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t
h 2 h
t t
B B
AT THE BASE
h WB N W WB P sin 60
t W 195 kN (25 kN) sin 60
W 216.651 kN
V M (P cos 60)h (25 kN)(cos 60)(5.0 m)
M 62.5 kN m
N
TENSILE STRESS (EQUAL TO ZERO)
P 25 kN
h 5.0 m N M
st
t 1.5 m A S
b width of buttress perpendicular to the figure W 216.651 kN 62.5 kN m
0
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364 CHAPTER 5 Stresses in Beams
d
F
d/3
V
W
M
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SECTION 5.12 Eccentric Axial Loads 365
d 2 d 3 Pd 12P 2P 6 1
A S M or (Eq. 1)
4 32 2 d 2 bd d b
P M 4P 16P 12P
Tension: st 2 (a) Determine the width b of the rectangular post
A S d d 2 d 2 d
P M 4P 16P From Eq. (1): b
Compression: sc 2 6
A S d d 2
20P (b) Compressive stresses
2
d 20P
Circular post: sc
RECTANGULAR POST d 2
4P 4P
Rectangular post: sc
bd 2 Pd bd (d6)d
A bd S M
6 2 24P
P M P 3P 2P
Tension: st d 2
A S bd bd bd
Rectangular post has the larger compressive
P M P 3P 4P stress.
Compression: sc
A S bd bd bd
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366 CHAPTER 5 Stresses in Beams
(a) MAXIMUM TENSILE STRESS (AT TOP OF BLOCK) (b) IF d IS INCREASED, the eccentricity e increases
and both stresses increase in magnitude.
t
y 0.5 in.
2
P Pey
st
A I
1200 lb (1200 lb)(0.625 in.)(0.5 in.)
3 in.2 0.25 in.4
400 psi 1500 psi 1900 psi
b
Problem 5.12-14 A bar AB supports a load P acting at the centroid
2
of the end cross section (see figure). In the middle region of the bar
the cross-sectional area is reduced by removing one-half of the bar. b
A b
(a) If the end cross sections of the bar are square with sides of
length b, what are the maximum tensile and compressive stresses t
b
and c, respectively, at cross section mn within the reduced region? b
(a)
(b) If the end cross sections are circular with diameter b, what 2
are the maximum stresses t and c? m n b
2
P
b
(b)
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SECTION 5.12 Eccentric Axial Loads 367
P Mc 2P 6P 8P
st 2 2 2 STRESSES
A I b b b
P Mc 2P 6P 4P P Mct P (0.2122 Pb)(0.2122 b)
sc 2 2 2 st 2
A I b b b A I 0.3927 b 0.006860 b 4
P P P
2.546 2 6.564 2 9.11 2
(b) CIRCULAR BAR b b b
Cross section mn is a semicircle P Mcc P (0.2122 Pb)(0.2878 b)
sc
A I 0.3927b 2 0.006860 b 4
1 b2 b2
A 0.3927 b2 P P P
2 4 8 2.546 2 8.903 2 6.36 2
From Appendix D, Case 10: b b b
b 4
I 0.1098 0.006860 b 4
2
2b
M P 0.2122 Pb
3
P = 12 k y
Problem 5.12-15 A short column constructed of a W 10 30
wide-flange shape is subjected to a resultant compressive load
P 12 k having its line of action at the midpoint of one flange z
(see figure).
(a) Determine the maximum tensile and compressive stresses C
t and c, respectively, in the column.
(b) Locate the neutral axis under this loading condition.
W 10 30
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368 CHAPTER 5 Stresses in Beams
P = 12 k P Pe(h2)
st 1357 psi 1840 psi
A I
e 480 psi
z h = 10.47 in. P Pe(h2)
O sc 1357 psi 1840 psi
A I
N.A. 3200 psi
P = 60 kN
Problem 5.12-16 A short column of wide-flange shape is
subjected to a compressive load that produces a resultant force y
P 60 kN acting at the midpoint of one flange (see figure).
(a) Determine the maximum tensile and compressive P
stresses t and c , respectively, in the column. 8 mm
(b) Locate the neutral axis under this loading condition. z 200
C mm
12 mm
160
mm
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SECTION 5.12 Eccentric Axial Loads 369
C
1 1
P
2 3
c 2
C
1 1
c
P
B e
3
c1
2
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370 CHAPTER 5 Stresses in Beams
y
0.220 in.
P
c1
z C 2.260 in.
c2
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SECTION 5.13 Stress Concentrations 371
Stress Concentrations
Solution 5.13-1
M 2100 lb-in. h 1.5 in. b 0.375 in. (b) BEAM WITH NOTCHES
h 1.5 in.
(a) BEAM WITH A HOLE h1 1.25 in. 1.2
h1 1.25 in.
d 1 6Mh Eq. (5-58):
Eq. (5-57): sC
h 2 b(h3 d 3 ) 6M
snom 2 21,500 psi
50,400 bh 1
(1)
3.375 d 3 max Knom
R R K max
d 1 12Md
Eq. (5-56): sB (in.) h1 (Fig. 5-50) (psi)
h 2 b(h3 d 3 )
0.05 0.04 3.0 65,000
67,200 d
(2) 0.10 0.08 2.3 49,000
3.375 d 3 0.15 0.12 2.1 45,000
0.20 0.16 1.9 41,000
C B
d d Eq.(1) Eq.(2) max Note: The larger the notch radius, the smaller the
(in.) h (psi) (psi) (psi) stress.
0.25 0.1667 15,000 15,000
0.50 0.3333 15,500 15,500
0.75 0.5000 17,100 17,100 17,100
1.00 0.6667 28,300 28,300
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372 CHAPTER 5 Stresses in Beams
Problem 5.13-2 The beams shown in the figure are subjected to bending
moments M 250 N m. Each beam has a rectangular cross section with height
h 44 mm and width b 10 mm (perpendicular to the plane of the figure).
(a) For the beam with a hole at midheight, determine the maximum stresses
for hole diameters d 10, 16, 22, and 28 mm.
(b) For the beam with two identical notches (inside height h1 40 mm),
determine the maximum stresses for notch radii R 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm.
Solution 5.13-2
M 250 N m h 44 mm b 10 mm (b) BEAM WITH NOTCHES
h 44 mm
(a) BEAM WITH A HOLE h1 40 mm 1.1
h1 40 mm
d 1 6Mh 6M
Eq. (5-57): sC Eq. (5-58): snom 2 93.8 MPa
h 2 b(h3 d 3 ) bh 1
max Knom
6.6 106
MPa (1) R R K max
85,180 d 3
(mm) h1 (Fig. 5-50) (MPa)
d 1 12Md
Eq. (5-56): sB 2 0.05 2.6 240
h 2 b(h3 d 3 )
4 0.10 2.1 200
300 10 3d 6 0.15 1.8 170
MPa (2)
85,180 d 3 8 0.20 1.7 160
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SECTION 5.13 Stress Concentrations 373
2 b(100 mm) 2
R 10 mm
0.10 Solve for b:
h1 100 mm bmin 33 mm
From Fig. 5-50: K 2.20
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