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ENVIRONMENTAL ASSURANCE
Midrex Technologies, Inc. along with its parent company Kobe Steel, Ltd., recognizes the importance of protecting the
environment and conserving natural resources. Through the years we have been proactive in increasing efficiency,
productivity, reliability and safety while reducing the environmental impact of our processes.
MIDREX Plants are designed to minimize water, noise and air pollution.
MIDREX Plants meet applicable World Bank standards and more importantly, Midrex can and will provide DRI Plants
designed to meet any local emissions or environmental standards regardless of location.
MIDREX Process MIDREX NG MXCOL Building DRI Plants DRI Products &
Applications
Over the past four decades Midrex Technologies, Inc. has Adjustable product quality and the flexibility to produce
risen to meet the industrys need by supplying and contin- various forms of iron together with some of the best produc-
ually innovating the worlds most reliable and productive tion records industry-wide make MIDREX Plants the most
Direct Reduction Technology: The MIDREX Process. profitable DRI plants in the world to own and operate.
The MIDREX Process is unsurpassed in the Direct Reduction Midrexs primary business is direct reduction ironmaking.
industry in terms of production and process flexibility to We build DRI plants that work day in and day out, year after
meet the constantly evolving nature of steelmakers and year to provide value for our clients so that they can make
ore-based metallics providers. the most of their investment and maximize their profits for
years to come.
Million Tons/Year
of varying quality. 2.0 MEGAMOD
MIDREX
Reformer
Natural Gas
Plant
Steam Reformer
Coal
Pet Coke Gasifier MIDREX
Refinery Bottoms Shaft Furnace
The MIDREX Shaft Furnace can use natural gas or a syngas into the top of a cylindrical, refractory-lined vessel, where it
from coal or coke oven gas as its reductant. MIDREX descends by gravity flow and is contacted by upward flowing
Plants commonly operate in excess of 8000 hrs per year. In reducing gas. The reducing gas, which is primarily hydrogen
addition, the MIDREX Shaft Furnace has been proven in and carbon monoxide, reacts with the iron oxide to reduce
using the widest variety of oxide pellets or lump ores to (remove the oxygen content) and carburize the material prior
produce CDRI, HDRI and/or HBI. to discharge. From there the product can be discharged as
CDRI, HDRI, HBI or any combination simultaneously.
Operation of the MIDREX Shaft Furnace is uncomplicated
and straight-forward. Iron-bearing material is introduced
Control the flow of gases between the Fe2O3 + 3H2 2Fe + 3H2O
various furnace zones Fe2O3 + 3CO 2Fe + 3CO2
Natural Gas More than 60 modules MIDREX Reformer 1.5 to 1.7 Since 1969
in operation
Natural Gas FMO (formerly OPCO) Steam Reformer, Heater + 3.2 to 3.9 1990
MIDREX Reformer
COREX Offgas ArcelorMittal South Africa CO2 Removal + Heater 0.3 to 0.4 1999
COREX Offgas JSW Projects Limited CO2 Removal + Heater 0.5 to 0.6 2014
Reducing gas, containing mainly hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), can be generated from a wide variety of energy
sources. Natural gas can be reformed in the unique, highly efficient MIDREX Reformer or in a traditional steam reformer.
Coal of any type or ash content can be gasified. Coke oven gas can be reformed using the MIDREX Thermal Reactor System
(TRS). And, the export syngas from a COREX Hot Metal Plant also makes a high quality reducing gas that can be used in a
closely linked MIDREX Shaft Furnace to produce DRI.
Comsigua MIDREX Plant, Venezuela Hadeed Module E MIDREX Plant, Saudi Arabia
MIDREX NG MIDREX NG
ArcelorMittal South Africa Plant FMO Planta de Briquetas (formerly OPCO) JSPL Angul I, India
COREX/MXCOL Venezuela, Using Steam Reformers MXCOL Coal Gasifier
In the early days of direct reduction, there was a clearly discernible difference between iron oxide pellets intended for blast
furnace use (BF-grade pellets) and those used to make DRI to feed an EAF. A DR-grade pellet typically has higher iron
content and less silica, alumina and other gangue constituents than BF-grade pellets. DRI products made from DR-grade
pellets are more appealing for the EAF user because the meltshop does not have to worry about excessive gangue materials.
