Karachi Transport Study JICA

Provincial Government of Japan
Sindh International
City District Government Cooperation
of Karachi Agency
THE STUDY FOR

KARACHI TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT
PROJECT
INCEPTION REPORT
MAY 11, 2010
ORICONSUL
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................ 1
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ......................................................................................... 1
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................ 2
1.3 STUDY AREA ................................................................................................................... 2
1.4 COMMITTEES FOR THE STUDY ........................................................................................ 4
1.5 SCOPE OF WORKS ........................................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER 2 APPROACH..................................................................................................... 7
2.1 UNDERSTANDINGS AND MAJOR ISSUES OF THE STUDY .................................................. 7
2.2 TECHNICAL APPROACH ................................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY OF MASTER PLAN ....................................................... 12
3.1 REVIEW OF POLICIES, DEVELOPMENT PLANS AND PAST STUDIES .................................. 12
3.2 TRAFFIC SURVEY .......................................................................................................... 13
3.3 ANALYSIS ON CURRENT SITUATION .............................................................................. 16
3.4 FORMULATION OF PLANNING FRAMEWORK.................................................................. 17
3.5 TRAFFIC DEMAND FORECAST ....................................................................................... 18
3.6 URBAN TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT POLICY ................................................................ 19
3.7 URBAN TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN .............................................................................. 20
3.8 IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK FOR MASS TRANSIT DEVELOPMENT .......................... 21
3.9 PRIORITY MASS TRANSIT PROJECT .............................................................................. 22
3.10 PROJECT LIST FOR POSSIBLE JICA ASSISTANCE .......................................................... 23
CHAPTER 4 METHODOLOGY OF FEASIBILITY STUDY ............................................. 24
4.1 INVESTIGATION OF THE SITE SITUATION ...................................................................... 24
4.2 STUDY OF DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................. 24
4.3 ROUTE PLAN................................................................................................................. 24
4.4 BASIC PLAN .................................................................................................................. 25
4.5 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ............................................................................................... 26
4.6 PROJECT EFFECTS ........................................................................................................ 27
4.7 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL CONSIDERATIONS ......................................................... 28
4.8 ESTABLISHMENT OF FRAMEWORKS FOR IMPLEMENTATION, OPERATION, MAINTENANCE
AND MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION ............................................................................. 28
4.9 PREPARATION OF FINANCE PLAN ................................................................................. 29
4.10 PREPARATION OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION PLAN .................................................... 29
CHAPTER 5 WORK SCHEDULE ...................................................................................... 30
5.1 WORK SCHEDULE ......................................................................................................... 30
5.2 REPORTING ................................................................................................................... 30
CHAPTER 6 STUDY ORGANIZATION............................................................................. 35
6.1 MEMBER OF THE JICA STUDY TEAM............................................................................ 35
6.2 STUDY TEAM ORGANIZATION ....................................................................................... 35
6.3 ASSIGNMENT SCHEDULE .............................................................................................. 35
CHAPTER 7 UNDERTAKING BY THE GOVERNMENT OF ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF
PAKISTAN ..................................................................................................... 38
Karachi Transportation Improvement Project
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Karachi City is the industrial and commercial hub of Pakistan. Its role in the national
economy is pivotal. The current population is over 16 million growing at the rate of 4 %
including natural growth and migration from the other provinces.
Karachi Transport Study was conducted during the period 1987-91. The Study
recommended building an 87 kilometers network of transit ways in the major traffic
corridors of Karachi and its suburbs for exclusive use of mass transit vehicles. These transit
ways were to be designed and built as a bus ways convertible to Light Rail Transit Ways
network. The transit way network was translated into mass transit Master Plan comprising
of 6 priority corridors. Despite, all possible efforts, there had been no progress towards
implementation of the same.
On the other hand, the recent economic growth in Karachi is significant with rapid
population increase and active land development in suburban area, and the city has
expanded very rapidly. Those changes have caused motor-vehicle traffic increase and
resulted in heavy traffic congestion due to lack of mass transit system.
As immediate measure to minimize traffic congestion, City District Government of Karachi
(CDGK) initiated road improvement projects including construction flyovers / underpasses
and road widening program. As a result, a lot of flyovers have been constructed at
intersections in the city. Now, the urban structure that the routes of BRT and LRT based on
as their preconditions has significantly changing.
With the blessings of Government of Pakistan, a detailed study on private private
partnership based environment friendly public transport system for Karachi was conducted
by Karachi Mass Transit Cell, CDGK and a private consultant which recommended a Bus
Rapid Transit network of 140 km of exclusive corridors.
Subsequently, ADB has agreed for technical and financial assistant to implement first 3 BRT
lines of 45 km under its first trench. However, the offer was deferred due to some
reservations regarding implementation / execution of the project. However, attempt has been
made by GoS to approach ADB for the deferment decision through Economic Affairs Div.,
GoP.
Further, in line with the recommendation of the above study report, the GoP has agreed to
provide 2.5 billion subsidies for induction of 4,000 CNG dedicated buses during next 5
years. The first phase of this project would be kicked off with 500 buses by 2010 under the
public- private partnership funding arrangement.
Meanwhile, preparation for a rehabilitation project of Karachi Circular Railway, which is
not included in Karachi Mass Transit Corridors, shows progress recently. The master plan
needs to be reviewed.
Karachi Strategic Development Plan-2020 (KSDP 2020), approved by City District
Government of Karachi on 2007, proposes improvement of public mass transit system that
provides the convenience and inexpensive for the people as urban transportation mode. That
featured LRT and BRT, and makes reference to the transportation networking considering
connection with other modes and possibility of transit from private car.
From the background mentioned above, to formulate an urban transportation improvement
project with high priority, the Government of Islamic Republic of Pakistan requested the
Study for Karachi Transportation Improvement Project (hereinafter referred as the Study)
to Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The Scope of Work of the Study was
agreed between the Provincial Government of Sindh, City District Government of Karachi,
and JICA on 7th October 2009. The Joint Venture of Nippon Koei Co., Ltd., Yachiyo
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Engineering Co., Ltd, and Oriental Consultants Co., Ltd. headed by Minoru Shibuya, was
selected as the Study Team.
1.2 Objectives of the Study
As described in the Minutes of Discussion between GoP, GoS, CDGK, and JICA on 7th
October 2009 (M/D), the objectives of the Study are:
1. Development of Karachi Urban Transport Master Plan (KUTMP) for year 2030
2. Demand based validation and screening of projects already identified by KSDP 2020 in
transport sector.
3. Identification of additional projects in the light of KUTMP 2030
4. Demand based prioritization of projects identified under clauses 1. and 2. above.
5. Feasibility Study of a high priority project on mass rapid transit system based on
outcomes of clause 4. above.
1.3 Study Area
As described in M/D, the Study covers entire area (3,600 square kilometers) of Karachi i.e.
18 towns, all cantonment areas and various authorities like DHA etc.
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Figure 1-1. Location Map
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1.4 Committees for the Study
1.4.1 Structure of the Study

There are two committees for the implementation of the Study: Joint Steering Committee
and Technical Committee. The relationship among the JICA Study Team, Joint Steering
Committee, Technical Committee, and JICA is shown in Figure 1-2.
JICA Joint Steering Commitee
Techinical Committee
Karachi Mass Transit Cell

JICA Study Team
(KMTC), CDGK
Source: JICA Study Team

Figure 1-2. Study Organization
1.4.2 Joint Steering Committee
Joint Steering Committee will oversee the Study in the light of progress report from
Technical Committee.
1.4.3 Technical Committee
Technical Committee will cooperate with the Study Team for the smooth implementation of
the Study. Technical Committee will monitor activities of the study and ensure quality and
working standard for onward reporting to Joint Steering Committee.
Table 1-1. List of Committee Members

Joint Steering Committee Technical Committee
Chairman: Additional Chief Secretary, GoS Chairman: Director General, KMTC, CDGK
Members: Members:
- Secretary, Local Government, GoS - DIG Traffic, Karachi
- Secretary, Finance, GoS - DS Railway, Karachi
- Secretary, Transport, GoS - Representative of P&D Department, GoS
- District Coordination Officer, CDGK - Representative of Civil Aviation Authority,
- Chief (Foreign Aid), Planning & GoS
Development (P&D), GoS - Representative of Finance Department,
- Chief (T&C), P&D, GoS GoS
- Director General, Karachi Mass Transit - Representative of Transport Department,
Cell (KMTC), CDGK GoS
- Representative of P&D, Government of - Representative of Port Qasim Authority
Pakistan - Executive District Officer (Master plan),
CDGK
Representative of JICA - Executive District Officer (Transport),
JICA Study Team CDGK
- Director (Technical), KMTC, CDGK
- Director (Planning and Coordination),
KMTC, CDGK
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- Representative of JICA
- JICA Study Team
Source: Annex 4 of M/D
1.5 Scope of Works
The scope of works of the Study is described in ANNEX-2 of the M/D between GoP, GoS,
CDGK, and JICA, on 7th October 2009. On the other hand, the consultant made the contract
of the Study according to the terms of references (TOR),which JICA prepared based on the
said M/D. The scope of works of the Study was based on the M/D and TOR.
1.5.1 Master Plan Stage
The Scope of Works in Master Plan Stage consists of Basic Study and Karachi Urban
Transport Master Plan for Year 2030 in the M/D.
Item Sub-Item
1 Review of policies, 1.1 Review of urban development policies, plans, related
development plans and past laws and regulations
studies 1.2 Review of policies and development program in
transport sector
1.3 Review of previous transport sector studies
1.4 Problem identification
2 Traffic Survey 2.1 Household interview survey
2.2 Other traffic surveys
2.3 Analysis of survey result
2.4 Estimation of the present OD matrix
3 Analysis on Current Situation 3.1 Review of socio-economic and environmental situation
3.2 Review of current urban transport facilities
3.3 Analysis of current issues
3.4 Analysis of urban transport organizations
3.5 Land use survey
4 Formulation of Planning 4.1 Formulation of socio-economic framework
Framework 4.2 Development of land-use plan
4.3 Formulation of financial framework
5 Traffic Demand Forecast 5.1 Modeling
5.2 Simulation
6 Urban Transport Development 6.1 Urban transport scenarios
Policy 6.2 Development policies
6.3 Network alternatives
6.4 Future Network
7 Urban Transport Master Plan 7.1 Project identification
7.2 Preliminary cost estimates
7.3 Project Prioritization
7.4 Implementation plan of short-term project
8 Implementation Framework 8.1 Financial policies for mass transit system
for Mass Transit Development 8.2 Legal and institutional framework
9 Priority Mass Transit Project 9.1 Selection of priority mass transit project
9.2 Economic and financial evaluation
9.3 Environmental consideration
9.4 Selection of feasibility study project
10 Project List for Possible JICA
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Assistance
1.5.2 Feasibility Study Stage

