2ewan17 BoM Product Sructiro- Wikiersity BoM Product Structure From Wikiversity Students will analyse BoMs, derive various types of BoMs (Single Level, Indented and Summarised) and lea about implosions and explosions. They will lea key phrases and definitions used throughout the BoM process. Contents What is the Bill of Materials (BoM)? = 1 What is the Bill of Materials (BoM)? + 1.1 BoM Product Structure A Bill of Material is an inclusive definition ofa final product that inchades a = 1.2. BoM Implosion and Explosion ist ofthe items, ingredients and/or materials and the quantities of each = 2 Where is the BoM used? needed to manufacture, assemble or mix an end product. = 3 Test yourself = 4 Test yourself Answers ABoM for a house would include the following sub-assemblies: cement = 5 Ghssary block, lumber, shingles, doors, windows, plumbing, electric, heating ete. = 6 References Each subassembly lso contains a BoM; the heating system is made up of = 7 See ako the firmace, ducts ete. ‘There are several different forms of the BoM, which include: Fo Resnaece ype nicest = Single Level Bill of Material (Figure 1) = Indented Bill of Material (Figure 2) He | = Summarised Bill of Material (Figure 3) These are basic exmmples, a BoM generally contains more information, such as, an items effective date, temamumber, description et Level 1 Parocutt | Qs] Foner to level Pome [OW x T]—< x T 3 ay 5 L c i a Level2 Tana ype F L 5 ifs D 2 5 1 Levels Far Oy] reine E a to F 1 L Figure 3 - Summarised 5 3 BoM for Product 1 Figure 2 - Indented BoM for Product 1 Figure | - Single Level BoM for Produet 1 A summarised BoM is useful as it shows the total usage of each item needed for the product in a singe list, but results in the duplication of the product's assemblies. For every product BoM that uses a duplicated assembly, it must be changed whenever there isa change in the assembly. hipssionwikversitverghwikiBoM_ Product Structure 62ewan17 BoM Product Sructiro- Wikiersity The indented BoM is usefilas it helps one to understand the structure ofthe product, but all the parts belonging to an assembly are repeated(look at B, E and F). This can be a problem: lets imagine that the BoM is much bigger than the one provided in Figure 2, it will lead to a massive duplication of data Asa solution to the duplication problem, each assembly is held once in ‘singk level’ BoM. In Figure 1, level one shows the singke kevel BoM of Product 1, itthen has pointers to each singk level BoM of ts assemblies. This allows changes to an assembly to ‘cour in one place. A single level BoM (Level | of Figure 1) is sufficient when a product is assembled at one time ffoma set of purchased parts and raw materiak, but it does not adequately describe a product that has sub assemblies. The BoM is also known, as the Product Structure, and the Product Structure helps to describe a product with sub assembles. Although, the Product Structure does not specify the quantity of items needed for a product, therefore, the Bill of Materials (BoM) and the BoM Product Structure are used together. BoM Product Structure To istrate the Product Structure; a tree fixe structure can be drawn (Figure 4). The Product, Structure provides a hierarchical classification of the items which form a product. Items can take many forms: raw materials; intermediate items; items; assemblies; parts; components. FileProduct structure. gif Figure 4 Product Structure for Product 1 Raw materials appear at the bottom of the structure. In the example opposite; E, F, D and C are raw materials B is a component of A, Intermediate Ttems are those in between. There are 2 intermediate items in the example; Band A. The Product Structure helps to display and describe the relstionships between one item and another, it does not specify the sequence of assembly. The assembly sequence is important to determine what operations should be performed by a worker, and what kind of work stations are needed. So, the assembly sequence is provided in an assembly chart BoM Implosion and Explosion A BoM explosion (Figure 5) helps to break an assembly or sub-assembly into its components or raw materials. For example, an engineer needs to see what is required to construct Assembly A, using the explosion, they can see a list ofall Assembly A's components ‘Assembly A Qty Component 8 1 Raw Material D 2 Figure 5 - Single Level Explosion of Assembly A. A.BoM implosion (Figure 6) helps to lik a component to an assembly, sub-assembly or product. For exampk, an engineer needs to see where Raw Material E is used, using the implosion, they can see the range of assemblis, sub-assembles or products where Raw Material E is used. hipssionwikversitverghwikiBoM_ Product Structure 262ewa017 BoM Product Sructiro- Wikiersity Raw Material E Qty Component B 3 Figure 6 - Single Level Implosion of Raw Material E Where is the BoM used? ‘The BoM is stored in a database and it is used in Materials Requirement Planning systems (Figure 7) in conjunction with the MPS and Inventory file to determine exactly how many components are needed in order to produce