Phylum Echinodermata

Members of this phylum include the feather

stars, sea-cucumbers, brittle stars, starfish, sea
urchin and the sand dollars
Originally grouped among the radiata group
due to its radial symmetry, but this is only
secondary.
The larval form is motile and bilateral
 Class Crinoidea
Also known as the feather stars, they got this
name because of the morphology they possess
The body can be divided into the
stalk and corona.
The stalk has a root-like structure called
cirri which functions for attachment although
free swimmin feather stars have no stalk
altogether.
The corona is a box-like structure composed of a
tegmen (dorsal) and a calyx (ventral) radiating
from it are pinnate arms or brachiae.
 Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Crinozoa
Antedon sp. Class Crinoidea
Subclass Articulata
Family Antedonidae
Genus Antedon sp.
Common name:
Arms Feather star
(bearing
pinnules)

Cirri (used to attach to a

cable)

Pinnules
PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA

Alcoba, Louise Nicole

Dela Rosa, Ara Lyn
 Class Holothuroidea
Composed of the sea cucumbers, theya re soft
bodied due to the unfused condition of the
calcareous plates/ossicles.
It is found livin on its side, the oral end
recognizable by the presence of oral tentacles
which can be inverted into the body
when disturbed.
They also possess a respiratory tree that extends
from the pharynx to the cloaca.
Tube feet are present all throughout the body of
the organism.
 Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
Actinopyga sp. Order Aspichirotida
Genus Actinopyga sp.

Buccal tentacle

Mouth Body wall Anus

Tube feet
 Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
Bohadschia sp. Order Aspichirotida
Genus Bohadschia sp.

Anus

Cuverian
threads Mouth Tube feet
 Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
Holothuria sp. Order Aspichirotida
Genus Holothuria sp.

Buccal Anus
tentacles Mouth Tube feet
 Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
Stichopus sp. Order Aspichirotida
Genus Stichopus sp.

Anus

Numerous tube feet

Mouth
(bearing peltate oral tentacles-not shown in pic)
 Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
Thelonota sp. Order Aspichirotida
Genus Thelonata sp.

Mouth

Anus
Tube feet
 Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
Opheodesoma sp. Order Apodida
Genus Opheodesoma sp.

Sticky
tentacles

Mouth
Anus
 Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
Synapta sp. Order Apodida
Genus Synapta sp.
Mouth

Sticky
tentacles

Anus
(posteriormost
part)
 Class Stelleroidea

Rayed echinoderms with pentameric body

form
Subclasses: 1. Asteroidea
2. Ophiuroidea
Subclass Asteroidea
Composed of the starfish, they are characterized
by the presence of a central disk with 5 to 50
arms radiatin from it.
The ventral side has 2 to 5 rows of tube feet with
an ambulacral groove runnin along middle of
each arm.
The dorsal side has superficial structures such as
the spines, tubercles, warts, granules,
pedicellariae and papillae.
The madreporite is located slightly lateral to the
dorsal side.
Starfish larvae

Bracheolar
arm

Larval arm
Starfish ray (x.s.)

Digestive
gland

Calcareous
Skin gill plate
Starfish pedicellariae
Stone
canal Ambulacral
ridge

Ring canal Ampullae

 Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Asterozoa
Acanthaster sp. Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Asteroidea
Order Spinulosida
Genus Acanthaster sp.

UNDERNEATH:
Tube feet with suckers

Spines covering
the aboral
surface
Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Asterozoa
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Asteroidea
Order Valvatida
arms
Genus Linckia sp.

anus
spines

central disc
madreporite Ambulacral mouth
groove

Tube feet
 central disc

anus
arms

Tube feet

Phylum Echinodermata Ambulacral

Subphylum Asterozoa
groove
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Asteroidea
Order Valvatida
Genus Culcita sp.

mouth
 madreporite

central disc

arms
Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Asterozoa Ambulacral
Class Stelleroidea groove
Subclass Asteroidea Tube feet
Order Valvatida
Genus Nardoa sp.

mouth
 anus

central disc

madreporite

arms
Arm
Phylum Echinodermata spines
Subphylum Asterozoa
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Asteroidea
Order Valvatida
Genus Archaster sp.

