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Low Voltage Temperature Sensors

Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37


FEATURES FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
+VS (2.7V TO 5.5V)
Low voltage operation (2.7 V to 5.5 V)
Calibrated directly in C
10 mV/C scale factor (20 mV/C on TMP37)
TMP35/
2C accuracy over temperature (typ) SHUTDOWN TMP36/ VOUT
0.5C linearity (typ) TMP37
Stable with large capacitive loads

00337-001
Specified 40C to +125C, operation to +150C
Less than 50 A quiescent current Figure 1.
Shutdown current 0.5 A max
Low self-heating PIN CONFIGURATIONS
Qualified for automotive applications
VOUT 1 5 GND
APPLICATIONS
+VS 2 TOP VIEW
Environmental control systems (Not to Scale)

Thermal protection NC 3 4 SHUTDOWN

00337-002
Industrial process control NC = NO CONNECT
Fire alarms
Power system monitors Figure 2. RJ-5 (SOT-23)
CPU thermal management
VOUT 1 8 +VS
GENERAL DESCRIPTION NC 2 7 NC
TOP VIEW
The TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 are low voltage, precision centi- NC 3 (Not to Scale) 6 NC
grade temperature sensors. They provide a voltage output that GND 4 5 SHUTDOWN

00337-003
is linearly proportional to the Celsius (centigrade) temperature.
NC = NO CONNECT
The TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 do not require any external
calibration to provide typical accuracies of 1C at +25C Figure 3. R-8 (SOIC_N)
and 2C over the 40C to +125C temperature range.
The low output impedance of the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 and 1 2 3

its linear output and precise calibration simplify interfacing to BOTTOM VIEW
(Not to Scale)
temperature control circuitry and ADCs. All three devices are 00337-004

intended for single-supply operation from 2.7 V to 5.5 V maxi- PIN 1, +VS; PIN 2, VOUT; PIN 3, GND
mum. The supply current runs well below 50 A, providing
Figure 4. T-3 (TO-92)
very low self-heatingless than 0.1C in still air. In addition, a
shutdown function is provided to cut the supply current to less
than 0.5 A.
The TMP35 is functionally compatible with the LM35/LM45 The TMP37 is intended for applications over the range of 5C
and provides a 250 mV output at 25C. The TMP35 reads to 100C and provides an output scale factor of 20 mV/C. The
temperatures from 10C to 125C. The TMP36 is specified from TMP37 provides a 500 mV output at 25C. Operation extends
40C to +125C, provides a 750 mV output at 25C, and to 150C with reduced accuracy for all devices when operating
operates to 125C from a single 2.7 V supply. The TMP36 is from a 5 V supply.
functionally compatible with the LM50. Both the TMP35 and The TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 are available in low cost 3-lead
TMP36 have an output scale factor of 10 mV/C. TO-92, 8-lead SOIC_N, and 5-lead SOT-23 surface-mount
packages.

Rev. H Document Feedback


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TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features .............................................................................................. 1 Basic Temperature Sensor Connections.................................. 10
Applications ....................................................................................... 1 Fahrenheit Thermometers ........................................................ 10
General Description ......................................................................... 1 Average and Differential Temperature Measurement ........... 12
Functional Block Diagram .............................................................. 1 Microprocessor Interrupt Generator ....................................... 13
Pin Configurations ........................................................................... 1 Thermocouple Signal Conditioning with Cold-Junction
Revision History ............................................................................... 2 Compensation ............................................................................. 14

Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Using TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Sensors in Remote


Locations ..................................................................................... 15
Absolute Maximum Ratings ............................................................ 4
Temperature to 420 mA Loop Transmitter .......................... 15
Thermal Resistance ...................................................................... 4
Temperature-to-Frequency Converter .................................... 16
ESD Caution .................................................................................. 4
Driving Long Cables or Heavy Capacitive Loads .................. 17
Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 5
Commentary on Long-Term Stability ..................................... 17
Functional Description .................................................................... 8
Outline Dimensions ....................................................................... 18
Applications Information ................................................................ 9
Ordering Guide .......................................................................... 19
Shutdown Operation .................................................................... 9
Automotive Products ................................................................. 19
Mounting Considerations ........................................................... 9
Thermal Environment Effects .................................................... 9

REVISION HISTORY
5/15Rev. G to Rev. H 10/02Rev. B to Rev. C
Changed TMP3x to TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 ............ Throughout Changes to Specifications .................................................................3
Changes to Figure 28 ...................................................................... 12 Deleted Text from Commentary on Long-Term Stability
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 19 Section .............................................................................................. 13
Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 14
11/13Rev. F to Rev. G
Change to Table 1, Long-Term Stability Parameter ..................... 3 9/01Rev. A to Rev. B
Change to Caption for Figure 38 .................................................. 18 Edits to Specifications .......................................................................2
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 19 Addition of New Figure 1 .................................................................2
Deletion of Wafer Test Limits Section ............................................3
11/10Rev. E to Rev. F
Changes to Features.......................................................................... 1 6/97Rev. 0 to Rev. A
Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 18
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 19 3/96Revision 0: Initial Version
Added Automotive Products Section........................................... 20

8/08Rev. D to Rev. E
Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 18
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 19

3/05Rev. C to Rev. D
Updated Format .................................................................. Universal
Changes to Specifications ................................................................ 3
Additions to Absolute Maximum Ratings ..................................... 4
Updated Outline Dimensions ....................................................... 18
Changes to Ordering Guide .......................................................... 19

Rev. H | Page 2 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37

SPECIFICATIONS
VS = 2.7 V to 5.5 V, 40C TA +125C, unless otherwise noted.

