2007 Advanced Placement Chemistry

Examination
Section II Free Response Questions
Beginning with the 2007 examination, the numerical problems, 1, 2, and 3, are Part A. Students may use a
calculator for this part (55 minutes). Part B (40 minutes) is the three reactions question (predict the
products of a reaction, balance, and answer a short question regarding the reaction) and the two theory
questions. A laboratory question could be in either part A or B. NO calculator is allowed in part B.

* * * Part A * * *
Time55minutes

YOUMAYUSEYOURCALCULATORFORPARTA.

CLEARLY SHOW THE METHOD USED AND STEPS INVOLVED IN ARRIVING AT YOUR
ANSWERS.Itistoyouradvantagetodothis,becauseyoumayearnpartialcreditifyoudoandyouwill
receivelittleornocreditifyoudonot.Attentionshouldbepaidtosignificantfigures.Besuretowriteall
youranswerstothequestionsonthelinedpagesfollowingeachquestioninthisbooklet.

AnswerQuestion1,2,and3.TheSectionIIscoreweightingforeachquestionis20percent.

2007 A
HF(aq)+H2O(l)H3O+(aq)+F(aq) Ka=7.2104
1.Hydrofluoricacid,HF(aq),dissociatesinwaterasrepresentedbytheequationabove.
(a) WritetheequilibriumconstantexpressionforthedissociationofHF(aq)inwater.
(b) CalculatethemolarconcentrationofH3O+ina0.40MHF(aq)solution.
HF(aq)reactswithNaOH(aq)accordingtothereactionrepresentedbelow.

HF(aq)+OH(aq)H2O(l)+F(aq)
Avolumeof15mLof0.40MNaOH(aq)isaddedto25mLof0.40MHF(aq)solution.Assumethatvolumesare
additive.
(c) CalculatethenumberofmolesofHF(aq)remaininginthesolution.
(d) CalculatethemolarconcentrationofF(aq)inthesolution.
(e) CalculatethepHofthesolution.
Answer:
[H 3O+ ][F-]
(a) K a =
[HF]
(b) letX=[H3O+]=[F];let(0.40X)=[HF]
Questions copyright 2007 by The College Board, Princeton, NJ 08541. All rights reserved. For face-to-face teaching purposes,
classroom teachers are permitted to reproduce the questions. Answers copyright 2007 by Unlimited Potential, Framingham, MA 01701-2619
1
 (X)(X)
7.2104= ;X=1.7102=[H3O+]
(0.40X)
(c) (0.40M)(15mL)= 6.0mmolOHneutralizesandequalnumberofmolesofHF
(0.40M
)(25mL)=

10
.mmolHF
4.0mmolHFremains(or0.0040mol)
(d) 6.0mmolOHproduces6.0mmolofF,froma1:1stoichiometryintheequation
6.0mmolF
nowin40.mLofsolution,[F]= =0.15M
40.mL
4.0mmolHF (X)(0.15)
(e) =0.10MHF;letX=[H3O+];7.2104= ;X=4.8104
40.mL (0.10 X )

pH=log[H3O+]=log(4.8104)=3.32

2007 A

N2(g)+3F2(g)2NF3(g) H 298
o
=264kJmol1; S298
o
=278JK1mol1

2. Thefollowingquestionsrelatetothesynthesisreactionrepresentedbythechemicalequationinthebox
above.

(a) Calculatethevalueofthestandardfreeenergychange, G298

o
forthereaction.

(b) Determinethetemperatureatwhichtheequilibriumconstant,Keq,forthereactionisequalto1.00.(Assume
thatHandSareindependentoftemperature.)
(c) Calculatethestandardenthalpychange,H,thatoccurswhena0.256molsampleofNF3(g) isformed
fromN2(g)andF2(g)at1.00atmand298K.
Theenthalpychangeinachemicalreactionisthedifferencebetweenenergyabsorbedinbreakingbondsinthe
reactantsandenergyreleasedbybondformationintheproducts.
(d) HowmanybondsareformedwhentwomoleculesofNF3areproducedaccordingtotheequationinthebox
above?
(e) Useboththeinformationintheboxaboveandthetableofaveragebondenthalpiesbelowtocalculatethe
averageenthalpyoftheFFbond.

AverageBondEnthalpy
Bond
(kJmol1)
NN 946
NF 272
FF ?

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Answer:
(a) G=HTS=264kJmol1(298K)(0.278kJK1mol1)=181kJ
(b) atequilibrium,G=0;0=HTS=264kJmol1(T)(0.278kJK1mol1)
T=950.K
(c) H=(0.256mol)(264kJmol1)/2=33.8kJ
(d) 6
(e) 264=(6)(272)+[(946)+(3)(FF)];FF=141kJmol1

2007 A

3. Anexternaldirectcurrentpowersupplyisconnectedtotwoplatinumelectrodesimmersedinabeaker
containing1.0MCuSO4(aq)at25C,asshowninthediagramabove.Asthecelloperates,coppermetalis
depositedontooneelectrodeandO2(g)isproducedattheotherelectrode.Thetworeductionhalfreactions
fortheoverallreactionthatoccursinthecellareshowninthetablebelow.

