TENSES

1. He was constantly ____ (urge) her to go up to the Marsh ranch, ____ (insist) that his
father was anxious to have them confirm the news in person.
2. We _____ many major problems while working on this project (had).
3. Japanese _____ one of the most popular courses at the university since the Asian studies
program was established (become).
4. The film ____ for ten minutes yet, but there's a commercial break already (not run).
5. Why has Lisa _____ her English?(not practise)
6. Babar ____ Rana Sanga at Kanwaha (defeat).
7. When my dad reached home, I ____ (always do) my homework.
8. Men ________ (never manage) to abolish wars up to now, but may be they _____ (find) a
way in the future.
9. When Mr. Mukerji _____ (come) to school in 1995, Mr. Anand ____ (already teach)
there for five years.
10. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody _____ (break) into the office
during the night. So, we ____ (call) the police.
11. Hurry up! The programme _______start(about to)
12. She has bought some cloth. She _____ herself a blouse (will make/ is going to make)
13. I am going to_____ (be study) and he is going to_____ dinner (be make).
14. Bob's going on a world tour next year. By December, he ____ six countries.(visit)
15. Make sure youre quiet when you get up tomorrow. The kids will still ______(sleep) in
their bed.
16. Two young athletes _____ (work out) for hours by the time one of them finally gives
up.
17. They ______ (arrange) a time to meet, but both of them forgot about it.
18. I ______ (think) that I was an only child, but I recently discovered that I have a
sister.
19. Nicklen _____ (grow) up on an island in Northern Canada, where he _____ (learn) all
about the outdoors from his Inuit neighbors.
20. How many friends have you _____ (make) since you started studying here?
ANSWERS
1. Urging, insisting (the word constantly take continuous form of verbs)
2. have had (several different actions which have occurred in the past at different times and
also suggests the process is not complete and more actions are possible) EX: The army
has attacked that city five times, I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this
semester.
3. has become (present perfect is used to talk about change that has happened over a period
of time).
4. has not been running (Present Perfect Continuous is used to show that something started
in the past and has continued up until now)
5. has Lisa not been practicing (Present Perfect Continuous is used WITHOUT a duration)
6. defeated (Past is used without an adverb of time)
 7. was always doing (a) Past continuous and simple past are used together when a new
action happened in the middle of a longer action EX: The light went out while I was
reading b) While & When expresses the idea of during that time.)
8. have never managed, will find
9. came, had already been teaching (past perfect continuous is used for an action that began
before a certain time in the past and continued up to that time)
10. had broken, called
11. is about to start(be about to+ present form of the verb is used to represent immediate
future)
12. is going to make(going to is used when we have decided to do something before
talking about it)
13. be studying, be making (it expresses the idea that both actions will be happening at the
same time. The actions are parallel).
14. Will have finished(actions that will be completed by a certain future time)
15. Will still be sleeping (show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only,
never, ever, still, just, etc.)
16. Will have been working out (actions which will be in progress over a period of time that
will end in the future)
17. Had arranged (Use the past perfect (not the past perfect progressive) for a completed
earlier event.)
18. had always thought(use the past perfect to provide background information and reasons
for past situations and actions.)
19. grew, learned
20. have you made (Present perfect is often used to express the idea of how many or how
much)
ACTIVE VOICE &PASSIVE VOICE
I.CHANGE INTO PASSIVE VOICE
1. Chefs use these machines to mix the ingredients.
These machines are used to mix the ingredients.
2. The teachers informed the students that the class had been cancelled.
The students were informed that the class had been cancelled.
3. The attorney general indicted the notorious gangster, Al Capone, for federal income tax
evasion.
The notorious gangster, Al Capone, was indicted for federal income tax evasion by the
attorney general. OR
The notorious gangster, Al Capone, was indicted for federal income tax evasion. OR
Al Capone was indicted for federal income tax evasion.
4. People can view the dazzling meteor shower from the observation tower at the
planetarium.
The dazzling meteor shower can be viewed from the observation tower at the
planetarium.
5. The doctor shall have examined ten patients by 10 Oclock.
Ten patients will have been examined by 10 Oclock by the doctor.
 6. When we first met, they had already offered me a job at the bank.
I had already been offered a job at the bank. (by them)
7. Does listening to music disturb you?
Are you disturbed by listening to music?
8. The organizers will exhibit the paintings till the end of the month.
The paintings will be exhibited by the organizers till the end of the month.