Table 1.
Parameter 1 Symbol Test Conditions/Comments Min Typ Max Unit
ACCURACY
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 (F Grade) TA = 25C 1 2 C
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 (G Grade) TA = 25C 1 3 C
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 (F Grade) Over rated temperature 2 3 C
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 (G Grade) Over rated temperature 2 4 C
Scale Factor, TMP35 10C TA 125C 10 mV/C
Scale Factor, TMP36 40C TA +125C 10 mV/C
Scale Factor, TMP37 5C TA 85C 20 mV/C
5C TA 100C 20 mV/C
3.0 V VS 5.5 V
Load Regulation 0 A IL 50 A
40C TA +105C 6 20 mC/A
105C TA +125C 25 60 mC/A
Power Supply Rejection Ratio PSRR TA = 25C 30 100 mC/V
3.0 V VS 5.5 V 50 mC/V
Linearity 0.5 C
Long-Term Stability TA = 150C for 1000 hours 0.4 C
SHUTDOWN
Logic High Input Voltage VIH VS = 2.7 V 1.8 V
Logic Low Input Voltage VIL VS = 5.5 V 400 mV
OUTPUT
TMP35 Output Voltage TA = 25C 250 mV
TMP36 Output Voltage TA = 25C 750 mV
TMP37 Output Voltage TA = 25C 500 mV
Output Voltage Range 100 2000 mV
Output Load Current IL 0 50 A
Short-Circuit Current ISC Note 2 250 A
Capacitive Load Driving CL No oscillations 2 1000 10000 pF
Device Turn-On Time Output within 1C, 100 k||100 pF load2 0.5 1 ms
POWER SUPPLY
Supply Range VS 2.7 5.5 V
Supply Current ISY (ON) Unloaded 50 A
Supply Current (Shutdown) ISY (OFF) Unloaded 0.01 0.5 A
1
Does not consider errors caused by self-heating.
2
Guaranteed but not tested.

Rev. H | Page 3 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet

ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS


Table 2. Stresses at or above those listed under Absolute Maximum
Parameter1, 2 Rating Ratings may cause permanent damage to the product. This is a
Supply Voltage 7V stress rating only; functional operation of the product at these
Shutdown Pin GND SHUTDOWN +VS or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational
Output Pin GND VOUT +VS section of this specification is not implied. Operation beyond
Operating Temperature Range 55C to +150C the maximum operating conditions for extended periods may
Die Junction Temperature 175C affect product reliability.
Storage Temperature Range 65C to +160C THERMAL RESISTANCE
IR Reflow Soldering
JA is specified for the worst-case conditions, that is, a device in
Peak Temperature 220C (0C/5C)
socket.
Time at Peak Temperature Range 10 sec to 20 sec
Ramp-Up Rate 3C/sec Table 3. Thermal Resistance
Ramp-Down Rate 6C/sec Package Type JA JC Unit
Time 25C to Peak Temperature 6 min TO-92 (T-3-1) 162 120 C/W
IR Reflow SolderingPb-Free Package SOIC_N (R-8) 158 43 C/W
Peak Temperature 260C (0C) SOT-23 (RJ-5) 300 180 C/W
Time at Peak Temperature Range 20 sec to 40 sec
Ramp-Up Rate 3C/sec
Ramp-Down Rate 6C/sec ESD CAUTION
Time 25C to Peak Temperature 8 min
1
Digital inputs are protected; however, permanent damage can occur on
unprotected units from high energy electrostatic fields. Keep units in
conductive foam or packaging at all times until ready to use. Use proper
antistatic handling procedures.
2
Remove power before inserting or removing units from their sockets.

Rev. H | Page 4 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37

TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS


50 0.4

+VS = 3V TO 5.5V, NO LOAD

POWER SUPPLY REJECTION (C/V)


40
LOAD REGULATION (mC/A)

0.3

30

0.2

20

0.1
10

00337-009
00337-005
0 0
50 0 50 100 150 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TEMPERATURE (C) TEMPERATURE (C)

Figure 5. Load Regulation vs. Temperature (mC/A) Figure 8. Power Supply Rejection vs. Temperature

2.0 100.000
a. TMP35
1.8 b. TMP36
c. TMP37 31.600
+VS = 3V c

POWER SUPPLY REJECTION (C/V)


1.6
10.000
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

1.4
b 3.160
1.2

1.0 1.000

0.8
a 0.320
0.6
0.100
0.4
00337-007

0.032

00337-010
0.2

0 0.010
50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 20 100 1k 10k 100k
TEMPERATURE (C) FREQUENCY (Hz)

Figure 6. Output Voltage vs. Temperature Figure 9. Power Supply Rejection vs. Frequency

5 5

4
MINIMUM SUPPLY VOLTAGE REQUIRED TO MEET
MINIMUM SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)

3 4 DATA SHEET SPECIFICATION


ACCURACY ERROR (C)

a a. MAXIMUM LIMIT (G GRADE)


2 NO LOAD
b. TYPICAL ACCURACY ERROR
c. MINIMUM LIMIT (G GRADE)
1 3

0 b

1 2
b a
2

3 1
a. TMP35/TMP36
00337-008

00337-011

4 b. TMP37
c
5 0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TEMPERATURE (C) TEMPERATURE (C)

Figure 7. Accuracy Error vs. Temperature Figure 10. Minimum Supply Voltage vs. Temperature

Rev. H | Page 5 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet
60 400

a. +VS = 5V
b. +VS = 3V
50
NO LOAD 300
SUPPLY CURRENT (A)

= +VS AND SHUTDOWN PINS

RESPONSE TIME (s)


HIGH TO LOW (3V TO 0V)
40

a 200

30 = +VS AND SHUTDOWN PINS


LOW TO HIGH (0V TO 3V)
VOUT SETTLES WITHIN 1C
b 100
20

00337-012

00337-015
10 0
50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125
TEMPERATURE (C) TEMPERATURE (C)

Figure 11. Supply Current vs. Temperature Figure 14. VOUT Response Time for +VS Power-Up/Power-Down vs.
Temperature

50 400
= SHUTDOWN PIN
TA = 25C, NO LOAD HIGH TO LOW (3V TO 0V)
40
300
SUPPLY CURRENT (A)

