Tank Calculator

A companion to Water Storage by Art

Ludwig

Cylindrical tank with domed roof

Given tank dimensions, determine volume and surface area, and amount of material required (for

Given density of tank material, determine load on ground under tank, and stress on reinforcement

The table below is set up for ferrocement (See the Water Storage book for description of the
construction), steel, and plastic tanks. If you would prefer to specify your own materials and
construction specs, use the "Tank Calculator (generic)" worksheet.

Fill in numbers in blue under the in one or more columns. Read calculated values below.

Light duty Medium duty Heavy duty

ferrocement ferrocement ferrocement
Tank volume 3000.00 gallons 3000.00 gallons 3000.00
Height 6.00 feet 6.00 feet 6.00
Wall thickness (av) 1.00 inches 1.25 inches 2.00
Roof thickness 1.00 inches 1.00 inches 1.75
Floor thickness 3.00 inches 4.00 inches 5.00
Roof rise/tank diameter 0.10 ratio 0.10 ratio 0.10
Floor beyond walls 1.00 inches 3.00 inches 5.00
Density of material 100.00 lbs/ft3 100.00 lbs/ft3 100.00
Hoop spacing 6.00 inches 18.00 inches 24.00
Major reinforcing diameter 0.13 inches 0.38 inches 0.38

Note that volume under roof below is in ADDITION TO to capacity above.

Diameter 9.23 feet 9.23 feet 9.23

Diameter/ height 1.54 ratio 1.54 ratio 1.54
Volume 401.02 Cubic feet 401.02 Cubic feet 401.02
Volume under roof 31.24 Cubic feet 31.24 Cubic feet 31.24
Volume under roof 233.72 Gallons 233.72 Gallons 233.72
Total volume 432.26 Cubic feet 432.26 Cubic feet 432.26
Radius 4.61 Feet 4.61 Feet 4.61
Roof rise 0.92 0.92 Feet 0.92
Circumference 28.98 Feet 28.98 Feet 28.98
Roof area 66.84 Square feet 66.84 Square feet 66.84
Wall area 173.87 Square feet 173.87 Square feet 173.87
Total stucco area 240.70 Square feet 240.70 Square feet 240.70
Floor area 69.27 Square feet 74.28 Square feet 79.46
Total area 309.98 314.98 Square fee 320.16
(cylinder) 307.54 307.54 Square feet 307.54
Roof volume 5.57 Cubic feet 5.57 Cubic feet 9.75
Wall volume 14.49 Cubic feet 18.11 Cubic feet 28.98
Total stucco volume 20.06 Cubic feet 23.68 Cubic feet 38.72
Total stucco volume 0.74 Cubic yards 0.88 Cubic yards 1.43
Floor volume 17.32 Cubic feet 24.76 Cubic feet 33.11
Floor volume 0.64 Cubic yards 0.92 Cubic yards 1.23
Total volume 37.38 Cubic feet 48.44 Cubic feet 71.83
Total volume 1.38 Cubic yard 1.79 Cubic yard 2.66
Material vol/water vol 11.56 ratio 8.92 ratio 6.02
Weight of material 3,737.68 lbs 4,843.99 lbs 7,183.14
Weight of water 26,969.21 lbs 26,969.21 lbs 26,969.21
Total weight 30,706.90 lbs 31,813.20 lbs 34,152.36
Force on soil 3.08 psi 2.97 psi 2.98
Force on soil 443.28 psf 428.31 psf 429.83
Max hoop stress 144.40 psi 115.52 psi 72.20
Rebar density 0.20% % 0.49% % 0.23%
Max hoop stress rebar alone 70,615 psi 23,538 psi 31,385
 of material required (for ordering concrete).

d stress on reinforcement.

or description of the
ur own materials and

d values below.