9. They had eaten all the dinner before they finished the conversation.
All the dinner had been eaten before they finished the conversation.
10. We have to pay the bill before the first of the month.
The bill has been paid before the first of the month.
II. CHANGE INTO ACTIVE VOICE
1. The report will be reviewed by the supervisor before it is sent to the manager.
The supervisor will review the report before he sends it to the manager.
2. If you have questions, I can be reached at 712 288-1144.
If you have questions, call me at 712 288-1144.
~ OR ~
Call me at 712 288-1142 if you have questions.
3. The current status report has been attached, and I have highlighted the important
figures.
I have attached the current status report, and I highlighted the important figures.
4. The recommended guidelines for replacing equipment should be followed.
Follow the recommended guidelines for replacing equipment.
5. According to the customer service representative, reshipment of these items will be
considered when the customer's need is determined by the company.
According to the customer service representative, the company will consider reshipping
these items based on the customer's needs.
6. The participants were welcomed by Joyce Carmen, and the keynote speaker was
introduced by her.
Joyce Carmen welcomed the participants and introduced the keynote speaker.
7. Two serious omissions of income were discovered and corrected before the accounting
records were reviewed by the auditor.
We discovered and corrected two serious omissions of income before the auditor
reviewed the accounting records.
8. In 1885, a major strike against Jay Goulds Southwestern Railroad System had been won
by the Knights of Labor.
In 1885, the Knights of Labor won a major strike against Jay Goulds Southwestern
Railroad System.
9. The wall is being built by the mason and he build it with due care.
The mason is building the wall with due care.
10. Why was such a letter written your brother?
Why did your brother write such a letter?
DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH
1. He told me You are the most beautiful girl I have ever seen. (present)
He told me that I was the most beautiful girl he had ever seen. (past)
2. Nick said Im going to visit my parents next month (present continuous)
 Nick declared that he was going to see his parents the following month. (past continuous)
3. Gloria told I am sorry but I cant come to your birthday party because I am going
away for the weekend.(present with modal verb)
Gloria explained that she was really sorry but she couldnt come to my party because
she was going away for the weekend.(past)
4. He said Tomorrow at five oclock I will be sitting on a train to Glasgow.(future)
He said that the next day at Five oclock he would be sitting on a train to Glasgow.
(would)
5. Mrs. Wilson says No one has ever spoken to me like this before.(present perfect)
Mrs. Wilson said that no one had ever spoken to her like that before. (past perfect)
6. Dave tells I was outside the classroom during the break but I saw a group of my
colleagues inside the room.(past)
Dave said that he had been outside the classroom during the break but he had seen a
group of his colleagues inside the room.(past perfect)
7. My father to Ben: I am sure I saw you here last week.(mixed tenses)
My father told Ben that he was sure he had seen him there the week before.
8. Do you suppose you know better than your own father? jeered his angry mother.
(interrogative)
His angry mother jeered and asked whether he supposed that he knew better than his own
father.
9. Have you anything to say on behalf of the accused? said the judge finally.
The judge finally asked whether he/she had anything to say on behalf of the accused.
10. Call the first witness said the judge.(command)
The judge commanded them to call the first witness.
11. He said, Be quiet and listen to my words
He urged them to be quiet and listen to his words.(request)
12. Ah me! exclaimed the queen, what a rash and bloody deed you have
done(exclamatory)
The Queen exclaimed sadly that he had done a very rash and bloody deed.
13. I was waiting for the bus when he arrived(past continuous)
She told me (that) she had been waiting for the bus when he arrived.(past perfect
continuous)
14. "I want your homework handed in by tomorrow," he said to the class.
He told the class (that) he wanted their homework handed in by the next day.
15. The people asked Where would he go if he had the money.
The people asked where he would have gone if he had had the money.
16. They wanted to know:Why werent we allowed to park here last month?
They wanted to know why they hadnt been allowed to park there the month before.
17. He said, what a lazy boy you are! How badly you have done your work!
He remarked that I/he was a very lazy boy and he had done my/his work very badly.
18. There may not be another this year replied his Father.
His Father replied that there might not be another that year.
19. The lion said to the Fox, I am very weak. My teeth have fallen out. I have no appetite.
 The lion told the fox that he was very weak, that his teeth had fallen out, and that he had
no appetite.
20. My teacher often says to me, If you dont work hard, you will fail
My teacher often says to me that if I dont work hard, I shall fail.