RESPONSE TIME (s)

30

200

20

100
10 = SHUTDOWN PIN
LOW TO HIGH (0V TO 3V)

00337-016
VOUT SETTLES WITHIN 1C
00337-013

0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) TEMPERATURE (C)

Figure 12. Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage Figure 15. VOUT Response Time for SHUTDOWN Pin vs. Temperature

50 1.0

0.8
a. +VS = 5V
b. +VS = 3V TA = 25C
40 0.6 +VS = 3V
NO LOAD 0.4 SHUTDOWN =
SUPPLY CURRENT (nA)

OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)

SIGNAL
0.2
30
0

1.0
20
0.8

a 0.6
TA = 25C
10 0.4 +VS AND SHUTDOWN =
SIGNAL
00337-017
00337-014

0.2
b
0 0
50 25 0 25 50 75 100 125 50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
TEMPERATURE (C) TIME (s)

Figure 13. Supply Current vs. Temperature (Shutdown = 0 V) Figure 16. VOUT Response Time to SHUTDOWN Pin and +VS Pin vs. Time

Rev. H | Page 6 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37
110
a
100 10mV 1ms

90
100
c +VS = 3V, 5V
80 b 90

VOLT/DIVISION
70
CHANGE (%)

60

50

40
a. TMP35 SOIC SOLDERED TO 0.5" 0.3" Cu PCB
30 b. TMP36 SOIC SOLDERED TO 0.6" 0.4" Cu PCB 10
c. TMP35 TO-92 IN SOCKET SOLDERED TO 0%
20 1" 0.4" Cu PCB

00337-019
00337-034
10

0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 TIME/DIVISION
TIME (s)

Figure 17. Thermal Response Time in Still Air Figure 20. Temperature Sensor Wideband Output Noise Voltage;
Gain = 100, BW = 157 kHz

140 2400
a. TMP35 SOIC SOLDERED TO 0.5" 0.3" Cu PCB 2200
120 b. TMP36 SOIC SOLDERED TO 0.6" 0.4" Cu PCB

VOLTAGE NOISE DENSITY (nV/ Hz)


c. TMP35 TO-92 IN SOCKET SOLDERED TO 2000
1" 0.4" Cu PCB b
1800
100
TIME CONSTANT (s)

1600

80 1400
+VS = 3V, 5V 1200
60 1000
b 800
40
c 600
a
20 400 a. TMP35/TMP36
00337-018

00337-020
b. TMP37
200
a
0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 10 100 1k 10k
AIR VELOCITY (FPM) FREQUENCY (Hz)

Figure 18. Thermal Response Time Constant in Forced Air Figure 21. Voltage Noise Spectral Density vs. Frequency

110
a
100

90
c +VS = 3V, 5V
80
b
70
CHANGE (%)

60

50

40
a. TMP35 SOIC SOLDERED TO 0.5" 0.3" Cu PCB
30 b. TMP36 SOIC SOLDERED TO 0.6" 0.4" Cu PCB
c. TMP35 TO-92 IN SOCKET SOLDERED TO
20 1" 0.4" Cu PCB
00337-035

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
TIME (s)

Figure 19. Thermal Response Time in Stirred Oil Bath

Rev. H | Page 7 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
An equivalent circuit for the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 micropower, +VS

centigrade temperature sensors is shown in Figure 22. The core SHUTDOWN

of the temperature sensor is a band gap core that comprises 25A

transistors Q1 and Q2, biased by Q3 to approximately 8 A. The


band gap core operates both Q1 and Q2 at the same collector 3X 2X

current level; however, because the emitter area of Q1 is 10


times that of Q2, the VBE of Q1 and the VBE of Q2 are not equal
by the following relationship: Q2
1X
Q4
AE,Q1 R1
VBE = VT ln Q1
AE,Q2 10X
R3

Resistors R1 and R2 are used to scale this result to produce VOUT R2


7.5A
the output voltage transfer characteristic of each temperature Q3
sensor and, simultaneously, R2 and R3 are used to scale the VBE of 2X

00337-006
Q1 as an offset term in VOUT. Table 4 summarizes the differences 6X

in the output characteristics of the three temperature sensors. GND

Figure 22. Temperature Sensor Simplified Equivalent Circuit


The output voltage of the temperature sensor is available at the
emitter of Q4, which buffers the band gap core and provides
load current drive. The current gain of Q4, working with the Table 4. TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Output Characteristics
available base current drive from the previous stage, sets the Offset Output Voltage Output Voltage
short-circuit current limit of these devices to 250 A. Sensor Voltage (V) Scaling (mV/C) at 25C (mV)
TMP35 0 10 250
TMP36 0.5 10 750
TMP37 0 20 500

Rev. H | Page 8 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37

APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
SHUTDOWN OPERATION THERMAL ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS
All TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 devices include a shutdown The thermal environment in which the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37
capability, which reduces the power supply drain to less than sensors are used determines two important characteristics: self-
0.5 A maximum. This feature, available only in the SOIC_N heating effects and thermal response time. Figure 23 illustrates a
and the SOT-23 packages, is TTL/CMOS level-compatible, thermal model of the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 temperature
provided that the temperature sensor supply voltage is equal in sensors, which is useful in under-standing these characteristics.
magnitude to the logic supply voltage. Internal to the TMP35/ TJ JC TC CA

TMP36/TMP37 at the SHUTDOWN pin, a pull-up current


source to +VS is connected. This allows the SHUTDOWN pin to
PD CCH CC TA
be driven from an open-collector/drain driver. A logic low, or

