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MOCKBARESSAYEXAMS

ON

CIVILLAW

By:AssociateDeanTeresitaCruz

I.SandraandPioloweremarriedonAugust16,2005.Fiveyearsfromthemarriageceremony,Sandrastartedto
feelanobsessiontohavesexwithothermen.PioloconfrontedSandraaboutthiswhenhecaughtSandra
having extramarital affair with other men. Sandra promised to change but never fulfilled these promises.
The obsession to have sexual intimacies with several other men was uncontrollable. Sandra had herself
checkedupbyapsychiatristwhoclinicallyidentifiedthislustfulobsessionasakindofmentaldisorderwith
itsrootcausebeingtherefusalofPiolotohavesexduringthehoneymoon.Thepsychiatristdiagnosedthat
suchmentaldisorderisgraveandpermanent,psychologicallyincapacitatingSandratoperformtheessential
marital obligations. Piolo filed a case to declaration of nullity of marriage due to psychological incapacity
under Article 36 of the Family Code. He testified during the trial and presented the psychiatrist who
examined Sandra together with her psychological evaluation. If you were the judge, will you grant the
declarationofnullityofmarriagepursuanttoArticle36oftheFamilyCodebasedonthegivenfacts?Explain
fully?

II.LandoandMarilynarelegallymarried.WhenLandodisappearedforfouryearswithoutanyknowledgeofhis
whereabouts,MarilynwasabletovalidlyprocureajudicialdeclarationofpresumptivedeathofLandoand
thereafterwasabletovalidlymarryNoelinaccordancewiththelaw.Later,Landoreappearedandexecuted
an affidavit of reappearance which he immediately showed to Marilyn and Noel in their residence in Cebu
City.AwareofLando'sreappearance,NoelsoughtRosario,hisformergirlfriend,andtoldherofthesituation,
rekindledtheirloveaffairandproposedmarriage.NoelandRosario,both30yearsoldandbothProtestants,
obtainedamarriageandlicensefromtheLocalCivilRegistrarofCebuCityandthemarriagewassolemnized
bytheirProtestantministeronJune15,2014.IsthemarriageofNoelandRosariovalid,voidableorvoid?
Explainwell.

III.AllanandAbigail,bothFilipinos,both25yearsold,metinArgentinaonApril9,2010andfellinlovewitheach
other.TheygotmarriedinArgentinaonMay9,2010beforeanotarypublicinaccordancewiththeArgentine
MaritalLaws.Therewasalsonovalidmarriagelicenseissuedpriortothemarriage.Themarriageisvalidin
Argentina.AllanandAbigailwentbacktothePhilippinesandstartedafamily.Arnulfo,fatherofAbigail,
afterlearningoftheirmarriagecontendsthatsuchmarriagehavingbeensolemnizedbyanotarypublicwho
isnotamongthoseauthorizedtosolemnizemarriagesinthePhilippines,isvoid.Theabsenceofthemarriage
licensealsorenderedthemarriagevoid.RuleonArnulfoscontention.Explainwell.

VI.CesarwaslegallymarriedtoDeliaandtheyhavetwochildren,EdgarandFrancia.Duringthesubsistenceof
themarriageofCesarandDelia,thelattercohabitedwithGerry,whohimselfwasmarriedtoHazel.Outof
thecohabitationofDeliaandGerry,IanwasbornonMarch4,2009.OnDecember1,2012,Gerrydiedina
vehicularaccident.Delia,onbehalfofIan,filedasuitforpartitionagainstHazelandherchildrenallegingthat
IanisentitledtoshareintheestateofGerry.GerrysnameasfatherappearsinIansbaptismalcertificate
and school report cards. There were also pictures and videos showing Gerry together with Ian. Hazel
contendsthatthesuitisbarredbythedeathofGerry.
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1.MayIanprovehisfiliationwithGerryandbeentitledtoshareinGerrysestate?

Explainfully.

2.WillyouranswerbethesamehadthefirstmarriageofCesar&Deliabeenterminatedbythedeathof
CesaroneyearpriortothebirthofIan?Explainfully.