The Scope of Works in Feasibility Stage consists of Feasibility Study of Mass Transit
Project and Conclusion and recommendations in M/D.
Item Sub-Item
1 Investigation of Site Situation 1.1 Collection of existing data of physical condition
1.2 Topography survey and geological survey
1.3 Utility Investigation
2 Study of design specification 2.1 Facilities required for railway system
2.2 Design specification of alignment
3 Route Plan 3.1 Comparison study of route
3.2 Location of stations
3.3 Preparation of drawings
4 Basic Plan 4.1 Transport plan
4.2 Rolling stock plan
4.3 Track bed, civil work structures and track
4.4 Stations and annex structures
4.5 Depot and workshop
4.6 Signaling, telecommunication, power supply and machinery
5 Implementation Plan 5.1 Confirming project scope
5.2 Cost estimate
5.3 Consideration of cost reduction
5.4 Preparation of implementation schedule
5.5 Procurement procedures
5.6 Study possibility of application to STEP
6 Project effects 6.1 Operation and effect indicators
6.2 Analysis of environment improvement effect
6.3 Confirmation of qualitative and quantitative effect
6.4 Implementation of economic and financial analysis
7 Environmental and Social 7.1 Overall Support for Preparation of Environment Impact
Considerations AssessmentEIAReport
7.2 Overall Support for Stakeholder Meeting
7.3 Overall Support for Preparation of Draft Resettlement Plan
7.4 Overall Support for Environmental and Social Advisory
Committee
8 Establishment of Frameworks 8.1 Clarification of implementation, operation, maintenance, and
for Implementation, management organization
Operation, Maintenance and 8.2 Support for legal and institutional system frameworks
Management Organization 8.3 Establishment of capacity development plan
9 Preparation of Finance Plan 9.1 Proposal of fund procurement plans
9.2 Estimates of costs for operation, maintenance, and
management
9.3 Cash flow analysis
10 Preparation of Project 10.1 Preparation of project implementation plan
Implementation Plan 10.2 Preparation of PC-I
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Chapter 2 Approach
2.1 Understandings and Major Issues of the Study
2.1.1 Target Year

The target year of the Karachi Urban Transport Master Plan (KUTMP) is 2030. On the other
hand, the target year of Karachi Strategic Development Plan (KSDP) 2020, the official
development plan of City District Government of Karachi (CDGK), is 2020. This means
that it is necessary to establish socio-economic framework, urban structure, land-use, and
other preconditions after the year 2020 in the Study.
2.1.2 Previous Traffic Surveys
Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) has supported Person Trip Study for
Karachi City in 2005, and the Study on Future Traffic Demand Forecast of Karachi City in
2008. This time, a person trip survey, including a household interview survey for 40,000
households and the similar traffic survey in 2008 will be carried out. The reason of the
re-survey is that the previous person trip survey is not enough to evaluate mass transit
projects in terms of accuracy. In other word, high quality management will be required for
the traffic surveys in the Study.
2.1.3 Rapid Changes in Urban Environment for Karachi Mass Transit Corridors
Karachi Mass Transit Cell (KMTC), CDGK has made plans of six Light Rail Transits (LRT)
and three Bus Rapid Transit (BRT). The number of LRT routes was reduced from six to five
because the plan of LRT Line-3 overlapped a BRT route. In addition, LRT Line-4 and
Line-5 have overlapping section with the route of Karachi Circular Railway (KCR) project,
which has already approved by the federal government in 2009.
In recent years, flyovers and elevated highways have been constructed along major roads in
Karachi, including the corridors of the planned LRT and BRT. From this, construction of an
elevated structure for mass transit system along the corridors became more difficult. In
addition, land use changes along the corridors have been also significant.
The city is growing and urban structure is changing. It is necessary to consider these rapid
changes in urban environment for the planning of mass transit system in Karachi.
2.1.4 Ambitious Land-use Plan and Socio-economic Framework in KSDP
In Karachi Strategic Development Plan (KSDP) 2020, it is assumed that the population
framework in 2020 is 28.5 million, which is larger than the present population by 10 million.
To accommodate this population, urban development in the suburban area is planned in
KSDP. If the population increases by the same increase rate, the population would exceed
30 million in 2030, which is as large as the metropolitan area of Tokyo. It is necessary to
consider carefully whether the new master plan should apply the framework or not.
2.1.5 Feasibility Study of a Mass Transit Project
The feasibility study of a high priority project on mass rapid transit system will be carried
out based on the Karachi Urban Transport Master Plan.
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Figure 2-1. Flyovers along the Corridors and new land development
2.1.6 Organization of Project Implementation and O&M

Although studies for mass transit system in Karachi have been carried out, no project has
been implemented so far. Karachi Mass Transit Cell (KMTC), which is the counterpart
organization of the Study, is supposed to be the implementation body of the project in this
study, but it is not clear whether KMTC has enough capacity to implement a large-scale
mass transit project. KMTC recognizes the importance of capacity enhancement. From this,
the Study needs to examine the capacity building of the implementation body as early as
possible to implement the project. The study on the capacity building for the operator of the
project is also needed including the study on the establishment of a new organization and
private sector involvement. The roles and relationships with the relevant agencies and the
Capacity Development of the implementation body and operator will be necessary to ensure
that they will function well.
2.1.7 Environmental and Social Considerations
Information collection and analysis on the present conditions of both the social and natural
environment relating to the mass transit project with high priority. The information
including the policies of the environmental and social consideration by other donors, should
be widely grasped in advance because social impacts including involuntary resettlement
may occur depending on the project proposed.
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2.2 Technical Approach
2.2.1 More Accurate Household Interview Survey than the Previous Survey
In general, a city has morning peak hours and afternoon peak hours for commuters and
lunch time peak hours. In the center of Karachi City, the second peak is observed after the
peak hours by commuters when most shopping open. This means that the information of
commuter trips is not enough for the demand forecast and the information of business and
private trips will be also important. Collection of business and private trips in an interview
is more difficult than that of commuter trips because such the former trips are irregular
while the latter trips are one of the daily activities, which are easy to remember for
interviewees. Generally, when the number of interview items increases, interviewees tend to
forget their irregular trips. Therefore, interview items will be carefully selected and the
survey will focus on collecting accurate trip information.
Peak O/D can be produced from Private and business trips are also
commuter trip information. important in this Study.
[Household Sheet] [Household Sheet]

- Size, income, car ownership, etc. - Size, income, car ownership, etc.
[Member Information Sheet] [Member Information Sheet]
- Age, sex, work, car license, etc. - Age, sex, work, car license, etc.
[Trip Information Sheet] [Trip Information Sheet]

- Origin, destination, means, purpose, etc. - Origin, destination, means, purpose, etc.
[Transport Opinion Survey]

- Preference, willingness-to-pay, etc.
Collecting accurate trip information
[Living Environment]
is the priority of this Study.
- Rent, living years, home appliances
Figure 2-2. Careful Selection of Interview Items
2.2.2 Realistic Framework Setting
The development plan in KSDP 2020 is based on the estimation that the population in
Karachi would reach 28.5 million in 2020. If the estimation in KSDP 2020 is used as the
starting point in 2020, the population in 2030 might not be appropriate for the
socio-economic framework of the transport master plan. The JICA Study Team will review
the projection in KSDP and propose a realistic scenario for the socio-economic framework.
Million
Population as large as Tokyo
- Review of Land use plan
30 Metropolitan in 2030?
- Review of infrastructure plan
Projection in KSDP 2020
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Review of population Realistic

frame Framework
20
Projection by this study Setting
2010 2020 2030

Figure 2-3. Realistic Framework Setting
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2.2.3 Formulation of Master Plan based on Scenario Analysis

The urban transport system in Karachi faces various challenges as shown in the figure
below.
Decongestion of the Urban developmen in

center of the city suburban area
Revitalization of Karachi Mass transit development

Circular Railway in radial direction
Improvement of public Highway development for

transport road construction

Figure 2-4. Challenges of Urban Transport System in Karachi
To cope with these challenges, it is necessary to establish the priority area of urban transport
in view of not only mass transit system, but also urban development. The JICA Study Team
will analyze alternatives considering the following scenarios.
Urban Development Scenario

The performance of urban transport system depends on the relationship with the urban
structure, and the development of urban transport system should conform to that of urban
development. The table below shows the two possible scenarios of urban development.
However, throughout the course of this study, it is expected that other scenarios may be
emerged, including mixed of the two scenarios shown in the table below.
Table 2-1. Urban Development Scenario (Image)
Scenario Priority development in the center of Land development in suburban area
the city
Image
Concept Intensive transport development in Transport development in the

the center area to solve the serious
suburban area to support the city
congestion expansion
Advantage Economic benefit by decongestion isDevelopment cost is lower than that
very large. of the center area.
Public transport share in suburban
area will increase.
Disadvantage The scale of land acquisition and Passenger flow from suburban area
resettlement is large and cost will be will overflow within the center of the
expensive. city.
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Mass Transit Development Scenario