00337-021
zero-volt condition, on the SHUTDOWN pin is required to
turn off the output stage. During shutdown, the output of the
Figure 23. Thermal Circuit Model
temperature sensors becomes high impedance where the
potential of the output pin is then determined by external In the T-3 package, the thermal resistance junction-to-case, JC,
circuitry. If the shutdown feature is not used, it is recommended is 120C/W. The thermal resistance case-to-ambient, CA, is the
that the SHUTDOWN pin be connected to +VS (Pin 8 on the difference between JA and JC, and is determined by the char-
SOIC_N; Pin 2 on the SOT-23). acteristics of the thermal connection. The power dissipation of
the temperature sensor, PD, is the product of the total voltage
The shutdown response time of these temperature sensors is across the device and its total supply current, including any
shown in Figure 14, Figure 15, and Figure 16. current delivered to the load. The rise in die temperature above
MOUNTING CONSIDERATIONS the ambient temperature of the medium is given by
If the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 temperature sensors are thermally TJ = PD (JC + CA) + TA
attached and protected, they can be used in any temperature Thus, the die temperature rise of a TMP35 SOT-23 package
measurement application where the maximum temperature mounted into a socket in still air at 25C and driven from a 5 V
range of the medium is between 40C and +125C. Properly supply is less than 0.04C.
cemented or glued to the surface of the medium, these sensors
are within 0.01C of the surface temperature. Caution should be The transient response of the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 sensors
exercised, especially with T-3 packages, because the leads and to a step change in the temperature is determined by the
any wiring to the device can act as heat pipes, introducing thermal resistances and the thermal capacities of the die, CCH,
errors if the surrounding air-surface interface is not isothermal. and the case, CC. The thermal capacity of CC varies with the
Avoiding this condition is easily achieved by dabbing the leads measurement medium because it includes anything in direct
of the temper-ature sensor and the hookup wires with a bead of contact with the package. In all practical cases, the thermal
thermally conductive epoxy. This ensures that the TMP35/TMP36/ capacity of CC is the limiting factor in the thermal response time
TMP37 die temperature is not affected by the surrounding air of the sensor and can be represented by a single-pole RC time
temperature. Because plastic IC packaging technology is used, constant response. Figure 17 and Figure 19 show the thermal
excessive mechanical stress should be avoided when fastening the response time of the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 sensors under
device with a clamp or a screw-on heat tab. Thermally conductive various conditions. The thermal time constant of a temperature
epoxy or glue, which must be electrically nonconductive, is sensor is defined as the time required for the sensor to reach
recommended under typical mounting conditions. 63.2% of the final value for a step change in the temperature.
For example, the thermal time constant of a TMP35 SOIC
These temperature sensors, as well as any associated circuitry, package sensor mounted onto a 0.5" 0.3" PCB is less than
should be kept insulated and dry to avoid leakage and corrosion. 50 sec in air, whereas in a stirred oil bath, the time constant is
In wet or corrosive environments, any electrically isolated metal less than 3 sec.
or ceramic well can be used to shield the temperature sensors.
Condensation at very cold temperatures can cause errors and
should be avoided by sealing the device, using electrically non-
conductive epoxy paints or dip or any one of the many printed
circuit board coatings and varnishes.

Rev. H | Page 9 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet
BASIC TEMPERATURE SENSOR CONNECTIONS FAHRENHEIT THERMOMETERS
Figure 24 illustrates the basic circuit configuration for the Although the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 temperature sensors are
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 temperature sensors. The table in centigrade temperature sensors, a few components can be used
Figure 24 shows the pin assignments of the temperature sensors to convert the output voltage and transfer characteristics to
for the three package types. For the SOT-23, Pin 3 is labeled NC, directly read Fahrenheit temperatures. Figure 25 shows an
as are Pin 2, Pin 3, Pin 6, and Pin 7 on the SOIC_N package. It example of a simple Fahrenheit thermometer using either the
is recommended that no electrical connections be made to these TMP35 or the TMP37. Using the TMP35, this circuit can be
pins. If the shutdown feature is not needed on the SOT-23 or on used to sense temperatures from 41F to 257F with an output
the SOIC_N package, the SHUTDOWN pin should be transfer characteristic of 1 mV/F; using the TMP37, this circuit
connected to +VS. can be used to sense temperatures from 41F to 212F with an
2.7V < +VS < 5.5V output transfer characteristic of 2 mV/F. This particular
0.1F
approach does not lend itself to the TMP36 because of its
inherent 0.5 V output offset. The circuit is constructed with an
+VS AD589, a 1.23 V voltage reference, and four resistors whose
values for each sensor are shown in the table in Figure 25. The
SHUTDOWN TMP3x VOUT
scaling of the output resistance levels ensures minimum output
GND loading on the temp-erature sensors. A generalized expression
for the transfer equation of the circuit is given by
R1
PIN ASSIGNMENTS VOUT = (TMP35 ) + R3 ( AD589 )
R1 + R2 R3 + R4
PACKAGE +VS GND VOUT SHUTDOWN
SOIC_N 8 4 1 5
where:
00337-022

SOT-23 2 5 1 4
TO-92 1 3 2 NA TMP35 is the output voltage of the TMP35 or the TMP37 at the
Figure 24. Basic Temperature Sensor Circuit Configuration measurement temperature, TM.
AD589 is the output voltage of the reference, that is, 1.23 V.
Note the 0.1 F bypass capacitor on the input. This capacitor
should be a ceramic type, have very short leads (surface-mount The output voltage of this circuit is not referenced to the
is preferable), and be located as close as possible in physical circuits common ground. If this output voltage were applied
proximity to the temperature sensor supply pin. Because these directly to the input of an ADC, the ADC common ground
temperature sensors operate on very little supply current and should be adjusted accordingly.
may be exposed to very hostile electrical environments, it is +VS
0.1F
important to minimize the effects of radio frequency interference
+VS
(RFI) on these devices. The effect of RFI on these temperature
sensors specifically and on analog ICs in general is manifested as TMP35/ VOUT

abnormal dc shifts in the output voltage due to the rectification TMP37


R1
of the high frequency ambient noise by the IC. When the GND +
devices are operated in the presence of high frequency radiated
or conducted noise, a large value tantalum capacitor (2.2 F) R2

placed across the 0.1 F ceramic capacitor may offer additional VOUT
noise immunity. AD589 R3
1.23V