V.EdgarwastheusufructuaryofaparceloflandownedbyFred.WiththeconsentofEdgarandbychance,Greg
foundhiddentreasureonthisland.Howwouldthehiddentreasurebedividedbetweentheparties?

VI. Ona500sq.m.lotworthP1MlocatedinMakatiCitywithTCT#1234registeredinthenameofSpouses
Reyes, Spouses Santos built their house worth P900,000.00. Spouses Reyes became aware of the
constructionwhentheyvisitedtheirlandbuttheykeptquietastheydidnotwantanytroubleuntilsuchtime
that the construction was completely finished. State the rights and obligations of Spouses Reyes as
landownersandSpousesSantosasbuildersbasedonthefactsgiven.

VII.1.ElatedthathersisterRosemariewhohadbeenmarriedfortenyearswaspregnantforthefirsttime,
RosaliedonatedaringworthP25,000.00totheunbornchild.Rosemariewasprofuseinthankinghersister
when they talked while shopping for baby clothes at Rustans. Rosemarie gave birth after 7 months of
pregnancybutthebabydied21hoursafterdelivery.

MayRosaliegetbacktheringshedonated?Whyorwhynot?

2.TheDeedofDonationdatedMay3,1965stated:

I, DONOR, XXX devise a lot to DONEE, her heirs, assigns, & successors; this lot is now in the
possessionofDONEEsince1962intheconceptofanowner;ownershipshallbevestedonDONEEupon
mydemise;ifDONEEpredeceasesme,thesaidlotshallnotbyrevertedtoDONORbutshallbeinherited
byDONEEsheirs.

Isthisadonationmortiscausaorintervivos.Explainfully.

VIII.Ernesto,anOFW,wascominghometothePhilippinesafterworkingforseveralyearsinSaudiArabia.Hehad
savedP100,000.00inhissavingsaccountinManila.Onhisflighthome,Ernestohadafatalheartattack.He
leftbehindhiswidowedmother,hiscommonlawwifeandtheirtwinsons.Ernestoleftnowill,nodebtsand
no other relatives and no other properties except the money in his savings account. Who are the heirs
entitledtoinheritfromhimandhowmuchshouldeachreceive?

IX.CaloyandCeliaarelegallymarriedwithArnold,Ben,Cherry,DeliaandErnieaslegitimatechildren.Francia
andGregareCherryslegitimatechildren.ErniehasHector,IreneandJonathanaslegitimatechildren.Ben
died intestate leaving an estate of P240,000.00 with the following as surviving heirs: Arnold, Francia, Greg,
Delia,Hector,Irene,Jonathan,CaloyandCelia.DividetheestateofBenamonghisrelativesexplainingyour
answer.

X.RosalindaexecutedawillonDecember1,2011institutingherhusbandSamuelassoleanduniversalheir(the
spousesbeingchildless)toherestateofP20M.Aprovisioninherwillreads:

IinstitutemyhusbandSamueltomyentireestateofP20Mbut
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heshallnotmarryanymore.Ifurtherorderthatheshallnothave
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childrenwithanywoman,otherwise,thefreeportionshallinsteadpass
tomylegalheirs.

Twoyearsafterthedeathofhiswife,Samuelremarried.RosalindaslegitimatesisterTeresacontends
thatSamuellosesallhisinheritanceofP20Mforhavingviolatedtheconditionimposedbyhisdeceasedwife.
RuleonTeresascontentionexplainingyouranswerfully.

XI.Percivalexecutedawillin2010disinheritinghislegitimatesonReyforthelattersunjustrefusaltosupport
himduringhislifetime.Percivaldiedin2011andduringtheprobateofhiswill,Sammy,thelegitimatesonof
Rey,intervenedclaimingtherighttorepresenthisfatherfromtheinheritanceofhisgrandfather.Can
Sammyrepresenthisdisinheritedfather?

XII.Antonhadtwo(2)legitimatechildren,BasilioandCarlos.Carloshadtwo(2)legitimatedaughters,Donnaand
Erica.Carlosdiedin2011andEricarepudiatedherinheritancefromherfather.Intheyear2012,Anton
died.CanEricainheritfromAnton?