Heavy duty
ferrocement Steel Plastic Comments
gallons 3000.00 gallons 3000.00 gallons Volume excluding space under domed roof
feet 6.00 feet 6.00 feet Height of tank walls (not roof height)
inches 0.13 inches 0.25 inches
inches 0.13 inches 0.25 inches
inches 0.13 inches 0.25 inches
ratio 0.10 ratio 0.10 ratio Ratio of roof rise to tank diameter. 0 for flat roof, 1
inches 0.00 inches 0.00 inches Distance that floor extends beyond walls. Used on
lbs/ft3 300.00 lbs/ft3 60.00 lbs/ft3 Used to calculate load on ground under tank.
inches N/A N/A Vertical space between rebar hoops on ferroceme
inches N/A N/A Diameter of reinforcing members (rebar hoops for

feet 9.23 feet 9.23 feet

ratio 1.54 ratio 1.54 ratio
Cubic feet 401.02 Cubic feet 401.02 Cubic feet
Cubic feet 31.24 Cubic feet 31.24 Cubic feet
Gallons 233.72 Gallons 233.72 Gallons
Cubic feet 432.26 Cubic feet 432.26 Cubic feet
Feet 4.61 Feet 4.61 Feet
0.92 0.92
Feet 28.98 Feet 28.98 Feet
Square feet 66.84 Square feet 66.84 Square feet
Square feet 173.87 Square feet 173.87 Square feet
Square feet 240.70 Square feet 240.70 Square feet
Square feet 66.84 Square feet 66.84 Square feet
307.54 307.54
307.54 307.54
Cubic feet 0.70 Cubic feet 1.39 Cubic feet
Cubic feet 1.81 Cubic feet 3.62 Cubic feet
Cubic feet 2.51 Cubic feet 5.01 Cubic feet
Cubic yards 0.09 Cubic yards 0.19 Cubic yards
Cubic feet 0.70 Cubic feet 1.39 Cubic feet
Cubic yards 0.03 Cubic yards 0.05 Cubic yards
Cubic feet 3.20 Cubic feet 6.41 Cubic feet
Cubic yard 0.12 Cubic yard 0.24 Cubic yards
ratio 134.93 ratio 67.47 ratio
lbs 961.06 lbs 384.43 lbs
lbs 26,969.21 lbs 26,969.21 lbs
lbs 27,930.28 lbs 27,353.64 lbs
psi 2.90 psi 2.84 psi
psf 417.89 psf 409.27 psf
psi 1,155.22 psi 577.61 psi
%
psi
der domed roof

ameter. 0 for flat roof, 1/2 diameter for hemisphere

beyond walls. Used only to calculate amount of material.
round under tank.
ar hoops on ferrocement tank. For calculating hoop stress only
mbers (rebar hoops for ferrocement tank). For calculating hoop stress only
Tank Calculator (Generic)
A companion to Water Storage by Art Ludwig

Cylindrical tank with domed roof

This sheet performs the same calculations as the previous worksheet, but allows you to define and
own materials. Try setting up each column with different parameters, and watch how volume of wa
and the amount of material required changes.

Given tank dimensions, determine volume and surface area, and amount of material required (for

Given density of tank material, determine load on ground under tank, and stress on reinforcement

Fill in numbers under the in one or more columns. Read calculated values below.

Your label here Your label here Your label here

Tank volume gallons gallons
Height feet feet
Wall thickness (av) inches inches
Roof thickness inches inches
Floor thickness inches inches
Roof rise/tank diameter ratio ratio
Floor beyond walls inches inches
Density of material lbs/ft3 lbs/ft3
Hoop spacing inches inches
Major reinforcing diameter inches inches

Note that volume under roof below is in ADDITION TO to capacity above.

Diameter #DIV/0! feet #DIV/0! feet #DIV/0!