R4

SENSOR TCVOUT R1 (k) R2 (k) R3 (k) R4 (k)


00337-023

TMP35 1mV/F 45.3 10 10 374


TMP37 2mV/F 45.3 10 10 182

Figure 25. TMP35/TMP37 Fahrenheit Thermometers

Rev. H | Page 10 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37
The same circuit principles can be applied to the TMP36, but At the expense of additional circuitry, the offset produced by
because of the inherent offset of the TMP36, the circuit uses only the circuit in Figure 26 can be avoided by using the circuit in
two resistors, as shown in Figure 26. In this circuit, the output Figure 27. In this circuit, the output of the TMP36 is conditioned
voltage transfer characteristic is 1 mV/F but is referenced to by a single-supply, micropower op amp, the OP193. Although
the common ground of the circuit; however, there is a 58 mV the entire circuit operates from a single 3 V supply, the output
(58F) offset in the output voltage. For example, the output voltage of the circuit reads the temperature directly, with a
voltage of the circuit reads 18 mV if the TMP36 is placed in a transfer characteristic of 1 mV/F, without offset. This is accom-
40F ambient environment and 315 mV at +257F. plished through an ADM660, which is a supply voltage inverter.
+VS The 3 V supply is inverted and applied to the V terminal of the
OP193. Thus, for a temperature range between 40F and +257F,
+VS
the output of the circuit reads 40 mV to +257 mV. A general
VOUT expression for the transfer equation of the circuit is given by
0.1F TMP36
R6
1 + R4 (TMP36 ) R4 VS
R1
45.3k VOUT =
GND R5 + R6 R3 R3 2

VOUT @ 1mV/F 58F
R2
10k 00337-024

VOUT @ 40F = 18mV


VOUT @ +257F = 315mV

Figure 26. TMP36 Fahrenheit Thermometer Version 1


+3V

R1
50k R3 R4

R2 C1 + 0.1F
50k 10F
7
2
+VS
OP193 VOUT @ 1mV/F
+ VOUT R5 3 6 40F TA +257F
10F/0.1F TMP36 +
R6 4

GND
8

1 5
NC 3V
ELEMENT VALUE 2 10F
+
R3 258.6k + ADM660 6
10F 4
R4 10k
NC
R5 47.7k 3 7
R6 10k
00337-025

Figure 27. TMP36 Fahrenheit Thermometer Version 2

Rev. H | Page 11 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet
AVERAGE AND DIFFERENTIAL TEMPERATURE 2.7V < +VS < 5.5V

MEASUREMENT 0.1F
VTEMP(AVG)
In many commercial and industrial environments, temperature 3
7 @ 10mV/C FOR TMP35/TMP36
@ 20mV/C FOR TMP37
sensors often measure the average temperature in a building, or +
6
OP193
the difference in temperature between two locations on a factory 2

floor or in an industrial process. The circuits in Figure 28 and 4
R5
100k
Figure 29 demonstrate an inexpensive approach to average and
R1
differential temperature measurement. 300k
TMP3x
In Figure 28, an OP193 sums the outputs of three temperature
sensors to produce an output voltage scaled by 10 mV/C that R6
7.5k
represents the average temperature at three locations. The circuit R2
300k
can be extended to include as many temperature sensors as TMP3x
required as long as the transfer equation of the circuit is FOR R1 = R2 = R3 = R;
VTEMP(AVG) = 1 (TMP3x1 + TMP3x2 + TMP3x3)
maintained. In this application, it is recommended that one R3 3
temperature sensor type be used throughout the circuit; 300k R5 = R1
TMP3x 3
otherwise, the output voltage of the circuit cannot produce an R4 R4 = R6
7.5k
accurate reading of the various ambient conditions.

00337-026
The circuit in Figure 29 illustrates how a pair of TMP35/TMP36/
TMP37 sensors used with an OP193 configured as a difference Figure 28. Configuring Multiple Sensors for
amplifier can read the difference in temperature between two Average Temperature Measurements
locations. In these applications, it is always possible that one 2.7V < +VS < 5.5V
temperature sensor is reading a temperature below that of the
other sensor. To accommodate this condition, the output of the
OP193 is offset to a voltage at one-half the supply via R5 and
R6. Thus, the output voltage of the circuit is measured relative R11 R21
0.1F TMP36
to this point, as shown in Figure 29. Using the TMP36, the @ T1 R8
25k
output voltage of the circuit is scaled by 10 mV/C. To minimize
the error in the difference between the two measured
temperatures, a common, readily available thin-film resistor
0.1F
network is used for R1 to R4.
7
2
VOUT
6
OP193
R31 3
0.1F TMP36 +
@ T2 4
R9 R7
25k 100k

CENTERED AT
R41 1F

R5 R6
0C TA 125C 100k
VOUT = T2 T1 @ 10mV/C
100k
VS
CENTERED AT
2
00337-027

NOTE:
1 R1R4, CADDOCK T914100k100, OR EQUIVALENT.

