Combined Structural and Piping Analysis Methodology - ANSYS

Document No.
: RPT-5156119-ST-0001
Rev: A
Page 1 of 45
LOW ACTIVITY WASTE PRE-TREATMENT

SYSTEMS (LAWPS)
ANSYS Modeling and Code Evaluation

Methodology for Structural and Piping
Analyses
Project Number: 5156119 IDV

Print
Name
Contract Number: URSFS44408 Sign /
Date
DRCM Reference: DRCM-5156119-EG-0001 QL-2
Rev Date Revision Status Originator Checker Approver
A Initial Release C. Hendrix D. Croft C. Hendrix
ENG-03.18-1 Rev 6
Document No.: RPT-5156119-ST-0001
Rev: A
Page 2 of 45
History Sheet
Rev Reason for Revision Originator
A Initial Release for Review C. Hendrix
Rev: A
Page 3 of 45
Table of Contents
1 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 6
2 SCOPE ........................................................................................................................ 6
3 ASSUMPTIONS .......................................................................................................... 6
3.1 Assumptions Requiring verification........................................................................... 6
3.2 Assumptions not requiring verification .................................................................... 7
4 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................ 7
4.1 Materials ............................................................................................................................... 7
4.1.1 Material Properties for Structural Analysis ...................................................... 7
4.1.2 Code Allowable Stresses ...............................................................................10
4.2 Modeling ............................................................................................................................. 13
4.2.1 Frames/Supports ...........................................................................................13
4.2.2 Piping ............................................................................................................14
4.2.3 External Piping ..............................................................................................17
4.2.4 Vessels/Confinement .....................................................................................17
4.2.5 Nozzles ..........................................................................................................18
4.2.6 Valve Equipment............................................................................................19
4.2.7 Lifting .............................................................................................................19
4.2.8 Solid Geometry ..............................................................................................20
4.2.9 Other .............................................................................................................20
4.3 Inputs................................................................................................................................... 20
4.3.1 Piping ............................................................................................................20
4.3.2 Structural Sections.........................................................................................23
4.3.3 Structural Welds ............................................................................................24
4.3.4 Bolts/U-Bolts/Studs ........................................................................................31
4.4 Load Definitions and Combinations ......................................................................... 31
4.4.1 AISC N690 Evaluations .................................................................................31
4.4.2 ASME B31.3 Evaluations ...............................................................................32
4.4.3 ASME Section VIII Evaluations ......................................................................34
4.4.4 Dead Load .....................................................................................................35
4.4.5 Live Load .......................................................................................................36
4.4.6 Hydraulic transient loads................................................................................36
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4.4.7 Temperature ..................................................................................................36

4.4.8 Seismic Load .................................................................................................36
4.4.9 Load Combination Summary .........................................................................42
5 CALCULATION FORMAT..........................................................................................44
5.1 Outline ................................................................................................................................. 44
6 REFERENCES ...........................................................................................................44
6.1 Project Specific Documents ........................................................................................ 44
6.2 Hanford Specific Requirement Documents ........................................................... 44
6.3 Codes/Specification Documents ............................................................................... 44
6.4 Other Refernces............................................................................................................... 45
List of Tables
Table 4-1 AISC N690 Material Properties ................................................................................... 8
Table 4-2 ASME B31.3 Material Properties ................................................................................. 9
Table 4-3 ASME BPVC Material Properties .............................................................................. 10
Table 4-4 AISC-N690 Pipe Supports and Vessel Support Material Allowable Stress ................ 11
Table 4-5 AISC-N690 Bolt Material Allowable Stress ................................................................ 11
Table 4-6 ASME B31.3 Piping Material Allowable Stress .......................................................... 12
Table 4-7 ASME BPVC Material Allowable Stress .................................................................... 13
Table 4-8 Physical Characteristics ............................................................................................ 21
Table 4-9 Piping & Fitting Information ....................................................................................... 22
Table 4-10 Tube Steel Information ............................................................................................ 23
Table 4-11 Shape Information ................................................................................................... 24
Table 4-12 TS to TS Flare Bevel Horizontal End to Face Line Weld Information .................... 26
Table 4-13 TS to TS Flare Bevel Horizontal End to Face Line Weld Information .................... 27
Table 4-14 TS to TS Bevel Miter Corner Line Weld Information ............................................. 27
Table 4-15 TS to Plate Fillet Line Weld Information................................................................ 28
Table 4-16 L to TS - Flare Bevel Horizontal / Fillet Vertical ....................................................... 29
Table 4-17 C to TS - Flare Bevel Top & Bottom Horizontal / Fillet Vertical ................................ 29
Table 4-18 L to TS Fillet Weld ................................................................................................ 30
Table 4-19 C to TS Fillet Top & Bottom Horizontal / Flare Bevel Vertical ............................... 30
Table 4-20 Load Combinations for AISC N690 Evaluation ........................................................ 32
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Table 4-21 ASME B31.3 Loads and Criteria for Pipe Evaluation ............................................... 33
Table 4-22 ASME B31.3 Loading/Failure Mode Correlations .................................................... 34
Table 4-23 ASME Section VIII Load Combinations for Shell Evaluation .................................... 35
Table 4-24 Component SDC and Limit State ............................................................................ 38
Table 4-25 Preliminary Horizontal Response Spectra (5% Damped) ........................................ 39
Table 4-26 Preliminary Vertical Response Spectra (5% Damped)............................................. 40
Table 4-27 Load Combination Summary ................................................................................... 43
List of Figures
Figure 4-1: Piping Anchor ......................................................................................................... 14
Figure 4-2: Remote Top Entry Plug Valve ................................................................................. 16
Figure 4-3: Remote Top Entry Plug Valve With 6in Support Sleeve ....................................... 16
Figure 4-4 ANSYS to AUTOPIPE Transition Locations ............................................................. 17
Figure 4-5 Lateral Loading Methodology for Nozzle Stub .......................................................... 18
Figure 4-6 ANSYS Plot of Typical Nozzle Model ....................................................................... 19
Figure 4-7 East/West Response Spectra 5% Damping .......................................................... 41
Figure 4-8 North/South Response Spectra................................................................................ 41
Figure 4-9 Vertical Response Spectra ....................................................................................... 42
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1 INTRODUCTION
Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS) is the Tank Operating Contractor (TOC) for the U.S.
Department of Energy-Office of River Protection (DOE-ORP) on the Hanford Site. The Hanford Site
stores an estimated 56 million gallons of mixed radioactive and chemically hazardous waste in large
underground tanks. WRPS is in the process of designing the LAWPS to produce Low Activity Waste
(LAW) from Hanford tank waste. The LAW will be transferred to the Waste Treatment and
Immobilization Plant (WTP) LAW Vitrification Facility, where the hazardous constituents in the LAW
will be immobilized in a durable glass waste form for disposal.
Before transferring the feed to the WTP LAW Vitrification Facility, tank supernatant waste will be
pretreated in the LAWPS to meet the WTP LAW waste acceptance criteria. The key process
operations for treating the waste include solids filtration and cesium removal. A Cross Flow Filter
(CFF) was selected as the solids removal technology. The technology selected for Cesium Ion
Exchange (IX) column filled with elutable spherical Resorcinol Formaldehyde (sRF) resin.
2 SCOPE
A variety of Build-To-Print (BTP) scopes of work will be awarded by WRPS to support long lead
procurements associated with the LAWPS facility process support equipment. Examples of facility
process support equipment that will be part of the long lead BTP includes vessels, tanks, piping,
piping supports, skids, etc. This methodology will describe the methods to be used in ANSYS to model
the geometry, apply the loads and boundary conditions, the load combinations, as well as the post
processing. The results of the post processing will be used to evaluate the process support equipment
to applicable codes and standards. It will not cover the methodologies to be used on the
interconnecting facility piping, which will be done by others using AutoPIPE. The primary codes and
standards used for qualification evaluations for this scope are:
Structural Evaluations: AISC N690 (AISC 360 Steel by reference)
Piping Evaluations: ASME B31.3 Process Piping
Nozzle/Nozzle Reinforcements Evaluations for thin-walled components: ASME Boiler &
Pressure Vessel code (BPVC)
Lifting Evaluations: ASME B30.20 and BTH-1
Hanford Specific Design & Evaluation Requirements:
o TFC-ENG-STD-06,
o TFC-ENG-STD-22
o TFC-ENG-DESIGN-C-60 (by reference from TFC-ENG-STD-22, piping design).
3 ASSUMPTIONS
3.1 ASSUMPTIONS REQUIRING VERIFICATION

3.1.1. WRPS Chief Engineer will provide exemption from requirement in TFC-ENG-DESIGN-C-60
(Ref. 6.2.3 by reference from 6.2.2), Section 4.5 to use AutoPIPE for piping structural
analyses.
3.1.2. Final In-Structure Response Spectra will be provided before final design. 60% design based
upon preliminary data from CFF Procurement Specification, Table 3-12 (Ref. 6.1.2).
3.1.3. The operating deck shield plates are assumed to be infinitely rigid, thereby allowing no
vertical movement of the shield plugs and imparting no vertical loads into the valves.
Rev: A
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3.2 ASSUMPTIONS NOT REQUIRING VERIFICATION

3.2.1. For facility process support equipment including vessels, tanks, interconnecting piping,
piping supports, skids, etc., AECOM will perform AFT IMPULSE flow transient analyses and
Atkins will perform the required ASME B31.3 code evaluations using ANSYS and following
the process described in TFC-ENG-DESIGN-C-60 (Ref. 6.2.3), Section 4.5.
3.2.2. The valve actuator drive shaft below the operating deck shield plates will be excluded from
the analysis due to the fact that the configuration arrangement prevents transfer of vertical
loads through the shaft. Vertical movement is allowed through the split coupling at the top
as well as two universal joints between the shield plug and the valve body.
3.2.3. Value actuator drive shaft mass will be included in the mass of the shield plug if it is less
than 5-feet long. Otherwise, the entire shaft weight will be conservatively included as a
lumped mass element at the valve.
4 METHODOLOGY
4.1 MATERIALS
4.1.1 Material Properties for Structural Analysis

The most common materials used in the construction of the BTP process support equipment are
shown in the tables in this section. These tables provide the material property values to be used in the
analysis based upon the applicable evaluation code. The SOW (Ref. 6.1.2) only specifies the use of
ANSI/AISC N690, Specification for Safety-Related Steel Structures for Nuclear facilities, 2012 edition
(Ref. 6.3.1) for the fabrication of structural steel elements. However, this project will also use
ANSI/AISC N690-12 for the design of all structural elements. ANSI/AISC N690-12 is a supplement to
the baseline 2010 AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (Ref. 6.3.2) and modifies the
specific portions to make it applicable to the design, fabrication and erection of safety-related steel
structures for nuclear facilities. As defined in ANSI/AISC N690, Section NA3.1a (Ref. 6.3.1), the
strength of structural stainless steel members, assemblies and connections shall be determined in
accordance with the requirements in Sections 3, 4 and 5 of ANSI/ASCE 8 (Table 4-1). If ANSI/ASCE 8
does not include the material properties required, ASME BPVC-13, Section II, Part D (Ref. 6.3.8) will
be used. All vessels or thin-walled components will have material properties consistent with ASME
BPVC-13, Section II, Part D (Ref. 6.3.86.3.8) and all piping and piping components shall be in
accordance with ASME B31.3-12 (Ref. 6.3.15).
If any equipment has a unique material requirement, its properties will be identified in the
corresponding calculation. The modulus of elasticity is taken at 70 F, which is conservative since the
modulus of elasticity goes down as temperature increases, thereby reducing the stresses. All other
material properties are taken at the design temperature.
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Table 4-1 AISC N690 Material Properties