Tube feet

Ambulacral
groove
mouth
 arms spines

madreporite
central disc
anus
Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Asterozoa
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Asteroidea
Order Valvatida
Genus Patiriella sp.

Tube feet
Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Asterozoa
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Ophiuroidea
Order Ophiurida
Genus Ophiura sp.
Bursal /
genital slit Arms
Arm spines
Jaws
Radial plates

Central disc
Buccal plate
Ventral plates
Disc scales

Dorsal plates

Mouth opening
Phylum Echinodermata PLUTEUS LARVA
Subphylum Echinozoa
Class Echinoidea
Stomach
Stomach

Larval arms

Skeletal rod

Mouth

Skeletal rod
Larval arms

Stomach
 Genital plate
Spines

Anus

Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Echinozoa
Class Echinoidea Test
Order Cidaroida
Genus Heterocentrotus sp.

PENCIL SLATE URCHIN

 Spines

Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Echinozoa
Class Echinoidea
Order Diadematoida
Genus Astropyga sp. Anus

Primary
tubercles

Pores of
tube feet
(blue)
 eeri
Peristome
Anus

Spines

Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Echinozoa Podia
Class Echinoidea surrounding Mouth with
Order Diadematoida the mouth Teeth
Genus Echinotrix sp.
 Periproct
Genital plate Periostomal
membrane
Anus
Test

Phylum Echinodermata Madreporite

Subphylum Echinozoa
Class Echinoidea
Order Temnopleuroida Pores of
Genus Toxopneustes sp. tube feet
Primary
tubercles

Tube feet

Ambulacral Interambulacra
Spines plate plate
 Genital plate

Periproct
Periostomal
Madreporite membrane
Anus
Test

Pores of
tube feet
Primary
tubercles
Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Echinozoa
Class Echinoidea
Order Temnopleuroida
Genus Tripneustes sp.

Spines
Ambulacral
plate Interambulacral
plate
 Anus

Peristome
Test Periostomal
membrane
Phylum Echinodermata Teeth
Subphylum Echinozoa
Mouth
Class Echinoidea
Order Temnopleuroida
Genus Salmacis sp. Primary Spines
tubercles
WHITE SEA URCHIN
Pores of
tube feet

Interambulacral Ambulacral
plate plate
Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum Echinozoa
Class Echinoidea Lunule
Order CLypeasteroidea
Genus Clypeaster sp.
Openings of
SEA BISCUITS tube feet

Teeth

Peristome

Food
grooves

Periproct
Phylum Echinodermata
Subphylum ASterozoa
Class Stelleroidea
Subclass Asteroidea
Order Order Bringisida
Centrocycloids Marginal
Genus Xyloplax sp. spines

SEA DAISIES

Marginal
plates

Gonads

Ring
ossicle
 Sources
Google.com.ph
Pechenick,J.A. (2011). Biology of
invertebrates. 6th ed. 1221 Avenue of America,
New York, NY 10020: McGraw-Hill Companies.
Engemann, J.G. & Hegner. R.W. (1981).
Invertebrate Zoology, 3rd ed. New York:
Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.
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imgil=x0KjG6hN-TY0IM%253A%253Bhttps%253A%252F%252Fencrypted-
tbn3.gstatic.com%252Fimages%253Fq%253Dtbn%253AANd9GcSFAZYspTYAGbI0ed6VQpMWTL-
NMuw8mueAFuo0dUMZhDQTVowrRQ%253B280%253B250%253B8MsnhSZJmNJo1M%253Bhttp%
25253A%25252F%25252Fwww.asnailsodyssey.com%25252FLEARNABOUT%25252FSAND%25252Fs
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iQe49YCwDg&ved=0CCkQ9QEwAA#facrc=_&imgdii=Mb7Ikj_R2Bgf5M%3A%3BppIOLe0dDPdIVM%3
BMb7Ikj_R2Bgf5M%3A&imgrc=Mb7Ikj_R2Bgf5M%253A%3BnNPvtrqoU7GbfM%3Bhttp%253A%252
F%252Fwww.asnailsodyssey.com%252FIMAGES%252FURCHIN%252FSinervo%2526McEdward1988
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4DQCA&ved=0CAcQ_AUoAQ&biw=1517&bih=693&dpr=0.9#q=parts+of+pencil+slate+urchin&tbm
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