UK Spectrum Policy Forum

Cluster 1 - Workshop on Frequencies up to 100GHz, and above

16 March 2017

https://www.techuk.org/about/uk-spectrum-policy-forum | @UK_SPF | #UKSPF

Agenda

Chair: Janette Stewart, Principal, Analysys Mason and Chair of Cluster 1

Introduction and welcome

Janette Stewart, Cluster 1 Chair

Vision and future use of high millimetre-wave bands

Debora Gentina, Senior Marketing Manager, Huawei

Millimetre-wave equipment and antenna trends, and challenges of opening up higher

bands
Peter Curnow-Ford, Viatec and Chair of SPF Cluster 2

Microwave Backhaul Evolution Reaching Beyond 100GHz

Jonas Edstam, Wireless Strategy Manager at Business Unit Network Products, Ericsson

Group discussion (All)

Next steps

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Introduction and welcome
Janette Stewart, Principal, Analysys Mason and Chair of Cluster 1

https://www.techuk.org/about/uk-spectrum-policy-forum | @UK_SPF | #UKSPF

Vision and future use of high
millimetre-wave bands
London, 16 March 2017

Debora Gentina
Huawei - Senior Marketing Manager
ETSI ISG mWT WI#8 Rapporteur

4
Towards a Super-Connected World

Abundant Spectrum Availability is a Key Factor towards 5G

5
Backhaul topology evolution Network topology change
Network densification
RAN sharing and operators consolidation
Fiber penetration from core to edge

6
Backhaul topology evolution Network topology change
Network densification
RAN sharing and operators consolidation
Fiber penetration from core to edge

Shorter networks and shorter hops

wireless backhaul pushed at the periphery
Star topologies from the fiber aggregation point

90% of distances is less than 10km

>10km
10%
5-10km
20% 0-3km
46%

3-5km
24% Source : Huawei

New network topology drives backhaul to the higher part of the spectrum 7
Backhaul - MW & mmW Frequency Bands Use in EU

26 GHz: migration to 23 GHz or 32 GHz

38 GHz: replacement by E-band
Source: Huawei internal analysis 42 GHz: replacement by E-band
mmW: enabler of spectrum decongestion and higher throughput

Necessity of new, holistic approach to backhaul spectrum efficiently 8

Holistic approach to the use of spectrum: Band & Channel Aggregation
Capacity increase by using traditional MW bands is limited due to narrowband channels & congestion
Necessity, and opportunity, to look at the spectrum in a new way aggregating non adjacent channels:
either in the same band (channel aggregation)
or in separate bands exploiting
different propagation characteristics
different licensing schemes

Example of band aggregation combining on

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
the100same link a 55 MHz channel @18 GHz
and a 500 MHz channel @E-Band

6 7/8 1113 15 18 23 26 28 32 38 42 GHz 50 55 57 66 GHz 71 86 GHz 92 95 GHz

99.9% 10.2h
Supplement
Around 500 Mbit/s with for Data Provided by E-band
highest availability 99.9% 99.9%
Data
99.975% 2.2h
Golden Layer Sum of IP MW & E-Band

Around 5 Gbit/s with 99.999% 5.3m

99.999%
Voice,
lower availability Critical Data IP MW Capacity

Reliability / Down Time Per year Note: the link works as a single fat pipe

9
mmW Spectrum
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300

6L/6U7/8 11131518 2326 28 32 38 40 - 43 52 55 57 - 64 71GHz - 86GHz 92 GHz 114.5 GHz 130 GHz 174.5 GHz 191.8 GHz 275 GHz

mmW already available : V-band & E-band New mmW Spectrum coming: D-band & W-band
60 70 80
Frequency Bands
92-94

W
94.1-95
57 66 GHz 71 86 GHz
95-100
102-109.5
111.8-114.25 Very high capacity BH (nx10Gbps)
122,25 - 123 Front-haul
130-134
Next.... Is WiGig going outdoor? Fixed Wireless Access

D
141-148.5
151.5-164

Coexistence of FS and SRD? 167-174.8

191.8-200
209-226
231.5-235

10
V-band and the WiGig potential
V-band applications perspective might be less favorable to FS BH if Wigig goes outdoor:
Small-cell BH architecture didnt really take-off
WiGig outdoor is already supported by FCC regulations in US and also under discussion in ECC

FCC allows WiGig outdoor (Part 15-Section 255):