Modulus of
Elasticity Poisson's Density Coefficient of Thermal
ASTM Grade UNS x106 psi at 70 F Ratio lb/in3 Thermal Expansion Conductivity
E n r x10-6 in/in/F BTU/hr-ft-F
Note 2 & 3 Note 4 Note 5 Note 6 Note 7
A193
Nitronic
A240 S21800 28 0.3 0.29 8.84 9.12
60
A276
A193 Class 1 S31600 28 0.3 0.29 8.84 8.68
A194 Class 2 S31600 28 0.3 0.29 8.84 8.68
A307 Grade B - 28 0.3 0.29 8.84 8.68
A240
A276
304 S30400 28 0.3 0.29 8.84 9.12
A312
A554
A240 304L S30403 28.3 0.3 0.29 8.84 9.12
A240 316 S31600 28 0.3 0.29 8.84 8.68
A240
A269
A276 316L S31603 28.3 0.3 0.29 8.84 8.68
A312
A554
Note:
1) Values given for the Design Temperatures of 170F (Ref. 6.1.2) and are linear
interpolations
2) Ref. 6.3.5 Table A4a (Annealed) for 304 and 316
3) Ref. 6.3.8 Table TM-1 (Group G) for 304L and 316L
4) Ref. 6.3.5 Section 3.3.1.1, and 3.4
5) Ref. 6.3.8 Table PRD (High Alloy Steels (300 series))
6) Ref. 6.3.8 Table TE-1 (Group 3), Mean Value (B)
7) Ref. 6.3.8 Per Table TCD (Group J [304 & Nitronic60] and K [316])
Rev: A
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Table 4-2 ASME B31.3 Material Properties

Mean Coefficient
Modulus of
Poisson's Density of Thermal
Elasticity
6
Ratio lb/in3 Thermal Conductivity
ASTM Grade UNS x10 psi at 70 F
n r Expansion BTU/hr-ft-F
E
x10-6 in/in/F
Note 2 Note 3 Note 4 Note 5 Note 6
A240
A276 304 S30400 28.3 0.3 0.29 9.282 9.12
A312
A240
A276 304L S30403 28.3 0.3 0.29 9.282 9.12
A312
A182
A240
A269
A276 316 S31600 28.3 0.3 0.29 9.282 8.68
A312
A403
A182
A182
A240
A269
A276 316L S31603 28.3 0.3 0.29 9.282 8.68
A312
A403
A182
Note:
1) Values given for the Design Temperatures of 170F (Ref. 6.1.2) and are linear
interpolations
2) Ref. 6.3.15 Table C-6
3) Ref. 6.3.15 Paragraph 319.3.3
5) Ref. 6.3.8 Table C-3 (Austenitic Stainless Steels)
6) Ref. 6.3.8 Table TCD, Group K (316) and Group J (304)
Rev: A
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Table 4-3 ASME BPVC Material Properties
Modulus of
Elasticity Poisson's Density Coefficient of
ASTM Grade UNS 6
x10 psi at 70 F Thermal Expansion Thermal Conductivity
Ratio lb/in3
E n r x10-6 in/in/F BTU/hr-ft-F
Note 2 Note 3 Note 4 Note 5 Note 6
A193
A240 Nitronic 60 S21800 25.8 0.31 0.29 8.84 9.12
A276
A240
A276
304 S30400 28.3 0.31 0.29 8.84 9.12
A312
A554
A240
A276
304L S30403 28.3 0.31 0.29 8.84 9.12
A312
A554
A182
A193
A194
A240
A269 316 S31600 28.3 0.31 0.29 8.84 8.68
A276
A312
A403
SA-182
A182
A193
A194
A240
A269 316L 28.3 0.31 0.29 8.84 8.68
S31603
A276
A312
A403
SA-182
Note:
1) Values given for the Design Temperatures of 170F (Ref. 6.1.2) and are linear interpolations
2) Ref. 6.3.8 Table TM-1 (Group G and I)
5) Ref. 6.3.8 the mean value B in the Table TE-1(Group 3)
6) Ref. 6.3.8 Table TCD (Group J [304] and K [316])
4.1.2 Code Allowable Stresses

The allowable stresses vary depending upon the required code or standard for each BTP process
support equipment component or assembly. Table 4-4 presents the 2012 edition of AISC N690-12
(Ref. 6.3.1) and the 2010 edition of AISC 360 (Ref. 6.3.2) allowable stresses used for evaluation of the
skid frames, pipe supports, and structural members and Table 4-5 provides the allowable stresses for
bolts and alignment pins. Conservatively, all bolt evaluations and allowable stresses are based upon
threads are allowed in the shear plane. Alignment pins, which are generally made from Nitronic60,
allowable stresses and evaluations are based upon the threads being excluded from the shear plane.
If Nitronic60 is used as a bolting material, the allowable stress will be reduced to allow any threads to
Rev: A
Page 11 of 45
be in the shear plane. If tensile and yield strengths are not provided in either AISC N690-12 or AISC
360-10, ASME BPVC Section II, Part D (Ref. 6.3.8) will be used. Table 4-6 lists the allowable stresses
that will be used for such evaluations.
Notes:
1) Ref. 6.3.15 Table A-1
2) For Dual Certified the greater values are selected/used
3) Allowable Stress values given for the Design Temperatures of 170F (Ref. 6.1.2) and are
linear interpolations
Table 4-7 lists the pertinent allowable stresses from ASME BPVC VIII, Division 1 and 2, 2013 edition
(Ref. 6.3.9 and 6.3.10) for use in the code evaluations vessels or similar thin-walled components. All
process piping will be evaluated using the 2012 edition of ASME B31.3 (Ref.6.3.15).
Table 4-4 AISC-N690 Pipe Supports and Vessel Support Material Allowable Stress
Allowable Stress Allowable Stress Allowable Stress Allowable Stress
Weak Axis Bending Weak Axis Bending Bending - Box, Rect. & Bending - Box, Rect. & Allowable
Tensile Yield Allowable Stress Solid/Shapes Solid/Shapes Round Round Stress
ASTM Grade UNS
Strength, Strength, Axial Compact Sections Noncompact Sections Compact Sections Noncompact Sections Shear
Su (ksi) Sy (ksi) Fa (ksi) Fb (ksi) Fb (ksi) Fb (ksi) Fb (ksi) Fv (ksi)
Note 6 & 7 Note 4 & 5
A240
A276
304 S30400 75 30 Note 11 22.5 18 19.8 18 12.0
A312
A554
A240
A276
304L S30403 70 25 Note 11 18.75 15 16.5 15 10.0
A312
A554
A240
A269
A276 316 S31600 75 30 Note 11 22.5 18 19.8 18 12.0
A312
A554
A240
A269
A276 316L S31603 70 25 Note 11 18.75 15 16.5 15 10.0
A312
A554
Table 4-5 AISC-N690 Bolt & Alignment Pin Material Allowable Stress
Tensile Yield Nominal Tensile Allowable Stress
Strength, Strength, Strength Bolt Shear
ASTM Grade UNS
Su (ksi) Sy (ksi) Fnt (ksi) Fnv (ksi)
Note 6 & 7 Note 4 & 5 Note 8, 9 & 10 Note 8, 9 & 10
A193
A240 Nitronic 60 S21800 95 50 71.25 53.485
A276
A193 Class 1 S31600 75 30 56 33.7
A194 Class 2 S31600 110 95 93.7 56.2
A307 Grade B - 60 36 45 27
Notes for Table 4-4 and Table 4-5

1) Ref. 6.3.8 Table 2A
2) For Dual Certified material the greater value of the two is listed
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3) Ultimate Strength, Yield Strength and Allowable Stress values linear interpolations to
Design Temperatures of 170F (Ref. 6.1.2)
4) Ref. 6.3.6 Table A1,; Annealed (see AISC N690-12 Sect. NA3, 1a) for 304 and 316
5) Per Table Y of ASME BPVC 2013 Section II, Part D for 304L and 316L
6) Ref. 6.3.6 Table A16, Annealed
Ref. 6.3.1, Sect. NA3, 1a) for 304 and 316
7) Ref. 6.3.8 Table U for 304L and 316L
8) Ref. 6.3.6 Table 6, SS Bolts, Threads in shear plane (see Ref. 6.3.1 Sect. NA3, 1a)
9) Ref. 6.3.2 Table J3.2, A307 w/ threads permitted in shear plane
10) Ref. 6.3.2 Table J3.2, Threaded Parts w/ threads excluded from shear plane
(alignment pins)
11) Ref. 6.3.2, Allowable Axial Compressive Strength, Chapter E
Table 4-6 ASME B31.3 Piping Material Allowable Stress
Allowable Allowable Primary - Allowable Primary -
Stress Sustained Stress Occasional Stress
Tensile Yield (Minimum (Maximum (Maximum
ASTM Grade UNS
Strength, Strength, Temperature) Temperature) Temperature)
Su (ksi) Sy (ksi) Sc (ksi) Sh (ksi) 1.5Sh (ksi)
Note 1, 2, 3 Note 1, 2, 3 Note 1, 2, 3 Note 1, 2, 3 Note 1, 2, 3
A240
A276 304 S30400 75 30 20 20 30
A312
A240
A276 304L S30403 70 25 16.7 16.7 25.05
A312
A182
A240
A269 316 or
S31600/S316
A276 316/316L 75 30 20 20 30
03
A312 (dual cert.)
A403
A182
A182
A240
A269
A276 316L S31603 70 25 16.7 16.7 25.05
A312
A403
A182
Notes:
1) Ref. 6.3.15 Table A-1
3) Allowable Stress values given for the Design Temperatures of 170F (Ref. 6.1.2) and are
linear interpolations
Rev: A
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Table 4-7 ASME BPVC Material Allowable Stress

4
Allowable Stress
4
Tensile Yield Allowable Stress Allowable Stress Membrane or
ASTM Grade UNS
Strength, Strength, Membrane Membrane + Bending Membrane + Bending
Su (ksi) Sy (ksi) S (ksi) 3S (ksi) 2Sy (ksi)
A193
A240 Nitronic 60 S21800 95 50 27.6 82.8 100
A276
A240
304 S30400 75 30 20.0 60 60
A276
304 or
A240
304/304L S30400/S30403 75 30 20.0 60 60
A276
(dual cert.)
A240
A276 304L S30403 70 25 16.7 50.1 50
A312
A182
A240 316 or
A276 316/316L S31600/S31603 75 30 20.0 60 60
A312 (dual cert.)
A403
A182
A240
A269 316L S31603 70 25 16.7 50.1 50
A276
A312
Notes:
1) Ref. 6.3.8 Table 2A
3) Allowable Stress values given for the Design Temperatures of 170F (Ref. 6.1.2) and are linear
interpolations
4) Use lesser of the two allowables if deformation is not allowable. Use the greater in cases were
deformation is acceptable, but rupture is not acceptable.
4.2 MODELING
All modeling shall be performed in the general purpose finite element program ANSYS. ANSYS
Version 17 is the most current version qualified for use as a Level B software in accordance with the
Atkins quality assurance program (Verification and Validation report Ref. 6.4.3). All verification and
validation testing as well as periodic in-use testing for each computer is documented in the in-use-test
log (Ref. 6.4.4). Currently, all verified computers are 64-bit Intel based personal computers using the
Windows operating system.
The models will be developed with sufficient detail to allow for the evaluation of the skid frames,
piping, piping supports, confinement, vessels, etc. in accordance with applicable codes and standards.
Model x, y, and z directions are taken to be lateral, lateral, and vertical, respectively. Table 4-25 and
Table 4-26 from Section 4.4.8 correlates x, y, and z directions with the global orientation of the
process equipment. All input shall be in English inch units (inch, lbs, sec, psi, etc.).
4.2.1 Frames/Supports
The structural skid frame, pipe supports and other structural members shall be developed using one
dimensional elements such as BEAM44 and BEAM188 elements. Section property data (see
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Sections 4.3.2.2 and 4.3.2.3) should be input using SECDATA commands, with the origin set to allow
coincident or common nodes where the frame interfaces with other process equipment or the facility.
Results extracted from ANSYS shall consist of forces and moments acting on the full element cross-
section, suitable for use in code evaluations against the AISC N690-12, Specification for the Design,
Fabrication, and Erection of Steel Safety Related Structures for Nuclear Facilities (Ref. 6.3.1). The
connections between the frame components, supports or structural members and process equipment,
piping or the facility will be either bolted and/or welded. The forces and moments at the interface
locations will be extracted and used to evaluate the connection design or, in the case of facility
interfaces, provided in the report for embed sizing. These connections will be represented by rigid
links, beams and/or spring elements as required to represent the actual configuration. The following
list provides an overview of the type of connections that are expected to be part of the design and
evaluated:
Welds (Beam Element Nodes) Bolts (Spring Elements)