XIII.DinaownedavaluablepaintingworthP1.5Mwhichwasstolenfromherhouseduringarobberywhichwas
dulyreportedtothepoliceauthorities.Ayearlater,duringapartyinDonnashouse,Dinasawthepainting
hanginginDonnaslivingroom.Uponinquiry,Donnasaidsheboughtthepaintinginagalleryauctionatthe
LuzGallery.ThepaintingwaspositivelyidentifiedastheonestolenfromDinashouse.Dinademandedthe
return of her property but Donna refused to do so. Who has a better right to the said painting, Dina or
Donna?Explainwellyouranswer.

XIV.RomyistheownerofahouseandlotenclosedbytheestatesownedbySonny,TommyandVahl.Romyhas
noaccesstothepublichighway,hencehedemandedarightofwaythroughthepropertyofTommywhichis
the shortest way to the public highway. Tommy refused and contended that the right of way should be
constitutedonthepropertyofVahl.ItwasproventhatconstitutingtheeasementofrightofwayonVahls
propertyisnottheshortestwaytothepublichighwayalthoughitisleastprejudicialtotheservientestate.

1.Whataretherequisitesfortheestablishmentofacompulsoryeasementofrightofway?

2.Overwhosepropertyshouldthelegaleasementofrightofwaybeconstituted?Explainwell.

XV.RollieinstitutedhisfriendRomyasheirtoaparceloflandinCaviteCity.RollieprovidedinhiswillthatRomy
shallbeobligedtopreserveandtransmitthesaidparceloflandtoRomysbrotherRodyuponRomysdeath.
Rollie died in 2000. Rody died in 2001. Romy died in 2003. Upon Romys death, the claimants to the
propertyarethechildrenofRomyandRey,theonlysonofRody.Ifyouwerethejudge,towhomwillyou
adjudicatetheproperty?Explainwell.

XVI.Anton,single,withoutanyascendantordescendant,butwithlegitimatebrothersArnoldandAbel,executeda
notarialwillonJanuary2,2010,complyingwiththeformalitiesoflaw.Heinstitutedassoleheirtohisestate
ofP10MhisgirlfriendAnnabel.OnDecember2,2010,AntonandAnnabelpartedways.Antoninstitutedas
soleheirinhisholographicwillhisbestfriendArchie.Antons3otherfriendsAbet,ArceliandAbigailknew
the contents of the holographic will which they read and reread the day it was executed by Anton. On
March9,2012,whilecleaninghisdrawer,Anton,withoutintentiontorevoke,inadvertentlyburnedtheonly
copyofhisholographicwill.OnJune1,2013,Antondied.WhowillinheritAntonsestate?Explainwell.
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XVII.Alberthasthreesons,Bernie,CarlosandDennis.AlbertmadeawillinstitutingasheirsBernie,Carlosand
Albertsbestfriend,Efren,withoutdesignationofshares.IfAlbertsestateisP12Mwhenhedied,how
shouldtheestatebedistributedtotheheirs?Explainwell

XVIII.Cecilia,executedaholographicwillonJan.1,2010containingseveraldispositions.Inonedisposition,Cecilia
gaveP100,000.00eachtohersistersDigna&Emiliaaslegacies.OnFeb.14,2011,DeciliacrossedoutEmilias
nameinherdisposition.OnMay9,2013,Ceciliadied.WhatistheeffectoftheabsenceofCecilias
signatureonthealterationinherwill.

XIX.Rosalie,theillegitimatedaughterofReynaldoandRosemarie,diedintestate,withoutanyascendantor
descendant.HerestateworthP2MisbeingclaimedbyRosario,thelegitimatedaughterofherfather
ReynaldoandRodrigo,thelegitimatesonofhermotherRosemarie.WhoshallinheritRosaliesestate?
Explainwell?

