1017-Fuel System Identification

Term Definition
Actuator An output device that controls the flow of fuel, oil, air or exhaust. Actuators
are used to meter fuel, control engine brakes, activate fan clutches and
operate wastegates.
Adjustable Selections made in the engine ECM from an INSITE imposed range.
Parameters
Advanced Timing Injection that occurs earlier in the compression stroke when compared to
base timing. With advanced timing, the start of injection occurs more crank
angle degrees before top dead center (BTDC).
Aftercooler A heat exchanger that reduces the temperature of the air entering the
cylinders. Cooling the air increases its density providing more efficient
cylinder filling.
Algorithm Software stored in the ECM that is used to establish a step-by-step
procedure to determine a value based on inputs from engine sensors. This
value is used to provide output to various devices on the engine.
Atomization The breaking up of liquid fuel into a fine spray or mist.
Boost Pressure The output pressure of the turbocharger.
CAPS Cummins Accumulator Pumping System
CARB California Air Resources Board
CELECT/CELECT Advancements and updates to the ECI system.
Plus
CM554 The original control module for midrange ISB, ISC and ISL engines.
CM570 A control module used on the heavy duty, ISM and ISX, engines.
CM850 A control module for midrange engines, the CM850 replaced the CM554.
CM870 A control module for heavy duty engines, the CM870 replaced the CM570.
CM875 A control module for ISM engines, it is similar to the CM870 with extra
drivers for the injectors.
Common Rail Fuel A gear driven pump creates the high injection pressures which are then
System stored in a common fuel rail. Fuel from the rail is injected when the ECM
activates a solenoid at the injection nozzle.
CTS Coolant Temperature Sensor
Cummins The fuel system used on some ISC and ISL engines.
Accumulator
Pumping System
Cylinder Performance The ability of the ECM to adjust fueling for a cylinder based on the
Testing increase in crankshaft speed resulting from the power stroke of the
previous cylinder in the firing order. The contribution each cylinder makes
to overall engine power is displayed in INSITE as a percentage.
Datalink a) The electrical connection that allows an external electronic device, such
as INSITE, to be connected to the ECM. This connection is used for
communication and data transfer. b) Communication system that allows
the vehicle's control ECM to communicate with other devices.
Distributor Pump A gear driven pump that creates the high pressure for injection and a
distributor that directs fuel to the injector nozzles.
Duty Cycle The percentage of on time or high voltage in a PWM signal.
ECI Electronically Controlled Injection
ECM (Electronic A computer portion of the electronic control system that is responsible for
Control Module) engine control, diagnostics, and user features. This component receives
signals from engine sensors and OEM switches. It contains software
based control algorithms and diagnostic algorithms. These algorithms
process the input signals and transmit signals to the appropriate output
devices.
ECM Cooling Plate Component used to dissipate the heat generated from the ECM
electronics.
ECU Electronic Control Unit, another name for an ECM
ECVA Electronic Fuel Control Valve Assembly
EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
EGR Valve A valve controlled by the ECM, which adjusts to control the amount of
exhaust gas moving from the exhaust manifold into the intake manifold.
Electronic Fuel The part of the QUANTUM fuel system that provides the mounting for the
Control Valve fuel actuators and shutoff solenoid.
Assembly
Electronically The first Cummins electronic system that was not an add-on to the PT fuel
Controlled Injection pump.
Eliminator A type of self cleaning oil filter. With Eliminator installed on the engine
there is no need for replaceable cartridge or spin on type oil filters.
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
Engine An optional component that enhances the engines ability to slow the
Brake/Intebrake vehicle in coasting situations. It works by opening the exhaust valve when
the piston is at the top of the compression stroke. Any energy stored in the
compressed air is released into the exhaust system and not returned to
the piston on its next downward stroke.
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
Exhaust Emissions The various chemical compounds released into the atmosphere after
combustion has taken place.
Exhaust Gas The process of taking a portion of the exhaust gas, cooling it, combining it
Recirculation with fresh air, and returning it to the combustion chamber for the purpose
of reducing NOx emissions.
Firing Order The order in which the cylinders, beginning with No. 1 cylinder, deliver
their power strokes.
FPCM Fuel Pump Control Module
Fuel Cooler A heat exchanger that reduces the temperature of the fuel.
Fuel Pump Control An electronic module mounted on the Bosch VP44 fuel pump. This
Module module controls the opening of the metering control valve.