Beam to Beam Plate to Beam
Plate to Plate Component to Plate
Beam to Plate Component to Beam
Plate to Plate
4.2.2 Piping
The waste transfer piping systems, sub-systems, jumpers and related process piping shall meet the
requirements defined in the SOW Attachment 1 (Ref. 6.1.1), TFC-ENG-STD-22 (Ref. 6.2.2), TFC-
ENG-DESIGN-C-60 (Ref. 6.2.3). TFC-ENG-DESIGN-C-60 outlines the use of ASME B31.3 - 2012
(Ref. 6.3.15) for determining stresses due to internal pressure and longitudinal stress resulting from
sustained and occasional loads. Additionally, TFC-ENG-DESIGN-C-60 includes evaluation
requirements to demonstrate that peak pressures and stresses resulting from potential unanticipated
overpressures or flow transients during waste transfer are less than limits established in the ASME
Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC), Section III, Division 1, Subsection ND for Service Level D
(Ref. 6.3.8). The hydraulic transient analyses will be done by others in a separate AFT IMPULSE
analysis and provided as input to the ASME B31.3 evaluations. A detailed discussion on the piping
analysis methodology is provided below.
Figure 4-1 Piping Anchor
Piping systems shall be modeled as an assemblage of pipe elements supported by hangers, guides,
anchors (Figure 4-1), and struts. Piping shall be developed using one-dimensional (1D) PIPE
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elements using section properties defined in accordance with the data provided in Section 4.3.1.5.
When possible, the actual size, weight and stiffness will be input directly into ANSYS using piping
commands. Valves, valve actuators, and piping components not specifically modeled, will be captured
by adding a mass at the correct center of gravity location(s) using MASS21 elements, supported by
either rigid link elements (MPC184) or beam elements (BEAM188 or similar). The link or beam
element will be chosen based upon what most accurately represent the geometry and stiffness of the
arrangement being modeled. Figure 4-2 and Figure 4-3 below show standard, remote top entry plug
valve arrangements used on the LAWPS project. Nozzle loading and interfacing piping loads for the
CFF filter modules will be extracted and provided in the final report.
The torsional and bending effects of valve operators and other pipe-mounted equipment with offset
centers of gravity with respect to the piping centerline shall be included in the model. All pipe runs
shall include the mass of the pipe, any fluid contents and any insulation, evenly distributed and
accounted for using piping material properties and/or mass elements. Results extracted from the
ANSYS pipe elements shall consist of forces and moments acting on the full element cross-section,
suitable for use in code evaluations against ASME B31.3-12, normal fluid service requirements (Ref.
6.3.8).
The actuator shafts will not be specifically modeled as the arrangement prevents them from
transferring loads (see assumption 3.2.2). However, as noted in assumption 3.2.3, the shaft mass will
be accounted for in one of two ways: 1) if the actuator shaft is less than 5-feet long, its mass will be
lumped with the shield plug, or 2) if the actuator shaft is longer than 5-feet, the mass will be added to
the valve (either as a change in density or a MASS21 element). Shafts longer than 5-feet need to be
evaluated for lateral supports using hand calculations.
Anchors at equipment such as tanks, pumps and heat exchangers shall be modeled with calculated
stiffness properties or as infinitely rigid restraints as applicable based upon available information.
Only the mass effects of in-line equipment with a fundamental frequency of 33 Hz or greater shall be
modeled as a lumped mass. Otherwise, a simplified model of the in-line equipment shall be included
in the piping system model.
The effects of a flow transient resulting from valve-induced water hammer, column separation, or
surge on waste transfer system are to be evaluated. The peak pressures and stresses resulting from
these events will be determined by others using AFT IMPULSE and used as input to the occasional
load case longitudinal stresses (SL). The longitudinal stresses due to sustained loads shall be in
accordance with ASME B31.3, paragraph 320 (supplemented as necessary with Appendix S) and
Applying the ASME Codes: Plant Piping & Pressure Vessels (Ref. 6.4.2 Chapter 1).
Piping fatigue analysis will be done using ASME B31.3, paragraph 302.3.5 (Ref. 6.3.15) and the
methodology provided in Applying the ASME Codes: Plant Piping & Pressure Vessels (Ref. 6.4.2
Chapter 1). The allowable stress range (SA) will be calculated using equation 1(b) when Sh is greater
than SL. Otherwise, equation 1(a) will be used. This is the recommended method per reference 6.4.2
since SL is directly calculated by ANSYS for each pipe element. The stress range reduction factor (f)
will be calculated using equation 1(c). The total number of cycles shall be calculated using equation
1(d), with the number of actual full-stress range thermal expansion load cycles (NE) being equal to the
total number of process cycles defined in the appropriate statements of work (Ref. 6.1.1) and the
procurement specifications and, if applicable, the total number of partial displacement loading cycles
(Ni). Pressure cycles, including hydraulic transient pressures, are not included in the fatigue analysis
as they are considered acceptable if the pipe wall thickness meets the requirements of ASME B31.3,
paragraph 304 (Ref. 6.3.15). The displacement stress range stress (SE) is then calculated (using
equation 17), which is then compared to the calculated allowable stress range (SA). As long as the
Rev: A
Page 16 of 45
calculated displacement stress range stress (SE) is less than or equal to the allowable stress range
(SA), the pipe section in question passes the fatigue evaluation.
If unlisted components or materials are used in the design, these components and materials will be
evaluated in accordance with ASME B31.3, paragraphs 302.2.3, 304.7.2 and 323.1.2 as applicable
(Ref. 6.3.15).
Figure 4-2 Remote Top Entry Plug Valve
Figure 4-3 Remote Top Entry Plug Valve With 6in Support Sleeve
Rev: A
Page 17 of 45
4.2.3 External Piping

Piping on skids or jumpers will be extended to the next logical interface point. This will allow for easy
transitions between the support equipment process piping analyzed in ANSYS and the facility
interconnecting piping analyzed in AutoPIPE. External piping will be modeled using the same
techniques and approaches described in the previous section for skid mounted piping. Unless an
integrated model is needed to address interactions from closely tied skids/process equipment and
interconnecting piping, the interface point for the transition will either be an anchor (e.g. at a vault
interface as shown in Figure 4-1 above) or after at least one (1) support in each Cartesian direction
(moment restraints will be ignored). See Figure 4-4 below for a graphical depiction of these interface
points. When the anchor is used as the transition location, the piping will be modeled in ANSYS to the
anchor location and the ASME B31.3 piping evaluations will be done as discussed in the previous
section. If supports are provided between the process equipment and the anchor point, the reaction
forces and moments will be provided to AECOM structural design group to aid their design. In the
case where one (1) support in each Cartesian direction is required to establish a transition point, the
piping will be modeled to Point 2 in Figure 4-4 below, and no additional restraints will be added.
Modeling this external pipe removes the need for input nozzle loads at the skids or jumper interfaces.
If this method is chosen, the ANSYS analysis will provide the reaction forces, moments and
displacements at the process equipment interfaces in the calculation. In addition, ANSYS will not be
used to perform the ASME B31.3 piping analysis on the external piping as not all the applicable loads
and constraints will be adequately shown. The actual interface location will be evaluated on a case-by-
case basis to ensure transitions are adequately defined and all appropriate loads and constraints are
applied in both ANSYS and AutoPIPE. Pipe properties, temperatures, etc. are still taken from the data
sheets and specifications. The seismic accelerations are based on piping and what floor it is
anchored to (see Section 4.4.8 for details).
Figure 4-4 ANSYS to AUTOPIPE Transition Locations
4.2.4 Vessels/Confinement
Any vessels, confinement plates, wall boxes, or similar thin-walled components shall be developed
using two-dimensional (2D) elements such as SHELL63 or SHELL181 elements. Element refinement
Rev: A
Page 18 of 45
should be tailored to the stress levels in the region being considered. Membrane (shell element
middle) and membrane plus bending (shell element top/bottom) stresses will be extracted from
ANSYS for use in code evaluations against AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1) or ASME BPVC (Ref. 6.3.9 and
6.3.10). Typically, ASME BPVC will only be used to evaluate vessels and confinements with internal or
external pressures or reinforcement area around nozzle/sleeve penetrations (see Section 4.2.5
below). Otherwise, these thin-walled components will be evaluated in accordance with AISC N690-12.
4.2.5 Nozzles
For vessel, confinement or other nozzle interface locations in thin-walled components (when a sleeve
is not present), the ending node of the pipe element will be merged with the center node of the nozzle
rigid region (see Figure 4-5 and Figure 4-6). When a sleeve is present, however, the ending node of
the pipe element will be joined to the center node of the nozzle rigid region by a rigid link so the pipe,
support, and sleeve are loaded correctly. Nozzle loading and interfacing piping loads for the CFF
filters and filter module will be extracted and provided in the final report.
Nozzles shall be developed using a combination of 2D shell elements and 1D pipe and/or beam
elements. The nozzle protruding from the face or floor of a confinement, vessel, glovebox, or other
similar thin-walled component or assembly shall be modeled using shells. The shell will have
properties consistent with that of the corresponding pipe section and extended beyond the external
face at least the nozzle diameter (see Figure 4-5 and Figure 4-6). This distance is arbitrary, but
through testing was shown to be adequate to achieve the desired effect of reducing high artificial
stresses as well as transferring forces and moments correctly. For the transition from shells to pipe or
beam elements at the end of the nozzle protrusion, a stiff material (10x youngs modulus) will be used
as a rigid region perpendicular to the nozzle being modeled. This will eliminate the problems generally
associated with attaching beam/pipe elements to a shell. Using an ANSYS rigid region or couple
typically leads to artificial stress risers at connection points. This stiff material will be excluded from the
evaluations. Stresses will be extracted for evaluation per the requirements of ASME Section VIII,
Division 2, Mandatory Appendix 4, Paragraph 4-138 (Ref. 6.3.10).
The limit of reinforcement area will also be modeled as a shell, with attributes matching the thin-walled
component wall thickness, and will encompass an area that has a radius of 2.5 Rnom t nom (Ref. 6.3.10)
plus the actual pipe outside radius. Areas of high stress occur at the joint between the nozzle shell
element and the thin-walled component may be ignored if they occur beneath the weld or within the
thickness of the nozzle shell element. This will be evaluated on a case-by-case
Figure 4-5 Lateral Loading Methodology for Nozzle Stub