In addition to the urban development scenario, the selection of network pattern of public
transport is also an important element for formulating the urban transport master plan. The
following scenarios will be analyzed.
Table 2-2. Mass Transit Development Scenario
Scenario MRT based network LRT based network BRT based network
Image
Strategy Priority construction of high Construction of medium Introduction of a lot of Bus

capacity transit system along capacity transit system Rapid Transits (BRT)
major high demand route, such as Light Rail Transit along arterial roads to
such as Mass Rapid Transit (LRT) along major cover a large area
(MRT) which can carry a corridors
large number of passengers
Capacity per More than 30,000 passengers 10,000 - 30,000 7,000 - 10,000
line per hour passengers per hour passenger per hour
Advantage Formation of urban Balanced corridor Low cost
development corridor development Staged development from
Large-scale impact of Introduction of proper possible routes
decongestion system considering the Flexible development
High energy efficiency corridor characteristics
Disadvantage High cost Integration problem Capacity constraints
Long time project Need depot for each line Interruption with road
Many crossings with traffic
highway system
2.2.4 New Proposal of Mass Transit Corridors

The existing plans of LRT and BRT corridors face the rapid changes in urban environment
and need to be reviewed. The JICA Study Team will reexamine these plans and propose a
new mass transit network.
2.2.5 Capacity Building and Transfer of Knowledge
In order to implement the project after the feasibility study, capacity building is important,
and the capacity of the counterpart will be evaluated. The JICA Study Team will prepare the
technology transfer plan in the field of traffic survey, demand forecast, economic evaluation,
railway engineering, and other relating subjects based on the assessment of the capacity of
the counterpart. The JICA Study Team will hold seminars in the Master Plan Stage and the
Feasibility Study Stage.
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Chapter 3 Methodology of Master Plan

3.1 Review of policies, development plans and past studies
The JICA Study Team will analyze the relevant documents to review (i) urban development
policies, plans, related laws and regulation, (ii) policies and development programs in
transport sector by federal, provincial, city and foreign donors, and (iii) previous transport
sector studies.
3.1.1 Review of Urban Development Policies, Plans, Related Laws and Regulation
Karachi Strategic Development Plan (KSDP) 2020 will be reviewed as the official
development plan of the City District Government of Karachi (CDGK). The methodology
of population estimation and the infrastructure plan to accommodate the population will be
focused on in the review. The JICA Study Team will collect laws and regulations related to
urban development and hold meetings with Master Plan Group of Offices (MPGO), CDGK
for the review work of KSDP 2020.
3.1.2 Review of Policies and Development Programs in Transport Sector
The plan of Karachi Transit Corridors will be analyzed in details, focusing on the changes in
socio-economic situation, land-use, and infrastructure which were the preconditions of the
previous plan.
Karachi Mass Transit Corridor
Karachi Mass Transit Study (Karachi Development Authority, 1989)
Karachi Master Plan 2020 Transport Sector Report (CDGK)
Karachi Mega City Project (ADB)
3.1.3 Review of Previous Transport Sector Studies
The results of the previous traffic surveys will be reviewed to analyze the present traffic
situation in Karachi and establish the plan of the new traffic survey in this study.
Person Trip Study for Karachi City (JICA, 2005)
The Study on Future Traffic Demand Forecast of Karachi City (JICA, 2008)
Cargo Transport Survey
SAPROF for Karachi Circular Railway Project
Private-Public partnership based environmental friendly public transport system for
Karachi
Feasibility Study and Development of Transportation Control Plan of Karachi
Metropolice (SUPARCO, 2007)
Green Route Conformatory Study for Karachi (funded by IPDF, MoF, 2008)
3.1.4 Review and Analysis of Current Issues
Based on these reviews, problems in urban transport sector in Karachi will be identified.
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3.2 Traffic Surveys
3.2.1 Traffic Surveys to be conducted in the Study

For the basis of the demand forecast and the analysis of the present traffic condition, traffic
surveys will be carried out as shown in the table below. Most of the surveys except for
Household Interview Survey are the same surveys conducted by JICA in 2008. Therefore,
the result of the previous surveys will be reviewed and the survey volume will be reduced if
the iteration of the survey will not be required for the demand forecast in this study.
The JICA Study Team will subcontract the surveys to a local company. The traffic surveys
will be carried out with due considerations to technology transfer.
Table 3-1. List of Traffic Surveys
Survey Contents Method Survey Volume
(Draft)
Household Trip information of sampled Interview by visiting sampled 40,000
Interview Survey household household households
(HIS)
Cordon Line Trip information of Manual traffic count and 3 locations
Survey passengers crossing the roadside OD interview Sample Rate:
boundary of Karachi City 20%
Airport Interview Trip information of flight Interview in the departure No. of samples:
Survey passengers at the airport lounge (assuming the arrival 400
movement is the same)
Station Interview Trip information of railway Interview inside railway and No. of samples:
Survey passengers who cross the counting the number of 400
boundary of Karachi City passengers
Screen Line Traffic volume which cross Manual traffic count and 15 locations
Survey the screen line (Liyali passenger occupancy by (14 locations in
River) observation 2008 survey)
Mid Block Traffic Traffic volume of major Manual classified traffic 4 times at 5
Survey roads count location
Cargo Movement Cargo OD in Karachi City Interview survey at gates of 3 locations (14
Survey KPT and two truck terminals gates)
Passenger Traffic opinion of public Interview to public transport No. of samples:
Interview Survey transport users users at terminal and roadside 400 * 5
Public Transport Frequency and route of Manual count at major bus 15 routes
Survey buses terminals
Travel Speed Travel speed of cars in peak Speed record by a test vehicle 10 routes
Survey and off-peak hours along
the major corridors
Note: Surveys in gray cells are parts of person trip survey.
3.2.2 Household Interview Survey

(1) Interview Items
An interview document consists of the following interview form:
Household Information
Member Information
Trip Information
The number of interview items should be limited to the extent where interviewees do not
feel burden to answer the questions. Trip information of all household members above 5
years of age should be collected.
The following interview items are proposed in the HIS. Although the interviewer should fill
in the form, it should be prepared in local language so that the interviewer can ask
interviewees to fill in the form in such case that other household member is outside the
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home and the interviewer need to visit the home again.

Survey Form Interview Item
Household Information 1) Name of Interviewee,
2) Address,
3) Contact number
4) The number of household members
5) The total monthly income of all household members
Member Information 1) Age,
(for all household members 2) Sex,
above 5 years of age) 3) Profession,
4) Job (Sector & Status),
5) Work Location
6) Car License,
7) Car ownership (including car type)
Trip Information 1) Purpose for Trip
(for all household members 2) Origin (address, type of origin, departure time)
above 5 years of age) 3) Destination (address, type of origin, arrival time)
4) Transport mode
5) Transfer (address or place)
Many of Karachi citizens are Moslem, and the mobility and the activity are very different
among men and women by religious reason. For instance, the reason to go out is limited and
number of trips is smaller than men, when women go out, they need to take a party, and so
on. These matters should be considered with counterparts before implementing the PT
survey and traffic surveys.
(2) Pre-Survey (Pilot Survey)
To evaluate the contents of interview items and the method of the field survey, a pre-survey
will be carried out before the field survey. The interview forms will be finalized based on
the pre-survey. The number of samples for the pre-survey will be 10.
(3) Traffic Zone
Union Council (UC) Administration is the unit of traffic zone. The Household Interview
Survey aims to produce an origin-destination (OD) matrix based on the traffic zone.
Some of the UC-base zones have a long shape along the road and the others have a big area
in the suburban area, and those kinds of zones need to reconsider the zone shape and the
size in this survey.
(4) Military land
There are many military lands that are called Cantonment Area in Karachi City. Some of
military lands contain the residential area, and those may be important to make the transport
plan. However, military lands are not under the control of the City office which works as a
counterpart in this study, and the collection of data may be difficult in those areas. Its
necessary to take countermeasures well before implementing of the PT survey and traffic
surveys.
(5) Sampling
The JICA Study Team understands that the list of households by Union Council (UC) in
Karachi City is not available, and population is the only reliable official data at UC level.
Population by age by sex is only available at the city level. In such a condition, it is difficult
to validate the statistical reliability in the expansion process of sample data. The number of
households by UC for the year 2010 will be given by Karachi City or will be estimated by
the JICA Study Team using available data.
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The number of samples is 40,000 households in total. The sampling rate (R) will be: R =
40,000/NH, where NH is the total number of households in Karachi in 2010. The expansion
rate (E) will be: E = 1/R.
The number of samples by UC will be calculated in proportion with the number of
households by UC. An UC will be divided into several sub-zones considering the
organization of the field work team. The number of households by sub-zone will be
estimated by counting the number of buildings using satellite image, and the number of
samples to be collected in a sub-zone will be calculated by applying the sampling rate.
In a sub-zone, sample houses will be picked up at random. To ensure the randomness, a
regular rule will be established according the characteristics of the area.
(6) Interview
This survey will collect trip information of all household members above 5 years of age,
and it is necessary to ask them about their trip each by each. An interview team will visit a
selected house and confirm an adequate interviewee. The questionnaires are so complex that
the interviewer should plainly and carefully explain the contents to the interviewee. In case
that some members are out from home (and this will be the normal case), the interviewer
should ask the interviewee to fill in the form of other household members and visit the
house again. Because of this process, the number of samples which an interview team can
collect is limited. The JICA Study Team assumed it four samples per interview team per
day.
(7) Data Processing
The interview forms which are collected in the field survey will be compiled as digital data
through careful verification of data and data punching.
(8) Schedule
The necessary period for the survey depends on the capacity of the survey company for this
HIS. The total team-months for the interview are 400 (40,000 / 4 / 25 days). Assuming a
team consists of two surveyors, the total man-months are calculated as 800. The table below
shows the necessary number of interviewers by survey months.
Table 3-3. Estimated Number of Surveyors (excluding supervisors)
No. of Months 2 3 4 5 6
No. of Interviewers 416 278 208 166 138
Considering the capacity of survey companies in Pakistan, from our experiences in other
projects, recruiting and training of more than 200 interviewers would be difficult. Therefore,
it is proposed to carry out the HIS in five months as shown in the figure below.
2010 2011
April May Jun.- Aug. September October November December January
Recruit & training

