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NaturalCharacteristicsResearchofMWWind
TurbineTower
PingZHAO*1,YuguoLIANG*1,YongshengWANG*1,XiaoguangLi*1,2,XingmeiLV*1
*1 CSRZhuzhouElectricLocomotiveResearchInstituteCompanyLimited,Zhuzhou,Hunan,China
*2 CollegeofMechanicalandElectricalEngineeringofCentralSouthUniversity,ChangshaHunan,China
1zhaoping@csrzic.com;3wangys1@csrzic.com;4lixg@csrzic.com;5lvxm@csrzic.com
195
www.ijesci.org International Journal of Energy Science (IJES) Volume 3 Issue 3, June 2013
except tower and J NB is the moment of inertia of Mechanical Modal for Tower Based on Rayleigh
nacelleandrotor. Method
Rayleighmethod,anappropriatemethodtoobtainthe
naturalfrequencybasedonthelawoftheconservation
of mechanical energy, is used to calculate the
approximatesolutionofnaturalfrequencyfortowerin
this paper. Firstly, vibration function matching
boundary condition should be given to seek for the
natural frequency of bending vibration. The vibration
function C is supposed as the calculation function in
this paper, and the static deflection can be calculated
with function: Yx x 3 L3 , where x is height, Yx is
the static deflection corresponding to x, and is the
amplitudeofbending.Thetowerhasthreesections,in
which the stiffness and the mass of unit length are
different from each other. Therefore the maximal
FIG.1ANALYZINGMODALFORTOWER
bendingpotentialenergyofbeamsiscalculatedas:
1 L1
2 2 2
d 2Y L2 d 2Y L d 2Y (1)
U max EI 1 dx EI 2 dx EI 3 dx
2 0 dx
2
L1
dx
2
L2
dx
2
b 2 L1 L2 L
Tmax A1Y( x ) 2 dx A2Y( x ) 2 dx A3Y( x ) 2 dx mY( L 2
(2)
2 0 L1 L2 m)
2 2 2
d 2Y d 2Y d 2Y
L1 L L
dx dx
2
EI EI EI dx
0
1
dx
2
L1
2
dx
2
L 2
3
dx
2
(3)
b
L1 L L
A 1Y 2
dx A 2Y 2
dx A 3 Y ( x ) 2 dx mY 2
2
( x ) ( x ) ( L m )
0 L1 L 2
d d d
2 2 2
L1 L2 L
0 1
GJ dx L GJ
dx
2
dx
dx L GJ 3 dx
dx (4)
1 2
t
L1
0
I P 1 ( x ) dx
2 L2
I P 2 ( x ) dx
2
L1
L
I P 3 ( x ) dx J NB
L 2
2
m l
2
(L m )
2
196
InternationalJournalofEnergyScience(IJES)Volume3Issue3,June2013 www.ijesci.org
that the resonance frequency is usually close to the frequenciesb andt increase with the rise of taper
naturalfrequencyofbendingandtorsionalvibrationof angle.
tower. The two frequencies are influenced by these
Thickness is another important factor influencing the
factors such as diameter, thickness, taper angle,
tower natural frequency. The influence of variable t1,
centroidmassandeccentricityandsoon.Theindepth
t2, t3 on the basic frequenciesb andt have been
research on the tower natural character has been
illustrated in Figure 4, where t1, t2, t3 separately
carried out with the mechanical modal established in
representthethicknessofthetop,middleandbottom.
chapter 2.2, and the objective is some MW wind
The figures show that the influence of thickness of
turbine tower. The parameters usedfor the calculated
differentsectionsonthebasicfrequenciesbandtare
modal are listed as following: the height is 67 m; the
notthesame,whilet1isthemax.Therefore,regulating
outer diameter in the top and the bottom is 4 m and
the thickness nearby the top is beneficial to the
2.65 m, respectively; the maximal and minimum
adjustmentofthenaturalfrequenciesbandt.
thickness is 30 mm and 12 mm, respectively; the
nacelle mass is 100 ton, the moment of inertia is 4e5
kg*m2, and the eccentricity is 0.5 m. All other
parameters are supposedconstant when the influence
ofoneofthemonthenaturalfrequencyisinvestigated.
FIG.4INFLUENCEOFTHICKNESS(T1,T2,T3)ONTHEBASICFREQUENCYB
ANDt
FIG.5 INFLUENCEOFNACELLEMASS(M)ONTHEBASICFREQUENCYB
ANDt
Inaddition,thesimilarrelationshipsbetweenmoment
of inertia J NB , offset of mass l and the natural
frequenciestcanbeeasilyobtainedfromtheformula
FIG.3 INFLUENCEOFTTAPERANGLEONTHEBASICFREQUENCY b
(4).
ANDt
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www.ijesci.org International Journal of Energy Science (IJES) Volume 3 Issue 3, June 2013
FIG.7FIVELOWERSTEPMODESHAPESOFTOWER
InfluenceoftheDoorontheNaturalCharacteristicof
Tower
FIG.6THEFEAMODALANDCONSTRAINS
Theinfluenceofthedooronthenaturalcharacteristic
FEAResults oftowerisnotconsideredinRayleighmethod.AFEA
model containing the door frame is created, and the
The results of comparison of the lower step natural griddensitynearthedoorisreinforced.Theinfluence
frequencieswithFEMandRayleighmethodhavebeen of dimension and position of the door on the natural
tabulated in Table 1, and the corresponding mode frequencies of tower is investigated. The results for
shapesareillustratedinFigure7.AsshowninTable1, different calculation schemes are shown in Table 2.
the 1st step frequency is almost the same as the 2st Height is the distance from bottom to the centre of
order frequency because of the structures symmetry. door;whilewidthistheframedistancealongheight.
Thus, the 1st and the 2st bending frequencies are
combined as the first synthetical bending frequency, AsshowninTable2,thelowerorderfrequenciesofthe
and the same as the 3st and the 4st. The contrasted model with door are no better than that of the model
datesindicatethatthedifferencebetweentheresultsof without door. So the influence of dimension and
FEA and Rayleigh method is insignificant. Therefore position of the door on the lower order natural
the Rayleigh method is acceptable to research natural frequenciesisveryinsignificantandcanbeneglected.
TABLE1RESULTSCOMPARISONOFTHELOWERSTEPNATURALFREQUENCIESWITHFEMANDRAYLEIGHMETHOD
TABLE2INFLUENCEOFTHEDOORONTHELOWERORDERNATURALFREQUENCIES(HZ)OFTOWER
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InternationalJournalofEnergyScience(IJES)Volume3Issue3,June2013 www.ijesci.org
Huang Shanqiu, Lu ping. Model analysis of the tower for XING Gang, XU Yuxiu, ZHANG Cheng. Dynamic
Vol.22,No.2,pp.153156. model[J].EnergyTechnology,Vol.26,No.5,October2005,
LeeD,HodgesDH,PatilMJ.Multiflexiblebodydynamic pp.189191.
199