HalfReaction E0(V)
O2(g)+4H+(aq)+4e2H2O(l) +1.23

Cu2+(aq)+2eCu(s) +0.34

(a) Onthediagram,indicatethedirectionofelectronflowinthewire.
(b) Writeabalancednetionicequationfortheelectrolysisreactionthatoccursinthecell.
(c) PredictthealgebraicsignofGforthereaction.Justifyyourprediction.
(d) CalculatethevalueofGforthereaction.
Anelectriccurrentof1.50ampspassesthroughthecellfor40.0minutes.
(e) Calculatethemass,ingrams,oftheCu(s)thatisdepositedontheelectrode.
(f) Calculatethedryvolume,inlitersmeasuredat25Cand1.16atm,oftheO2(g)thatisproduced.
Answer:
(a) fromtherighttotheleft
(b) 2Cu2+(aq)+2H2O(l)2Cu(s)+O2(g)+4H+(aq)
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(c) +,anonspontaneousreactionthatrequirestheinputofenergytotakeplace
(d) E=+0.34v+(1.23v)=0.89v;G=nE=(4)(96500)(0.89)=343540J=340kJ

1mole 1 m olCu 63.55 g

(e) (1.50amps)(2400sec)=3600coul.;3600coul. =1.19gCu
96500coul 2 m ole - 1 m olCu
(f) 1.19gCu=0.187molCu;usinga2:1ratiofromequationinpart(b),thisgives0.00933molO2

nRT (0.00933 m ol)(0.0821 mLol

gatm
)(298 K)
V= = gK
=0.197LO2
P 1.16 atm

* * * Part B * * *
Time40minutes

NOCALCULATORSMAYBEUSEDFORPARTB.

AnswerQuestion4below.TheSectionIIscoreweightingforthisquestionis10percent.

2007
4. Foreachofthefollowingthreereactions,inpart(i)writeabalancedequationforthereactionandinpart
(ii)answerthequestionaboutthereaction.Inpart(i),coefficientsshouldbeintermsoflowestwhole
numbers.Assumethatsolutionsareaqueousunlessotherwiseindicated.Representsubstancesinsolutions
as ions if the substances are extensively ionized. Omit formulas for any ions or molecules that are
unchangedbythereaction.Youmayusetheemptyspaceatthebottomofthenextpageforscratchwork,
butonlyequationsthatarewrittenintheanswerboxesprovidedwillbegraded.
(a) Asolutionofsodiumhydroxideisaddedtoasolutionoflead(II)nitrate.
(i) Balancedequation:
(ii) If1.0Lvolumesof1.0Msolutionsofsodiumhydroxideandlead (II)nitratearemixedtogether,how
manymolesofproduct(s)willbeproduced?Assumethereactiongoestocompletion.
(b) Excessnitricacidisaddedtosolidcalciumcarbonate.
(i) Balancedequation:
(ii) Brieflyexplainwhystatuesmadeofmarble(calciumcarbonate)displayedoutdoorsinurbanareasare
deteriorating.
(c) Asolutioncontainingsilver(I)ion(anoxidizingagent)ismixedwithasolutioncontainingiron (II)ion(a
reducingagent).
(i) Balancedequation:
(ii) Ifthecontentsofthereactionmixturedescribedabovearefiltered,whatsubstance(s),ifany,would
remainonthefilterpaper.
Answer:
(a) (i)2OH+Pb2+Pb(OH)2
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classroom teachers are permitted to reproduce the questions. Answers copyright 2007 by Unlimited Potential, Framingham, MA 01701-2619
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 (ii) Sincehydroxide:leadhydroxideisina2:1ratio,thenmolproductisproduced
(b) (i) 2H++CaCO3Ca2++H2O+CO2
(ii) Themarbleisdissolved(andreactswith)bytheacidrainintheurbanenvironment
(c) (i) Ag++Fe2+Ag+Fe3+
(ii)solidsilver

AnswerQuestion5andQuestion6.TheSectionIIscoreweightingforthesequestionsis15percenteach.

Yourresponsestothesequestionswillbegradedonthebasisoftheaccuracyandrelevanceoftheinformation
cited.Explanationsshouldbeclearandwellorganized.Examplesandequationsmaybeincludedinyour
responseswhereappropriate.Specificanswersarepreferabletobroad,diffuseresponses.