FCC extended the range up to 71 GHz, allowing 14 GHz, license exempt, of spectrum (57-71 GHz)
FCC doesnt make difference between indoor & outdoor requirements (they have SRD or Fixed req.)
In FCC the regulations for SRD (indoor/outdoor) is on the limitation of EIRP of maximum allowed 40 dBm
For outdoor fixed P-P the EIRP limitation can either be 40 dBm for antenna gain up to 30 dBi or up to 82 dBm
for higher antenna gain up to 51 dBi
No antenna mask compliance is required

ECC/CEPT proposition on WiGig:

CEPT 5G Forum Mainz November 2016
ECC: feasibility of partition of the spectrum between FS approach in 57-59 GHz & better harmonisation
approach in Rec. 70-03 for the spectrum above 59 GHz
11
D-band Standardization Activities

Dedicated ETSI ISG mWT Work Item #8 for W & D-band Application & Use cases
Dedicated CEPT ECC SE19 Work Items #37 and #38 for W & D-band Spectrum channellization
WI on harmonized standard to be open in ETSI TM4 for W & D-band Equipment

12
ETSI ISG mWT WI#8: D-band for 4.5G and 5G
Very high capacity leveraging on wide bandwidth H2O
with more than 30 GHz of spectrum available
Backhaul and Front-haul of 4.5G and 5G
O2

O2

Extreme low power leveraging on very high

frequency, allowing very compact antennas and form factor H2O

FWA, safe cities, ultra dense scenarios

Rain attenuation of D-band is around 2 dB larger than E-band and almost flat

D-band can meet expectations of ultra-high capacity for 4.5G & 5G 13

From first Huawei D-band Prototype (September 2016)

QPSK
BW=750 MHz
Capacity: 1Gbps error free

D-band Prototype

14
 to first Huawei D-band Outdoor Link @ Polimi

After almost six months

since it was installed

Good correlation between link

behavior and atmospheric conditions

15
Conclusions
New abundant spectrum in mm-wave pushes to focus investments

The allocation of spectrum for 5G must consider the needs of the operators for backhaul,
current (3G & 4G) and future (5G) from rural to dense urban

The allocation of spectrum for 5G cannot be separated by the allocation of sufficient and
suitable spectrum to deploy the backhaul network

Necessity of new, holistic approach to backhaul spectrum (BCA, wider channels)

Explore V-band and WiGig potential

Spectrum usage and appropriate channelization & regulations of D-band are envisaged to
facilitate the deployment of high capacity backhaul systems

Regulations remain the critical success factor as it was for E-band 16

Thank You.
Copyright2016 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.
The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without
limitation, statements regarding the future financial and operating results, future product
portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual
results and developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the
predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for reference purpose
only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the
information at any time without notice.
UK SPF Cluster 1 Frequencies up to 100GHz, and above Mar 16th, 17

Peter Curnow-Ford, Chair Cluster 2 + CEO Viatec Associates bit.ly/UK_SPF | @UK_SPF | #UKSPF
 mmWave Equipment, antenna trends and challenges of opening up higher bands

Topics

mmWave technology background

Future Access, Backhaul and Fixed Wireless
mmWave Equipment
60 & 70/80GHz (V-Band and E-Band)
W-Band, D-Band
Antenna developments
Silicon, SiGe, CMOS
Future Challenges

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mmWave Technology background

Historically
Old SDH, ATM, E1 and STM equipment
Very reliable
Cost effective equipment
Expensive license fees
Mainly PtP
Plumbing
7GHz, 13GHz, 15GHz, 23/24GHz, 28GHz, 32GHz, 38GHz, 40GHz
Many bands now at capacity
In-efficient Class 2 Antenna, need Class 3 and 4 upgrade
Many at end of life
Large percentage non-IP
Mostly narrow band

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Future Access, Backhaul and Fixed Wireless

Access (60GHz)
WiGig , indoor, large BW, <5Gbps, 10m range
CEPT notes a lack of interest above 66GHz for 5G
Backhaul (eg 60GHz and 70/80GHz, poss 143GHz)
Macro cell 2Gbps/site, <5km, <1ms, PtP LoS, auto alignment
Small cell 1Gbps/site, <500m, <1ms, PtP/PmP/LoS/NLoS, auto
alignment
Fronthaul (90GHz and 143GHz)
Macro cell 20 to 60Gbps/site, <100uS, auto alignment
Small cell 2 to 10Gbps, <100uS, auto alignment
Fixed Wireless Access (60GHz, 5G, >90GHz)
60GHz, WttH (1-10Gbps, <300m), WttC (10-40Gbps, 1 to 3km), urban,
suburban, clustered rural, PtP/PmP, LoS/NLoS
90GHz, Fixed Wireless, Enterprise and WttC