XX.CarlosborrowedP1.2MfromCarmelo.Heexecutedamortgagecontractoverhisparceloflandassecurityfor
theloan.ItwasexpresslyagreedbythepartiesthatuponfailureofCarlostopaythedebtwith12%interest
withinone(1)year,themortgagedlandwouldrightfullybelongtoCarmelo.Carlosfailedtopaywithinthe
agreed period, hence, Carmelo contends he now becomes the owner of the land. Is Carmelo correct in his
contention?Why?

XXI.DannyobtainedaP500,000.00loanfromDiegopayableonDecember31,2005,withDennisasguarantor.On
duedate,Dannyfailedtopayhisdebt.OnJanuary5,2006,DiegodemandedpaymentfromDennis.Ifyou
wereDennis,whatdefensewouldyouinterposetoavoidliability?Explainfullywhathemustdotointerpose
thisdefense.

XXII.CarmeloandDaniloenteredintoaContractofLeaseoveraparcellandwithabuildingownedbyCarmelofor
usebyDaniloasamovietheaterforatermof10years.TheContractofLeasecontainedthestipulationthat
ifduringthe10yearperiod,ifthelessorshoulddecidetoselltheleasedpremises,thelesseeshallbegiven
30daysexclusiveoptiontopurchasethesame.Intheeventtheleasedpremisesissoldtosomeoneother
thanthelessee,thelessorisboundtostipulateintheDeedofSalethatthepurchasershallrecognizethis
lease and be bound by all terms & conditions thereof. Carmelo decided to sell the leased real property,
hence,Danilowasnotifiedoftheoffer.Danilorepliedtotheformerthathewasexercisingtheoptiontobuy.
Two(2)weekslater,CarmelosoldtheleasedpropertytoEmil.AfterlearningofthesaletoEmil,Danilofileda
complaintforspecificperformanceandrescissionoftheContractofSalebetweenCarmeloandEmil.Canthe
ContractofSaleberescinded?Whyorwhynot?Explainfully.(5%)

XXIII.AraceliandAgatonenteredintoacontractofloanofP100,000.00onJanuary1,2012securedbyapromissory
notewherebyAgatonobligatedhimselftopayonorbeforeDecember31,2013.OnJune1,2013,Agaton
wrotetoAracelistatingthatArmandoshalltakecareofhisdebttoAraceli.AracelididnotreplytoAgatons
letter.ArmandodidnotpayAraceli.OnJanuary5,2014,AracelisuedAgatonforthepaymentoftheloan.
Agatoncontendsthatheisnolongerliableastherewasnovationbysubstitutingthepersonofthedebtor
bydelegacion.RuleonAgatonscontentionexplainingfullyyouranswer.

XXIV.OnOctober1,2013,JoeywrotetoMarioandcommunicatedtothelatterthatheissellinghishouseandlot
forthetotalpurchasepriceofP2M.JoeygaveMariotheoptiontobuythesaidrealpropertyuntilOctober
31,2013.MarioacceptedtheofferwiththeagreementthatifMariowillnotbeabletoexercisetheoption,
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MarioshallallowJoeyandhisrelativestostayandusehis(Marios)condounitinBaguioCityforthewhole
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monthofDecember2013.OnOctober15,2013,JoeyinformedMariothathewaswithdrawinghisofferto
himandhewassellinghishouseandlottoOscarconsideringthatMariodidnotgiveaconsiderationdistinct
fromtheprice.RuleonJoeyscontention.

XXV.AntoniowastheacknowledgednaturalchildofGregorio.AntoniowasmarriedtoBelindawhopredeceased
herhusband.AntonioandBelindahadlegitimatechildrenHazelandCarmelowhowasmarriedtoDonita.
CarmeloandDonitahaveadaughter,Evelyn.CarmelodiedonNov.1,2007oflungcancer.OnFeb.14,2008,
Antoniodiedandinhiswill,hedevisedaparceloflandtoEvelyn.OnDec.25,2009,Evelyndiedinaplane
crash,singleandwithoutissueandtheparceloflandwasinheritedbyhermotherDonitaintestate.OnJune
1,2010,Donitadiedwithoutawillwiththefollowingassurvivingrelatives:Francia,Donitassister;Gregorio,
fatherofAntonioandHazel;sisterofCarmelo.Whoshouldvalidlyinheritthisparcelofland?