Diameter/ height #DIV/0! ratio #DIV/0! ratio #DIV/0!
Volume 0.00 Cubic feet 0.00 Cubic feet 0.00
Volume under roof #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0!
Volume under roof #DIV/0! Gallons #DIV/0! Gallons #DIV/0!
Total volume #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0!
Radius #DIV/0! Feet #DIV/0! Feet #DIV/0!
Roof rise #DIV/0! #DIV/0! Feet #DIV/0!
Circumference #DIV/0! Feet #DIV/0! Feet #DIV/0!
Roof area #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0!
Wall area #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0!
Total stucco area #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0!
Floor area #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0!
Total area #DIV/0! #DIV/0! Square fee #DIV/0!
(cylinder) #DIV/0! #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0!
Roof volume #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0!
Wall volume #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0!
Total stucco volume #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0!
Total stucco volume #DIV/0! Cubic yards #DIV/0! Cubic yards #DIV/0!
Floor volume #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0!
Floor volume #DIV/0! Cubic yards #DIV/0! Cubic yards #DIV/0!
Total volume #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0!
Total volume #DIV/0! Cubic yard #DIV/0! Cubic yard #DIV/0!
Material vol/water vol #DIV/0! ratio #DIV/0! ratio #DIV/0!
Weight of material #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0!
Weight of water #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0!
Total weight #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0!
Force on soil #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0!
Force on soil #DIV/0! psf #DIV/0! psf #DIV/0!
Max hoop stress #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0!
Rebar density #DIV/0! % #DIV/0! % #DIV/0!
Max hoop stress rebar alone #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0!
 t allows you to define and compare your
d watch how volume of water contained,

of material required (for ordering concrete).

d stress on reinforcement.

Your label here Your label here Your label here Comments
gallons gallons gallons Volume excluding space under domed roof
feet feet feet Height of tank walls (not roof height)
inches inches inches
inches inches inches
inches inches inches
ratio ratio ratio Ratio of roof rise to tank diameter. 0 for flat roof, 1
inches inches inches Distance that floor extends beyond walls. Used on
lbs/ft3 lbs/ft3 lbs/ft3 Used to calculate load on ground under tank.
inches Vertical space between rebar hoops on ferroceme
inches Diameter of reinforcing members (rebar hoops for

feet #DIV/0! feet #DIV/0! feet

ratio #DIV/0! ratio #DIV/0! ratio
Cubic feet 0.00 Cubic feet 0.00 Cubic feet
Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet
Gallons #DIV/0! Gallons #DIV/0! Gallons
Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet
Feet #DIV/0! Feet #DIV/0! Feet
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Feet #DIV/0! Feet #DIV/0! Feet
Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet
Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet
Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet
Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet #DIV/0! Square feet
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0!
Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet
Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet
Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet
Cubic yards #DIV/0! Cubic yards #DIV/0! Cubic yards
Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet
Cubic yards #DIV/0! Cubic yards #DIV/0! Cubic yards
Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet #DIV/0! Cubic feet
Cubic yard #DIV/0! Cubic yard #DIV/0! Cubic yards
ratio #DIV/0! ratio #DIV/0! ratio
lbs #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0! lbs
lbs #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0! lbs
lbs #DIV/0! lbs #DIV/0! lbs
psi #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0! psi
psf #DIV/0! psf #DIV/0! psf
psi #DIV/0! psi #DIV/0! psi
%
psi
der domed roof

ameter. 0 for flat roof, 1/2 diameter for hemisphere

beyond walls. Used only to calculate amount of material.
round under tank.
ar hoops on ferrocement tank. For calculating hoop stress only
mbers (rebar hoops for ferrocement tank). For calculating hoop stress only
Tank Calculator Examples
This sheet gives examples of using the tank calculator to compare different tanks.

This table compares different ferrocement tanks of the same size, but with different rebar spacing

Heavy duty ferrocement Closer rebar Taller tank

Tank volume 100000.00 gallons 100000.00 gallons 100000.00
Height 8.00 feet 12.00 feet 16.00
Wall thickne 2.25 inches 2.25 inches 2.25
Roof thickne 1.75 inches 1.75 inches 1.75
Floor thickn 8.00 inches 8.00 inches 8.00
Roof rise/ta 0.10 ratio 0.10 ratio 0.10
Floor beyond 6.00 inches 6.00 inches 6.00
Density of m 100.00 lbs/ft3 100.00 lbs/ft3 100.00
Hoop spacin 12.00 inches 6.00 inches 6.00
Major reinfo 0.50 inches 0.50 inches 0.50

Note that volume under roof below is in ADDITION TO to capacity above.