Pilot Survey
Field Survey
Reporting

Figure 3-1. Schedule of HIS
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(9) Necessary Permissions, Procedures, and Coordination

The JICA Study Team understands that all necessary permissions, procedures, and
coordination among relative authorities for the execution of the HIS will be ensured by
CDGK.
3.2.3 Analysis of Survey Result
The survey result will be analyzed and summarized as a technical report, including the
result of the traffic survey in 2008 by JICA. From the result of the person trip survey, trip
generation rates and other original rates for the demand forecast will be estimated.
3.2.4 Estimation of the Present OD Matrix
The present OD matrix will be prepared by processing the data of the person trip survey.
The matrix will be: (i) by mode, (ii) by purpose, (iii) by time, and (iv) by the combination of
mode, purpose, and time, if possible. Figure below shows the procedure of making the
present O/D.
Household Interview O/D by Karachi Screen Line Survey

Survey Residents
Present O/D
Cordon Line Survey O/D by Visitors

Cordon Line Survey

Figure 3-2. Estimation of the Present OD Matrix
3.3 Analysis on Current Situation
3.3.1 Review of Socio-economic Situation in Karachi

The following sources will be used to review the socio-economic conditions in Karachi.
Statistics and documents provided by CDGK
Socio-Economic Survey Report 2005, CDGK
Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES), 2005-06
3.3.2 Review of Current Urban Transport Facilities in Karachi
A Road Inventory Survey was carried on 43 roads in Karachi in the JICA Study, 2008.
The JICA Study Team will review the inventory data and a supplemental survey will be
carried out, if necessary. Table below shows the items and details in the review work. It is
assumed that some data such as traffic accident will be provided by CDGK (in bold style in
the table). The results will be compiled into GIS data (ESRI ArcView format).
16
Table 3-4. Review Details of Urban Transport Facilities

Item Detail Source
Facilities Road Name, Length, Cross-section (width, no. of Road Inventory
lanes, median, drainage, shoulder, tree, Survey, 2008, JICA
sidewalk), Pavement Type, Condition
Interchange (location, structure) Site visit, map
Public Transport Terminal (location, area), Inter-modal facilities Site visit, map
Parking (public) Location, no. of parking lot Site visit, map
Traffic Road Traffic volume Mid-Block Count
Survey, 2008, JICA
Traffic accident CDGK
Public Transport Route, frequency, fare level Public Transport
Survey (this study)
Environment Air pollution, noise CDGK
3.3.3 Problem Identification of Transport System in Karachi

The problems of urban transport system in Karachi have been reiterated as: traffic
congestion, poor road maintenance, a large number of traffic accidents, air pollution from
vehicle exhaust gas, overcrowded and uncomfortable bus ride, insufficient and poor bus
services, lack of traffic management, traffic chaos by flood in rainy season, and so on.
The JICA Study Team will review these problems by the result of traffic survey, site visits,
and other existing studies, and summarize as issues to solve the problems, especially
focusing on interoperability of various modes. The target is to clarify the necessity to
develop mass transit system.
3.3.4 Analysis of Urban Transport Organization in Karachi
Relevant organizations for urban transport in Karachi will be identified including private
sector such as bus associations. The roles and responsibilities for public transport
development will be analyzed.
3.3.5 Land Use Survey
The present land use will be analyzed using the present land use map (2005) in KSDP 2020.
Area by land use type will be calculated from the land use map using GIS for each traffic
zone. To check the recent land use, satellite images will be obtained as shown in the table
below.
Table 3-5. Satellite Images
Location Image Type
Urbanized Area Quickbird 0.61 meter satellite image
Suburban Area ALOS 0.24 meter satellite image
3.4 Formulation of Planning Framework
3.4.1 Setting of Socio-economic Framework

KSDP has already established the planning framework for 2020. Therefore, new
socioeconomic frame for 2030 will be set while reviewing the KSDP framework in this
study. In this case, several scenarios will be prepared because there are so many uncertain
elements to set the economic growth rate in the future. Some elements such as the
influences by a worldwide recession in 2007 and the decline of the economic growth in the
oil-producing countries in the immediate past and so on, which influences may not have
reflected to the statistics yet, will be also considered to set the framework as much as
possible.
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Target year 2010, 2020, 2030 (All frames will be verified by every 5 years
supplementally)
Item GDP, population, workplace base employed population, and car

ownership rate
Growth scenario High growth, middle growth, and low growth
3.4.2 Land Use Plan

KSDP has established the future land use plan in 2020. However, the zone setting is too
complicated to use for the base of traffic planning. The purpose of land use planning in this
study is 1) to formulate the urban areas which are corresponding to the traffic facility
development plan, and 2) to set the future framework for the demand forecast. Therefore,
land use plan will be prepared by a more rough zoning classification (residential area,
commercial area, industrial area, and others) and population density classification to be able
to analyze the traffic generating density (low, middle and high). The land use plan will be
prepared by considering not only the development potential but also the limiting condition
from the water supply and the power supply.
And then, socioeconomic frame by planning zone will be estimated by using GIS
corresponding to the result of the future land use plan.
3.4.3 Financial Frame
Karachi City needs to develop the infrastructure such as road, water supply, sewage water
and so on in order to achieve the KSDP 2020, and it is thought that the development of the
mass-transit traffic project which will be proposed by this study will be difficult by using
the City and State budgets simply.
Therefore, it is necessary to get the support from the Country and the investment from
private company and foreign countries. Here, a financial frame in Karachi City and Sindh
State will be estimated according to the scenarios by economic growth.
3.5 Traffic Demand Forecast
3.5.1 Modeling
Traffic demand will be forecasted by a commonly used 4-step demand forecasting method.
Simple models as much as possible will be developed in this study in consideration of
carrying models into KMTC.
Trip production
The number of total trip of the entire Karachi City will be estimated based on the unit rate
obtained by the PT survey.
Trip generation and attraction
Generally, generation and attraction models will be developed by using the socioeconomic
data of each traffic zone. However, the statistics in Karachi City doesnt have prepared well
and only population and the number of student by traffic zone are available now. Therefore,
it may be difficult to make attraction models because there are no employment statistics.
Trip distribution
The methods of estimation of distribution traffic are 1) present pattern method and 2)
gravity model method briefly. The gravity model will be adopted in this study because the
expansion of urban area will be planned in KSDP.
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Modal split
Modal choice computes the proportion of trips between each origin and destination that use
a particular transportation mode, and main modes are walking, cars, buses and motorcycles.
The structure of modal choice model will be decided by using the plan of transport networks
and the result of the analysis of PT survey.
One of the important themes is how to plan the mass-transit networks in this study.
Especially forecasting by traffic mode is the most important work in the traffic demand
forecast. Its necessary to clarify the demand structure through the analysis of the factors of
modal choice by mode and the above-mentioned factors. When the traffic by mode will be
forecasted, following two ways will be implemented. One way is to estimate the volume
through the demand structure, and the other way is to set the target value that public
transport mode should share first, and then to consider how much provide the services to
achieve the target value.
Trip assignment
Final step of 4-step demand forecasting method is to assign the traffic demand to the traffic
networks. Assignment allocates trips between an origin and destination by a particular mode
to transport route, which is the minimum of the generalized cost. This calculation will be
implemented separately for road networks and mass-transit networks.
3.5.2 Simulation
Various cases of demands will be forecasted by using the above-mentioned method and
JICA-STRADA.
Especially, the demand on the road networks will be simulated by using the user equilibrium
assignment method or incremental assignment method.
When the demand on the mass-transit networks will be simulated, many factors such as fare,
travel time, waiting time, transfer time, distance by walk and so on will be considered.
3.6 Urban Transport Development Policy
3.6.1 Urban Transport Scenario

To establish the urban transport development policy, several scenarios will be proposed and
evaluated for (i) urban development strategy, and (ii) mass transit development strategy.
(1) Scenario for Urban Development Strategy
Karachi City faces two issues in urban development: (i) improvement of urbanized area, and
(ii) city expansion. From this, the following two priorities will be analyzed.
Intensive transport development in the center area to solve the serious congestion
Transport development in the suburban area to support the city expansion
Pros and cons of these scenarios will be analyzed, and the best approach, including the
mixed scenario of the two, will be proposed.
(2) Scenario for Mass Transit Development
There are various public transport modes in the world, most of which have been developed
according to the characteristics of each city and various conditions. The following scenarios
will be analyzed:
Priority construction of high capacity transit system along major high demand route,
such as Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) which can carry a large number of passengers
Construction of medium capacity transit system such as Light Rail Transit (LRT) along
major corridors
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Introduction of Bus Rapid Transit along arterial roads to cover a large area.
Pros and cons of these scenarios will be analyzed, and the best approach will be proposed.
3.6.2 Development Policies
Based on the analysis of the urban transport scenario and discussion with the counterpart,
development policies and targets of the urban transport master plan will be proposed for 1)
road network, 2) public transport system, 3) cargo transportation, 4) intermodal facilities,
and 5) traffic management.
3.6.3 Network Alternatives
To formulate the future transport network (road network and public transport network),
network alternatives will be prepared based on the development policies and the review
works.
(1) Road Network
The adequate road classification will be identified for each proposed road based on the
future land use plan.
(2) Public Transport Network
For new mass transit system, the proper system will be selected through a multi-criteria
analysis. Traffic demand, geographic conditions, cost, social impact, and environment will
be the criteria.
3.7 Urban Transport Master Plan
3.7.1 Project Identification