I.Answerbrieflybutcompletelyandwithlegalbasis:
1.ArnoldandBelindaweremarriedonJune1,2005.Theyhave2children,AbigailandBenjie.Their
marriagewasjudiciallydeclarednullandvoidonFebruary14,2009duetotheabsenceofavalid
marriage license. There was no liquidation of their assets acquired during their marriage. Arnold
subsequentlymarriedCarinaonJune1,2012complyingwithalltheessentialandformalrequisites
providedforbytheFamilyCode.

a.IsthemarriageofArnoldandCarinavalid,voidableorvoid?Explainwell.(2.5%)

b.Whatisthepropertyregimegoverningtheirmarriage?Why?(2.5%)

2. Anton was legally married to Bella and they have two children, Cherry and Danny . During the
subsistence of the marriage of Anton and Bella, the latter cohabited with Fred, who himself was
marriedtoGretchen.FromthecohabitationofBellaandFred,HectorwasbornonMarch4,2009.
OnDecember1,2012,Freddiedinavehicularaccident.Bella,onbehalfofHector,intervenedinthe
settlementofFredsestateallegingthatHectorisentitledtoinheritfromFredashisillegitimateson.
To prove Hectors filiation to Fred, Bella presented Hectors baptismal certificate and school report
cards where Fred was indicated as Hectors father. She also presented pictures showing Fred and
Hectortogetheronseveraloccasions.Ontheotherhand,GretchencontendsthatHectorsactionis
alreadybarredbyFredsdeath.

a.MayHectorprovehisfiliationwithFredandbeentitledtoshareinFredsestate(2.5%)

b.WillyouranswerbethesamehadthefirstmarriageofAntonandBellahadbeenterminated
bythedeathofAntononeyearpriortothebirthofHector?Explainwell.(2.5%)

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3.Ona500sq.m.lotworthP1MlocatedinMakatiCitywithTCT#1234registeredinthenamesof
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Spouses Reyes, Spouses Santos built their house worth P900,000.00. Spouses Reyes became
awareoftheconstructionwhentheyvisitedtheirlandbuttheykeptquietastheydidnotwantany
troubleuntilsuchtimethattheconstructioniscompletelyfinished.Statetherightsandobligationsof
SpousesReyes(2.5%)andSpousesSantos(2.5%)basedonthefactsgiven.

4.EdgarwastheusufructuaryofaparceloflandownedbyFred.WiththeconsentofEdgarandby
chance,Gregfoundhiddentreasureonthisland.Howwouldthehiddentreasurebedividedbetween
theparties?(5%)

5.CorazonReyesandCarlosSantosweremarriedonDec.1,2007.Sincethattime,Corazonhas
been using the name Corazon Santos in all her employment records and other official documents.
OnFeb.2,2008,uponpetitionofCorazon,duetoconcealmentofhabitualalcoholismexistingatthe
time of their marriage, a decree of annulment was granted by the Family Court of Manila.
Subsequently,Corazonfiledwiththesamecourtamotiontoresumeusinghermaidensurnameof
ReyesandthatshebegrantedsupportbyCarlos.

a.Ifyouwerethejudge,wouldyougrantthemotionofCorazontoresumeusinghermaiden
surname?(2.5%)

b.ShouldCorazonbegrantedsupportbyherhusband?(2.5%)

6.AntonandBelindaarehusbandandwife.TheyhaveanonlysonCarlos.Belindahasadaughter,
Donita,byapreviousmarriagewhichwasdeclaredvoidbythepropercourt.Anton,awidoweratthe
timehemarriedBelinda,hasason,Elmer,withhisfirstwife.DonitaandElmerwhohadneverbeen
introducedtoeachotherbyAntonandBelinda,metatapartyandeventuallyfellinlovewitheach
other. Donita and Elmer, both 25 years of age, eloped and complying with all the essential and
formalrequisitesofmarriage,gotmarriedbeforeJudgeFrancooftheRTCofManila.

a.WhatisthenatureofthemarriageofDonita&Elmer?Explainwell.(2.5%)

b. Suppose it was Carlos whom Donita married. What is the nature of the marriage between
CarlosandDonita.Explainfully.(2.5%).