Diameter 46.13 feet 37.66 feet 32.62

Diameter/ he 5.77 ratio 3.14 ratio 2.04
Volume 13367.20 Cubic feet 13367.20 Cubic feet 13367.20
Volume under 3905.21 Cubic feet 2125.72 Cubic feet 1380.70
Volume under 29214.84 Gallons 15902.55 Gallons 10329.01
Total volume 17272.40 Cubic feet 15492.92 Cubic feet 14747.90
Radius 23.06 Feet 18.83 Feet 16.31
Roof rise 4.61 3.77 Feet 3.26
Circumferenc 144.89 Feet 118.30 Feet 102.45
Roof area 1670.90 Square feet 1113.93 Square feet 835.45
Wall area 1159.12 Square feet 1419.63 Square feet 1639.25
Total stucco a 2830.02 Square feet 2533.56 Square feet 2474.70
Floor area 1744.13 Square feet 1173.87 Square feet 887.46
Total area 4574.15 3707.43 Square feet 3362.16
(cylinder) 4500.92 3647.49 Square feet 3310.15
Roof volume 243.67 Cubic feet 162.45 Cubic feet 121.84
Wall volume 217.34 Cubic feet 266.18 Cubic feet 307.36
Total stucco 461.01 Cubic feet 428.63 Cubic feet 429.20
Total stucco 17.07 Cubic yards 15.88 Cubic yards 15.90
Floor volum 1162.75 Cubic feet 782.58 Cubic feet 591.64
Floor volume 43.06 Cubic yards 28.98 Cubic yards 21.91
Total volume 1623.76 Cubic feet 1211.21 Cubic feet 1020.84
Total volume 60.14 Cubic yards 44.86 Cubic yards 37.81
Material vol 10.64 ratio 12.79 ratio 14.45
Weight of mat 162,376.15 lbs 121,120.86 lbs 102,083.60
Weight of wat 1,077,651.79 lbs 966,627.23 lbs 920,143.92
Total weight 1,240,027.94 lbs 1,087,748.10 lbs 1,022,227.52
Force on soil 4.94 psi 6.43 psi 8.00
Force on soil 710.97 psf 926.63 psf 1,151.86
Max hoop stre 427.86 psi 524.02 psi 605.09
Rebar density 0.73% % 1.45% % 1.45%
Max hoop stre 58,846 psi 36,036 psi 41,610

This table compares ferrocement tanks of various sizes and parameters.

Heavy duty ferrocement Heavy duty ferrocement Heavy duty ferrocement

Tank volume 10000.00 gallons 10000.00 gallons 26104.00
Height 8.00 feet 7.52 feet 8.00
Wall thickne 2.00 inches 2.00 inches 2.25
Roof thickne 1.75 inches 1.75 inches 2.00
Floor thickn 6.00 inches 6.00 inches 6.00
Roof rise/ta 0.10 ratio 0.10 ratio 0.10
Floor beyond 6.00 inches 6.00 inches 6.00
Density of m 100.00 lbs/ft3 100.00 lbs/ft3 100.00
Hoop spacin 12.00 inches 24.00 inches 12.00
Major reinfo 0.38 inches 0.38 inches 0.50

Note that volume under roof below is in ADDITION TO to capacity above.