Necessary projects for the development guideline will be identified and the project list will
be prepared. Project list will include arterial roads, intersections, mass transit system,
inter-modal facilities, and traffic management. Road projects will include those listed in
KSDP 2020.
The projects will be categorized into short (-2020), mid (-2025), and long-term (-2030)
based on traffic demand and project scale. In this study, a short-term project means that the
project will start within the short-term period and does not necessarily mean that the project
will be completed in the short-term period.
3.7.2 Preliminary Cost Estimates
For road project, unit project costs per kilometer will be estimated based on the existing and
past road project in Karachi. For mass transit project, unit cost of civil work will be
prepared based on the study of Karachi Circular Railway. The cost for rolling stock and
railway system will be estimated based on the world examples.
3.7.3 Project Prioritization
The impact of the identified projects will be estimated by demand forecast in terms of traffic
volume. Several indices for the project prioritization will be examined and the projects will
be evaluated according to the indices.
3.7.4 Implementation Plan of Short-Term Project
The necessary actions to implement the proposed short-term projects will be identified and
the schedule will be prepared in a Gantt chart format.
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3.8 Implementation Framework for Mass Transit Development
3.8.1 Financial Policies for Mass Transit System

(1) Study of Possible Financial Sources of Mass Transit Development
Financial condition in Sindh State and Karachi City will be analyzed based on the result of
3.4.3 Setting of financial frame. The possibility of private investment and foreign loan
will be examined, including public private partnership scheme.
(2) Proper Project Scale of the Feasibility Study
A realistic financial scale for the project of the upcoming feasibility study will estimated.
(3) Proposal of the Optimal Fare System
The fare system that maximizes the revenue for the business operator will be studied while
considering the forecast of the income level in the future. Moreover, the common fare
system among several routes will be also studied.
3.8.2 Legal and Institutional Framework for Mass Transit Development
(1) Proposal of institutional and legal framework for project implementation
Considering the financial support by JICA or other international financial agencies, the
implementation body is required high capability in the field of financial aspect, resettlement
issues, and technical matters of mass transit system. Karachi Mass Transit Cell, CDGK
(KMTC) is supposed to be the implementation body for the development of mass transit
system in Karachi so far. On the other hand, Karachi Urban Transport Corporation (KUTC)
was established as the implementation body for KCR project. Since the integration of urban
transport system is the key issue for the successful implementation of mass transit system,
the best formulation of the implementation body will be proposed through an alternative
analysis.
(2) Proposal of Operation and Maintenance (O&M) scheme
Table below shows the type of operation and maintenance scheme in recent world
experiences. Pros and cons of these types will be analyzed and intensive discussion with the
counterpart will be held to propose the adequate operation and maintenance scheme for
mass transit system in Karachi.
Table 3-6. O&M Types
Type O&M by a public Concession Public and private Privatization or BOT
company partnership
Feature The public operator The public operator The public sector owns A private operator
operates and maintain subcontract O&M infrastructure while operates and maintains
by itself. A part of works to a private O&M is done by a by itself.
minor works such as company. private company.
cleaning and guard are
done by outsourcing.
Revenue Public authority or Public authority or Private company Private company
public company public company
Example Underground railways France Bangkok Metro Railways in Japan
in Japan Dockland LRT Singapore Metro
(3) Formulation of action plans

The following action plans will be formulated based on the proposal of institutional and
legal framework and O&M scheme.
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Action plan of the reform of institutional and legal framework for the implementation of
mass transit projects,
Action plan of the implementation of the institutional and legal framework for the
decision of fare system,
Action plan of the reform of institutional and legal framework for the proposed O&M
scheme.
3.9 Priority Mass Transit Project
3.9.1 Selection of Priority Mass Transit Project

Priority mass transit projects will be selected among the short-term projects to decide as the
candidate projects for the feasibility study. Since the number of short-term mass transit
projects is expected to be small, due to a large amount of the project cost, all of them would
be selected as priority mass transit project. However, if it is clear that a project will be
financed by international agency other than JICA or domestic sources, such a project will be
excluded from priority mass transit projects.
3.9.2 Economic and Financial Evaluation
(1) Economic Analysis
Reduction of travel time and Reduction of vehicle operating cost will be calculated as
the economic benefit. The evaluation period of time will be determined after the survey. It
will be judged whether to include KCR in without case while seeing the progress of KCR
project.
Traffic demand forecast Until 2030 Construction cost
O & M cost
With case Without case Vehicle cost
By mode, By mode,
veh-km, veh-hour veh-km, veh-hour
Difference 25years after opening Conversion factor

(without-with) Fix after 2030
Time value, VOC
Economic benefit Economic cost
Economic analysis
EIRR
B/C
NPV
Figure 3-3. Workflow of Economic Analysis
(2) Financial analysis

In the financial analysis, FIRR by each project will be calculated. At mass-transit project,
not only the fare revenue but also the advertisement income and the real estate business
income will be mainly included to the analysis, and other types of income will be included
optionally.
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3.9.3 Environmental and Social Impact Study

(1) Review of Institutional and Legal Framework for Environmental and Social
Considerations
The following policies, laws, guidelines, regulations, and other institutional and legal
documents will be reviewed for the case of urban transport projects.
National Environmental Policy 2005,
Pakistan Environment Protection Ordinance (PEPO), 1983
Pakistan Environmental Protection Act (PEPA), 1997
Guidelines for the Preparation and Review of Environmental Reports (1997),
Guidelines for Public Consultation (1997),
Sectoral Guidelines for Preparation of Environmental Reports,
Pak-EPA (Review of IEE and EIA) Regulations, 2000,
National Resettlement Policy (2002),
Project Implementation and Resettlement of Affected Persons Ordinance 2001,
The Sindh Karachi Abadis Act, 1987
(2) Scoping
A preliminary environmental study, including an alternative analysis, will be carried out for
the priority mass transit projects in short-term. The contents of the preliminary
environmental study will be identified through a scoping work. A scoping matrix, with
candidate survey items in the left column and project-related activities in the top row, will
be prepared for the scoping work. The alternatives to be studied will be also identified.
(3) Base-line Study
Basic information along the project route will be collected using the existing documents and
site visit. The information includes land-use, natural environment, socio-economic status,
living conditions, and other social infrastructure. If necessary, an interview survey will be
conducted with the number of samples less than 500.
(4) Impact Analysis
The impact of each project will be estimated for each environmental and social item
identified in the scoping. It will be quantified as much as possible.
(5) Alternative Study
Alternatives for the mass transit projects will be evaluated in view of environmental and
social considerations. The alternatives should have differences in its environmental and
social impact from the original project. Route alternatives will not be considered here.
(6) Stakeholder Meeting
Relevant stakeholders will be identified for the target project of evaluation, and the
stakeholder meeting will be held.
3.9.4 Selection of Feasibility Study Project
A project for the feasibility study in F/S stage will be selected from the mass transit projects
in the short-term projects. The project that will be funded by financial partners other than
JICA will not be selected.
3.10 Project List for Possible JICA Assistance
A list of urban transport projects that JICA can support within the scheme of Japanese ODA
will be proposed. Note that this does not necessarily mean that JICA commits the execution
of ODA for all the proposed projects.
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Chapter 4 Methodology of Feasibility Study

In this chapter main items of methodology for feasibility study will be described, because
details of methodology for feasibility study should be submitted in Interim Report 1.
4.1 Collection of Topography and Geo-technical Information
4.1.1 Collection of Existing Data of Physical Condition

Expected existing data are as follows.
(1) Existing topographical data
(2) Existing geological and hydrological data
(3) Disaster records in the past ( Windstorm and flood, earthquake )
4.1.2 Topography Survey and Geological Survey

Topography survey and geological survey will be carried out along roads of the selected
railway route for feasibility study. These surveys should be carried out by local consultants.
Locations, area, and details of survey will be planned taking account of route conditions
after selecting route for feasibility study.
4.1.3 Utility Investigation
Locations of utilities along the planned route will be investigated by local consultants in the
next stage.
Water supply and Sewage line
Electric cable (embedded and overhead)
Telephone cable (embedded and overhead)
Gas pipe
High voltage line (embedded and overhead)
Others (Elevated road, road tunnel, underpass, underground parking, etc)
4.2 Study of Design Specifications
4.2.1 Design Specification of Railway System

In case of planning and designing of urban railway facilities, design specifications will be
required considering performance, train set, and capacity of rolling stock compatible with
the demand forecast.
4.2.2 Design Specification of Alignment
Design specification for alignment will be set after consultation with counterpart KMTC in
Pakistan taking account of importance to secure space for railway facilities.
4.3 Route Plan
4.3.1 Comparison and Study of Route

Route plan will be to determine the horizontal and vertical alignment including locations of
stations considering above design specification for alignment.
Several routes will be planned and compared from a following point of view and the
optimum route will be selected.
(1) Site condition along roads (Alignment of road, road width, form of intersection)
(2) To secure setting-up space in case of elevated or underground structures
(3) To minimize land acquisition and resettlement
24
4.3.2 Location of Stations

The main factors which will determine the location of station are as follows:
(1) Distance between stations will be about 1.0 km in case of mass rapid transit system
(2) Public facilities (administrative center, large hospital, large library)
(3) Transfer station such as junction of another railway route
(4) Business center and commercial center
(5) Difficulty of construction work and construction cost
4.3.3 Preparation of Drawings

Following drawings will be prepared for the optimum route and location of stations.
(1) Plan (Transport network and route plan)
(2) Profile plan
4.4 Basic Plan
4.4.1 Transport Plan