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 mmWave Equipment

60GHz

70/80GHz

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Plum 2016 22
60GHz & 70/80GHz Equipment

Equipment vendors 60GHz

Ceragon, 1.25Gbps, 99.999%, <50S latency
Bridgewave, GE60, opt 100Mbps backup, range <1.25miles
Ericsson 6351, outdoor
Huawei RTN360, 400Mbps
Sub 10 Systems Liberator V1000 Dual Port, compact form factor
NEC iPASOLINK SX
Siklu MultiHaul Series, 2.3Gbps, beamforming, auto alignment, PtMP

Equipment vendors 70/80GHz

Bridgewave GE80, 1.25Gbps, range <4miles
SIAE ALFOPLUS80HD, 1.25Gbps, etc
Ericsson Fronthaul 6352, 6392 backhaul/fronthaul
Huawei RTN380, 4Gbps
Dragonwave Harmony Eband, 4Gbps
NEC iPASOLINK EX Advanced, 10Gbps
Siklu EtherHaul-5500FD, 5Gbps,10uS
Intracom UltraLink-FX80

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Plum 2016 23
W-Band (92 114.5GHz) & D-Band (130 174.5GHz)

Technology and developments

W-Band
A lot of work in and around radar but little else

D-band
Huawei, Nov 16 first D-Band outdoor link test, 340m, 148GHz/156GHz
Ericsson, trial at 143Ghz with 40Gbps throughput
Ceragon, show range of 500m with same antenna size and system
gain as E-Band wider channels in W and D bands > longer range or
higher bandwidth

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Plum 2016 24
Antenna Developments

Antenna developments
Auto alignment to reduce cost of installation and setup
Dynamic alignment to maintain high order modulation, redundancy
Pt to pt and pt to mpt
Technology
Electronically steered higher losses, costs, medium efficient
Mechanically steered efficient, low loss, low cost unless high gain
Elect/mech steered compromise to offset above
MIMO, Massive MIMO, phased arrays
Gain >30dBi to create small beams, less interference, range < 400m
WiGig 60GHz integrated antenna arrays size constrained by IC
range <10m yet low cost, high volume
ETSI ISG mWT #9 - beamsteering

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Silicon, SiGe, CMOS, etc

Chips!
Silicon
SiGe
Proven but expensive, 7+ years of m/f
SiGe BiCMOS
Good integration, low cost, up to 175GHz
RF-CMOS
Low cost, >5 years, integration, low power, high volume needed
GaAs
Expensive, low-med volumes, linear, power efficiency, up to 160GHz
FD SOI
High integration, low power, high wafer cost
GaN
High power, high frequency
InP

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Future Challenges

Challenges
>50GHz need new construction techniques
No connectors, PCBs or just chips, compact, design tools
Power amplifiers, Beamformers, packaging, heat
60GHz and above interference in dense urban backhaul
deployment, between outdoor WiGig and backhaul
60GHz regulations, US FCC +ve, EU CEPT/ETSI ve, 10:1 cost
advantage on links with FCC rules with no fixed gain limits
Costs
mmWave is not low cost
How to get to volume new packaging
Energy
High data rates = power
Chips
10Gbps modem needs 2 TeraOP/s processing for baseband, support
1m+ packets/s for 5Gbps today

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MICROWAVE BACKHAUL
BEYOND 100GHZ

Jonas Edstam
Future use of spectrum for microwave backhaul

Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 29
Frequency bands and atmospheric attenuation beyond 100GHz

Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 30
Realistic capacity versus channel bandwidth

Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 31
Maximum hop length versus total system gain at 155GHz

Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 32
D band transceiver module

Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 33
Measured bit error rate at 143GHz versus received signal power

Inset shows measured constellation

diagram at 4GBaud and 16QAM
modulation for in total 16Gbps

Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 34
D band radio prototype & visionary design

Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 35
Reaching beyond 100GHz

Ericsson Technology Review article published Feb 21

Ongoing work in W and D bands will be able to support

capacities in the 5 to 100Gbps range, over distances up to
a few kilometers

Will require similar efforts as for E-band; several years of

research and development, work with spectrum regulation,
and to go through several technology and product
generations.

We expect to see the large-scale deployment of beyond

100GHz solutions in 2025 to 2030.
https://www.ericsson.com/assets/local/publications/ericsson-
technology-review/docs/2017/etr-beyond-100ghz.pdf
Microwave backhaul beyond 100GHz | Commercial in confidence | Ericsson AB 2017 | 2017-03-03 | Page 36
Group discussion and next steps

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