7.PeterandRaquel,both16yearsold,weresoinlovewitheachotherthattheyhadpremaritalsex
resultingtoRaquelspregnancy.RaquelgavebirthtoOscarwhenshewasonly17yearsold.Peter
andRaquelmarriedeachotheronJune1,2010whentheywereboth18yearsold.MayOscarbe
legitimatedduetothemarriageofhisparents,Peter&Raquel?(5%)
8. Jennifer was born in 1981 and was registered as female in her birth certificate. She was later
diagnosedtobeafflictedwithcongenitaladrenalhyperplasia(CAH),arareconditionwhereaperson
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possesses both male and female characteristics. Tests revealed that her ovarian structures had
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minimized,shehasclitoralhyperthropy,shestoppedgrowingandshehasnobreastsormenstrual
development. She has practically become a male person. She filed a petition before the RTC of
Siniloan, Laguna that her name in her birth certificate be changed from Jennifer to Jeff and her
gender from female to male. If you were the judge hearing this case, will you grant or deny her
petition?(5%)
9.Anton, Bernie and Caloy are brothers. They purchased from their parents specific portions of a
parcel of land as evidenced by 3 separate deeds of sale, each deed referring to a particular lot in
metesandbounds.Whenthedeedswerepresentedforregistration,theRegisterofDeedsofPasay
Citycouldnotissueseparatecertificatesoftitleduetotheabsenceofasubdivisionplan,hence,only
1titlewasissuedinthenamesofthethreebrothers.Anton,Bernie,andCaloyeachreceivethefruits
exclusivelyfromthelotactuallypurchasedbyeachofthem.Later,AntonsoldhislottoDencio,with
verbalnoticetohisbrothers.ToenableDenciotosecureanewtitleinhisname,theDeedofSale
wasmadetorefertoanundividedinterestinthepropertyofAnton,withthemetesandboundsofthe
lot being stated. Bernie and Caloy reacted violently to the sale executed by Anton signifying their
exerciseoftherightoflegalredemptionascoownersofthelot.CanBernieandCaloystilllegally
redeemthelotsoldbyAntontoDencio?(5%)

10.DinaownedavaluablepaintingworthP1.5Mwhichwasstolenfromherhouseduringarobbery
whichwasdulyreportedtothepoliceauthorities.Ayearlater,duringapartyatEricashouse.Dina
sawthepaintinghanginginEricaslivingroom.Uponinquiry,Ericasaidsheboughtthepaintingina
gallery auction sale at the Luz Gallery for P1M. The painting was positively identified as the one
stolenfromDinashouse.CanDinarecoverthispaintingfromErica?(5%)
11.ElatedthathersisterRosemariewhohadbeenmarriedfortenyearswaspregnantforthefirst
time, Rosalie donated a ring worth P25,000.00 to the unborn child. Rosemarie was profuse in
thanking her sister when they talked while shopping for baby clothes at Rustans. Rosemarie gave
birthafter7monthsofpregnancybutthebabydied21hoursafterdelivery.MayRosaliegetbackthe
ringshedonated?Whyorwhynot?(5%)

12.Benignowhowasterminallyill,signedthewillwithBonnie,the1 witness,athisbedside.Benjie,
st

the2 witness,wasinthefarsideoftheroomfullyengrossedandconcentratedinthecrossword
nd

puzzle he was doing. Bobot, the 3 witness, was in the other side of the room near the window,
rd

playing scrabble with the grandchildren of Benigno. Benigno died on January 2, 2013. It was
contended that the will was not signed in the presence of the witnesses, hence void. Rule on this
contention.(5%)
13. Anton had two (2) legitimate children, Basilio and Carlos. Carlos had two (2) legitimate
daughters, Donna and Erica. Carlos died in 2011 and Erica repudiated her inheritance from her
fatherCarlos.Intheyear2012,Antondied.CanEricainheritfromAnton?(5%)

