Learning Record Form For Research ONLY Name: Milly Tanasarnsopon Group3

The purpose of this form is to document your learning as you are researching.
What you should see is that learning is a process. Your goal should be to update this form on a daily basis as you work and find out additional
information:
Include the information you have learned, with the main ideas summarized in your own words. If you cant summarize it in your own words, you
havent learned it.
Include the dates so that you can monitor your learning process.
As you learn more, you should always have more questions. We should see continuous questions and answers as you seek to deepen your
knowledge.

Knowledge Section: This section will be where you record what you know, as well as what you learn. At the end it should give us a picture of the
learning that took place during this project.
Things you know and things you learned: This section will be the first section you will fill out. Here you will list, summarized in your own words,
every important idea that you know so far. Later, as you learn more, you should add to this list. Choose a specific color for all the things that
you know. Choose a different color for all the things that you learn. This should be summarized in your own words.
Question Sections: Questions drive learning. Asking effective questions is the key to real learning. You should keep a careful record of all
questions that come to your mind. If the teacher comes to ask what you are doing, you should be able to show them the question that is driving
your learning.

Things you know that you dont know: These should be questions that come from you. Having focused questions is an important part of doing
efficient research. If the teacher comes to ask you what you are doing, you should be able to show them the question you are focused on. As you
learn new information, add it to the things you know section in a different color.
Things you didnt know that you dont know: As you continue to research and learn, you will come across words or ideas that you have never
heard of before. This is a very valuable chance to learn. It will also lead you to have questions such as: what does this word mean? Who made this
theory? How does this relate to this? These questions will add even more opportunities for you to learn. As you learn the answers to these
questions, add them to the things you learned list in a third different color.
 Question Section: Things you know that you dont know Question Section: Things you didnt know that you dont know

- Which gender of guinea pig can learn to run the maze faster? - What is the differences between Classic and Operant conditioning?
- Which method is the best way to teach the guinea pigs for our - What is the differences between reinforcement and punishment?
experiment? - What are the types of classical?
- What is the learning process of guinea pig in general? - What is sensitization?
- What is the differences between the body structures of each sex of - What is Flooding?
guinea pigs and how it affects their characteristics? - What is Desensitization?
- What are the factors that make their learning process different in each - What is Graded Exposure?
sex? - What is counterconditioning?
- What is the basic information about guinea pig? - What is the purpose of Operant conditioning?
- What is the general characteristics of guinea pigs? - What is the differences between positive and negative, reinforcement
- Basically, how to take care of guinea pigs, what should we prepare for
and punishment?
them in order to make them have least depress?
- What is the important roles of each parts of the guinea pigs brains?
 Things you know and things you learned.

- There are many types of learning behavior which is associated with a particular stimulus, for example, habituation, the form of learning in
which animal stop responding to stimuli when it realize that the stimuli do not aect it in both bad ways or good ways. To clarify, the stimuli is
not linked with the punishment or reward.

- Sensitization is an increasing of the response to stimulus.

- Conditioning is the building of association with two events which has specific outcome. This learning behavior consists of two types,
classical conditioning and operant conditioning.

- Flooding is the exposing animal to the stimulus for a long time in order to make the animal stop being fear of that stimulus, this method
however, is not recommended because if the trainer does it wrong the animal will be more afraid of the stimulus.

- Desensitization is exposing animal to the stimulus and changing the variable until the sign of being fear is disappeared. This method is the
common method that used to treat fear or anxiety of animal.

- Graded exposure is the method that the trainer put the stimuli at the furthest distance that makes animal shows the sign of fear then, wait
until the animal stops showing the sign. After that, reduce the distance and repeat it again until the animal stop being feared.

- Counterconditioning is the method that the trainer use the positive stimulus along with the negative stimulus in order to change their
emotional to be better while the animal is exposed to the negative stimuli.

- Another type of conditioning is operant conditioning. It is when an animal learns to perform an action voluntarily in order to get a reward or
to avoid a punishment which dierent from classical conditioning as it is the association between a behavior and a consequence. There are
four types of operant conditioning which are positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment.