Diameter 14.59 feet 15.05 feet 23.57

Diameter/ he 1.82 ratio 2.00 ratio 2.95
Volume 1336.72 Cubic feet 1336.72 Cubic feet 3489.37
Volume under 123.49 Cubic feet 135.50 Cubic feet 520.84
Volume under 923.85 Gallons 1013.71 Gallons 3896.41
Total volume 1460.21 Cubic feet 1472.22 Cubic feet 4010.21
Radius 7.29 Feet 7.52 Feet 11.78
Roof rise 1.46 1.50 Feet 2.36
Circumferenc 45.82 Feet 47.26 Feet 74.03
Roof area 167.09 Square feet 177.76 Square feet 436.17
Wall area 366.55 Square feet 355.38 Square feet 592.22
Total stucco a 533.64 Square feet 533.14 Square feet 1028.39
Floor area 190.78 Square feet 202.17 Square feet 473.97
Total area 724.42 735.30 Square feet 1502.36
(cylinder) 700.73 710.89 Square feet 1464.56
Roof volume 24.37 Cubic feet 25.92 Cubic feet 72.70
Wall volume 61.09 Cubic feet 59.23 Cubic feet 111.04
Total stucco 85.46 Cubic feet 85.15 Cubic feet 183.74
Total stucco 3.17 Cubic yards 3.15 Cubic yards 6.81
Floor volum 95.39 Cubic feet 101.08 Cubic feet 236.99
Floor volume 3.53 Cubic yards 3.74 Cubic yards 8.78
Total volume 180.85 Cubic feet 186.24 Cubic feet 420.72
Total volume 6.70 Cubic yards 6.90 Cubic yards 15.58
Material vol 8.07 ratio 7.91 ratio 9.53
Weight of mat 18,085.06 lbs 18,623.74 lbs 42,072.17
Weight of wat 91,104.95 lbs 91,854.30 lbs 250,203.38
Total weight 109,190.00 lbs 110,478.04 lbs 292,275.55
Force on soil 3.97 psi 3.79 psi 4.28
Force on soil 572.32 psf 546.46 psf 616.65
Max hoop stre 152.21 psi 147.58 psi 218.60
Rebar density 0.47% % 0.24% % 0.73%
Max hoop stre 32,217 psi 62,472 psi 30,066
h different rebar spacing and width/height ratio

Taller tank Comments

gallons Volume excluding space under domed roof
feet Height of tank walls (not roof height)
inches
inches
inches
ratio Ratio of roof rise to tank diameter. 0 for flat roof, 1/2 diameter for hemisphere
inches Distance that floor extends beyond walls. Used only to calculate amount of material.
lbs/ft3 Used to calculate load on ground under tank.
inches Vertical space between rebar hoops on ferrocement tank
inches Diameter of reinforcing members (rebar hoops for ferrocement tank)

feet
ratio
Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Gallons
Cubic feet
Feet

Feet
Square feet
Square feet
Square feet
Square feet

Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Cubic feet
Cubic yards
Cubic feet
Cubic yards
Cubic feet
Cubic yards
ratio
 lbs
lbs
lbs
psi
psf
psi
%
psi

Heavy duty Heavy duty

vy duty ferrocement ferrocement ferrocement Comments
gallons 27058.00 gallons 27684.00 gallons Volume excluding space under domed roo
feet 10.00 feet 12.00 feet Height of tank walls (not roof height)
inches 2.25 inches 2.25 inches
inches 1.75 inches 1.75 inches
inches 5.00 inches 5.00 inches
ratio 0.10 ratio 0.10 ratio Ratio of roof rise to tank diameter. 0 for fl
inches 6.00 inches 6.00 inches Distance that floor extends beyond walls.
lbs/ft3 100.00 lbs/ft3 100.00 lbs/ft3 Used to calculate load on ground under ta
inches 6.00 inches 12 inches Vertical space between rebar hoops on fe
inches 0.50 inches 0.5 inches Diameter of reinforcing members (rebar h

