Proportional Control We can mathematically set up the relationship between

the measurement deviation and the valve deviation for this

Proportional control is a controller action in which there controller.
is a continuous linear relation between value of controlled
variable and position of final control element. A more concise Let: x = measurement pressure in psi
way of wording this definition is to say that the output from x0 = the set point pressure in psi
the controller is proportional to the input. y = valve position in inches
y0 = the position of the valve corresponding to the set
Self-operating Proportional Controller Flow Process point at the time of initial manual adjustment in
inches
Self-operating controllers are those in which the energy Up = proportional control factor which expresses the
required to actuate the final control element is obtained from ratio of valve deviation per unit measurement
the measuring system itself. deviation in in/psi

Then by definition,

y y0 = -Up(x-x0)

The minus sign used in front of Up indicates that the

valve must act opposite to the deviation in order to provide the
necessary corrective action. For example, if the measurement
pressure increased, then the valve position should decrease. A
decrease would be necessary to restrict the flow so that the
measurement would be brought again towards the desired
value.

Example

Assume x0 = 25 psi, set point pressure

y0 = in., initial distance of valve from seat
Up = 0.02 in./psi
 y in. = -0.02 in./psi (27 psi 25 psi)
If the pressure on the discharge side rises to 27 psi and remain y = -0.04 in. + 0.25 in.
there, determine the new valve position. y = 0.21 in., distance of valve from seat
after pressure rise
Using equation y y0 = -Up(x-x0)