Figure 29. Configuring Multiple Sensors for


Differential Temperature Measurements

Rev. H | Page 12 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37
MICROPROCESSOR INTERRUPT GENERATOR Because temperature is a slowly moving quantity, the possibility
These inexpensive temperature sensors can be used with a for comparator chatter exists. To avoid this condition, hysteresis
voltage reference and an analog comparator to configure an is used around the comparator. In this application, a hysteresis
interrupt generator for microprocessor applications. With the of 5C about the trip point was arbitrarily chosen; the ultimate
popularity of fast microprocessors, the need to indicate a value for hysteresis should be determined by the end application.
microprocessor overtemperature condition has grown The output logic voltage swing of the comparator with R1 and
tremendously. The circuit in Figure 30 demonstrates one way to R2 determines the amount of comparator hysteresis. Using a
generate an interrupt using a TMP35, a CMP402 analog 3.3 V supply, the output logic voltage swing of the CMP402 is
comparator, and a REF191, a 2 V precision voltage reference. 2.6 V; therefore, for a hysteresis of 5C (50 mV at 10 mV/C),
R1 is set to 20 k, and R2 is set to 1 M. An expression for the
The circuit is designed to produce a logic high interrupt signal hysteresis of this circuit is given by
if the microprocessor temperature exceeds 80C. This 80C trip
point was arbitrarily chosen (final value set by the microprocessor VHYS =
R1
(
VLOGIC SWING, CMP402
R2
)
thermal reference design) and is set using an R3 to R4 voltage
divider of the REF191 output voltage. Because the output of the Because this circuit is probably used in close proximity to high
TMP35 is scaled by 10 mV/C, the voltage at the inverting speed digital circuits, R1 is split into equal values and a 1000 pF
terminal of the CMP402 is set to 0.8 V. capacitor is used to form a low-pass filter on the output of the
TMP35. Furthermore, to prevent high frequency noise from
contaminating the comparator trip point, a 0.1 F capacitor is
used across R4.
3.3V

R2
1M

+VS 0.1F
R1A R1B 3
VOUT 10k 10k 6
0.1F TMP35 4
2
R5 CL CMP402 INTERRUPT
100k 1000pF 5 14
+
GND
0.1F
>80C
2 13
<80C
R3
6 16k VREF
REF191
3
+ R4
1F 10k 0.1F
4

1 00337-028
C1 = CMP402
4

Figure 30. Microprocessor Overtemperature Interrupt Generator

Rev. H | Page 13 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet
THERMOCOUPLE SIGNAL CONDITIONING WITH and the wires of the thermocouple from introducing an error in
COLD-JUNCTION COMPENSATION the measured temperature. This compensation works extremely
well for circuit ambient temperatures in the range of 20C to 50C.
The circuit in Figure 31 conditions the output of a Type K
Over a 250C measurement temperature range, the thermocouple
thermocouple, while providing cold-junction compensation for
produces an output voltage change of 10.151 mV. Because the
temperatures between 0C and 250C. The circuit operates from
required output full-scale voltage of the circuit is 2.5 V, the gain
a single 3.3 V to 5.5 V supply and is designed to produce an
of the circuit is set to 246.3. Choosing R4 equal to 4.99 k sets
output voltage transfer characteristic of 10 mV/C.
R5 equal to 1.22 M. Because the closest 1% value for R5 is
A Type K thermocouple exhibits a Seebeck coefficient of 1.21 M, a 50 k potentiometer is used with R5 for fine trim of
approximately 41 V/C; therefore, at the cold junction, the the full-scale output voltage. Although the OP193 is a superior
TMP35, with a temperature coefficient of 10 mV/C, is used single-supply, micropower operational amplifier, its output stage
with R1 and R2 to introduce an opposing cold-junction temp- is not rail-to-rail; therefore, the 0C output voltage level is 0.1 V.
erature coefficient of 41 V/C. This prevents the isothermal, If this circuit is digitized by a single-supply ADC, the ADC
cold-junction connection between the PCB tracks of the circuit common should be adjusted to 0.1 V accordingly.

3.3V < +VS < 5.5V

+VS P1
50k
VOUT R3
0.1F 10M R4 R51
TMP35 5% 4.99k 1.21M

0.1F
GND
R11
24.9k 7
2

6 VOUT
OP193 0V TO 2.5V
CU
CHROMEL 3 R6
+ + 100k
4 5%
TYPE K
THERMO- COLD
COUPLE JUNCTION
CU NOTE:
ALUMEL
1 ALL RESISTORS 1% UNLESS OTHERWISE NOTED.

R21
102

00337-029
ISOTHERMAL
0C TA 250C BLOCK

Figure 31. Single-Supply, Type K Thermocouple Signal Conditioning Circuit with Cold-Junction Compensation

Rev. H | Page 14 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37
USING TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 SENSORS IN TEMPERATURE TO 420 mA LOOP TRANSMITTER
REMOTE LOCATIONS In many process control applications, 2-wire transmitters are
In many industrial environments, sensors are required to used to convey analog signals through noisy ambient environ-
operate in the presence of high ambient noise. These noise ments. These current transmitters use a zero-scale signal current
sources take many forms, for example, SCR transients, relays, of 4 mA, which can be used to power the signal conditioning
radio transmitters, arc welders, and ac motors. They can also circuitry of the transmitter. The full-scale output signal in these
be used at considerable distances from the signal conditioning transmitters is 20 mA.
circuitry. These high noise environments are typically in the Figure 33 illustrates a circuit that transmits temperature inform-
form of electric fields, so the voltage output of the temperature ation in this fashion. Using a TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 as the
sensor can be susceptible to contamination from these noise temperature sensor, the output current is linearly proportional
sources. to the temperature of the medium. The entire circuit operates
Figure 32 illustrates a way to convert the output voltage of a from the 3 V output of the REF193. The REF193 requires no
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 sensor into a current to be transmitted external trimming because of its tight initial output voltage
down a long twisted pair shielded cable to a ground referenced tolerance and the low supply current of the TMP35/TMP36/
receiver. The temperature sensors are not capable of high output TMP37, the OP193, and the REF193. The entire circuit consumes
current operation; thus, a standard PNP transistor is used to less than 3 mA from a total budget of 4 mA. The OP193 regulates
boost the output current drive of the circuit. As shown in the the output current to satisfy the current summation at the
table in Figure 32, the values of R2 and R3 were chosen to noninverting node of the OP193. A generalized expression for
produce an arbitrary full-scale output current of 2 mA. Lower the KCL equation at Pin 3 of the OP193 is given by
values for the full-scale current are not recommended. The
1 TMP3x R3 VREF R3
minimum-scale output current produced by the circuit could be I OUT = +
R7 R1 R2
contaminated by ambient magnetic fields operating in the near
vicinity of the circuit/cable pair. Because the circuit uses an For each temperature sensor, Table 5 provides the values for the
external transistor, the minimum recommended operating components P1, P2, and R1 to R4.
voltage for this circuit is 5 V. To minimize the effects of EMI (or
RFI), both the circuit and the temperature sensor supply pins Table 5. Circuit Element Values for Loop Transmitter
are bypassed with good quality ceramic capacitors. Sensor R1 P1 R2 P2 R3 R4
TMP35 97.6 k 5 k 1.58 M 100 k 140 k 56.2 k
TMP36 97.6 k 5 k 931 k 50 k 97.6 k 47 k
R1 TMP37 97.6 k 5 k 10.5 k 500 84.5 k 8.45 k
4.7k 5V