Rev: A
Page 19 of 45
Figure 4-6 ANSYS Plot of Typical Nozzle Model
4.2.6 Valve Equipment

XOMOX valve assemblies are included in many of the process piping runs. These valve assemblies
consist of a valve body that is welded directly to the process piping, and removable/replaceable valve
plug, cage and sleeve. The valve actuator spindle will extend up through the VENDOR supplied shield
plug. The assembly length will be defined on the valve DPDs, the mechanical layout drawings, and/or
the 3D CAD model.
Modeling of the remote top entry plug valves similar to Figure 4-2 (without 6-inch support sleeve) or
Figure 4-3 (6-inch support sleeve included) will include, as applicable, the support sleeve, the
attachment to the piping and lower support, the interface boundary conditions between the sleeve and
the shield plates, and the shield plug. The actuator motor mass shall be added using a MASS21
element and a beam element (BEAM44, BEAM188 or similar) to represent the shaft between the
shield plug and the actuator motor mass center of gravity, with the correct material properties and
stiffness. As noted in Assumptions 3.2.2 above, the drive shaft below the operating deck shield plates
will be excluded from the model as the configuration prevents the transfer of vertical loads through the
shaft. However, the mass of the shaft shall be accounted for (assumption 3.2.3) using MASS21
element and lateral supports locations shall be evaluated using hand calculations. The support sleeve,
if included, is attached to the skid frame via a lower support washer. This connection is typically
welded, therefore shall be modeled as merged nodes or rigid link elements. The shield plug is
supported vertically either by the 6-inch support sleeve at the top bolted interface or by a removable
collar and laterally by the operating deck shield plates. The shield plug will also be supported vertically
by the infinitely rigid operating deck shield plates (Assumption 3.1.3). Furthermore, there is not
sufficient vertical seismic force to induce vertical movement (less than 1g based upon the preliminary
response spectrum shown in Section 4.4.8 below). Since the "wetted" valve body is thicker than the
attached piping, and since the piping is attached with a full penetration weld; as long as the attached
piping does not fail, the valve body is good by comparison.
4.2.7 Lifting
A lifting analysis is performed with gravity set at 150% while the component or assembly being lifting is
in the lifted configuration(s). All piping systems shall be assumed to be empty and nominal pipe wall
thickness (corrosion and mill tolerance excluded). This is equivalent to the maximum dead weight,
dynamic load factors, and contingency factors provided in the procurement specification (Ref. 6.1.2,
Section 5.5.2). Design and analysis of lifting points will be in accordance with ASME B30.20 and
ASME BTH-1. Conservatively, all lift analyses will assume a 2-point lift on diagonal corners. The two,
Rev: A
Page 20 of 45
diagonal corners will be constrained vertically and all other displacement constraints will be removed.
If required, one lift point may need to have two lateral constraints added for model solution stability.
The rigging arrangement(s) are not known, therefore the extracted reaction forces will be applied at a
45-degree angle from horizontal (Ref. 6.1.2, Section 5.5.2.F.3). The lift attachment point Working Load
Limit (WLL) shall be limited to 90% of the ASME BTH-1 capacity.
4.2.8 Solid Geometry
In cases where the geometry is more complex, consists primarily of thick solid shapes, and loads are
easily defined, solid elements such as SOLID185, SOLID186, SOLID187 or similar may be used in
either ANSYS APDL or ANSYS WorkBench.
4.2.9 Other
A combination of available ANSYS elements is used as required to properly reflect geometry,

stiffness, mass distribution, and connectivity of the item being modeled in the simplest manner
possible. This means, unless a more complex model is required, the equipment shall be represented
by a lumped-mass system consisting of discrete masses connected by weightless springs. The
criteria used to lump masses shall be as follows:
The number of masses shall be chosen so that all significant modes are included.
Missing mass shall be accounted for in developing the design forces and moments.
Mass shall also be lumped at the following points:

Where a significant concentrated weight is located (e.g., the motor in the analysis of a pump
motor stand, the impeller in the analysis of a pump shaft, etc.).
Where there is a significant change in either the geometry or stiffness
Consideration also needs to be made for the extraction of connection forces, moments, stress
intensities, etc. when selecting the method for modeling connections or interfaces. Contact elements,
while not typically used, can be used at interface points/locations. However, evaluation code
requirements and methods must be considered to ensure appropriate results can be obtained.
4.3 INPUTS
4.3.1 Piping
4.3.1.1 Pipe Fluid Weight

Process fluid physical characteristics are provided in the procurement specification (Ref. 6.1.2,
Section 3.5.3). Table 4-8 below provides the Physical Characteristics for Nominal Feed to Cross-Flow
filters. The mass of the fluid contained in the piping needs to be accounted for and treated as a live
load. The mass can be added using real constant associated with the pipe element, as MASS21
elements evenly distributed, or increasing the piping material density.
Rev: A
Page 21 of 45
Table 4-8 Pipe Fluid Physical Characteristics
Nominal
Parameter Unit Range
Value
Density g/ml 1.28 1.0 1.35
Viscosity Centipoise (cP) 11 1 15
Temperature C 25 20 - 45
Solids Concentration wt.% 0.8 0 3.3*
Solids Particle Size m 7.5 0.01-210
*10wt% maximum in abnormal conditions
4.3.1.2 Design Pressure

Unless otherwise specified, the design pressure for the all piping systems is 400 psig and are treated
as live loads. The design pressure bounds both the operating and the accident pressures. (Ref. 6.1.2)
4.3.1.3 Design Temperature

Unless otherwise specified, all piping and jumpers shall be designed for a maximum design
temperature of 170 F. The design temperature bounds both the operating and the accident
temperatures. (Ref. 6.1.2)
4.3.1.4 Piping corrosion and Mill Tolerance

Process piping and jumpers shall include a corrosion allowance of 0.063 in (Ref. 6.1.2, Figure 3-18)
for the 40-year design life (Ref. 6.1.1). In addition, a mill tolerance of 12.5% shall be added. The
ANSYS piping element shall be based upon nominal dimensions to maximize weight. However, during
post processing, both corrosion and mill tolerance need to be subtracted from the wall thickness to
ensure piping wall thickness is sufficient for expected pressures
4.3.1.5 Piping and Fittings Geometry

The table below summarizes the piping and fitting information for the sizes and schedules used on this
project. The 6-inch, schedule 10 pipe is typically used as a support sleeve for the valves, therefore it
does not carry process fluid and is not subject to corrosion. In these cases, it will be evaluated as a
structural beam with the section properties provided below, not as a piping element. The minimum
section modulus (Z) in table below includes the corrosion and the mill tolerances for all pipe sizes.
NOTES for Table 4-9:

A Ref. 6.3.16
B Ref. 6.1.2, Fig. 3-18
C Ref. 6.3.15, calculated value
D Ref. 6.3.15 - lowest value for TP316/316L dual certified
E Ref. 6.3.12
F Ref. 6.3.11, 300lbf Flange
G Approximate CG location (length from start of Weld Neck)
Rev: A
Page 22 of 45
Table 4-9 Piping & Fitting Information

1/2" 1" 1-1/2" 2" 2-1/2" 3" 4" 6" 8"
SCH40 SCH40 SCH40 SCH40 SCH40 SCH40 SCH40 SCH10 SCH80
ODA 0.840 1.315 1.900 2.375 2.875 3.500 4.500 6.625 8.625
tA 0.109 0.133 0.237 0.154 0.203 0.216 0.237 0.134 0.500
A
Wt./ft 0.852 1.680 2.720 3.660 5.800 7.580 10.800 9.300 43.430
Piping
FWt 2.000 4.000 7.000 9.000 12.000 15.000 25.000 42.000 67.000
ID 0.622 1.049 1.426 2.067 2.469 3.068 4.026 6.357 7.625
Z' 0.016 0.064 0.325 0.290 0.660 1.088 2.084 3.832 19.192
Z 0.041 0.133 0.460 0.561 1.064 1.724 3.214 4.346 24.514
A 0.115 0.274 0.943 0.653 1.203 1.609 2.365 2.733 11.241
Corr. B 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0 0.063

Design
Mill 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50% 12.50%
PB 400
TB 170
SD 16700
r1E 1.50 1.88 2.25 3.00 3.75 4.50 6.00 9.00 12.00
(Bend)
hC
Elbow
1.2239 0.7159 0.7713 0.3746 0.4265 0.3605 0.3130 0.1145 0.3636

E
SIFiC 0.7866 1.1247 1.0701 1.7318 1.5884 1.7768 1.9523 3.8170 1.7668
SIFoC 0.6555 0.9372 0.8918 1.4432 1.3237 1.4806 1.6270 3.1808 1.4724
hC
Welding
2.5294 1.1804 1.0626 0.3871 0.3526 0.2484 0.1617 0.0394 0.0939

Tee
T SIFiC 0.4848 0.8058 0.8643 1.6944 1.8033 2.2779 3.0321 7.7680 4.3559
SIFoC 0.6136 0.8543 0.8982 1.5208 1.6025 1.9584 2.5241 6.0760 3.5169
Reducer
Piping,
SIFiC 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
P
SIFoC 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
F
Y 2.00 2.380 2.630 2.690 2.940 3.060 3.320 3.820 4.320
Weld Neck Flange
tfF 0.50 0.620 0.750 0.810 0.940 1.060 1.190 1.380 1.560
LCgG 1.50 1.76 1.88 1.88 2.00 2.00 2.13 2.44 2.76
W FWt 2.000 4.000 7.000 9.000 12.000 15.000 25.000 42.000 67.000
SIFiC 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
SIFoC 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000 1.0000
OD = Pipe Outside Diameter S = Design Allowable Stress

t = Pipe wall thickness (nominal) r1 = Radius of curvature
Wt/ft = Pipe weight per foot h = Flexibility characteristic
ID = Pipe Inside Diameter SIFi = Stress Intensification Factor In-plane
Z = Uncorroded Pipe Section Modulus SIFo = Stress Intensification Factor Out-of-plane
Z = Corroded Pipe Section Modulus Y = Overall length of Weld Neck Flange
A = Inside Pipe Cross-sectional area tf = Weld Neck Flange thickness
Corr = Design corrosion value for 40 yr life LCg = Length to Weld Neck Flange CG
P = Design Pressure FWt = Weight of Weld Neck Flange
T = Design Temperature
Rev: A
Page 23 of 45
4.3.2 Structural Sections
4.3.2.1 Design temperature

All structural components shall be designed to withstand a maximum temperature change of -25F to
+120F. Since the design temperature for the pipe is greater, all material properties and analyses will
be done this higher temperature (see Section 4.3.1.3)
4.3.2.2 Tube Steel Geometry

The table below summarizes the stainless steel tube information for the sizes and schedules used on
this project. Geometry information obtained from Steel Construction Manual, 14th Edition (Ref. 6.3.3).
Material properties and allowable stresses were provided in Table 4-1 and Table 4-4 above
respectively for L grade materials. The valve support sleeve geometry is provided in the previous
section. The effective length factor (k) is based upon end constraint configuration being modeled.
Typically, this value is 1-1.2 for skid or support structures.
Table 4-10 Tube Steel Information

