OCEANS

Presented By:
Aashna Bhatia
VI - A
1. Indian Ocean 2. Atlantic Ocean 3. Pacific Ocean
4. Arctic Ocean 5. Southern Ocean
INDIAN OCEAN
 INDIAN OCEAN FACTS
The Indian Ocean borders Asia, Africa, Australia and the Southern Ocean (Antarctica).
It is the world's third largest ocean covering an area of 28,350,000 square miles. It is
estimated that the volume of the Indian Ocean is approximately 292,131,000 cubic
miles. Ancient Sanskrit literature refers to the Indian Ocean as Ratnakara which
means 'the creator of jewels'. The Indian Ocean covers 1/5th of the earth's surface,
connecting 18 Asian countries, 16 African countries, and 57 island groups. The Indian
Ocean is he warmest of the world's ocean, and because of its temperature it has
limited ability to support sea life.

Interesting Indian Ocean Facts:

During the 'age of discovery' in the 1500s the Indian Ocean was being
explored by sailors to find a route around Africa. It was already an important
trade route for silk trade.
In the early 19th century the Indian Ocean was mostly dominated by the
United Kingdom but Australia and India soon dominated as the British
Empire declined in the region.
There is a 5,000km long mountain range called the Ninety East Ridge that
divides the Indian Ocean into east and west regions.
The fact that the Indian Ocean is landlocked to its north by Asia it is
considered to be a closed ocean in comparison to the other oceans of the
world.
The Indian Ocean has the lowest and highest recorded surface salinity
levels.
ATLANTIC OCEAN
 ATLANTIC OCEAN FACTS
The Atlantic Ocean borders on North America, South America, Europe,
and Africa. It is the world's second largest ocean, while the Pacific
Ocean is the largest. The Atlantic Ocean covers approximately 1/5th of
the surface of the earth and covers approximately 29% of the world's
water surface area. The Atlantic Ocean is the world's richest fishing
waters and it also contains rich natural gas and oil deposits.

Interesting Atlantic Ocean Facts:

The Atlantic Ocean formed during the Jurassic Period.
The first ocean to be crossed by an airplane was the Atlantic Ocean. It
was also the first ocean to be crossed by a ship.
The first ship to cross the Atlantic Ocean with passengers on board was
the Cunard Line, in the 1850s.The first woman to fly solo across the
Atlantic Ocean (or any ocean) was Amelia Earhart, in 1928.The island
Greenland is the largest island in the world and is located in the Atlantic
Ocean.
The Atlantic Ocean is almost 6.5 times the size of the United States.
The 'Roaring Forties' refers to the huge waves and strong winds in the
South Atlantic.
Northern Europe's ports are usually kept free of ice because of the
warm Gulf Stream in the Atlantic Ocean.
PACIFIC OCEAN
 PACIFIC OCEAN FACTS
The Pacific Ocean is the world's largest ocean, covering 63.8 million
square miles of area. The Pacific Ocean accounts for approximately 46%
of the earth's water surface area. The last ocean that the Europeans
discovered was the Pacific Ocean. A Spanish explorer named Balboa is
believed to be the first European to discover the Pacific Ocean, on
September 25th, 1513. The Pacific Ocean extends from Asia and
Australia to the Americas, and from the Arctic Ocean in the north to
Antarctica in the south. The Pacific Ocean is so vast that it covers more
area than all land masses in the world combined.
Interesting Pacific Ocean Facts:
The name Pacific originates from the Latin word 'pace' which means peace.
Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese explorer, named the ocean 'mar pacifico'
in 1521, which means peaceful sea.
In 1883 it erupted and killed at least 36,380 people.
Off the coasts of Japan, Australia, Panama, Nicaragua, the Philippines,
and Papua New Guinea, pearls are harvested.
Fishing for tuna, swordfish, snapper, sardines, salmon, herring and
shellfish is popular in the Pacific Ocean's waters.
There is a large amount of marine debris and pollution in the Pacific
Ocean, all the result of people.
ARCTIC OCEAN
 ARCTIC OCEAN FACTS
The Arctic Ocean is the smallest and the shallowest of the world's five major oceans.
It is located in the Northern Hemisphere and is almost completely surrounded by
North America and Eurasia, including the countries of Russia, Norway, Iceland,
Greenland, Canada and the United States.

Interesting Arctic Ocean Facts:

The Arctic Ocean encompasses an area of 5,427,000 square miles. This is almost
the same size as Russia.
The North Pole is located in the Arctic Circle.
Three types of ice cover the Arctic Ocean including polar ice, fast ice, and pack ice.
Polar ice doesn't melt and can be as thin as 2 meters in the summer and 50
meters thick in the winter months.
The ice located at the edge of the polar ice is called pack ice, which only freezes
completely in the winter.
Fast ice is the ice that forms during the winter around the pack ice and land around
the Arctic Ocean.
SOUTHERN
OCEAN
 SOUTHERN OCEAN FACTS
The Southern Ocean is comprised of the most southern ocean water of
the world and is also referred to as the Antarctic Ocean, South Polar
Ocean, and the Great Southern Ocean. This ocean surrounds Antarctica
and is the fourth largest of the five oceans of the world. The Southern
Ocean encompasses an area of approximately 35 million square
kilometers.
Interesting Southren Ocean Facts:
The Southern Ocean was originally explored because of a belief in a
continent that balanced the northern continents, called a Terra
Australis.
The Southern Ocean encompasses the South Pole.
The world's largest penguin species the emperor penguin lives on the
ice of the Southern Ocean and on the Antarctica continent.
Wandering albatrosses also make the Southern Ocean their home.
The summer season in the Southern Ocean runs from October to
February while the winter season runs from March to September.
Krill are tiny shrimp-like creatures that live in the freezing water under
the Antarctic's ice.
Military activity in the Southern Ocean is restricted, by treaty, to
scientific research.
WITHOUT OCEANS
LIFE ON EARTH
CAN NOT EXIST

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