2N2907 The 4 mA offset trim is provided by P2, and P1 provides the


VOUT
full-scale gain trim of the circuit at 20 mA. These two trims do
0.1F +VS
not interact because the noninverting input of the OP193 is
0.01F TMP3x VOUT
R3 held at a virtual ground. The zero-scale and full-scale output
currents of the circuit are adjusted according to the operating
GND
temperature range of each temperature sensor. The Schottky
R2
diode, D1, is required in this circuit to prevent loop supply
TWISTED PAIR
BELDEN TYPE 9502 power-on transients from pulling the noninverting input of the
OR EQUIVALENT
OP193 more than 300 mV below its inverting input. Without
SENSOR R2 R3
this diode, such transients can cause phase reversal of the
TMP35 634 634
operational amplifier and possible latch-up of the transmitter.
00337-030

TMP36 887 887


TMP37 1k 1k The loop supply voltage compliance of the circuit is limited by
Figure 32. Remote, 2-Wire Boosted Output Current Temperature Sensor the maximum applied input voltage to the REF193; it is from
9 V to 18 V.

Rev. H | Page 15 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet
3V 6 2
REF193

+
R21 1F 4
VLOOP
9V TO 18V

P21
4mA
+VS ADJUST 0.1F

R11 7
2 R6
TMP3x 100k
6 Q1
VOUT P11 OP193
20mA 3 2N1711
ADJUST + VOUT
GND 4
D1 R5
100k RL
R31 R41
250

R7
100
NOTE: D1: HP5082-2810
1 SEE TEXT FOR VALUES.

00337-032
IL

Figure 33. Temperature to 420 mA Loop Transmitter

TEMPERATURE-TO-FREQUENCY CONVERTER
5V
Another common method of transmitting analog information
from a remote location is to convert a voltage to an equivalent
value in the frequency domain. This is readily done with any of 0.1F CT1
RPU
the low cost, monolithic voltage-to-frequency converters (VFCs) +VS 5k
8 6 7
available. These VFCs feature a robust, open-collector output VOUT 4
transistor for easy interfacing to digital circuitry. The digital 10F/0.1F TMP3x 1
AD654 fOUT
signal produced by the VFC is less susceptible to contamination 3
GND
from external noise sources and line voltage drops because the 5 2
R1
only important information is the frequency of the digital sig-
RT1
nal. When the conversions between temperature and frequency NB: ATTA (MIN), fOUT = 0Hz
5V
are done accurately, the temperature data from the sensors can P1
NOTE:
fOUT 1R AND C SEE TABLE
be reliably transmitted. P2 OFFSET T T
100k ROFF1
ROFF2
The circuit in Figure 34 illustrates a method by which the 470
10
outputs of these temperature sensors can be converted to a
frequency using the AD654. The output signal of the AD654 is
SENSOR RT (R1 + P1) CT
a square wave that is proportional to the dc input voltage across TMP35 11.8k + 500 1.7nF
Pin 4 and Pin 3. The transfer equation of the circuit is given by
00337-031

TMP36 16.2k + 500 1.8nF


TMP37 18.2k + 1k 2.1nF
V VOFFSET
f OUT TPM

Figure 34. Temperature-to-Frequency Converter
10 (RT CT )

Rev. H | Page 16 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37
An offset trim network (fOUT OFFSET ) is included with this COMMENTARY ON LONG-TERM STABILITY
circuit to set fOUT to 0 Hz when the minimum output voltage of The concept of long-term stability has been used for many years
the temperature sensor is reached. Potentiometer P1 is required to describe the amount of parameter shift that occurs during
to calibrate the absolute accuracy of the AD654. The table in the lifetime of an IC. This is a concept that has been typically
Figure 34 illustrates the circuit element values for each of the applied to both voltage references and monolithic temperature
three sensors. The nominal offset voltage required for 0 Hz sensors. Unfortunately, integrated circuits cannot be evaluated
output from the TMP35 is 50 mV; for the TMP36 and TMP37, at room temperature (25C) for 10 years or more to determine
the offset voltage required is 100 mV. For the circuit values this shift. As a result, manufacturers very typically perform
shown, the output frequency transfer characteristic of the accelerated lifetime testing of integrated circuits by operating
circuit was set at 50 Hz/C in all cases. At the receiving end, a ICs at elevated temperatures (between 125C and 150C) over a
frequency-to-voltage converter (FVC) can be used to convert shorter period of time (typically, between 500 and 1000 hours).
the frequency back to a dc voltage for further processing. One
such FVC is the AD650. As a result of this operation, the lifetime of an integrated circuit
is significantly accelerated due to the increase in rates of reaction
For complete information about the AD650 and the AD654, within the semiconductor material.
consult the individual data sheets for those devices.
DRIVING LONG CABLES OR HEAVY CAPACITIVE
LOADS
Although the TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 temperature sensors
can drive capacitive loads up to 10,000 pF without oscillation,
output voltage transient response times can be improved by
using a small resistor in series with the output of the temperature
sensor, as shown in Figure 35. As an added benefit, this resistor
forms a low-pass filter with the cable capacitance, which helps
to reduce bandwidth noise. Because the temperature sensor is
likely to be used in environments where the ambient noise level
can be very high, this resistor helps to prevent rectification by
the devices of the high frequency noise. The combination of this
resistor and the supply bypass capacitor offers the best protection.
+VS