Parameter TS 2x2x1/4 TS 3x3x1/4 TS 4x4x1/4 TS 6x4x1/4 Units
t= 0.233 0.233 0.233 0.233 in
A= 1.51 2.44 3.37 4.30 in^2
Syy= 0.747 2.01 3.90 6.96 in^3
Szz= 0.747 2.01 3.90 5.56 in^3
Ayy= 0.93 1.40 1.86 2.80 in^2
Azz= 0.93 1.40 1.86 1.86 in^2
C= 1.41 3.52 6.56 10.10 In^3
r= 0.704 1.11 1.52 1.61 in
Fy= 25000 25000 25000 25000 psi
E= 28300000 28300000 28300000 28300000 psi
Fb= 16500 16500 16500 16500 psi
Fv= 10000 10000 10000 10000 psi
k= 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
Where:
t = Tube wall thickness (nominal) C = Polar Section Modulus
A = Cross Sectional Area R = radius of gyration minimum
Syy = Section Modulus Y Fy = Yield Stress
Szz = Section Modulus Z E = Youngs Modulus
Ayy = Shear Area YY Fb = Allowable Bending Stress
Azz = Shear Area ZZ Fv = Allowable Shear Stress
k = effective length factor based upon end
constraint configuration
4.3.2.3 Shape Geometry

Rev: A
Page 24 of 45
The table below summarizes the shape information for the sizes and schedules used on this project.
Geometry information obtained from Steel Construction Manual, 14th Edition (Ref. 6.3.3). Material
properties and allowable stresses were provided in Table 4-1 and Table 4-4 above respectively for L
grade materials. Typically, this value is 1-1.2 for skid or support structures.
Table 4-11 Shape Information

ParameterL2x2x1/4 L3x3x3/8 L8x8x1/2 C3x5 C4x7.25 Units
t= 0.250 0.375 0.500 0.258 0.321 in
A= 0.944 2.11 7.84 1.47 2.13 in^2
Syy= 0.244 0.825 8.360 1.230 2.290 in^3
Szz= 0.244 0.825 8.360 0.228 0.337 in^3
Ayy= 0.50 1.13 4.00 0.774 1.284 in^2
Azz= 0.50 1.13 4.00 0.774 1.104 in^2
C= 5.72E-03 6.52E-02 3.23 3.79E-01 1.24 In^3
r= 0.605 0.910 2.490 0.405 0.45 in
Fy= 25000 25000 25000 25000 25000 psi

E= 28300000 28300000 28300000 28300000 28300000 psi
Fb= 16500 16500 16500 16500 16500 psi
Fv= 10000 10000 10000 10000 10000 psi
k= 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2
Where:
t = Shape wall thickness (nominal) C = Polar Section Modulus
A = Cross Sectional Area R = radius of gyration minimum
Syy = Section Modulus Y Fy = Yield Stress
Szz = Section Modulus Z E = Youngs Modulus
Ayy = Shear Area YY Fb = Allowable Bending Stress
Azz = Shear Area ZZ Fv = Allowable Shear Stress
k = effective length factor based upon end
constraint configuration
4.3.3 Structural Welds

The welded connections between the frame components, piping (excluding piping pressure boundary
welds), supports or structural members and process equipment, will be evaluated in accordance with
AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1). For each weld configuration (see Section 4.3.3.2), those elements that
provide the demand will be shown in a figure in the calculation, and then a summary of the maximum
demands and interaction ratios are provided in a table for each of the applicable load cases. Details of
all weld evaluations are provided in separate Excel spreadsheets. Weld properties and Section moduli
are based upon treating the weld as a line and calculated in accordance with Table 5 of Section 7.4 of
Blodgetts Design of Welded Structures (Ref. 6.4.1). The same stress increases are taken as for the
frame members, except that in no case is the stress allowed to exceed the allowable stress for the
weld (i.e., no strain consideration is allowed). The allowable weld stresses will be based upon AISC
360-10 (Ref. 6.3.2), Section J2, Table J2.5.
Rev: A
Page 25 of 45
4.3.3.1 Weld Material Properties

Neither AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1) or AISC 360-10 (Ref. 6.3.2) define the required filler material for
stainless steel. As a result, all structural welds will be done using 308L weld filler material from AWS
D1.6 (Ref. 6.3.18), paragraph 3.11 and Table 3.3, Filler Metal Group B. The weld filler metal has a
strength equal or less than the base metal in accordance with Table J2.5 (Ref. 6.3.3) for partial-joint-
penetration bevel and fillet welds.
AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1) defines the allowable weld strength as:
Rn/, where
Rn = (Fnw)(Awe)
Fnw = the nominal stress of the weld material
Awe = the effective area of the weld
The allowable weld strength for structural stainless steel welds using 308L weld filler is:
Weld Electrode Tensile Strength: FEXX = 75 ksi (Ref. 6.3.18 Section 3.11 and Table 3.3)
Nominal Strength: FnW = 0.6* FEXX = 0.60*75 ksi = 45 ksi (Table J2.5 (Ref. 6.3.2)
for both Bevel and Fillet Welds
ASD Safety Factor: = 2 (Ref. 6.3.2, Table J2-5)
Allowable Weld Stregth:Fv-weld = Nominal Weld Strength / ASD Safety Factor
= 0.6* FEXX / = 45 ksi/2 = 22,500 psi
Minimum fillet weld sizes will be in accordance with AISC 360-10, Table J2.4 and the minimum weld
throat size for flare bevel weld AISC 360-10, Table J2.2 (Ref. 6.3.2) unless the analysis shows a large
weld is required to withstand the load combinations.
4.3.3.2 Weld Geometries

The weld groups shown in the tables below represent the most common weld geometries used on this
project. If other weld geometries are used, the same geometry information will be developed and
provided in the specific calculations. AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1), paragraph NJ2 does not modify the
weld parameters defined in AISC 360-10 (Ref. 6.3.2), therefore the minimum weld sizes will be based
upon Table J2.2 for PJP (Partial Joint Penetration) Flare Groove welds and Table J2.4 for Fillet welds.
If the evaluation shows a larger weld size is needed, the drawings and analysis will be updated to the
larger size.
Weld Group 1 (Table 4-12) and Weld Group 2 (Table 4-13) provide the flare-bevel geometry for a tube
steel to tube steel connection of the same size, depending on the weld orientation. The fillet welds that
are across the face of the tube steel are conservatively excluded. Mitered corners between two similar
sized tube steel sections are assumed to be bevel welds as shown in Table 4-14 (Weld Group 3).
Table 4-15 presents Weld Group 4, which is a fillet weld for a tube steel to base plate, embed plate or
other solid surface. Weld Group 5 and 7 (Table 4-16 and Table 4-18) and Weld Group 6, and (Table
4-17 and Table 4-19) represent the weld geometry for welding of angles to tube steel and c-channel to
tube steel as braces or supports. Note that the base material thickness is not provided in the tables
below due to variations in possible thickness. This value must be provided in the weld evaluation
spreadsheet to complete the analysis.
The following variables are used in the line weld geometry definitions:
Rev: A
Page 26 of 45
x = Outer Height Sx = Weld Section Modulus X

y = Outer Width Sy = Weld Section Modulus Y
t = Nominal wall thickness J = Weld Polar Moment of Inertia
b = Width of weld tbase = thickness of base material
d = length of weld tweld = thickness of weld based upon geometry (e.g.
A = Weld line area fillet, flare bevel, etc.)
Table 4-12 TS to TS Flare Bevel Horizontal End to Face Line Weld Information
4x4x1/4 to
2x2x1/4 to 3x3x1/4 to 4x4x1/4 or 6x4x1/4 to
Parameters 2x2x1/4 3x3x1/4 4x6x1/4 4x4x1/4 Units
x 2 3 4 4 in
y 2 3 4 6 in
t 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
b 2 3 4 6 in
d 2 3 4 4 in
A 4 6 8 12 in
Sx 4 9 16 24 in^2
Sy 1.33 3 5.33 5.33 in^2
J 5.33 18 42.67 84.00 in^3
tweld 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 in
tbase 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
Weld_Group_1
b
Flare Bevel
Flare Bevel
Rev: A
Page 27 of 45
Table 4-13 TS to TS Flare Bevel Horizontal End to Face Line Weld Information
4x4x1/4 to
x 2 3 4 6 in
y 2 3 4 4 in
t 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
b 2 3 4 6 in
d 2 3 4 4 in
A 4 6 8 8 in
Sx 1.33 3.00 5.33 5.33 in^2
Sy 4 9 16 24 in^2
J 5.33 18.00 42.67 84.00 in^3
tweld 0.156 0.156 0.156 0.156 in
tbase 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
Weld_Group_2
b
d Flare Bevel Flare Bevel
Table 4-14 TS to TS Bevel Miter Corner Line Weld Information

4x4x1/4 to
x 2 3 4 6 in
y 2 3 4 4 in
t 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
b 2.83 4.24 5.66 7.21 in
d 2 3 4 4 in
A 9.66 14.49 19.31 22.42 in
Sx 6.99 15.73 27.96 34.18 in^2
Sy 8.32 18.73 33.29 46.18 in^2
J 18.76 63.32 150.09 234.85 in^3
tweld 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 in
tbase 0.125 0.125 0.125 0.125 in
Weld_Group_3
b
d
Rev: A
Page 28 of 45
Table 4-15 TS to Plate Fillet Line Weld Information
4x4x1/4 to
Parameters 2x2x1/4 to Plate 3x3x1/4 to Plate Plate 6x4x1/4 to Plate Units
x 2 3 4 4 in
y 2 3 4 6 in
t 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
b 2.83 4.24 5.66 7.21 in
d 2 3 4 6 in
A 9.66 14.49 19.31 26.42 in
Sx 6.99 15.73 27.96 55.27 in^2
Sy 8.32 18.73 33.29 60.60 in^2
J 18.76 63.32 150.09 384.30 in^3
tweld 1.414 2.121 2.828 4.242 in
tbase in
Weld_Group_4
b
d
Rev: A
Page 29 of 45
Table 4-16 L to TS - Flare Bevel Horizontal / Fillet Vertical
L to TS - Flare Bevel Horizontal / Fillet Vertical

Parameters L2x2x1/8 L3x3x3/8 L8x8x1/2 Units
x 2 3 8 in
y 2 3 8 in
t 0.125 0.375 0.5 in
b 2 3 8 in
d 2 3 8 in
A 4 6 16 in
Sx - top 3.333 7.500 53.333 in^2
Sx - bottom 1.11 2.50 17.78 in^2
Sy - top 1.11 2.50 17.78 in^2
Sy - bottom 3.333 7.500 53.333 in^2
J 3.333 11.250 213.333 in^3
tweld - min 0.078 0.234 0.313 in
tbase 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
Weld_Group_5
b
Flare Bevel
d
Fillet
Table 4-17 C to TS - Flare Bevel Top & Bottom Horizontal / Fillet Vertical
Parameters C3x5 C4x7.25 Units
x 1.5 1.75 in
y 3 4 in
t 0.25 0.25 in
b 1.5 1.75 in
d 3 4 in
A 6 7.5 in
Sx 6.000 9.667 in^2
Sy - top 6.000 10.000 in^2
Sy - bottom 4.000 6.957 in^2
Jx 10.406 21.656 in^2
Jy 10.856 22.982 in^3
tweld - min 0.156 0.156 in
tbase 0.25 0.25 in
Weld_Group_6
b
Flare Bevel
d
Fillet
Flare Bevel
Rev: A
Page 30 of 45
Table 4-18 L to TS Fillet Weld