14.Perlita executed a notarial will on Aug. 16, 2004, complying with all the formalities required by
law.OnMay9,2006whenshewasalready92yearsold,tooweakbecauseofherterminalcancer
eventorisefromherbed,withintentiontorevoke,sheaskedherhousemaidPoncianatogetherwill
andburnit.PoncianagotthewillfromthedrawernearPerlitasbed,wenttothekitchen,burnedthe
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will and showed the ashes of the burned will to Perlita. Was there a valid revocation of the will by
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burning?Explainwell.(5%)
15.AbigailborrowedP25,000.00fromBetsy&deliveredherwatchtothelatteraspledgetosecure
thepaymentofherdebt.

a. What is the presumption under the law if the watch is later found in the possession of
Abigail?Explainwell.(2.5%)

b.IsAbigailsobligationtopaytheP25,000.00loanalreadyextinguished?Why?(2.5%)

16.Rolly and Oscar entered into a pacto de retro sale of Oscars house and lot worth P10M. The
priceagreeduponbythepartiesisonlyP100,000.00.Isthiscontractvalid,voidableorvoid?Explain
well.(5%)
17.On Sept. 1, 2007, Romy was interested to buy a specific Honda Civic 2005 model car from a
secondhandcarshopinMakati.Sonny,theshopmanagertoldhimthatthepriceofthesaidcarwas
P300,000.00.RomyacceptedtheofferbuttoldSonnytogivehimone(1)weektoraisetheamount.
There and then, Romy gave an initial amount of P10,000.00 promising to come back on Sept. 7,
2012tocompletethepayment.RomyreturnedtotheshoponSept.8,2012butSonnytoldhimthat
thecarhasalreadybeenofferedandsoldtoTonyforP500,000.Sonnycontendedthatevenwiththe
moneygivenbyRomy,theofferisgoodonlyuntilSept.7,2012consideringthattheiragreementis
only good for one (1) week. He further contended that after Sept. 7, 2012, the offer can now be
withdrawnandthecarcanbesoldtoanotherpersonandtheP10,000.00optionmoneyforfeitedin
hisfavor.DoyouagreewithSonnyscontention?Explainwell.(5%)

18. Arnold, Boyet and Caloy borrowed P120,000.00 from Dennis. This debt is evidenced by a
promissory note (PN) wherein the three bound themselves to pay the debt jointly and severally.
AccordingtothePN,ArnoldcanbecompelledtopayonJune15,2012Boyetcanbecompelledto
payonJanuary15,2013whileCaloycanbecompelledtopayonJune15,2014.OnFebruary15,
2014, Dennis made a demand upon Caloy to pay the entire indebtedness but the latter refused to
pay contending that his share is not yet due and demandable. Subsequently, because of Caloys
refusaltopaythedebt,Dennisbroughtanactionagainsthimforthecollectionofthefullamountof
theobligation.WilltheactionofDennisprosper?Explainfully(5%)
19.ArnoldappointedAntonashisagenttomanagehisprawnbusinessinDumagueteCity.Anton,
whoisbasedinManilawantstoappointArmanashissubstitute.

a.CanAntonvalidlyappointArmanashissubstitute?Whyorwhynot?(1%)

b.AstoAnton,whatistheeffectofhisappointmentofArmanashissubstitute?Explainwell.
(1.5%)
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c.Givethemodesofextinguishingagency.(2.5%)

20.Bert,BartandBongagreedtoformapartnershiptobeengagedinthesaleofappliancesand
furniture. Bert agreed to contribute P1M Bart agreed to contribute a parcel of land with a building
wherethebusinessshallbeconductedandBongagreedtocontributehisindustry.

a.WhatformalitiesmustbecompliedwithbyBert,BartandBonginordertoconstitutealegal
andvalidpartnership?(2.5%)

b.Underthelaw,whataretherestrictionsimposedonBertandBartascapitalistpartnersand
onBongasindustrialpartner?

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