2007 B
5Fe2+(aq)+MnO4(aq)+8H+(aq)5Fe3+(aq)+Mn2+(aq)+4H2O(l)
5. Themasspercentofironinasolubleiron (II)compoundismeasuredusingatitrationbasedonthebalanced
equationabove.
(a) Whatistheoxidationnumberofmanganeseinthepermanganateion,MnO4(aq)?
(b) Identifythereducingagentinthereactionrepresentedabove.
Themassofasampleoftheiron (II)compoundiscarefullymeasuredbeforethesampleisdissolvedindistilled
water.TheresultingsolutionisacidifiedwithH 2SO4(aq).ThesolutionisthentitratedwithMnO 4(aq)untilthe
endpointisreached.
(c) Describethecolorchangethatoccursintheflaskwhentheendpointofthetitrationhasbeenreached.
Explainwhythecolorofthesolutionchangesattheendpoint.
(d) Letthevariablesg,M,andVbedefinedasfollows:
g=themass,ingrams,ofthesampleoftheiron(II)compound
M=themolarityoftheMnO4(aq)usedasthetitrant
V=thevolume,inliters,ofMnO4(aq)addedtoreachtheendpoint
Intermsofthesevariables,thenumberofmolesofMnO 4(aq)addedtoreachtheendpointofthetitrationis
expressedas M x V. Usingthevariablesdefinedabove,themolarmassofiron(55.85gmol 1),andthe
coefficientsinthebalancedchemicalequation,writetheexpressionforeachofthefollowingquantities
(i) Thenumberofmolesofironinthesample
(ii) Themassofironinthesample,ingrams
(iii) Themasspercentofironinthecompound
(e) Whateffectwilladdingtoomuchtitranthaveontheexperimentallydeterminedvalueofthemasspercent
ofironinthecompound?Justifyyouranswer.
Answer:
(a) +7
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(b) Fe2+
(c) oncetheendpointisreached,thepinkpurplepermanganatetitrantisnolongerbeingreduced(youhave
runoutofiron(II)ions)andthesolutionwillremainafaintpink
(d) (i)MV5
(ii)MV555.85
M V 5 55.85
(iii) 100
g
(e) toobig;Vwouldbetoolargeandtheexpressioninpart(d)(iii)wouldproducealargerthanexpectedvalue.

2007 B
6. Answerthefollowingquestions,whichpertaintobinarycompounds.
(a) Intheboxprovidedbelow,drawacompleteLewiselectrondotdiagramfortheIF3molecule.
(b) OnthebasisoftheLewiselectrondotdiagramthatyoudrewinpart(a),predictthemoleculargeometryof
theIF3molecule.
(c) IntheSO2 molecule,bothofthebondsbetweensulfurandoxygenhavethesamelength.Explainthis
observation,supportingyourexplanationbydrawingintheboxbelowaLewiselectrondotdiagram(or
diagrams)fortheSO2molecule.
(d) OnthebasisofyourLewiselectrondotdiagram(s)inpart(c),identifythehybridizationofthesulfuratom
intheSO2molecule.
ThereactionbetweenSO2(g)andO2(g)toformSO3(g)isrepresentedbelow.
2SO2(g)+O2(g)2SO3(g)
Thereactionisexothermic.Thereactionisslowat25C;however,acatalystwillcausethereactiontoproceed
faster.
(e) Using the axes provided, draw the complete potentialenergy diagram for both the catalyzed and
uncatalyzedreactions.Clearlylabelthecurvethatrepresentsthecatalyzedreaction.

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 PSO2
(f) Predict how the ratio of the equilibrium pressures, , would change when the temperature of the
PSO3
uncatalyzedreactionmixtureisincreased.Justifyyourprediction.
(g) Howwouldthepresenceofacatalystaffectthechangeintheratiodescribedinpart(f)?Explain.

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Answer:

(a)

(b) Tshaped

(c) SO2isaresonancestructurethatswitchesbetweenthetwoformsandevens

outthebondlength
(d) sp2

(e)

(f) Sincethereactionisexothermic,anincreaseintemperaturewouldcauseaLeChteliershifttowardsthe
endothermicprocess,i.e.,thereversedirection.SO 3woulddecreaseandSO2wouldincrease,sotheratio
wouldgetlarger.
(g) thepresenceofacatalystwouldincreasethespeedoftheforwardreactionasmuchasthereversereaction
andtherewouldbenochangeintheequilibriumconcentrations,therefore,nochangeintheratio.

HarveyGendreau(ret.)
FraminghamHighSchool
Framingham,MA01701
www.apchemistry.com
apchemtchr@aol.com
hgendreau@rcn.com
(508)8778723
(419)7354782(fax)

Questions copyright 2007 by The College Board, Princeton, NJ 08541. All rights reserved. For face-to-face teaching purposes,
classroom teachers are permitted to reproduce the questions. Answers copyright 2007 by Unlimited Potential, Framingham, MA 01701-2619
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