Governor A device that controls the speed of the engine. Governors typically control
the idle and the top speed.
High Pressure A fuel system used on ISC and ISL engines with the CM850 control
Common Rail module.
High Pressure The fuel system used on Signature and ISX engines. This system used
Injection - Time camshaft driven injectors.
Pressure
HPCR High Pressure Common Rail
HPI-TP High Pressure Injection - Time Pressure
Hydromechanical System using hydraulics, or fluid flow, and mechanical action to control
motion of a component.
IFSM Integrated Fuel System Module
IMP Sensor Intake Manifold Pressure Sensor
INLINE II J1587/J1708 and J1939 protocol communications tool used to connect the
ECM to a PC.
INSITE The PC based electronic service tool used to diagnose and calibrate
Cummins electronic engines.
Intebrake/Engine An optional component that enhances the engines ability to slow the
Brake vehicle in coasting situations. It works by opening the exhaust valve when
the piston is at the top of the compression stroke. Any energy stored in the
compressed air is released into the exhaust system and not returned to
the piston on its next downward stroke.
J1587 An SAE communications protocol that uses J1708-style hardware.
J1708 An SAE standard that describes the datalink conversion hardware and the
lower layers of the communications protocol.
J1939 An SAE communication protocol that enables an engine to be controlled
by J1939 devices. This communication standard allows service tools and
some other vehicle controllers, such as transmission shifting, braking
system, and traction control systems, to communicate with the ECM.
J1939 Backbone ECM J1939 Datalink connection in which service tools and other J1939
devices communicate with the ECM. This bus can be extended 150 feet
with minimal outside interference to communication data. The Main Bus is
constructed with a twisted pair of wires with shielding. It is terminated with
a 120 ohm resistor at each end.
J1939 Node Any device sending signals over the J1939 communications datalink.
Lift Pump An electric pump controlled by the ECM, sometimes through a relay. Each
time the key is turned on the ECM turns on this pump for a predetermined
time to insure easy starting and shorter cranking time.
Manometer A device used to measure differential pressures.
Microprocessor The portion of the ECM that reads input signals and determines output
signals/commands.
Multiplexing The use of one circuit to provide signals from multiple components to the
ECM.
NOx Various combinations of Nitrogen and Oxygen.
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer.
PC Personal Computer
PCV Pumping Control Valve
Processor The portion of the ECM that reads input signals and determines output
signals/commands.
Pulse Width A square wave electrical signal that is often used to control the on/off
Modulated cycle of another device.
Pumping Control Valve that controls the amount of fuel pressurized by the high pressure
Valve pumping chamber of the CAPS fuel pump.
PWM Pulse Width Modulated
QUANTUM Cummins fuel system with camshaft driven injectors. The QUANTUM fuel
system is used on the QSK family of engines.
Rate Shape Tube Tube between the accumulator and distributor on a CAPS fuel pump. The
shape and diameter of this tube control the early part of injection.
Retarded Injection Injection that occurs later in the compression stroke when compared to
Timing base timing. With retarded timing, the start of injection occurs less crank
angle degrees before top dead center (BTDC).
RFI Radio Frequency Interference
RPM Revolutions per Minute
SAE The Society of Automotive Engineers
Solenoid An electromechanical device that uses the magnetic field created by
electrical current in a coil of wire to produce mechanical movement such
as the opening of a valve.
TDC Top Dead Center
Top Dead Center The uppermost position of the piston in the cylinder. At top dead center
the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft rod journal form a straight line.
TPS (Throttle Part of the accelerator pedal assembly that sends a pedal position signal
Position Sensor) to the ECM. This device is a potentiometer that produces a varying
voltage as it is moved through the operating range.
Turbocharger Centrifugal air pump or blower driven by exhaust gas turbine. It fills the
engine cylinders with fresh air at a higher pressure than atmospheric.
Unit Injector A high pressure pumping element and injection nozzle built into a common
housing located at the cylinder.
Variable Geometry A style of turbocharger that adjusts its exit volute area, thereby quickly
Turbocharger increasing backpressure in the exhaust system.
VECU Vehicle Electronic Control Unit
Vehicle Electronic An OEM installed electronic control unit.
Control Unit
VGT Variable Geometry Turbocharger
Water-in-Fuel Sensor Sensor mounted in the bottom of the fuel filter/water separator that
(WIF) indicates if too much water is contained in the bottom of the filter.