The train diagram will be prepared by studying the transport capacity which is calculated
from passenger capacity per train and the required number of trains based on the demand
forecast.
Based on the rolling stock performance data and alignment data, the run-curve will be
prepared showing with operation time and the train diagram in the peak hour.
The required number of rolling stock will calculated from number of trains and the train
diagram in the peak hour.
4.4.2 Rolling Stock Plan
The rolling stock capacity will be determined based on demand forecast and transport plan.
4.4.3 Track Bed, Civil Work Structures and Track
In the case of planning civil work structures, most important factors are to select structural
type and construction method.
Structural type is divided broadly into two categories, elevated type and underground type.
In case of selection standard structure, comparison will carried out concerning safety and
economic and standard dimension of structures required in cost estimate will be determined.
In case of studying track, vibration and noise in running, construction difficulty,
construction cost and easy maintenance will be considered.
4.4.4 Stations and Annex Structures
Required station facilities including platform, stairway and escalator will be planned
considering a number of passengers based on demand forecast.
In the case of planning station structures, most important factors are to select structural type
and construction method.
Structural types of stations are divided broadly into two categories, elevated type and
underground type. Several typical stations will be selected in railway route and drawing of
arrangement for station facilities will be prepared.
4.4.5 Depot and Workshop
Selecting candidate area for depot and workshop should be carried out in master plan stage,
because depot and workshop will require large scale land and will consequently influence
on land use plan.
25
Outline of track layout will be prepared based on transport plan and rolling stock plan.
4.4.6 Signaling, Telecommunication, Power Supply and Machinery
For the power supply system, the study will be carried out with regard to the necessity of
common specifications with other lines for through service or for compatible use of rolling
stock.
In case of the study for locations and numbers of initial power receiving points (high
voltage stations), power supply system will be proposed in order to ensure suitable and
required electrical power supply taking account of reviewing and understanding the
electrical system in Karachi City.
4.5 Implementation Plan
4.5.1 Project Scope

Project scope of recommended railway route should be clarified are as follows.
(1) Construction plan of the whole route
(2) Transport plan and rolling stock plan
(3) Stations and annex structures
(4) Depot and workshop
(5) Electrical and mechanical equipment
(6) Consulting services required to implement this project
4.5.2 Cost Estimate

In case of cost estimate for the project, important matters to keep in mind are as follows.
1) Main items of cost estimate are as follows (foreign currency and local currency)
Base cost of each components
Consulting service
Price escalation
Interest during construction
Commitment charge
Land acquisition cost and resettlement cost
General administration cost
Tax and Duties
Physical contingencies
EMP cost
2) Studying of base cost should be considered efficiency and economic of construction
method.
3) Suitable packaging for international competitive bidding will be planned. Each packaging
will be described clearly and also separated into a foreign currency and a local currency.
4) Procurement country, procurement procedure, procurement period and transfer expense
including local procurement cost will be investigated in procurement of construction
equipment and supplies.
5) Project cost will be separated into Japanese yen loan and other funds taking account of
capital procurement plan (4.9).
6) Software will be developed so that project cost is automatically recalculated in estimation
work when base cost is altered.
4.5.3 Consideration of Cost Reduction
Study of cost reduction will be carried out from following point of view.
1) Optimization
26
Study of optimization is as follows.

Shortening of construction period
Adoption advanced technology
Other bidding method
2) Review annex facility
Size and method of annex structures will be reviewed. Implementation plan at Karachi City
expense will be proposed.
3) Review project plan
In case of study size and function of Japanese yen loan project, cost reduction will be
carried out due to review from as usual plan.
4) Suitable construction period
Cost reduction will be carried out by setting suitable construction period of Japanese yen
loan project. Procurement lots in the bidding will be discussed with the organization in
Karachi City.
4.5.4 Preparation of Implementation Schedule
Implementation schedule should be prepared by bar-chart per each component.
Process and procedure for selecting a consultant will be described clearly.
Detailed design
Prepare tender document
Pre-Qualification
Bidding period and evaluation
Negotiation on contract and conclusion contract
Resettlement plan and development of resettlement area
Time-bound action plan on important implementation items, including responsible sections
deadlines, and means of confirmation for those items, will be prepared.
4.5.5 Procurement Procedures
The amount and procedure will be checked up on every bidding package.
Procurement procedure will be finalized after discussion with KMTC and will be based on
the International Competitive bidding method with internationally used standards such as
FIDIC.
4.5.6 Study of Applicability of Japanese Technology and Knowledge to the Project
The selection of the mass transit system and its technology for construction, operation, and
maintenance should be based on the world experiences. Since Japan has rich experiences
and advanced technology about mass transit system, the applicability of Japanese
technology and knowledge to the mass transit project will be studied. In addition to the
importance of proper selection of technology, financial arrangement will be also one of the
critical issues of the project implementation. From these, the financial arrangement using
Special Terms for Economic Partnership (STEP) will be examined.
4.6 Project Effects
4.6.1 Operation and Effect Indicators

Passenger volume will be proposed as important indicator considering characteristic of
railway project. Other indicators will be set in operation and effect.
27
4.6.2 Analysis of Environment Improvement Effect

Reduction of exhaust gas emission has the greatest impact on environment improvement
and its effect will be estimated by applying a basic unit of exhaust gas emission in each
system.
4.6.3 Confirmation of Qualitative and Quantitative Effect
Qualitative effects such as land development, job creation and business investment will be
identified.
Quantitative effects will be confirmed based on the effect indicators as described in 4-6-1.
4.6.4 Implementation of Economic and Financial Analysis
Reflecting results of the project cost estimation and review of demand forecast, Economic
Internal Ratio of Return (EIRR) and Financial Internal Return Ratio (FIRR) will be
recalculated.
4.7 Environmental and Social Considerations
4.7.1 Assistance on Preparation of Environment Impact AssessmentEIAReport

The JICA Study Team will assist the preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment
(EIA) Report based on JIBIC Guidelines for Confirmation of Environmental and Social
Considerations (April, 2002).
Items for environmental impact will be selected based on a matrix form, which is used to
evaluate environmental impact at the time of the master plan.
4.7.2 Assistance on Stakeholder Meeting
Members to attend the stakeholder meeting will consist of inhabitants living near project
area, public or private organizations involved and international organizations.
Through the course of the feasibility study, two meetings are planned. Details of the project
plan will be explained in the first meeting, and conclusive results of feasibility study will be
explained in the second.
4.7.3 Assistance on Preparation of Draft Resettlement Action Plan
Overall support will be offered for draft preparation of resettlement plan based on JIBIC
Guidelines for Confirmation of Environmental and Social Considerations (April, 2002)
and OP 4.12 and its annexes issued by the World Bank.
A resettlement plan will be prepared by local consultants in parallel with preparation of
specifications. It will include the outlines of stakeholder meeting in it.
4.7.4 Overall Support for Environmental and Social Advisory Committee
To ask for advice in the stage of scoping, overall support will be offered for document
preparation for the committee or answers for queries.
4.8 Establishment of Frameworks for Implementation, Operation, Maintenance

and Management Organization
4.8.1 Clarification of Implementation, Operation, Maintenance and Management

Organization
When determining the project implementing body, it is necessary to build a consensus
among stake holders such as KMTC, KUTC, National Railway of Pakistan, Sindh province
and the central government.
28
An organization and a manpower schedule necessary to establish railway businesses will be

proposed based on the past examples in other countries.
4.8.2 Support for Legal and Institutional System Frameworks
The parties necessary to get involved in revising the legal system will be identified and the
schedule for the revision will be proposed
4.8.3 Establishment of Capacity Development plan
A capacity development plan will be formulated.
The implementation body should be formulated before the project appraisal, while the
operating organization should be formulated two or three years prior to the operation.
The capacity development plan will include the minimum requirements of personnel in each
sector of the organizations, and the education program before the opening of the mass
transit system.
It is expected that the new office staff will consist of those transferred from national railway
or existing public transport authorities. The capacity improvement plan will be made and
proposed so that their capability will be improved well enough by the time of operation,
though capability may vary widely when they are employed.
4.9 Preparation of Finance Plan
4.9.1 Proposal of Fund Procurement Plans

It is essential for the project to get subsidy from the government due to the enormous
amount of initial investment.
A realistic fund procurement plan will be suggested with adequate consideration to
Pakistans financial situation.
4.9.2 Estimates of Costs for Operation, Maintenance and Management
The payroll cost will be estimated based on the manpower schedule described in 4-8-1.
Subsequently, maintenance and management cost will be estimated based on the basic unit
of maintenance and management cost by reference of examples from other countries.
4.9.3 Cash flow analysis
Organize the initial investment amount, maintenance and management cost and revenue,
and estimate annual maintenance and management cost, along with preparation of cash
flow.
4.10 Preparation of Project Implementation plan
4.10.1 Preparation of Project Implementation Plan

A project implementation plan will be prepared.
4.10.2 Preparation of PC-1
PC-1 will be prepared based on the project implementation plan described in 4-10-1, in
accordance with the form of Planning Commission, Government of Pakistan.
29
Chapter 5 Work Schedule

5.1 Work Schedule
Work schedule of the M/P stage is shown in Figure 5-1 as a flow chart and Figure 5-2 as a
Gantt Chart, and that of the F/S stage is shown in Figure 5-3 and Figure 5-4.
5.2 Reporting
The contents and schedule of reports are:
Report Contents Time No. of sets

