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World Meteorological Organization, WMO

0.3 0.6

1990
1990 Second World Climate Conference

UN General Assembly
1990
Intergovemmental Negotiating Committee for a Framework Convention on Climate
ChangeINC/FCCC
1991 2 4 14
5
150 1992 5 9
the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change, UNFCCC, FCCC

1992 6 the United Nations on


Environment and Development, UNCED,
155 1993 12 21 50
1994 3 21 180

26 2 Annex I Annex II

OECD
Annex Inon-
Annex I
1. 41
1 2000 CO2 1990

2

3Annex II

OECD 24
2.non-Annex I

1
2National Communication

1.

3.1

2.

3.2

3.
3.3

4.
3.4 3.5

Conference of Parties, COP

INC
6
1995 3

COP1


1995 3 28 4 7

24
2000 1990

1990
Berlin Mandate 2000


Subsidiary Body for Implementation, SBI
Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice,
SBSTA
Ad Hoc Group of the Berlin MandateAGBM

COP2

1996 7 8 19
158 7 86


United Nations Environment Programme, UNEP
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Chang, IPCC Second
Assessment Report, SAR IPCC


IPCC

COP3


2000
1990 IPCC

1997 12 1 11
160 250

11 13


28 AB

1.
39
2008 2012 1990 5%
8%
7% 6%
10%8%1%

2. CO2 CH4 N2O 1990


HFCsPFCs SF6 1995

3.

4.

5. 55 1990 CO2
55% 90

COP4

1998 11 2 11 13
170 22 15
19

14


Buenos Aires Plan of Action, BAPA

COP6

COP5

1999 10 25 11 5
163 11 213
4188 60


COP6

11 5
22

1.

2002

COP6

2.

2000 11 13 24 The
Hague COP6

3.

4.

2000 1 31

5.compliance system

12


Joint Working Group on Compliance

6.
IPCC
HFCPFC


1.

2.

G77

1.

medium-developed country

2.

3.Global Environmental Facility, GEF


1. 2002

2. 1997

1. 2002

2.

3. 2005 1990 25%


2000

1. 2002

2. COP6

3.

1.
2008~2012 Business-As-Usual, BAU
2%~10%

2.

1.

2. 1998
National Action Plan

1.

2.

1.

2. GDP

OPEC

1. OPEC

2.


2002


G77





6 Joint Implementation,
JI 12 Clean Development Mechanism, CDM
17 Emissions Trading, ET



ceiling COP6 G77

naturescope

G77 host






G77

23

G77 know how



AIJ



AIJ
AIJ ODA
GEF

compliance system

G77

COP6

policy and measures


G77
1990

24


2002
2002

2002

1990 1 4900
83% 15% 2%

1990
78% 1 1300
159 27 0.5%
5.54 126 35 )1996
1 7400 135 24
0.8% 8.11 35

1992 1992
1994 8
1997

1998 5 26 27

1999 8 5
2640


2020
55
20 25

1997

McGill Malcolm Cook


) Export Oriented
Industrialization, EOI) (Newly
Industrialized Countries, NICs)

2000 2020

OECD 1990 CO2


12.14
8% 11.16 1995 OECD
11.08 OECD



11 2003
1997 1997
9
10 10
2000 2000

2000
10%
10%

2000 10%
11.11 OECD
24 6300 2000

10 10%
9.09 20 1500
OECD 9.35 1997

2008 2012
2003 2005
2005 15 (2020 )

2015 2025
()
2015
2025

2020
GDP 5.9 3.5 2010 16%
2020 28%LNG 2010 1300 2020
1600
19~20%
4800


2020 5 100 Business
as Usual, BAU 2 9700 2 2300
2000 7400

United Nations Conference on Trade


and Development, UNCTAD
2008
B



private and public entities

(Early Action)(Learning by Doing)



UNCTADUNEPUNIDO

uni-lateralbi-lateralmulti-lateral

Broker



1.Execute Board

2.Operational Entities

3.Certified Emission Reductions, CERs



UNCTAD

World
Business Council for Sustainable DevelopmentInternational
Petroleum ExchangeInternational Emissions
Trading Association1999 10
29

carbon investment fund

1996

,1998

bi-lateral CDM
IGES,1999

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