- Positive reinforcement is adding something and increase the animal behavior. For example, give the food to animal as a reward. It is an
eective tool to help shape and change the animal behavior.

- Negative reinforcement is taking out something unpleasant and increase animal behavior.

- Positive punishment is adding something to decrease behavior of the animal.

- Negative punishment is removing something positive to decrease behavior.

 Things you know and things you learned.

- Guinea pig or Cavia Percellus is the sociable animal which variety in color and coat lengths depends on the breeds. Guinea pigs can live for five
to six years some of them can live up to eight with proper care. Their average size is eight to eleven inches long when adult. Their dietary and
housing needs are specific. The food that they usually eat are vegetables, fruits, hay or pellet food for guinea pig. Guinea pigs also need to
consume vitamin C. The food that they cant eat are chocolate, caeine and alcohol. These types of food can cause serious conditions.

- The circulation of estrogen hormone in females rodents also aect the levels of performance as hormone improves memory of females rodents
and enhances their performance in running the maze. Not only does estrogen aect female rodents, progesterone can also have an eect on the
brain too. However, the combination of estrogen and progesterone does not help improve the level of performance.

- there is dierence between males and females mouse brain in which males brain were approximately 2.5 percent larger compared to female in
term of volume. Males also has larger thalamus, motor cortex, and posterior hippocampus compared to female who has larger posterior
thalamic, Entorhinal cortex and anterior hippocampus. The amount of brain that is dierent in dierent parts can aect the learning abilities as
each part take account of dierent functions.

- Thalamus is center cortex that is used for signaling of both incoming and outgoing while hippocampus is a crucial part that involves learning
and memory.

- Motor cortex is the part that involved in motor function which is movement.

- Entorhinal cortex is the widespread network in the brain that locates in temporal lobe. It takes account of navigation and memory. This can
indicate that male guinea pig might have good memory, good physical ability and good sensing of the environment as it has a large amount of
those part of the brain.

- Female guinea pig has ability to navigate better as that part of the brain are larger than that of male mouse. This can aect the process of
learning of the maze as these skills are required in solving the maze.

- Guinea pigs are social animals and they will be more relax and adaptive faster with the new environment when they are in group rather than
when they are alone.

- The guinea pigs will follow the habits or the behaviors of the animal that is stay with them.

- Guinea pigs preferred the yellow food bowl and blue water bottle. Thus, the yellow food bowl and blue water bottle in the cage since it makes
the guinea pig comfortable and leads them to have good mood.

Sources:

- Guinea Pig Care Guide :Companionship and Behavior, Retrieved at May 20, 2017, from http://www.petful.com/misc/guinea-pig-
companionship-behavior/

- Sexual difference in spatial tasks in rodent, Retrieved at May 26, 2017, from http://anthro.vancouver.wsu.edu/media/Course_files/anth-395-
nicole-hess/jones-et-al-2003-the-evolution-of-sex-differences-in-spatial-ability.pdf

- Sexual difference in learning abilities in rodent, Retrieved at May 26, 2017, from http://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/
print_project_1128_78

- Sexual differences and brain composition, Retrieved at May 28, 2017, from http://www.bic.mni.mcgill.ca/~jason/reprints/Spring2007.pdf

- Sex differences in learning processes of classical and operant conditioning , Retrieved at May 28, 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pmc/articles/PMC2699937/

- Guinea pigs care, Retrieved at May 25, 2017, from http://petguineapigcare.com

- The FACTS of Guinea Pig LIFE, Retrieved at May 23, 2017, from http://www.cavyspirit.com/sexing.htm

- Sex Differences in Experimentally Induced Colitis in Mice, Retrieved at May 25, 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25962374

- Guinea pig care guide, Retrieved at May 25, 2017, from https://www.lovethatpet.com/small-pets/guinea-pig/

- Mice in a Maze, Retrieved at May 25, 2017, from https://prezi.com/xz3wp8evgzww/mice-in-a-maze/