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By Anthony J. Shalna 2009 Principal IMSA Representative to the Automatic Fire Alarm Association
President: Southeastern Signalmen of Massachusetts
Retired Approvals Manager: Gamewell-FCI by Honeywell
MASTER BOXES
proved for a shunt trip to manual
stations and waterflow switches.
This trip unit also contains a coil, that short circuit the EOL resistor. master box could contain any num-
but the coil is connected to a dedi- The advantage of this type of box is ber of Class A or B initiating circuits,
cated, supervised city box circuit of that it can send multiple coded sig- depending on the manufacturer,
a fire alarm control panel listed for nals that may be used for signaling and, like the electronic master box,
municipal connection. The trip coil trouble, supervisory or zoned alarm is capable of transmitting multiple
acts as an end of line device, and signals, as desired. Its power is ob- coded signals.
only one trip unit may be connected tained from the protected premises
to this circuit. The LE trip derives its control panel. The current electronic Connections to a radio master box
name from the use of local energy master box is Listed for use at a great are similar to those in the electronic
from the protected premises control range of temperature and humidity master box. Alarms are created by
panel. When the panel goes into extremes. shorting the initiating circuit(s) by
alarm, current is applied to the Local means of dry contacts in associated
Energy trip unit, allowing it to rotate RADIO MASTER BOXES fire alarm control panels or directly
and set off the box mechanism. One from detectors or stations. The radio
very important thing to remember is master boxes can also send different
that there is no electrical connection zone signals to the central console,
between a LE trip and the city box giving the fire department valuable
mechanism or circuit. The connec- advance information regarding high
tion is purely mechanical, as the LE rise fires, special hazards, special oc-
trip lever spins and physically hits cupancies, etc. Trouble and Supervi-
the box trip lever extension. Reset sory signals can also be transmitted.
supervision is accomplished by A central office for radio signaling is
means of a set of normally closed the same as for radio street boxes.
contacts in the trip unit in series with Redundant receiving consoles are
the coil. These contacts are nick- used for fail-safe reasons. Test
named suicide contacts and open signals are transmitted periodically
when the unit is tripped. They close for supervision. A missing test signal
when the trip is physically reset. results in a box missing signal be-
Hence, when the unit is tripped, it ing displayed on the console.
will create a trouble condition on the Keltron Radio Box
city box circuit until reset. An inter- With the recent economy problems,
esting fact is that the LE trip unit is some fire departments are preferring
activated by applying current. The multiple or zoned alarm signals.
unit is set to trip at approximately Ordinarily a large response is made
.250 milliamperes, voltage not being to an alarm of fire, often with ladder
relevant. Hence, it can be tripped by trucks, etc. only to find a small fire
a 12 or 24 VDC control panel, and is that activated a single heat detector.
not involved in battery calculations, Meanwhile resources are limited
since the suicide contacts immedi- in the event of a simultaneous or
ately disconnect it from the circuit. subsequent alarm that may require
At one time, the trip was also rated a maximum response. Thus activa-
for higher voltage AC use, requiring tion of a single device such as a
1/3 amp. of AC current. SigComm Radio Box detector or pull station will allow
Radio master boxes are somewhat the fire dept. to provide a minimum
ELECTRONIC MASTER BOXES different from street boxes, since response and not tie up scarce re-
Recently, thanks to the latest elec- they are located where plenty of sources that might be required to
tronic technology, an electronic power is available. These master respond to other alarms. Multiple
master box has been introduced. boxes might be located in ordinary zones or devices in alarm would
This unit connects in place of the looking sheet metal enclosures and indicate a large, expanding fire al-
old electromechanical unit, often need not be located outside the lowing the fire department adequate
in a similar housing. It contains building, since they are not wired reserves to provide a maximum
electronically controlled municipal to a city circuit. They somewhat response.
signaling contacts and features two- resemble a conventional fire alarm
wire initiating circuits with end of control panel except the notification
line resistor that are activated by appliance circuits are replaced by a
dry contacts on the control panel radio transmitter and antenna. This
Page 34 IMSA Journal