Inception Report Approach, methods, work End of March, English: 30
schedule and work plan 2010 Japanese: 5
Progress Report-1 3.1 3.3 End of August, English: 30
Part of 3.4 2010
Progress Report-2 3.4, 3.6 3.8 End of December, English 30
2010
Interim Report 1 (1) 3.1 3.10 Mid end of English: 50
March, 2011 Japanese
Summary 5
Interim Report 1 (2) Approach, methods, work End of March, English: 30
schedule and work plan of F/S 2011 Japanese: 5
Interim Report 2 4.1 4.5 End of August, English: 30
2011
Draft Final Report All results of the Study Mid of November, English: 30
2011 Japanese
Summary 5
Final Report Final Report based on the End of January, English: 55
comments on the Draft Final 2012 Japanese
Report from the Joint Steering Summary 10
Committee
5.3 Other Deliverable
In addition to the report mentioned above, the following data and documents will be
submitted.
All collected data through the Study
Data of Traffic Surveys
Input data of demand forecast (network data, O/D tables, parameters) for all scenarios in
JICA-STRADA format
Output data of demand forecast for all scenarios in JICA-STRADA format
Drawings
Bill of Quantity
For the future update and reuse of these data and documents, a database manual will be
prepared.
30
2011
Apr. May June July Aus. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. April May June
Formulation of Planning Framework Establishment of Master Plan Selection of Feasibility Study Project
2. Traffic Surveys
2-1. Traffic Surveys 2-2. Household Interview Survey 2-3. Analysis

of Survey
Result
2-4.Estimation
of the Present
OD Matrix
4. Formulation of Planning 5. Traffic Demand Forecast

Framework
4-1. Formulation of Socio- 5-1. Modelling 5-2. Simulation
economic Framework
4-2. Development of Land Use

Plan
4-3. Formulation of Financial
Frame
6. Urban Transport Development Policy

1. Review of Policies, Development
Plans and Past Studies
6-1. Urban Transport Scenarios
1-1. Review of Urban Development 10. Project List
Policies, Plans, Related Laws and 6-2. Development Policies for Possible JICA
Regulations 6-3. Future Network Alternatives 6-4. Future Network Assistance
31
1-2. Review of Policies and 7. Urban Transport Master Plan
Development Program in Transport 7-4. Implementation Plan
7-1. Project Identification
Sector of Short-Term Project
7-2. Preliminary Cost Estimates
1-3. Review of Previous Transport 7-3. Project Prioritization
Sector Studies
9. Priority Mass Transit Project
1-4. Problem Identification
9-1. Selection of
Priority Mass
Transit Project
3. Analysis on Current Situation
9-4. Selection of
9-2. Economic and Financial
Figure 5-1. Flowchart of Master Plan

3-1. Review of Socio-economic & Feasibility Study
8. Implementation Framework for Mass Transit Development Evaluation
environmental Situation Project
9-2-1 Economic Evaluation
3-2. Review of Current Urban 8-1. Financial Policies for 8-2. Legal and Institutional 9-2-2 Financila Evaluation
Transport Facilities Mass Transit System Framework for Mass Transit
8-1-1 Study of Passible Development 9-3. Environmental and Social Impact Study
3-3. Problem Identification of
Financial Sources for Mass 8-2-1 Institutional and legal
Transport System 9-3-1 Review of Institutional and Legal Framework for
Transit Development framework for project
3-4. Analysis of Urban Transport implementation Environmental and Social Considerations
8-1-2 Proper Project Scale of
Organization the Feasibility Study 8-2-2 Operation and 9-3-2 Scoping
8-1-3 Proposal of the Optimal Maintenance (O&M) scheme 9-3-3 Base-line Study
3-5. Land Use Survey Fare System 8-3-3 Action Plans 9-3-4 Impact Analysis
9-3-5 Alternative Study
9-3-6 Stakeholder meeting
S/C IT/R1
P/R-1 P/R-2
April May June July August September October November December Jan. Feb. Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar.
2010 2011
Phase-
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
Master Plan
Report ICR PR1 PR2 ITR1
TOR1
1. Review of Policies, Development Plans and Past Studies
1-1 Review of Urban Development Policies, Plans, Related
Laws and Regulation
1-2 Review of Policies and Development Programs in
Transport Sector
1-3 Review of Previous Transport Sector Studies
1-4 Problem Identification
2. Traffic Survey
2-1 Household Interview Survey
2-2 Other Traffic Surveys
2-3 Analysis of Survey Result
2-4 Estimation of the Present OD Matrix
3. Analysis on Current Situation
3-1 Review of Socio-economic Situation in Karachi
3-2 Review of Current Urban Transport Facilities in Karachi
3-3 Problem Identification of Transport System in Karachi
3-4 Analysis of Urban Transport Organization in Karachi
3-5 Land Use Survey
TOR2
4. Formulation of Planning Framework
4-1 Formulation of Socio-economic Framework
4-2 Formulation of Land Use Framework
4-3 Formulation of Financial Framework
5. Traffic Demand Forecast
5-1 Modeling
5-2 Simulation
6. Urban Transport Development Policy
6-1 Urban Transport Scenario
6-2 Development Policies
6-3 Future Network
7. Urban Transport Master Plan
7-1 Project Identification
7-2 Preliminary Cost Estimates
7-3 Implementation Plan of Short-Term Project
8. Implementation Framework for Mass Transit Development
8-1 Financial Policies for Mass Transit System
(1) Identification of Project Scale of Feasibility Study
(2) Implementation Plan of Operation and Maintenance
Scheme
(3) Proposal for Optimum Fare System
8-2 Legal and Institutional Framework for Mass Transit
Development
(1) Implemantation Body
(2) Operation and Maintenance
9. Priority Mass Transit Project
9-1 Selection of Priority Mass Transit Project
9-2 Economic and Financial Evaluation
(1) Economic Evaluation
(2) Financial Evaluation
9-3 Environmental Consideration
(1) Review of Institutional and Legal Framework for
Environmental Consideration
(2) Scoping
(3) Base-line Study
(4) Impact Analysis
(5) Alternative Study
(6) Stakeholder Meeting
9-4 Selection of Feasibility Study Project
10. Project List for Possible JICA Assistance
Project List for Possible JICA Assistance
ICR: Inceptioin Report, PR1: Progress Report-1, PR2: Progress Report-2, TIR1: Interim Report-1
Figure 5-2. Work Schedule of M/P
32
2010 2011
July August September October November December January February
1. Collection of
topography and
Geo-technical
Information
1-1 Collection of
Existing Data of
Physical Condition
1-2 Topography
Survey and
Geological Survey
1-3 Utility 7. Environmental and Social Considerations
Investigation 7-1 Assistance on Preparation of EIAReport
7-2 Assistance on Stakeholder Meeting
2. Study of 7-3 Assistance on Preparation of Draft Resettlement
Design Action Plan
Specification 7-4 Overall Support for Environmental and Social
2-1 Design Advisory Committee
Specification for
Railway System
2-2 Design
Specification for
Alignment 6. Project Effects
6-1 Operation and Effect
Indicators
3. Route Plan 6-2 Analysis of Environment
3-1 Comparison and Study of Route Improvement Effect
3-2 Location of Stations 6-3 Confirmation of Qualitative
3-3 Preparation of Drawings and Quantitative Effect
6-4 Implementation of
4. Basic Plan Economic and Financial
4-1 Transport Plan
4-2 Rolling Stock Plan
4-3 Track Bed, Civil Work Structures and Track
4-4 Stations and Annex

Structures
4-5 Depot and Workshop
4-6 Signaling, Telecommunication, Power

Supply and Machinery
10. Preparation of
5. Implementation Plan
Project Implementation
5-1 Project Scope Plan
5-2 Cost Estimate
5-3 Consideration of Cost Reduction 10-1 Preparation of Project
5-4 Preparation of Implementation Schedule Implementation Plan
5-5 Procurement Procedures 10-2 Preparation of PC-1
5-6 Study of Applicability of Japanese Technology
and Knowledge to the Project
9. Preparation of
Finance Plan
9-1 Proposal of Fund
Procurement Plans
9-2 Estimates of Costs for
Operation, Maintenance and
Management
9-3 Cash Flow Analysis
8. Establishment of Frameworks for Implementation, Operation,

Maintenance and Management Organization
8-1 Clarification of 8-2 Support for Legal and Institutional
Implementation, Operation, System Frameworks
Maintenance and Management 8-3 Establishment of Capacity
Development Plan
IT/R2 F/R
July August September October November December January February

Figure 5-3. Flowchart of Feasibility Study
33
Year 2011 2012

Phase-2
Month 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
Feasibility Study
Report ITR2 DFR FR
TOR3
1. Collection of Topography and Geo-technical Information
1-1 Collection of Existing Data of Physical Condition
1-2 Topography Survey and Geological Survey
1-3 Utility Investigation
2. Study of Design Specification
2-1 Design Specification of Railway System
2-1 Design Specification of Alignment
3. Route Plan
3-1 Comparison and Study of Route
3-2 Location of Stations
3-3 Preparation of Drawings
4. Basic Plan
4-1 Transport Plan
4-2 Rolling Stock Plan
4-3 Track Bed, Civil Work Structures and Track
4-4 Stations and Annex Structures
4-5 Depot and Workshop
4-6 Signaling, Telecommunication, Power Supply and Machinery
5. Implementation Plan
5-1 Project Scope
5-2 Cost Estimate
5-3 Consideration of Cost Reduction
5-4 Preparation of Implementation Schedule
5-5 Procurement Procedures
5-6 Study of Applicability of Japanese Technology and Knowledge to the
6. Project Effects
6-1 Operation and Effect Indicators
6-2 Analysis of Environment Improvement Effect
6-3 Confirmation of Qualitative and Quantitative Effect
6-4 Implementation of Economic and Financial Analysis
7. Environmental and Social Considerations
7-1 Assistance on Preparation of Environment Impact AssessmentEIA
7-2 Assistance on Stakeholder Meeting
7-3 Assistance on Preparation of Draft Resettlement Action Plan
7-4 Overall Support for Environmental and Social Advisory Committee
8. Establishment of Frameworks for Implementation, Operation, Maintenance
and Management Organization
8-1 Clarification of Implementation, Operation, Maintenance and
Management Organization
8-2 Support for Legal and Institutional System Frameworks
8-3 Establishment of Capacity Development Plan
9. Preparation of Finance Plan
9-1 Proposal of Fund Procurement Plans
9-2 Estimates of Costs for Operation, Maintenance and Management
9-3 Cash Flow Analysis
10. Preparation of Project Implementation Plan
10-1 Preparation of Project Implementation Plan
10-2 Preparation of PC-1
Figure 5-4. Work Plan of F/S
34
Chapter 6 Study Organization