feet 21.46 feet 19.82 feet

ratio 2.15 ratio 1.65 ratio
Cubic feet 3616.90 Cubic feet 3700.57 Cubic feet
Cubic feet 393.30 Cubic feet 309.64 Cubic feet
Gallons 2942.27 Gallons 2316.38 Gallons
Cubic feet 4010.19 Cubic feet 4010.21 Cubic feet
Feet 10.73 Feet 9.91 Feet
2.15 1.98
Feet 67.41 Feet 62.25 Feet
Square feet 361.69 Square feet 308.38 Square feet
Square feet 674.11 Square feet 746.95 Square feet
Square feet 1035.80 Square feet 1055.33 Square feet
Square feet 396.18 Square feet 340.29 Square feet
1431.98 1395.62
1397.49 1363.71
Cubic feet 52.75 Cubic feet 44.97 Cubic feet
Cubic feet 126.40 Cubic feet 140.05 Cubic feet
Cubic feet 179.14 Cubic feet 185.02 Cubic feet
Cubic yards 6.63 Cubic yards 6.85 Cubic yards
Cubic feet 165.08 Cubic feet 141.79 Cubic feet
Cubic yards 6.11 Cubic yards 5.25 Cubic yards
Cubic feet 344.22 Cubic feet 326.81 Cubic feet
Cubic yards 12.75 Cubic yards 12.10 Cubic yards
ratio 11.65 ratio 12.27 ratio
lbs 34,421.76 lbs 32,681.18 lbs
lbs 250,202.23 lbs 250,203.17 lbs
lbs 284,623.98 lbs 282,884.36 lbs
psi 4.99 psi 5.77 psi
psf 718.42 psf 831.31 psf
psi 248.83 psi 275.72 psi
%
psi
of material.
g space under domed roof
alls (not roof height)

to tank diameter. 0 for flat roof, 1/2 diameter for hemisphere

or extends beyond walls. Used only to calculate amount of material.
e load on ground under tank.
etween rebar hoops on ferrocement tank
forcing members (rebar hoops for ferrocement tank)
 Material Unit cost 5000 gal 10,000 gal 15,000 gal 20,000 gal 30,000 gal
3/8 rebar (20 pieces) $3.11 30 $93.30 50 $155.50 60 $186.60 70 $217.70 50 $155.50
1/2 rebar (20 pieces) $4.98 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 50 $249.00
Lath (27x8 pieces) $5.36 27 $144.72 40 $214.40 50 $268.00 65 $348.40 80 $428.80
0x10 Welded Wire Mesh (7x200 rolls) $138.00 1 $138.00 1.25 $172.50 1.5 $207.00 2 $276.00 2 $276.00
1/2 Hardware cloth (4x100 rolls) $39.94 1 $39.94 1.75 $69.90 2 $79.88 3 $119.82 3 $119.82
Tie wire (big looped bundles) $2.60 2 $5.20 2 $5.20 3 $7.80 3 $7.80 3 $7.80
Cement (94 lb bags) $5.65 18 $101.70 25 $141.25 32 $180.80 35 $197.75 50 $282.50
Plaster sand (yd3) $29.50 4 $118.00 4.5 $132.75 5.5 $162.25 7 $206.50 9 $265.50
Water (gal) $0.01 500 $5.00 750 $7.50 1000 $10.00 1,250 $12.50 1500 $15.00
horoseal/Bonsal Sure Coat (50 lb bags) $19.20 7 $134.40 10 $192.00 15 $288.00 17 $326.40 20 $384.00
Color (lbs) $2.88 5 $14.40 7 $20.16 10 $28.80 12 $34.56 15 $43.20
Hog rings (25 lb boxes)37 $38.40 $0.00 $0.00 1 $38.40 1 $38.40 2 $76.80
Hog ring staples (boxes of 10,000) $10.00 1 $10.00 2 $20.00 2 $20.00 2 $20.00 3 $30.00
Dobies $0.50 30 $15.00 50 $25.00 65 $32.50 80 $40.00 100 $50.00
Poles $16.50 6 $99.00 10 $165.00 15 $247.50 20 $330.00 40 $660.00
Concrete (yd3) $91.50 2 $183.00 3.5 $320.25 4.5 $411.75 6 $549.00 8 $732.00
Approx. cost ($) 1,102 1,641 2,169 2,725 3,776