Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Size reduction
1- A material is crushed in a Blake jaw crusher such that the average size of particle
is reduced from 50 mm to 10 mm with the consumption of energy of 13.0
kW/(kg/s). What would be the consumption of energy needed to crush the same
material of average size 75 mm to an average size of 25 mm:
a) Assuming Rittingers law applies?
b) Assuming Kicks law applies?
3- If crushing rolls, 1 m in diameter, are set so that the crushing surfaces are 12.5
mm apart and the angle of nip is 31, what is the maximum size of particle which
should be fed to the rolls?
If the actual capacity of the machine is 12 per cent of the theoretical, calculate the
throughput in kg/s when running at 2.0 m/s if the working face of the rolls is 0.4
m long and the bulk density of the feed is 2500kg/m3.
4- A ball mill , 1.2 m in diameter , is running at 0.8 Hz and it is found that the mill is
not working properly .Should any modification in the condition of operation
suggested ?
Answer of sheet(1)
1-
2-
=100 ton/h Wi=12.74
Dpa=2*25.4=50.8 mm Dpb=0.125*25.4=3.175 mm
P= 100*0.3162*12.74*
=169.6 kW
It may be concluded that the speed of rotation is too high that the balls are
being carried round in contact with the sides of mill
OR
Sheet (2) Drying
1-
For the first drying operation:
f1=w1-we=0.35-0.04=0.31
fc=wc-we=0.14-0.04=0.1
f=w-we=0.16-0.04=0.06
t =
18 =
= 6.8944
f1=w1-we=0.35-0.04=0.31
fc=wc-we=0.14-0.04=0.1
f=w-we=0.06-0.04=0.02
t =
t= = 25.5744 ks
2-
Thus:
t = 25 ks, E= (0.06/0.21) = 0.286
plot E versus J from the given table :
J = 0.52
0.52 = (k 25)/(10/2)2
k = 0.52 = constant
E = (0.03/0.15) = 0.20
From the figure
J = 0.63
t = J * l 2/k
= 0.63(60/2)2 / 0.52
= 1090 ks (12.6 days)
3-
4-
(taking we as zero because this is non-porous solid)
t =
= 13,707 s = 13.707 ks
5-
1-
For concentrations in kg sucrose/kg water:
2-
a- At 360 K,
1500 kg KCl will be dissolved in (1500 100)/53.55 = 2801 kg water.
b- At 290 K,
the mass of KCl dissolved in 2801 kg water = (2801 34.5)/100 = 966 kg
3-
The ratio, R =( molecular mass of hydrate/molecular mass of
anhydrous salt )
= (322/142) = 2.27
The initial concentration, c1 = (1000/5000) = 0.2 kg Na2SO4/kg water
The final concentration, c2 = (9/100) = 0.09 kg Na2SO4/kg water
The initial mass of water, w1 = 5000 kg
and the water lost by evaporation, E = (2/100) = 0.02 kg/kg
y= 5000*2.27* = 1432 kg Na2SO4.10H2O
4-
The initial concentration of the solution = 0.3 kg/kg solution
or: c1 = 0.3/(1 0.3) = 0.428 kg/kg water.
The final concentration of the solution, c2 = (21.5/100) = 0.215
kg/kg water.
The feed of 10 Mg of solution contains (10 0.3) = 3 Mg of
anhydrous salt
And (10 3) = 7 Mg of water.
Thus:
R = (286.2/106) = 2.7
= 6536 kg .
Sheet (4)-filtration
1- A slurry containing 100 kg of whiting, of density 3000 kg/m3, per
m3 of water, and, is filtered in a plate and frame press, which takes
900 s to dismantle, clean, and re-assemble. If the cake is
incompressible and has a voidage of 0.4, what is the optimum
thickness of cake for a filtration pressure (P) of 1000kN/m2?
The density of the whiting is 3000 kg/m3. The resistance of the
filter medium may be neglected and the viscosity of water is 1
mNs/m2. In an experiment, a pressure difference of 165 kN/m2
produced a flow of water of 0.02 cm3/s through a centimeter cube
of filter cake.
1-
The basic filtration equation may be written as:
In experiment
In equation (1)
r = 8.25 1013
At constant pressure :
the optimum cake thickness occurs when the filtration time is equal to the downtime
t=900 s
2-
For constant pressure filtration in a rotary filter:
or: V 2 t 1/N
where N is the speed of rotation.
As V 1/ and the rate of filtration is V/t, then:
V/t (1/N )(1/t) (N/N 0.5) N 0.5
0.5
0.0075/0.0160 = 0.030.5/N0.52
N2 = 0.136 Hz
3-
Drum filter
Area of filtering surface = (0.6 0.6) = 0.36 m2
Rate of filtration = 0.125 kg/s
= (0.125/1000) = 1.25 104 m3/s of filtrate
1 kg or 103 m3 water is associated with 0.2 kg of solids = 0.2 / (3 103)
= 6.67 105 m3 of solids in the slurry.
Since the cake porosity is 0.5,
6.67 105 m3 of water is held in the filter cake and
(103 6.67 105) = 9.33 104 m3 appears as filtrate, per kg of total water
in the slurry.
Volume of cake deposited by unit volume of filtrate,
v = (6.67 105 2)/(9.33 104) = 0.143.
Volumetric rate of deposition of solids = (1.25 104 0.143)
= 1.79 105 m3/s.
One revolution takes 360 s. Therefore the given piece of filtering surface is
immersed for (360 0.2) = 72 s
The bulk volume of cake deposited per revolution = (1.79 105 360)
= 6.44 103 m3
.
Thickness of cake produced = (6.44 10 )/(0.36) = 5.7 103 m or 5.7mm
3
At constant pressure
K = 3.38 1010
Filter Press
Using a filter press with n frames of thickness b m, the total time, for one
complete cycle of the press = (tf + 120n + 240) s,
where tf is the time during which filtration is occurring.
tf = 2.064 105 b2