6.1 Member of the JICA Study Team
The JICA Study Team consists of 24 specialists as shown in Table 6-1. Local engineers and
coordinators will join the study team according to the progress of the study.
Table 6-1. Member List of the JICA Study Team
No Name Position
1 Minoru Shibuya Team Leader / Urban Transport Planning
2 Osamu Otsu Deputy Team Leader / Urban Planning / Land Use Planning
3 Naoki Yamaguchi Deputy Team Leader / Urban Railway Planning
4 Shogo Uchida Deputy Team Leader / Public Transport Planning
5 Takeharu Koba Road Planning
6 Toshiaki Horii Socio-economic Analysis
7 Katsuhiko Organization and Institution
Takahashi
8 Yusuke Harada Financial Resource / Economic Analysis
9 Kan Horikiri Traffic Survey / Coordinator
10 Masashi Fukaya Traffic Analysis / Coordinator
11 Masayuki Ishiya Traffic Demand Forecast
12 Takashi Kikuiri Railway Facility
13 Jorge Mller Implementation and Business Plan
14 Tomoaki Tanabe Natural Environment
15 Shusuke Minato Social Environment
16 Nobutake Fukuda Rolling Stock / Train Operation Plan
17 Takemi Sato Electricity / Power / Machine
18 Katsumi Fujii Signal and Telecommunication
19 Tsuyoshi Takayama Cost Estimation / Construction Plan
20 Takayuki Hagiwara Route Plan
21 Hiroyasu Kudo Station Facility
22 Katsuya Kusunoki Underground Structure
23 Yu Iwahashi Intermodal Expert
24 Ryuichi Oikawa GIS Specialist
6.2 Study Team Organization
The organization of the JICA Study Team is shown in Figure 6-1.
6.3 Assignment Schedule
The assignment schedule of the members are shown in Table 6-2.
35
Core Management Group
Team Leader
Minoru Shibuya
Planning Framework Group Infrastructure and System Group Public Transport Planning Group
Deputy Team Leader/ Deputy Team Leader/ Deputy Team Leader/

Urban Planning/Land Use Planning Urban Railway Planning Public Transport Planning
Osamu Otsu NaokiYamaguchi Shogo Uchida
Planning Framework Civil and Track Demand Forecast

Road Traffic Planning Traffic Utility Planning (Railway) Traffic Demand Forecast
Takeharu Koba TakashiKikuiri Masayuki Ishiya
Traffic Interface Planning Route/Alignment Planning Traffic Survey/Work Coordination
Yu Iwahashi Takayuki Hagiwara Kan Horikiri
Socio-economic Evaluation Station Utility Planning Traffic Analysis/Work Coordination
Toshiaki Horii Hiroyasu Kudo Masashi Fukaya
GIS/Land Use Survey Underground Structure
Ryuichi Oikawa Katsuya Kusunoki Economic Evaluation and Analysis/
Cost Estimation/Construction Planning Operation and Management
Environmental and Social Consideration Tsuyoshi Takayama Organization Structure/Institution and Regulation
Environmental Consideration Katsuhiko Takahashi

Tomoaki Tanabe System and Rolling Stock Traffic Resource/Economic Evaluation
Social Environmental Consideration Rolling Stock/Train Operation Planning Yusuke Harada
Shusuke Minato Nobutake Fukuda Operation and Management Planning
Electrical/Mechanical Facility Planning JorgeMller
Takemi Sato
Signal/Telecommunication Planning
Katsumi Fujii

Figure 6-1. Study Team Organization
36
Master Plan Study Feasibility Study
Position Name 2010 2011 2012
Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sep. Oct. Nov. Dec. Jan.
1
Team Leader / Urban Transport
Minoru Shibuya
Planning
2
Deputy Team Leader /
Osamu Otsu
Urban Planning / Land Use Planning
3
Naoki Yamaguchi
Urban Railway Planning
4
Shogo Uchida
Public Transport Planning
5 Road Planning Takeharu Koba
6 Socio-economic Analysis Toshiaki Horii
7
Katsuhiko
Organization and Institution
Takahashi
8 Financial Resource / Economic Analysis Yusuke Harada
9
Traffic Survey / Coordinator Kan Horikiri
10 Traffic Analysis / Coordinator Masashi Fukaya
11 Traffic Demand Forecast Masayuki Ishiya
12 Railway Facility Takashi Kikuiri
37
13 Implementation and Business Plan Jorge Mller
14 Natural Environment Tomoaki Tanabe
15 Social Environment Shusuke Minato
16 Rolling Stock / Train Operation Plan Nobutake Fukuda
Figure 6-2. Assignment Schedule

17 Electricity / Power / Machine Takemi Sato
18 Signal and Telecommunication Katsumi Fujii
19 Cost Estimation / Construction Plan Tsuyoshi Takayama
20 Route Plan Takayuki Hagiwara
21 Station Facility Hiroyasu Kudo
22 Underground Structure Katsuya Kusunoki
23 Intermodal Expert Yu Iwahashi
24 GIS Specialist Ryuichi Oikawa

Chapter 7 Undertaking by the Government of Islamic Republic of

Pakistan
1. To facilitate the smooth conduct of the Study; the Government of Pakistan shall take
necessary measures:
(1) To permit the members of the Team to enter, leave and sojourn in Pakistan for the
duration of their assignments therein and exempt them from foreign registration
requirements and consular fees;
(2) To exempt the members of the Team from taxes, duties and any other charges on
equipment, machinery and other material brought into Pakistan for the implementation
of the Study;
(3) To exempt the members of the Team from income tax and charges of any kind imposed
on or in connection with any emoluments or allowances paid to the members of the
team for their services in connection with the implementation of the Study;
(4) To provide necessary facilities to the Team for the remittance as well as utilization of
the funds introduced into Pakistan from Japan in connection with the implementation
of the study;
2. The Government of Pakistan shall bear claims, if any arises, against the members of the
Team resulting from, occurring in the course of, or otherwise connected with, the discharge
of their duties in the implementation of the Study, except when such claims arise from gross
negligence or willful misconduct on the part of the team.
3. The City District Government Karachi in coordination with Government of Sindh shall act
as a counterpart agency to the Team and also as a coordinating body with other relevant
organizations for the smooth implementation of the Study, on behalf of the Government of
Pakistan
4. The City District Government Karachi in coordination with Government of Sindh shall, at
its own expense, provide the Team with the following, in cooperation with other
organizations concerned:
(1) Security-related information on as well as measures to ensure the safety of the Team;
(2) Information on as well as support in obtaining medical service;
(3) Available data (including maps and photographs) and information related to the Study;
(4) Counterpart personnel;
(5) Suitable office space with necessary equipment; and
(6) Credentials or identification cards.
38

Karachi Transport Study JICA

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Provincial Government of Japan

THE STUDY FOR

MAY 11, 2010

1.2 Objectives of the Study

Figure 1-1. Location Map

1.4 Committees for the Study

1.4.1 Structure of the Study

JICA Joint Steering Commitee

Karachi Mass Transit Cell

Source: JICA Study Team

Table 1-1. List of Committee Members

1.5.2 Feasibility Study Stage

2.1.1 Target Year

Source: JICA Study Team

2.1.6 Organization of Project Implementation and O&M

2.2 Technical Approach

[Household Sheet] [Household Sheet]

[Trip Information Sheet] [Trip Information Sheet]

[Transport Opinion Survey]

Projection in KSDP 2020

Review of population Realistic

2010 2020 2030

2.2.3 Formulation of Master Plan based on Scenario Analysis

Decongestion of the Urban developmen in

Revitalization of Karachi Mass transit development

Improvement of public Highway development for

Source: JICA Study Team

Urban Development Scenario

Concept Intensive transport development in Transport development in the

Mass Transit Development Scenario

Strategy Priority construction of high Construction of medium Introduction of a lot of Bus

2.2.4 New Proposal of Mass Transit Corridors

Chapter 3 Methodology of Master Plan

3.2 Traffic Surveys

3.2.1 Traffic Surveys to be conducted in the Study

3.2.2 Household Interview Survey

home and the interviewer need to visit the home again.

Recruit & training

Source: JICA Study Team

(9) Necessary Permissions, Procedures, and Coordination

Household Interview O/D by Karachi Screen Line Survey

Cordon Line Survey O/D by Visitors

Source: JICA Study Team

3.3 Analysis on Current Situation

3.3.1 Review of Socio-economic Situation in Karachi

Table 3-4. Review Details of Urban Transport Facilities

3.3.3 Problem Identification of Transport System in Karachi

3.4 Formulation of Planning Framework

3.4.1 Setting of Socio-economic Framework

Item GDP, population, workplace base employed population, and car

Growth scenario High growth, middle growth, and low growth

3.4.2 Land Use Plan

3.5 Traffic Demand Forecast

3.6 Urban Transport Development Policy

3.6.1 Urban Transport Scenario

3.7 Urban Transport Master Plan

3.7.1 Project Identification

3.8 Implementation Framework for Mass Transit Development

3.8.1 Financial Policies for Mass Transit System

(3) Formulation of action plans

3.9 Priority Mass Transit Project

3.9.1 Selection of Priority Mass Transit Project

Traffic demand forecast Until 2030 Construction cost

With case Without case Vehicle cost