VOUT 750
0.1F
TMP3x
LONG CABLE OR
HEAVY CAPACITIVE
LOADS
00337-033

GND

Figure 35. Driving Long Cables or Heavy Capacitive Loads

Rev. H | Page 17 of 19
TMP35/TMP36/TMP37 Data Sheet

OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
5.00 (0.1968)
4.80 (0.1890)

8 5
4.00 (0.1574) 6.20 (0.2441)
3.80 (0.1497) 1 5.80 (0.2284)
4

1.27 (0.0500) 0.50 (0.0196)


BSC 45
1.75 (0.0688) 0.25 (0.0099)
0.25 (0.0098) 1.35 (0.0532)
8
0.10 (0.0040) 0
COPLANARITY 0.51 (0.0201)
0.10 1.27 (0.0500)
0.31 (0.0122) 0.25 (0.0098)
SEATING 0.40 (0.0157)
PLANE 0.17 (0.0067)

COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MS-012-AA


CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS; INCH DIMENSIONS

012407-A
(IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF MILLIMETER EQUIVALENTS FOR
REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN.

Figure 36. 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package [SOIC_N]


Narrow Body
(R-8)
Dimensions shown in millimeters and (inches)

3.00
2.90
2.80

5 4 3.00
1.70
1.60 2.80
1.50 2.60
1 2 3

0.95 BSC
1.90
BSC
1.30
1.15
0.90
1.45 MAX 0.20 MAX
0.95 MIN 0.08 MIN
0.55
0.15 MAX 10 0.45
0.05 MIN SEATING 5 0.60
0.50 MAX PLANE BSC 0.35
0.35 MIN 0
11-01-2010-A

COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS MO-178-AA

Figure 37. 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package [SOT-23]


(RJ-5)
Dimensions shown in millimeters

Rev. H | Page 18 of 19
Data Sheet TMP35/TMP36/TMP37
0.165 (4.19)
0.210 (5.33) 0.145 (3.68)
0.190 (4.83) 0.125 (3.18)
0.0220 (0.56) 0.1150 (2.92)
0.170 (4.32) 0.055 (1.40)
0.0185 (0.47) 0.0975 (2.48)
0.0150 (0.38) 0.050 (1.27)
0.0800 (2.03)
0.045 (1.15)
3
0.205 (5.21)
0.190 (4.83) 2
0.175 (4.45) 0.105 (2.68)
1
0.100 (2.54)
0.020 (0.51)
FRONT VIEW 0.095 (2.42)
0.500 (12.70) MIN 0.017 (0.43)
0.014 (0.36)
SEATING BOTTOM VIEW
PLANE

COMPLIANT TO JEDEC STANDARDS TO-226-AA


CONTROLLING DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES; MILLIMETER DIMENSIONS

042208-A
(IN PARENTHESES) ARE ROUNDED-OFF EQUIVALENTS FOR
REFERENCE ONLY AND ARE NOT APPROPRIATE FOR USE IN DESIGN.

Figure 38. 3-Pin Plastic Header-Style Package [TO-92]


(T-3-1)
Dimensions shown in inches and (millimeters)

ORDERING GUIDE
Accuracy at Linear Operating Package
Model 1, 2 25C (C max) Temperature Range Package Description Option Branding
TMP35FSZ-REEL 2.0 10C to 125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP35GRTZ-REEL7 3.0 10C to 125C 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package (SOT-23) RJ-5 #T11
TMP35GT9Z 3.0 10C to 125C 3-Pin Plastic Header-Style Package (TO-92) T-3-1
ADW75001Z-0REEL7 3.0 40C to +125C 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package (SOT-23) RJ-5 #T6G
TMP36FS 2.0 40C to +125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP36FS-REEL 2.0 40C to +125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP36FSZ 2.0 40C to +125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP36FSZ-REEL 2.0 40C to +125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP36GRT-REEL7 3.0 40C to +125C 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package (SOT-23) RJ-5 T6G
TMP36GRTZ-REEL7 3.0 40C to +125C 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package (SOT-23) RJ-5 #T6G
TMP36GSZ 3.0 40C to +125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP36GSZ-REEL 3.0 40C to +125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP36GSZ-REEL7 3.0 40C to +125C 8-Lead Standard Small Outline Package (SOIC_N) R-8
TMP36GT9 3.0 40C to +125C 3-Pin Plastic Header-Style Package (TO-92) T-3-1
TMP36GT9Z 3.0 40C to +125C 3-Pin Plastic Header-Style Package (TO-92) T-3-1
TMP36-PT7 40C to +125C Chips or Die
TMP37FT9Z 2.0 5C to 100C 3-Pin Plastic Header-Style Package (TO-92) T-3-1
TMP37GRTZ-REEL7 3.0 5C to 100C 5-Lead Small Outline Transistor Package (SOT-23) RJ-5 #T12
1
Z = RoHS Compliant Part.
2
W = Qualified for Automotive Applications.

AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS
The ADW75001Z-0REEL7 model is available with controlled manufacturing to support the quality and reliability requirements of
automotive applications. Note that this automotive model may have specifications that differ from the commercial models; therefore,
designers should review the Specifications section of this data sheet carefully. Only automotive grade products shown are available for use
in automotive applications. Contact your local Analog Devices account representative for specific product ordering information and to
obtain the specific Automotive Reliability reports for these models.

19962015 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and


registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
D00337-0-5/15(H)

Rev. H | Page 19 of 19

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