Parameters L2x2x1/8 L3x3x3/8 L8x8x1/2 Units
x 2 3 8 in
y 2 3 8 in
t 0.125 0.375 0.5 in
b 2 3 8 in
d 2 3 8 in
A 4 6 16 in
Sx - top 3.333 7.500 53.333 in^2
Sx - bottom 1.11 2.50 17.78 in^2
Sy - top 1.11 2.50 17.78 in^2
Sy - bottom 3.333 7.500 53.333 in^2
J 3.333 11.250 213.333 in^3
tweld 0.088 0.265 0.354 in
tbase 0.25 0.25 0.25 in
Weld_Group_7
b
Fillet
d
Fillet
Table 4-19 C to TS Fillet Top & Bottom Horizontal / Flare Bevel Vertical
Parameters C3x5 C4x7.25 Units
x 1.5 1.75 in
y 3 4 in
t 0.25 0.25 in
b 1.5 1.75 in
d 3 4 in
A 6 7.5 in
Sx 6.000 9.667 in^2
Sy - top 6.000 10.000 in^2
Sy - bottom 4.000 6.957 in^2
Jx 10.406 21.656 in^2
Jy 10.856 22.982 in^3
tweld - min 0.156 0.156 in
tbase 0.25 0.25 in
Weld_Group_8
b
Fillet
d
Flare Bevel
Fillet
Rev: A
Page 31 of 45
4.3.4 Bolts/U-Bolts/Studs
AISC N690-12, Section NJ3 (Ref. 6.3.1) does not alter the nominal strength, the methodology for
shear or the combined tension and shear of fasteners provided in AISC 360-10 (Ref. 6.3.2). The
methodology for tension only or shear only loading shall be in accordance with Section J3.6 and
combined tension and shear loading from Section J3.7 will be used for all bolts, u-bolts and threaded
rods. The bolts, u-bolts and fasteners will conservatively assume that the thread is NOT excluded from
the shear plane and the allowable stresses will be extracted from Table J3.2 for ASTM A307 bolts.
Alignment pins and studs will follow Section J3.6 for shear only loading, but threads will be excluded
from the shear plane. The allowable tension and shear stress for alignment pins and studs will be
based upon Table J3.2 for threaded parts meeting the requirements of Section A3.4 when threads are
excluded from the shear plane.
The forces will be extracted from the spring elements (one in each direction of interest) that represent
the bolts, alignment pins or studs being analyzed. The shear forces will be combined into a composite
total shear vector using the SRSS method. The following will be used in the bolt evaluation
spreadsheet to determine stresses acting on the bolts and determination of the allowable stresses for
a snug-tight bolt using the ASD method and a = 2.00. User Note from Section J3.7: If the required
stress in either tension only or shear only is less than or equal to 30% of the corresponding available
allowable stress, the effects of combined stress are NOT required to be evaluated.
4.4 LOAD DEFINITIONS AND COMBINATIONS

The following tables, Table 4-20, Table 4-21 and Table 4-23, give load combinations for the code
evaluations. Table 4-20 provides the load combinations for use in evaluations in accordance with
Allowable Strength Design (ASD) section AISC N690-12 Specification for the Design, Fabrication, and
Erection of Steel Safety Related Structures for Nuclear Facilities (Ref. 6.3.1). Table 4-23 provides the
load combinations and allowable stresses for nozzles in accordance with the requirements of ASME
B&PV Code, Section VIII, Division 2 (Ref. 6.3.10). Table 4-21 provides the loading and capacity
definitions for evaluation of piping in accordance with the requirements of ASME B31.3, Process
Piping (Ref. 6.3.15). Seismic Anchor Movements (SAMs) have not been included. Each of the code
load combinations will be evaluated to determine which loads are not applicable to the LAWPS CFF
system (e.g. wind, snow, crane, etc.). The bounding load combination(s) are then selected and
presented in the corresponding tables below.
4.4.1 AISC N690 Evaluations
AISC 360-10 (Ref. 6.3.2), Section B3.4 requires the design to be completed according to the
provisions for allowable strength design (ASD) and the allowable strength of each structural
component equals or exceeds the required strength determined on the basis of the ASD load
combinations. The design shall be performed in accordance with:
Ra Rn/ (Ref. 6.3.2, Eqn B3-2)
Where:
Ra = required strength using ASD load combinations
Rn = nominal strength, specified in Chapters B through K
= 2 safety factor
Rn/ = allowable strength
AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1), Section NB3.4 modifies AISC 360-10 (Ref. 6.3.2) to permit multiplying the
allowable strength by 1.6, except for members or fasteners in axial tension or in shear which are
Rev: A
Page 32 of 45
limited to 1.5 as stipulated in Section NB2.6d(8). Section NB2.6 provides a series of load combinations
for normal, severe environmental, and extreme environmental/abnormal in equations NB2-10 through
NB2-18 and the definitions provided in NB2.1-NB2. 4.. Table 4-20 summarizes the loads and load
combinations deemed applicable to the LAWPS CFF system (e.g. wind, snow, crane, etc.). If required,
the ductility factor, , can be obtained from Table NB3.1 to account for impulsive forces and inelastic
analyses.
Table 4-20 Load Combinations for AISC N690 Evaluation
Allowable Load Case
Load Combination N690 Eqn #
Stress Number
D + L + To NB2-10 S Load Case 43
D + L + To + Es NB2-15 1.5S or1.6S Load Case 54
D + L + P a + R a + T a + 0.7E s NB2-18 1.5S or1.6S Load Case 63
LLift S Load Case 18
Where:
S = Basic Allowable stress per AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1), AISC 360-10 (Ref. 6.3.2) based on
material yield strengths obtained from and ASCE 8-02 (Ref. 6.3.6). If a required material
property is not provided in ASCE 8-02, ASME BPVC, Section II, Part D, Table 1A (Ref. 6.3.8)
will be used. Scale factors to be determined based on type of load and section (i.e. compact,
weak axis bending, etc.)
D = dead loads during normal operating, start-up or shutdown conditions as described in
Section 4.4.4
L = live load (e.g. floor loadings, attached piping design pressure loadings, etc.) during normal
operating, start-up or shutdown conditions as described in Section 4.4.5
To = thermal effects and loads during normal operating, start-up or shutdown conditions, as
described in Section 4.4.7
Ta = thermal loads generated by the postulated accident, including To, as described in Section
4.4.7
Es = loads generated by the earthquake represented by the response spectra and as described
in Section 4.4.8. This encompasses any earthquake loads generated by the operating basis
earthquake.
Pa = maximum differential pressure generated by the postulated accident, including HTA load
as applicable, see Section 4.4.6.
Ra = maximum reaction loads due to pressures generated by the postulated accident, including
HTA load as applicable, see Section 4.4.6.
Llift = lifting to account for dead weight in the configuration and orientation used during lifting
operations (piping system empty), see Section 4.2.7
4.4.2 ASME B31.3 Evaluations

All piping and piping components shall be evaluated in accordance with ASME B31.3-12 (Ref. 6.3.15)
along with Hanford specific requirements identified in TFC-ENG-STD-22 (Ref. 6.2.2) and TFC-ENG-
DESIGN-C-60 (Ref. 6.2.3) as well as recommendations and guidance from Ref. 6.3.15, Chapter 1.
Rev: A
Page 33 of 45
Table 4-21 ASME B31.3 Loads and Criteria for Pipe Evaluation
Loading Loads Demand Load Allowable Capacity
Case
Primary Live Load (L) Pressure - Piping
Sustained PDo
+
[ 2
(M Lb ) + (M Lt ) ]
2 1/ 2
kSh
Deadweight (D) Vertical: 1g*W p 4(tn c ) Z'
69 where
Pvc+D+L Pressure (Pvc) - Pvc
Vessel, [ 2
M Lb = (0.75ii M Li ) + (0.75io M Lo )
2
]
Confinement, etc.
Primary Live Load (L) Pressure - Piping
Occasional
Deadweight (D) Vertical: 1g*W p PDo
+
[ 2
(M Lb ) + (M Lt ) ]
2 1/ 2
kSh
4(tn c ) Z'
Pvc+D+L+/-Seis Pressure (Pvc) - Pvc where
+ HTA Vessel, 72
Confinement, etc. [ 2
M Lb = (0.75ii M Li ) + (0.75io M Lo )
2
]
Seismic (Seis) Inertial
HTA PHT A
FHT A
Secondary Thermal (DT) Maximum differential temperature [(Sb)2 + 4(St)2 ]1/2 < SA
Where,
75
Lifting LLift Vertical: 1.5g*W p 18
Sh
LLift
The loads and load combinations presented in Table 4-21 are based upon the following variable
definitions:
D = Dead Load as described in Section 4.4.4
L = Live load, which includes the piping Maximum Fluid Design Pressure as described in Section 4.4.5
Pvc = Internal or External Design Pressure as applicable to vessels, confinement thin-walled components, including
hydrostatic pressures (excluding piping components) (Section 4.4.5)
T = Temperature Differential: (Maximum Pipe Operating Temperature)-(Reference temperature) as described in
Section 4.4.7
Z = Section modulus (nominal)
Zc = Section modulus (fully corroded condition)
Wp = Total weight of piping and appurtenances
Seis = loads generated by the earthquake represented by the response spectra and as described in Section 4.4.8
PHTA = Maximum differential pressure generated by the postulated accident, including HTA load as applicable, see
Section 4.4.6
FHTA = Maximum reaction loads due to pressures generated by the postulated accident, including HTA load as
applicable, see Section 4.4.6
Rev: A
Page 34 of 45
Common loads, failure mode, stress correlations and applicable corresponding scale factors, k,
encompassed by ASME B31.3-12 (Ref. 6.3.15) are presented in the table below that was taken from
reference 6.4.2, Table 1-1.
Table 4-22 ASME B31.3 Loading/Failure Mode Correlations

Load Type Failure Mode Method of Analysis
Static Pressure* Sustained Primary - gross rupture Compare to Sh from Table A-1
Water Hammer Occasional Primary - gross rupture Add to SL , compare to 1.33*Sh
Liquid Slugging Occasional Primary - gross rupture Add to SL , compare to 1.33*Sh
Steam Hammer Occasional Primary - gross rupture Add to SL , compare to 1.33*Sh
Safety Valve Blow Occasional Primary - gross rupture Add to SL , compare to 1.33*Sh
Weight Forces** Sustained Primary - gross rupture Compare to Sh from Table A-1
Thermal Expansion Cyclic Secondary - Fatigue Compare to SE to SA
Thermal Transients Cyclic Secondary - Fatigue Compare to SE to SA
Thermal Gradients Cyclic Secondary - Fatigue Compare to SE to SA
Thermal Bowing Cyclic Secondary - Fatigue Compare to SE to SA
Wind Occasional Primary - gross rupture Add to SL , compare to 1.33*Sh

Earthquake
(inertial forces) Occasional Primary - gross rupture Add to SL , compare to 1.33*Sh
Earthquake
(anchor
displacements) Cyclic Secondary - Fatigue Compare to SE to SA
* Calculate the required minimum pipe wall thickness based upon Sh

** Include all the weight components hanging on the pipeline, the fluid contents, wall
lining, the pipe wall material, insulation, lagging, jacket, tracing, snow and ice
accumulation, installed equipment such as valves, strainers, flanges, blinds, etc.
***Transmitted through structure via supports, induced by fluid flow fluctuations, etc
4.4.3 ASME Section VIII Evaluations

