AK3751 BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING (Hons)

TEST 1
April 2017

PAPER DESCRIPTION: SOLID MECHANICS 2

PAPER CODE: ENME704
TIME ALLOWED: 1.5 Hours

TOTAL MARKS: 44 marks

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. All answers except diagrams and sketches must be in ink.

2. Correcting fluid is not permitted.

3. Hand held devices other than calculators are not allowed.

NOTES:

1. Candidates should show all working in calculations.

2. A Formulae Sheet and additional pages of useful information are provided at

the end of this paper.
Question 1: (18 marks)

A solid, rectangular post is loaded with three point loads of 10 kN, 500 N and
750 N as shown in figure 1a. All dimensions are also shown in the figure.

x
y Figure 1a

(a) Determine all the internal loads and moments occurring on the cross-
section of the post at a, which is 24 mm from the base, as shown.
Indicate the directions of these loads in a sketch of the cross-section.
Use the co-ordinate system shown.

(b) Determine the normal and shear stresses at position a. Your answer
must be accompanied by a sketch of the stress field as in figure A1b.

x
xy

y a Figure 1b
Question 2: (8 marks)

The state of plane stress shown in figure 2 is

expected to occur in a brittle casting. For
this material, it has been known that the
ultimate tensile stress is 70 MPa and the
ultimate compressive stress is 210 MPa.

Figure 2

A2
(a) Determine the magnitude of the principal stresses

(b) Determine the maximum shear stress and explain whether or not this
stress is in plane.

(c) Using Mohrs Failure Criteria (for brittle material) determine whether or
not rupture of the material will occur.

Question 3: (18 marks)

A simply supported steel beam of length 2.5 m is loaded with a uniformly

distributed load of 16 kN/m, as shown in figure B5.

Properties of the beam are:

E = 200 GPa and I = 20 x 10-6 m4

(a) Using singularity functions develop an

expression for the bending moment
M(x) as a function of position across the
beam (x).
(b) Develop an expression for the shear force V(x) as a function of position
across the beam (x).
(c) Sketch the shear force and bending moment diagrams and label the
values at A, B and C.
(d) Determine an expression for the shape of the loaded beam (the elastic
curve).
(e) Determine the deflection and the slope at point C.
 FORMULAE SHEET

d 4 d 4 bd 3
I J I
64 32 12

P
I I C Ah 2
A L

E E 3k 1 2 E 2G 1

PL x y z
x P 2nT
AE E E E

T G TL M E

r J L JG I y

P My VA y Pr
avg 1
A I It t
L
Pr Iz P2
2 tan tan U dx
2t Iy 0
2 AE

dV dM
V
dx dx

( x y ) ( x y )
x' cos 2 xy sin 2
2 2

( x y ) 2 xy
x' y' sin 2 xy cos 2 tan 2 P
2 x y

max, min
x y y
x
2

xy
2
max
y
x xy
2
2

2 2 2

E
( ) x cos 2 y sin 2 xy sin cos a
1 2 a b

a2 a b b2 Y2 c a b
1

c A
P 2
1 a e k
L

d 2 y M ( x) dy dy Mx
x y x y dx Ax
dx 2 EI dx A dx B EI
 2 EI
Pcr
Le 2
2E
cr
Le r 2

P Le P
ymax e sec 1
ymax e sec - 1

EI 2 2 Pcr
P ec P Le P ec P

max 1 2 sec max 1 sec
A r EI 2 A r 2 2 Pcr
P A Mc I
Interaction method: 1
all centric all bending

Empirical buckling equations for centric load design:

Structural Steel:
For L / r 4.71
E
Y

cr 0.658 Y e
Y

E
For L / r 4.71 cr 0.877 e
Y
2E
where e
L r2
cr
all where FS 1.67
FS

Aluminum alloy 2014-T6:

For L / r 55 all 213 1.577 L / r MPa
382 103 MPa
For L / r 55 all
L / r2
Energy Methods:
x1 1

U P dx total work strain energy u x d x strain energy density

0 0
xy
u xy d xy
0
Within the proportional limit of the P2 L

material: Axial Loading: U dx

0 2 AE
1
E12 12 L M 2
u E x d x
2 2E Bending: U dx
0 2 EI
0

xy2 L T2
u 12 G xy2 12 xy xy Shear Loading: U dx
2G
0 2GJ

Work and Energy Under a Single Load: Castiglianos theorem:

Transverse Load: U U U
xj j j
y1 Pj M j T j
U P dy 12 P1 y1 L
U M M
0 For a beam: x j
Pj
EI Pj
dx
Bending Couple: 0
1 For a truss:
U M d 12 M 11 n
F 2L U n
F L Fi
0 U i i xj i i
i 1 2 Ai E Pj i 1 Ai E Pj
Torsional Couple:
1
U T d 12 T11
0

Kinetic Energy: U m 12 mv02 Potential Energy: U m mgh Wh