oxide pellets and lump ores including pellets used Pellets Lump
in blast furnaces. In fact, some companies have
Fe (%) 67.0 67.0
used the MIDREX Process to reduce BF-grade SiO2 + Al2O3 (%) 3.0 3.0
pellets when they were unable to obtain DR- S (%) 0.008 0.008
grade materials in order to maintain steelmaking P (%) 0.03 0.03
operations. TiO2 (%) 0.15 0.15
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Midrex has a comprehensive testing program at
its Research and Technology Development Center Pellets Lump
that evaluates existing feed materials and Nominal Size 6 x 16 mm 10 x 35 mm
investigates potential new sources. Midrex also 10 x 35 mm (%) 85 min.
works with the operators of MIDREX Plants to 9 x 16 mm (%) 95 min.
of iron oxide sources most suitable for their Compression Strength (kg) 250 min.
operating conditions. Midrex interfaces with iron Less than 50 kg (%) 2 max.
oxide suppliers to improve existing products and
REDUCTION CHARACTERISTICS
develop new ones.
Pellets Lump
FEEDSTOCK OPTIONS MIDREX LINDER TEST (760 C)
Metallization (%) 93 min. 93 min.
Minus 3.36 mm (%) 2 max. 5 max.
PELLETS HOT LOAD TEST (815 C)
Tumble Strength (% plus 6.73 mm) 90 min. 85 min.
Compression Strength (kg) 100 min.
Clustering (% plus 25 mm after 10 rev.) 0 0
LUMP
Lower quality iron ores are often used in MIDREX Plants depending on the cost of the raw materials
and the impact of downstream steelmaking operations. The Midrex Materials Testing Lab can evaluate
all types of iron oxide pellets and lump ore to determine suitability for direct reduction ironmaking.
PRODUCT FORMS
The first MIDREX Plants produced DRI that was cooled prior to discharge: cold DRI (CDRI). As the benefits of DRI use became
more widely known, a product form that was considered safe for ocean shipping by the International Maritime Organization
(IMO) was needed. The result was hot briquetted iron (HBI), a DRI product hot discharged from the MIDREX Shaft Furnace
into a roller-type press that molds the reduced material into dense pillow-shaped briquettes. Discharging hot DRI (HDRI) as
a product from a DRI furnace was the next progressive step for Electric Arc Furnace (EAF) steelmakers to increase efficiency
and productivity.
The combination of hot and cold discharge in a single reduction furnace was a logical advancement for the MIDREX Process.
Today MIDREX Plants can be switched from one DRI form to another with no disruption of product flow - CDRI to HBI, CDRI
to hot DRI (HDRI), or HDRI to HBI. Product can be produced simultaneously in any combination.
DRI PRODUCTS
CDRI HBI HDRI
MIDREX Shaft Furnaces can be equipped with one of three systems to transfer HDRI to a steelworks meltshop:
HOTLINK, Hot Transport Conveyor (HTC) and Hot Transport Vessel (HTV).
Reference: Jindal Shadeed (Oman) Reference: Hadeed Mod E (Saudi Arabia) Reference: Lion DRI (Malaysia)
The increasing sophistication and intensely competitive nature of the global steel industry has created the demand for high
quality, cost effective metallic inputs - iron products as dynamic as the industry they support.
Midrex has been designing and engineering direct reduction technology for more than four decades. MIDREX Technology
has helped launch national steel industries, contributed to EAF expansion into high end products and continues to close the
iron-to-steel production gap.
The MIDREX Process has become synonymous with performance, reliability and flexibilitythe basis of investment value and
operating profits for years to come.
UK:
Midrex UK Ltd.
Two London Bridge
London, SE1 9RA
United Kingdom
Tel: +44(0)207 0891520
Email: info@midrex.com
CHINA:
Midrex Metallurgy Technology Services
(Shanghai) Ltd.
1505 Park Place
1601 Nan Jing West Road
Shanghai 200040 PRC
Tel: +86 21 61573700
Email: sales@midrex.cn
INDIA:
Midrex Technologies India Private, Ltd.
Global Foyer, Golf Course Road
Gurgaon-122002, Haryana | India
Tel: 0124-4908712
Email: sales@midrex.in
Aug 2014