the quantity of finished products stated ina MPS and to determine the items for which purchase requisitions and production orders must be released. MRP systems help to determine: what to order; how much to order; when to order; when to schedule delivery. They also help to plan and control inventory, support detailed capacity planning and support priority planning on the shop floor Accounting use the BoM to cost the product and it is also used for kitting production orders, order entry and engineering purposes. Test yourself Consider a plug. ‘The Product Structure for the plug is as follows: 800px 1. Create a single evel explosion for the 13 AMP Square Pin Piug cs Figure 7 - MRP System 2. Pick the odd one out: Negative Pin Assembly, Earth Pin Assembly, Final Assembly Cover Screw or Fuse Hokler Assembly 3, List the Components of Positive Lead Hokl Assembly 4, List all Raw Materials 5. The ot Fake: Assembly has many components Assembly has many sub-assembBes, Part has many Assemblies Part has many components 6. Where do raw materials tend to appear in the Product Structure? 7. What is meant by each of the following: a) A single-level explosion? A indented implosion? ©) A summarised explosion? hipssionwikversitverghwikiBoM_ Product Structure 362ewan17 BoM Product Sructiro- Wikiersity 8, For the Product Structure below, derive the: a) Summarised BoM b) Indented BoM Test yourself - Answers Provide answers to the questions! 1. 13. AMP Square Pin Pug Wire Retainer Screws Negative Pin Assembly 13 amp Top Cover 13 amp Bottom Earth Pin Assembly Final Assembly Cover Screw Fuse Holder Assembly Retainer 2. Final Assembly Cover Serew because it is a raw material, All the others as assemblies, 3. Positive Lead/Fuse Holler Assembly, Screw 4, There are 14 Raw Materials used; Positive Lead Holder, Fuse Holder, Serew (3 per), Positive Pin, 13 amp Fuse, Earth Pin, ‘Negative Pin, Retainer, Final Assembly Cover Screw, 13 amp Bottom Cover, 13 amp Top Cover, Wire Retainer Screws. 5. a) True b) True ©) Tre @) True 6, They tend to be children 7. a) A single-level explosion: A list of what components are needed to build the Parent item, b) An indented implosion: A fisting ofall components used in an assembly. There are not totals provided. When each component is used itis repeated ) Summarised explosion: The total quantity of each component required to buikl the Parent part. The main difference from, the single-level explosion isthe need to aggregate the quantities The fst example indicates the quantity of sub-parts required for the part whenever itis required. It does not indicate how many of the subparts are needed to build the Parent item a) Summarised BoM ‘Summarized Bill of Materials b) Indented BoM hipssionwikversitverghwikiBoM_ Product Structure 482ewan17 BoM Product Sructiro- Wikiersity Indented Bill of Materials, ) Single Level BoM Single Level Bill of Materials Glossary Assembly: A group of components which are put together in manufacturing (e.g, cooking). Component : A raw material, ingredient, part or sub assembly, but not a product, that is used in the mamfacture of a higher-level assembly, compound, or other item. (Cumulative lead time : the longest time it takes to traverse the Bill of Materials (BOM) from the leaf back to the root ; it is the time it takes to accomplish the activity the BOM represents, Intermediate Item : Any material which is neither a product nor a raw material but is consumed in the making of products. Item: Any unique manufactured or purchased part or assembly. May be a product, raw material, intermediate item, but not in process. MPS : A Master Production Schedule is a plan for production, stain, inventory, ete. MRP : Material Requirements Plamning, a type of application software system used to schedule and monitor the use of components, and other materials in a manufacturing operation. Part : Any one-piece item which may be manufactured ot purchased. Typically manufactured at Fabrication. Raw Material: The material which is bought from a supplier and used directly or indirectly in producing a product. Resource : Any asset which is scarce or limited and therefore needs to be planned and managed(Materials, Human Resources, production ficilities). References Evans, J. R. (1993) Applied Production Operations Management, 4th ed. Minnesota: West Publishing Company. Fogarty, D. W., Hoffinan, T. R. (1983) Production and Inventory Management. Cincinnati: South-Western Publishing Co. Power, N. (2011) CS4008: Enterprise Resource Planning , 22 April, University of Limerick, unpublished. See also = Materials Requirements Planning = Material Requirements Planning (Wikipedia) © Bill of Materials (Wikipedia) = Master Production Schedule (Wikipedia) Retrieved from “hitpsi/en.wikiversity org/windex.php?tile-BoM_Product_StructureSoldid=1550843" hipssionwikversitverghwikiBoM_ Product Structure 862ewa017 BoM Product Sructir- Wikiversity 1 This page was last modified on 9 April 2016, at 1436. = Texts available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. hipssionwikversitverghwikiBoM_ Product Structure as