Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(ANGIOSPERMAE)
Terdiri atas 2 Kelas :
Magnoliopsida (Dycotiledoneae)
Liliopsida (Monocotyledoneae)
MONOCOTS DICOTS
1 M
1.Magnoliidae
liid
2 Hamamelidae
2.Hamamelidae
3.Caryophyllidae
y p y
4.Dilleniidae
5.Rosidae
6.Asteridae
KELAS MAGNOLIOPSIDA
Terdiri atas 6 anak kelas
6
5
4
2
3
1. Bangsa
g MAGNOLIALES (10
( suku))
Pilihan suku didasarkan atas besarnya jumlah jenis, kepentingan
ekonominya dan adanya sifat-sifat yang istimewa
Suku MAGNOLIACEAE
Pohon, perdu
Bunga :
Bisex jarang unisex aktinomorf
Perigonium 6 18,
18 dalam spiral atau
lingkaran
Stamen ~, pistilum ~, tersusun spiral
pada kepanjangan dasar bunga
(torus). Magnolia
Ovarium superus, satu ruang/karpel grandiflora
Buah : folikulus (bumbung), baka (buni), samara kadang
agregat berupa kerucut mengkayu
Kepentingan
p g ekonomi suku ini : beberapa
p jenisnya
j y merupakan
p
1. tanaman hias dengan bunga yang harum
2. ada yang merupakan penghasil kayu
Manglieta figo cempaka ambon
T l m candolii
Talauma d lii cempaka
mp k gondok
d k
Michelia champaca cempaka kuning
Kulit kayu : tonikum, penurun demam, M. alba cempaka putih, kantil
pengharum anti kanker
pengharum, Daun, bunga : penurun demam
Daun demam,
Daun, akar : peluruh cacing, urus-urus aromatikum, astringen, anti
Bunga : kosmetik kanker.
Kandungan kimia : minyak atsiri,
atsiri Kandungan
g kimia sama dengang
alkaloid, fenol, asam benzoat M. champaca
Suku ANNONACEAE (Kenanga-kenangaan)
Very rare and endangered tree from Southeast Asia. Fruit is borne
on the lower trunk and is said to have a spicy, mango-like flavor.
Ancient Indonesians believed that eating the fruit would cause body
secretions nafas, keringat, urine to take on a perfume scent.
Suku MYRISTICACEAE (Pala-
(Pala-palaan)
Pohon, jarang perdu, aromatis,
Mengandung myristicin
y (komponen
fenolik yang psikotrofik)
Unisex
Daun tunggal,
gg , tersebar tanpa
p
stipula
Bunga :
rasemus/cymosa ,.
Periantium sepaloid, Unisex,
Bunga : stamen 2 - ~.
monadelfus
Bunga : carpel 1, stigma
sesil, ovul 1
Buah
B h : buni,
b i memecah h
Biji berarilus, endosperm
berminyak
Horsfieldia glabra,
glabra pengusir nyamuk
nyamuk, obat bisul
Bunga :
P b
Perbungaan panikula,
p ik l rasemus,
m
spika, umbela
Ada hypanthium (floral tube
formed byy the fusion of the
basal portions of sepals, petals
and stamens and from which
rest of floral parts emanate)
Buah : baka/drupa
Biji tanpa endosperm
Terdiri
T di i > 30 marga, 2000 2500 jenis,
j i
tropis/subtropics kebanyakan di Asia Tenggara
Contoh-
Contoh-contoh :
C. culilawan ((lawang)
g) Barks has a
mucilaginous, aromatic taste, and
a mixed odor of cinnamon,
sassafras, and cloves.
Eusideroxylon zwageri (kayu besi)
Actinodaphne spp.
Beilschmeidia spp.
Cryptocarya spp.
C
Phoebe spp.
