Multi-Well Allocation (MWA) Training:

The objective of the following exercises is to give the engineers a deeper understanding of how to
approach allocation problems, how to define the complexity of the allocation and how to come up
with strategies to refine the solution if more than one exists.

Exercise 1:
The objective of this exercise is to setup different MWA scenarios for a field that contains 2 oil wells
and the followings measurements and understand the importance\impact of different
configurations.

Wells
LE-01 LE-02
FWHP 743.2 768
FLP 652.7 714
FWHT 158 140
DHGP 2628 2343
Choke Size 0.7 1
Discharge Coefficient 1 1

Sep Oil Sep Water Sep Liquid Sep Gas

Rate Rate Rate Rate
4058 1570 5630 4.27

The units are in Oil Field and the GAP model is provided in the following directory:

H:\anthonybaptista\MWAExercises

Scenario 1: Run the MWA using ONLY the VLP method to estimate the well phase rates. Do NOT use
the choke method OR Total phase rates that are provided. Regress on the pressures only.

HINT: In order to ignore methods or measurements in the MWA remove the weighting or set to 0

Questions to answer:
1- Does the MWA converge? (is Chi2 < 1)
2- Change the starting point of the MWA and observe the regression results (i.e. use initial
oil rates of 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000STB/day). What is the influence of the starting
point on the allocation results
3- Are the allocation results unique? Why?
4- How many equations\unknowns are there?
5- Any additional conclusions?

Scenario 2: Run the MWA using ONLY the VLP and Choke methods to estimate the well phase rates.
Do not use the Total phase rates that are provided. Regress on the pressures only.

Questions to answer:

1- Does the MWA converge? (is Chi2 < 1)

 2- Change the starting point of the MWA and observe the regression results (i.e. use initial
oil rates of 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000STB/day). What is the influence of the starting
point of the allocation results
3- Are the allocation results unique? Why?
4- How many equations\unknowns are there?
5- Any additional conclusions?

Scenario 3: Run the MWA using ONLY the VLP and Choke methods to estimate the well phase rates.
Do not use the Total phase rates that are provided. Regress on the pressures and temperatures.

Questions to answer:

1- Does the MWA converge? (is Chi2 < 1)

2- Change the starting point of the MWA and observe the regression results (i.e. use initial
oil rates of 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000STB/day). What is the influence of the starting
point of the allocation results
3- Are the allocation results unique? Why?
4- How many equations\unknowns are there?
5- Any additional conclusions?

Scenario 4: Run the MWA using the Total phase rates provided and include the VLP and Choke
methods to estimate the well phase rates. Regress on the pressures only.

Questions to answer:
1- Does the MWA converge? (is Chi2 < 1)
2- Change the starting point of the MWA and observe the regression results (i.e. use initial
oil rates of 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000STB/day). What is the influence of the starting
point of the allocation results
3- Are the allocation results unique? Why?
4- How many equations\unknowns are there?
5- Additional conclusions?

Scenario 5: Run the MWA using the Total phase rates provided and include the VLP and Choke
methods to estimate the well phase rates. Regress on the pressure and the temperatures.

Questions to answer:
6- Does the MWA converge? (is Chi2 < 1)
7- Change the starting point of the MWA and observe the regression results (i.e. use initial
oil rates of 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000STB/day). What is the influence of the starting
point of the allocation results
8- Are the allocation results unique? Why?
9- How many equations\unknowns are there?
10- Additional conclusions?

What do you think is the true liquid rate, WC and GOR for each well based on these measurements?
Exercise 2:
Introduction:

One of our clients approach us to estimate layers water cut for a multilayer well contain 4 layers,
each layer contain an ICV to estimate the liquid production for that layer.

The pressure of each layer is above the bubble point pressure for that layer. The client provided a set
of test results for that well. All the tests were performed in the same day.

Layer 4

Layer 3

Layer 2

Layer 1

Test results:

QL (Layer 1) QL (Layer 2) QL (Layer 3) QL (Layer 4) Qw Total

(STB/d) (STB/d) (STB/d) (STB/d) (STB/d)
Test 1 1762 2124 3104 1344.7 510.1
Test 2 1908 2084 3074 1332 510.6
Test 3 2228 2495 1553 1529 433.2
Test 4 457 2472 3365 1438 502.3

Questions:

1- Calculate the water cut for each layer by solving a set of linear equations (try using more
than one approach for specifying the equations and investigate if this makes a difference)
2- Are the results physical in every case? Why?
3- What conclusions can be drawn regarding the approach?
Exercise 3:
We have been approached by 5 different clients with different fields who are interested in the Multi-
well Allocation workflow.

For each case establish:

1- If each problem has unique solutions?

2- If it does not have a unique solution(s) can you suggest any strategies in order to come up with a
realistic allocation?
3- In what way can a DOF system be used in order to achieve more realistic allocations?

Case 1:

Number of Wells Available Measurements

FWHP for each Well
DHGP for each Well
FLP for each Well
2 Oil Wells (Naturally Producing) Choke size for each Well
FWHT for each Well
Total Liquid Rate
Total Gas Rate

Case 2:

Number of Wells Available Measurements

FWHP for Well 1
DHGP for each Well
FLP for Well 1
Choke size for each Well
2 Oil Wells (Naturally Producing)
FWHT for each Well
Total Oil Rate
Total Gas Rate
Total Water Rate

Case 3:

Number of Wells Available Measurements

FWHP for each Well
DHGP for each Well
FLP for each Well
2 Oil Wells (Naturally Producing) Choke size for each Well
Total Oil Rate
Total Water Rate
Total Gas Rate
Case 4:

Number of Wells Available Measurements

FWHP for each Well
DHGP for each Well
CHP for each Well
2 Oil Wells (Gas Lifted) Gas Lift for each Well
Total Oil Rate
Total Water Rate
Total Gas Rate

Case 5:

Number of Wells Available Measurements

FWHP for each Well
DHGP for each Well
CHP for each Well
Gas Lift Choke Size
2 Oil Wells (Gas Lifted)
Upstream GL Choke Pressure
Total Oil Rate
Total Gas Rate
Total Water Rate

Exercise 4:
Write the Chi2 expressions that would be used by the MWA workflow for each of the cases in
Exercise 3.

Exercise 5:
The final exercise is a case study based on real data. The client needs to understand the allocation of
oil, gas and water for each well throughout the allocation period for an injection strategy. The total
measured gas volumes are highly uncertain and the other reliable measurements as well along with
the well tests have been provided in the RESOLVE archive in the following directory:

H:\anthonybaptista\MWAExercises\MWACasteStudy

The objective is to use the MWA to come up with the individual phase rates for each well.