All vessels, confinements or thin-walled components subjected to internal or external pressures or with
piping interface nozzles will be evaluated using the load combinations from ASME BPVC, Section VIII,
Division 2 (Ref. 6.3.10), Part 4, paragraph 4.1.5.3 and Table 4.1.2. General Primary Membrane (Pm)
equivalent stress is defined as the average primary stress across a solid section due to mechanical
loads. However, it excludes any structural discontinuities and stress concentrations (Ref. 6.3.10, Part
5, paragraph 5.13 and Figure 5.1). General Primary Membrane plus Bending (Pm + Pb) equivalent
stress is defined as the average primary stress across a solid section due to mechanical loads.
However, it excludes any structural discontinuities and stress concentrations (Ref 6.3.10, Part 5,
paragraph 5.13 and Figure 5.1). A region of stress is considered as local if the distance over which the
equivalent stress exceeds 1.1S does not extend in the meridional direction more than , where R
is the inside radius and t is the minimum material thickness.
Rev: A
Page 35 of 45
All material properties and general membrane allowable stresses (S) shall be taken from ASME
BPVC, Section II, Part D (Ref. 6.3.8) at the design temperature. For Load Case 83, use the lesser of
3S or 2Sy for designs that must withstand the load combination without significant plastic deformation.
If deformation is acceptable, but the vessel or thin-walled component cannot rupture, the larger of 3S
or 2Sy can be used.
Table 4-23 ASME Section VIII Load Combinations for Shell Evaluation
General Primary
Membrane +
General Primary Bending (Pm +
Membrane (Pm) Pb) Allowable Load Case
Design Load Combination Allowable Stress Stress Number
Pvc + Ps + D + L S 1.5S Load Case 57
0.9 Pvc + Ps + D + 0.7E S 1.5S Load Case 66
0.9 Pvc + Ps + D + 0.75(0.7E) + 0.75L S 1.5S Load Case 77
Ps + D + F 3S or 2Sy 3S or 2Sy Load Case 83
Where the loads are defined as above and:
S = Allowable stress per Table 1A, Ref. 6.3.10

Sy = Yield stress per Table Y-1, Ref. 6.3.8
Pvc = Internal or External Design Pressure as applicable to vessels, confinement thin-walled
components (excluding piping components) (Section 4.4.5)
Ps = Static head from liquid or build materials as applicable to vessels or thin-walled
components (Section 4.4.5).
D = Dead weight of the vessel, contents, and appurtenances at the location of interest, weight
of vessel or thin-walled components, and static reactions from the weight of attached
equipment, other vessels, or other piping as applicable to vessels or thin-walled components
(Section 4.4.5)
L = Live loading, includes effects of appurtenance live loading, fluid pressure and flow, steady
state and transient, loads resulting from wave action, etc. (Sections 4.4.5)
E = Earthquake loads (Section 4.4.8)
F = Loads due to Deflagration. HTA loads (Section 4.4.6) are most applicable to this type of
transient loading
4.4.4 Dead Load
Dead loads are based on the weight of the equipment and appurtenances. Process piping, vessels
and thin-walled component weights will include both the weight of the piping/vessel/thin-walled
component material, insulation, and fluid contents as applicable. A 1g vertical acceleration will be
applied in the analytical model to obtain the influence of the dead load. A load factor of 0.9 will be
applied for those load combinations including the minimum influence of the dead load (Ref. 6.3.9,
Sect. 3.6.3.4.1, Table, Note 2).
Rev: A
Page 36 of 45
4.4.5 Live Load
Depending on the evaluation code, there are a variety of potential live loads. Examples include:
due to occupancy and moveable equipment, including impact (AISC N690)
pressure retention plus the weight of the medium transported or the medium used for
test. Snow and ice loads due to both environmental and operating conditions (ASME
B31.3)
effects of appurtenance live loading, fluid pressure and flow, steady state and transient,
loads resulting from wave action, etc. (ASME BPVC)
For this scope of work, the primary live loads to be considered will be the piping fluid contents (Section
4.3.1) and piping design pressure (Section 4.3.1.2). The maximum design pressures are defined in the
mechanical system datasheets, the SOW and procurement specification. As they are identified, other
live loads can be added and applied separately as needed to meet defined code load combinations.
4.4.6 Hydraulic transient loads
Hydraulic Transient Analysis (HTA) pressures and forces were determined in separate calculations by
others using AFT IMPULSE. The pressure increases due to the HTA loads will be added to the
operating pressure for a maximum accident pressure. The maximum of the operating plus HTA
pressure or the design pressure will be used for the ASME B31.3-12 (Ref. 6.3.15) occasional load
case. The forces due to the HTA pressures will be considered an abnormal load based upon the other
considerations discussed in AISC N690-12 (Ref. 6.3.1), Section NB2.6d(7). For ASME BPVC (Ref.
6.3.9 and 6.3.10) evaluations, the HTA pressure and force loads will be applied as external nozzle
forces and pressure loads respectively (as applicable) to the occasional load case.
Based upon the results from the AFT IMPULSE HTA performed by others, the design pressure
defined in Section 4.3.1.2 is greater than operating pressure plus any HTA pressures. Therefore, the
design pressure will be applied as a static pressure load case in all live load/pressure cases. The AFT
IMPULSE HTA forces will be added as static forces at the specific piping components (e.g. at elbows,
tees, etc.). If directionality is known, it will be used for each force in each location. If directionality is not
known, the maximum allowable force (typically the PUREX connector) will be applied at each piping
component in each Cartesian direction, with each Cartesian direction a separate load case. These
three Cartesian HTA force load cases are combined into a single resultant HTA force load case using
the SRSS (Square Root of the Sum of the Squares) method. The resultant HTA force load case is
then combined with rest of the code specific load combination load cases as defined above.
4.4.7 Temperature
The design of SSC in particular systems, shall include the effects of stresses and movements resulting
from variations in temperature. Whether located inside or outside, SSC design shall consider the
effects on the required Limit State of change in temperature from the maximum seasonal
temperatures. See Section 4.3.1 and 4.3.2 for temperatures for piping and structural sections. For this
scope of work there is no differentiation between operating and accident temperatures. All evaluations
will be done at the maximum design temperature. All temperature differential (T) calculations will be
based upon the difference between the design temperature and the fabrication temperature, 50F.
4.4.8 Seismic Load
Natural Phenomena Hazard seismic loads are defined using three orthogonal response spectra for the
specific skid location in the facility. The model x, y and z direction correspond to the East/West,
Rev: A
Page 37 of 45
North/South and vertical directions respectively. The functional characteristics of the facility process
equipment is defined in section 3.5 of the procurement specification (Ref. 6.1.2), and are summarized
in Table 4-24 below.
For SDC-2 seismic demand is determined in accordance with ASCE 7, Chapter 13 (Ref. 6.3.5). The
seismic forces are calculated based upon the following inputs. Loads resulting from seismic events
shall be considered to act concurrently with normal operating loads (dead and occasional loads,
pressure, thermal, etc.) and shall be combined by absolute sum.
Limit State A Horizontal Input Seismic Force (FP):
Risk Category IV SDS = 0.588
I = 1.5 SD1 = 0.192
Ra = R
Vertical Input Seismic Force:
Limit State A
0.2*SDS = 0.2*(0.588) = 0.1176
Risk Category IV
I = 1.5
Ra = R/1.2
Ra > 1.2
R = Response Modification Coefficient given in ASCE/SEI 7-10 (Ref. 6.3.5)

Ra = Actual (reduced) Response Modification Coefficient to be used in the design substituting R
values given in ASCE/SEI 7-10 (Ref. 6.3.5)
The SDC-3 seismic input shall consist of in-structure response spectra (ISRS) for the structures
at the elevations at which the SSC are mounted. Damping for seismic qualification shall be as
specified in ASCE 43, Table 3-2 (Ref. 6.3.7). Loads resulting from seismic events shall be
considered to act concurrently with normal operating loads (dead and occasional loads,
pressure, thermal, etc.) and shall be combined by absolute sum.
The Preliminary Response Spectra for design development from Table 3-8 (Ref. 6.1.2 Section
3.6.22.3.4.A) will be used for the initial design analysis (see assumption 3.1.2). This Response spectra
represents a damping of 5%. Table 4-25 and Table 4-26 provide the horizontal (model X and Y axes)
and the vertical (model Z axis) respectively. Three orthogonal response spectra shall be applied and
the results combined by the SRSS method. Modal combinations are performed using the Grouping
Method. The grouping method used within ANSYS is consistent with the requirements from NRC 1-92.
To account for mass not participating, additional load cases are performed that account for the mass
not participating dynamically. These missing mass load cases along with the response spectrum load
case are combined using the SRSS method.
SDC-2 components can be qualified using the equivalent static method. If the equivalent static
method is chosen, the analysis will be based upon conservative assumptions to maximize
seismic accelerations and loads. This will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. However, due
to the large amount of potential interaction between skids, process equipment, etc., the
qualifications will primarily be done using a full response spectrum analyses. Refer to the SOW
(Ref. 6.1.1), procurement specification (Ref. 6.1.2) and any applicable datasheets for definitions
of FQA and EQA and what each components quality designation is.
Rev: A
Page 38 of 45
Table 4-24 Component SDC and Limit State
SDC-2, Limit State A

All other valve related components not identified as FQA or EQA including manual valve stem
extensions
SDC-2, Limit State C
Remotely automated Valve Stem extensions including connection to actuator
Remotely automated Valve positioner and actuator

Any structural components (incl. fasteners) supporting any EQA components if not already
identified as FQA e.g. actuator fasteners
SDC-3, Limit State D
All valve body and valve seals (Pressurized Containment)
All valve shield plugs (FQA for falling hazard to FQA items)
All structural components (incl. fasteners) supporting any FQA components
Primary containment piping
Any structural components (incl. fasteners) supporting any FQA components
Primary Confinement Components of Instruments Identified as FQA on Datasheets

Rev: A
Page 39 of 45
Table 4-25 Preliminary Horizontal Response Spectra (5% Damped)
Mo d el X Mo d el X Mo d el X
(East /W est ) (East /W est ) (East / W est )
Mo d el Y Mo d el Y Mo d el Y
FR EQU ENC Y (No r t h / So u t h ) FR EQU ENC Y (No r t h / So u t h ) F R EQUENC Y (N o r t h /S o u t h )
(H z) SA-H OR (g) (H z) SA-H OR (g) (H z) SA-H OR (g)
0.100 0.0139 0.833 0.2141 5.882 0.7838
0.111 0.0161 0.909 0.2351 6.000 0.7749
0.118 0.0174 1.000 0.2603 6.250 0.7570
0.125 0.0188 1.053 0.2769 6.667 0.7294
0.133 0.0206 1.111 0.2954 7.143 0.7011
0.143 0.0226 1.176 0.3163 7.692 0.6719
0.154 0.0250 1.250 0.3402 8.333 0.6418
0.167 0.0279 1.333 0.3676 9.091 0.6105
0.182 0.0313 1.429 0.3993 10.000 0.5780
0.200 0.0357 1.538 0.4363 10.526 0.5612
0.208 0.0377 1.667 0.4644 11.111 0.5441
0.217 0.0400 1.818 0.4970 11.765 0.5265
0.227 0.0424 2.000 0.5334 12.500 0.5085
0.238 0.0452 2.083 0.5469 13.333 0.4916
0.250 0.0483 2.174 0.5613 14.286 0.4727
0.263 0.0518 2.273 0.5768 15.385 0.4533
0.278 0.0557 2.381 0.5935 16.667 0.4342
0.294 0.0603 2.500 0.6115 18.182 0.4143
0.313 0.0654 2.632 0.6310 20.000 0.3937
0.333 0.0714 2.778 0.6524 20.833 0.3852
0.357 0.0784 2.941 0.6756 21.739 0.3761
0.385 0.0867 3.125 0.7011 22.727 0.3670
0.417 0.0967 3.333 0.7294 23.810 0.3576
0.455 0.1088 3.571 0.7594 25.000 0.3480
0.500 0.1239 3.846 0.7941 30.303 0.3129
0.526 0.1309 4.000 0.7941 33.333 0.2967
0.556 0.1387 4.167 0.7941 40.000 0.2943
0.588 0.1474 4.545 0.7941 50.000 0.2940
0.625 0.1573 5.000 0.7941 58.824 0.2937
0.667 0.1686 5.263 0.7941 100.000 0.2930
0.714 0.1815 5.556 0.7941
0.769 0.1965 5.750 0.7941
Ref. 15-2-001, Table 3-8
Rev: A
Page 40 of 45
Table 4-26 Preliminary Vertical Response Spectra (5% Damped)
FR EQUENC Y Mo d el Z FR EQUENC Y FR EQUENC Y

(H z) SV-VER T (g) (H z) S V-VER T (g) (H z) S V-VER T (g)
0.100 0.0122 0.833 0.1149 5.882 0.4680
0.111 0.0138 0.909 0.1235 6.000 0.4680
0.118 0.0147 1.000 0.1336 6.250 0.4680
0.125 0.0157 1.053 0.1427 6.667 0.4680
0.133 0.0170 1.111 0.1528 7.143 0.4680
0.143 0.0183 1.176 0.1643 7.692 0.4680
0.154 0.0199 1.250 0.1775 8.333 0.4680
0.167 0.0218 1.333 0.1928 9.091 0.4680
0.182 0.0240 1.429 0.2105 10.000 0.4680
0.200 0.0268 1.538 0.2312 10.526 0.4680
0.208 0.0280 1.667 0.2476 11.111 0.4680
0.217 0.0295 1.818 0.2667 11.765 0.4680
0.227 0.0309 2.000 0.2882 12.500 0.4680
0.238 0.0326 2.083 0.2957 13.333 0.4680
0.250 0.0344 2.174 0.3036 14.286 0.4433
0.263 0.0365 2.273 0.3121 15.385 0.4239
0.278 0.0387 2.381 0.3212 16.667 0.4048
0.294 0.0414 2.500 0.3311 18.182 0.3849
0.313 0.0443 2.632 0.3419 20.000 0.3644
0.333 0.0476 2.778 0.3536 20.833 0.3560
0.357 0.0515 2.941 0.3664 21.739 0.3470
0.385 0.0560 3.125 0.3804 22.727 0.3380
0.417 0.0613 3.333 0.3960 23.810 0.3288
0.455 0.0676 3.571 0.4061 25.000 0.3193
0.500 0.0753 3.846 0.4173 30.303 0.2850
0.526 0.0786 4.000 0.4233 33.333 0.2692
0.556 0.0822 4.167 0.4297 40.000 0.2420
0.588 0.0861 4.545 0.4436 50.000 0.2142
0.625 0.0906 5.000 0.4593 58.824 0.2140
0.667 0.0955 5.263 0.4680 100.000 0.2135
0.714 0.1011 5.556 0.4680
0.769 0.1075 5.750 0.4680
Ref. 15-2-001, Table 3-8
Rev: A
Page 41 of 45
Preliminary Response Spectrum (5% Damping)

0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
Acceleration (g)
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Frequency (Hz)
E/W (Model X)
Figure 4-7 East/West Response Spectra 5% Damping

0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
Acceleration (g)
0.50
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Frequency (Hz)
N/S (Model Y)
Figure 4-8 North/South Response Spectra

Rev: A
Page 42 of 45
0.90
0.80
0.70
0.60
0.50
Acceleration (g)
0.40
0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Frequency (Hz)
Vertical (Model Z)
Figure 4-9 Vertical Response Spectra
4.4.9 Load Combination Summary

Sections 4.4.1, 4.4.2, and 4.4.3 show the combined load cases that are used for the code
evaluations. Table 4-27 provides the code load combinations and provides the details of the
corresponding individual load cases that will be analysed and combined in ANSYS.
Rev: A
Page 43 of 45
Table 4-27 Load Combination Summary

Dead Live Thermal Thermal Fabrication Pressure Static Head Pressure Force HTA Seismic Lifting
Load Load Operating Accident / Temperature Vessel / Pressure Accident / Intertial
/ Design Abnormal Confinement Vessel / Adnormal
Confinement
D L To Ta Tf Pvc Ps Pa ,PHTA Ra ,FHTA Seis, Eo, LLift
Es, E
Load 11 12 21 23 25 14 17 19 13 36 18
(per Table 4-20) Case AISC N690 Load Combinations
D + L + To 43
D + L + To + Es 54
D + L + P a + R a + T a + 0.7E s 63
LLift 18
(per Table 4-21) ASME B31.3 Load Combinations
Pvc+D+L 69
Pvc+D+L+/-Seis + HTA 72
DT 75
LLift 18
(per Table 4-23) ASME Section VIII Load Combinations
Pvc + Ps + D + L 57
0.9 Pvc + Ps + D + 0.7E 66
0.9 Pvc + Ps + D + 0.75(0.7E) + 0.75L 77
Ps + D + F 83
Rev: A
Page 44 of 45
5 CALCULATION FORMAT
5.1 OUTLINE
The following forms and sections shall be included in each calculation:
Cover Sheet
History Sheet
Calculation Summary and Control Sheet
Table of Contents
Introduction
Requirements
Assumptions/Open Items
Calculation Methodology
Calculation Details
Results
Summary
References
Listing of Electronic Files
ANSYS Text Input Files
6 REFERENCES
6.1 PROJECT SPECIFIC DOCUMENTS

6.1.1. 30255-001-51-SOW-0001, Rev. 0, Statement of Work, Engineering Design for
LAWPS Crossflow Filter System, AECOM, February 14, 2017
6.1.2. 15-2-001, Rev. 0, Low Activity Waste Pretreatment System, Project No. 31269
(T5L01), Cross Flow Filter System Procurement Redacted to Atkins Scope, WRPS,
9/16/16
6.2 HANFORD SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT DOCUMENTS

6.2.1. DOE-RL-92-36, Release 74, Hanford Site Hoisting and Rigging Manual, Hanford, WA,
2014
6.2.2. TFC-ENG-STD-22, Rev F, Piping Jumpers and Valves, WRPS, USQ# 14-1322-S,
September 13, 2016
6.2.3. TFC-ENG-DESIGN-C-60, Rev A-2, Preparation of Piping Analysis for Waste Transfer
Systems, WRPS, USQ# 16-0552-D, April 11, 2016
6.3 CODES/SPECIFICATION DOCUMENTS

6.3.1. ANSI/AISC N690, Specification for the Design, Fabrication, and Erection of Steel
Safety-Related Structures for Nuclear Facilities, 2012
6.3.2. AISC-360, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings, 2010

Rev: A
Page 45 of 45
6.3.3. AISC Manual of Steel Construction, 14th Edition.
6.3.4. ASCE 4-98, Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nuclear Structures and

Commentary, ASCE Standard, 2000
6.3.5. ASCE 7-10, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structure, 2013
6.3.6. ASCE 8-02, Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Structural
Members, 2002
6.3.7. ASCE 43-05, Seismic Analysis of Safety-Related Nuclear Structures and

Commentary, ASCE Standard, 2005
6.3.8. ASME BPVC, Section II, Part D, Properties (Customary), 2013
6.3.9. ASME BPVC, Section VIII, Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels, Division 1,
2013
6.3.10. ASME BPVC, Section VIII, Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels, Division 2,
Alternative Rules, 2013
6.3.11. ASME B16.5, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, NPS Through NPS 24
Metric/Inch Standard, 2013
6.3.12. ASME B16.9, Factory-Made Wrought Buttwelding Fittings, 2012
6.3.13. ASME BTH-1, Design of Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices, 2014
6.3.14. ASME B30.20, Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices, 2013
6.3.15. ASME B31.3, Process Piping, 2012
6.3.16. ASME B36.9, Stainless Steel Pipe, 2004
6.3.17. AWS D1.1/1.1M, Structural Welding Code, 2004
6.3.18. AWS D1.6/1.6M, Structural Welding Code Stainless Steve, 2007
6.4 OTHER REFERNCES

6.4.1. Blodgett, Omar W, Design of Welded Structures, The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding
Foundation, 1966
6.4.2. Wingate, James A, Applying the ASME Codes, Plant Piping and Pressure Vessels,
2007, ASME Press
6.4.3. VVR-ET-ST-0006, Rev 0, Software Validation and Test Report, ANSYS 17
6.4.4. CSU-ET-ST-0006, Computer In-Use Test Log, ANSYS 17

Combined Structural and Piping Analysis Methodology - ANSYS

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Document No.

LOW ACTIVITY WASTE PRE-TREATMENT

ANSYS Modeling and Code Evaluation

Project Number: 5156119 IDV

Rev Date Revision Status Originator Checker Approver

A Initial Release C. Hendrix D. Croft C. Hendrix

4.4.7 Temperature ..................................................................................................36

3.1 ASSUMPTIONS REQUIRING VERIFICATION

3.2 ASSUMPTIONS NOT REQUIRING VERIFICATION

4.1.1 Material Properties for Structural Analysis

Table 4-1 AISC N690 Material Properties

Table 4-2 ASME B31.3 Material Properties

Table 4-3 ASME BPVC Material Properties

4.1.2 Code Allowable Stresses

Notes for Table 4-4 and Table 4-5

Table 4-7 ASME BPVC Material Allowable Stress

Welds (Beam Element Nodes) Bolts (Spring Elements)

Figure 4-1 Piping Anchor

Figure 4-2 Remote Top Entry Plug Valve

4.2.3 External Piping

Figure 4-4 ANSYS to AUTOPIPE Transition Locations

Figure 4-5 Lateral Loading Methodology for Nozzle Stub

Figure 4-6 ANSYS Plot of Typical Nozzle Model

4.2.6 Valve Equipment

4.2.8 Solid Geometry

A combination of available ANSYS elements is used as required to properly reflect geometry,

Mass shall also be lumped at the following points:

4.3.1.1 Pipe Fluid Weight

Table 4-8 Pipe Fluid Physical Characteristics

Density g/ml 1.28 1.0 1.35

Viscosity Centipoise (cP) 11 1 15

Solids Concentration wt.% 0.8 0 3.3*

Solids Particle Size m 7.5 0.01-210

*10wt% maximum in abnormal conditions

4.3.1.2 Design Pressure

4.3.1.3 Design Temperature

4.3.1.4 Piping corrosion and Mill Tolerance

4.3.1.5 Piping and Fittings Geometry

NOTES for Table 4-9:

Table 4-9 Piping & Fitting Information

Corr. B 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0.063 0 0.063

1.2239 0.7159 0.7713 0.3746 0.4265 0.3605 0.3130 0.1145 0.3636

2.5294 1.1804 1.0626 0.3871 0.3526 0.2484 0.1617 0.0394 0.0939

OD = Pipe Outside Diameter S = Design Allowable Stress

4.3.2 Structural Sections

4.3.2.1 Design temperature

4.3.2.2 Tube Steel Geometry

Table 4-10 Tube Steel Information

4.3.2.3 Shape Geometry

Table 4-11 Shape Information

Fy= 25000 25000 25000 25000 25000 psi

4.3.3 Structural Welds

4.3.3.1 Weld Material Properties

4.3.3.2 Weld Geometries

x = Outer Height Sx = Weld Section Modulus X

d Flare Bevel Flare Bevel

Table 4-14 TS to TS Bevel Miter Corner Line Weld Information

Table 4-15 TS to Plate Fillet Line Weld Information

Table 4-16 L to TS - Flare Bevel Horizontal / Fillet Vertical

L to TS - Flare Bevel Horizontal / Fillet Vertical

Table 4-18 L to TS Fillet Weld

4.4 LOAD DEFINITIONS AND COMBINATIONS

4.4.1 AISC N690 Evaluations

Ra Rn/ (Ref. 6.3.2, Eqn B3-2)