Cinnamomum cassia (chinese cinnamon)
C. Zeylanicum flower
Craigmill et al. at Davis, California, have confirmed deleterious effects on lactating goats which
were allowed
ll to graze on leaves
l of 'Anaheim' avocado an hour each day for 2 days. Milk was curdled
and not milkable, the animals ground their teeth, necks were swollen and they coughed,
Avocado seed extracts injected into guinea pigs have caused only a few days of hyperexcitability and
anorexia. At Davis, mice given 10 to 14 g of
f half-and-half
h lf d h lf normall ration and
d either
h fresh
f h or dried
d d
avocado seed died in 2 or 3 days, though one mouse given 4 times the dose of the others survived for
2 weeks.
The
h seed d and
d the
h roots contain an antibiotic
b which
h h prevents bacterial
b l spoilage
l of
f food.
f d It is
the subject of two United States patents.
The bark contains 3.5% of an essential oil which has an anise odor and is made up largely of methyl
chavicol with a little anethole.
Cinnamomum camphora
p ((kamper)
p )
native to China and Japan where it has been commercially used for its timber and essential oils for
hundreds of years
Camphor tree leaves are distinctively fragrant when crushed and ripe berries that are
consumed by y some bird species.
p
Convolvulaceae
Suku HERNANDIACEAE (Kampis-kampisan)
P. pellucida (seuseureuhan),
tanaman hias
P. betle (sirih)
Sakit mata
mata, Eksim
Eksim, bau mulut,
mulut kulit gatal,
gatal
Piper nigrum (lada) piperin menghilangkan jerawat; pendarahan gusi, mimisan,
bronkhitis, batuk, sariawan, luka; keputihan, sakit
jantung sifilis
jantung, sifilis, alergi/biduren
alergi/biduren, diare
diare, Sakit gigi;
It is often chewed in combination with the betel
nut (Areca catechu), as a stimulatory. Some
evidence suggests that betel leaves have immune
boosting properties as well as anti-cancer
properties
P retrofractum
P. t f t ( b jawa,
(cabe j cabe
b panjang)
j ) : untuk
t k bandrek
b d k
Buah : kejang perut, perut kembung, diare, sakit kepala, sakit gigi, batuk,
demam, tekanan darah rendah.
P. Aduncum
(gedebong, kiseureuh)
Provides food and cover for wildlife, can be used for revegetating disturbed areas, and
contributes to the biomass of forests (Francis, 2003).
In Papua New Guinea stakes are used to create terraces for agriculture and to prevent
erosion (Bourke, 1997).
Wood can be used for basic construction, fuel, stakes and fences.
Has ornamental value and the fruit is used to season food.
Essential oils from this species have antibacterial properties and may also
be used as an insecticide and a molluscicide.
Tea made from the leaves and roots is used to treat diarrhea,
diarrhea dysentery,
dysentery
vomiting, ulcers, and can also be used for the control of bleeding (Francis,
2003).
P. methysticum (kawa), akar mengandung narkotik metistidin
Bangsa ILLICIALES
Suku ILLICIACEAE
Perdu atau pohon kecil yang aromatis
Terdiri dari 1 marga dengan + 40 jenis
Illicium verum (star anise)
Bangsa RANUNCULALES (8 suku)
Suku MENISPERMACEAE (Sirawan-sirawanan)
(Sirawan sirawanan)
Tinospora crispa
Arcangelisia flava (sirawan) bayang, biji untuk obat
mengandung berberin
berberin, menispermin
Bangsa PAPAVERALES (2 suku)
Suku PAPAVERACEAE (Derujuderujuan)
Herba, jarang
Herba jaran perdu,
perdu den
dengan
an getah
etah seperti susu atau berwarna
Mengandung berbagai alkaloida
Banyak jenis yang merupakan tanaman hias,
Y
Yang terpenting d l h Papaver
i adalah P somniferum,
if sumber
b opium
i ((yang
disadap dari buah yang belum matang) narkotik
Papaver somniferum
Argemone mexicana (deruju) Mexican
Poppy, Mexican Prickly Poppy or
Poppy
Cardosanto
Useful Parts: Roots, leaves, seeds
and yellow juice.
Other uses: The plant is found suitable for the reclamation of alkaline soils.
soils
Dried and powdered plants are recommended as green manure as it contain
sufficient amount of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium