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TYC 07
Synchronous Machines
Author: BNSS Shankar, M.Tech (IITK), MIE

Special Note:
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, digital, recording or
otherwise, without the written permission of the author.
If you find any mistakes, please write me an email. If I satisfy with your explanation, I
will update the document. Key will be available in this blog on 30/06/2016.
The following test will carry 30 marks and you can complete in one hour. You can also
use scientific calculator.

One Mark questions

01.
A 3- phase alternator is on open circuit with the field winding carrying a dc current If and the
rotor running at synchronous speed. If the field current is now changed to ac with a maximum
value of If and a frequency equal to the machine frequency, the core losses
(A) increases (B) decreases (C) remain constant (D) become zero
02.
A salient pole synchronous generator with damper winding is supplying power to an infinite bus.
It the field circuit is open circuited accidentally what is the operation of machine
(A) reluctance generator (B) induction generator
(C) either (A) or (B) (D) synchronous motor.
03.
The construction of synchronous motor and synchronous condenser are different in aspects of
(A) copper (B) cross section of field poles (C) shaft (D) all the above
04.
If the governor speed characteristics of two machines operated in parallel are not same, then the
load shared by the machines is in accordance with the relative load values at running speed. The
synchronous machines must run at
(A) different speeds (B) identical speeds
(C) any of the above (D) none of the above
05.
Synchronous impedance method is theoretically accurate for machines with distributed windings
when saturation is not considered. Then the machine is/are

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(A) salient pole (B) non salient pole

(C) both (A) & (B) (D) none
06.
If excitation of synchronous motor is gradually increased when it is operating in lagging pf. Then
effect of change in excitation on power factor is
(A) pf will come to unity & then becomes lagging again.
(B) pf will come to unity and stays there.
(C) pf will not change.
(D) pf will come to unity & then becomes leading
07.
The synchronous motor is not self starting due to
(A) torque variation is sinusoidal (B) torque variation is co sinusoidal
(C) average torque is zero (D) all of the above
08.
Match ListI with ListII and select the correct answer by using the codes given below lists
List I (windings) List II (Associated terms)
A. closed windings 1. Dummy coils
B. open windings 2. fractional slot winding
3. mush winding
4. split coils
5. phase spread 180
6. parallel paths.
Codes:
A B
(A) 1, 4, 6 2, 3, 5, 6
(B) 1, 4, 5 2, 3, 6
(C) 1, 4 2, 3, 5, 6
(D) 1, 4, 5, 6 2, 3, 6
09.
For a synchronous machine if saturation is neglected, the voltage regulation using synchronous

impedance method is 25%. The value of voltage regulation by using mmf method is

(A) < 25% (B) > 25% (C) 25% (D)Any of the above

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10.
Consider the statements:

1. In a cylindrical-rotor alternator, maximum reactive power output is

3V
(E V )
Xs
2. Under the conditions of maximum active power output, in a round-rotor alternator, the
3V 2
reactive power output is
Xs
3. Under the conditions of maximum load on a cylindrical-rotor synchronous motor, the
3V 2
reactive power input to the motor is
Xs
4. Under the conditions of maximum active power output, in a round-rotor alternator, the
3V 2
reactive power output is
Xs
From these, the correct answer is
(A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 2 and 3 (C) 1, 3 and 4 (D) 1 and 2

Two Mark questions

11.
Two synchronous generator are running in parallel shown in figure below. The two generator
have emf of 1000 V per ph. with a phase displacement of 10 lag(electrical). The synchronizing
power of the machine

I1 0.1 0.2 2

2.0 j 3.2 j 1

E1 = 10000 E 2 = 1000 10 0
f f

(A) 34 kW (B) 23 kW (C) 43 kW (D) 32 kW

12.
In question (11) the synchronizing power received by machine 2 is ______. (in kW)

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13.

Pm C A
E C

Psh A B E
D
max
B

0 max t

1. BCED < OAB 2. BCED > OAB 3. BCED = OAB

choose the correct option in view of stability of synchronous machine equal area criterion
1 2 3 1 2 3
(A) B A C (B) C A B
(C) A B C (D) A C B

14.
A 3, Y connected 45 kVA, 220 V, 118 A, 1200 rpm, 50Hz salient pole synchronous machine
potier triangle is shown below. a

The value of ab = 50
The value of potier reactance is _______. b c

15.
R R
Supply Alternator

phase La phase

Sequence Sequence
B Y
RBY & RYB &
Lb
Frequency Frequency
Y B
f1 Hz f2 Hz

Lc

The lamps (La, Lb & Lc) connection is shown in figure. The sequence of brightness and darkness
for frequency f2 < f1 are
(A) La Lb Lc & La Lb Lc (B) La Lc Lb & La Lb Lc
(C) La Lb Lc & La Lc Lb (D) Lc Lb La & Lc Lb La

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16.
A 3- Y connected turbo alternator feeds power to 11 kV infinite bus, through parallel
transmission line each having a reactance of 4 and the generator synchronous reactance is 2 .
The mechanical input to the alternator and its excitation are adjusted so that the operating power
factor at alternator terminals is unity and rated current of 500 A is delivered. The reactive power
(in kVAr) delivered to the infinite bus is ______.
17.
Three alternators, operating in parallel at a bus frequency of 50 Hz, share a load of 150 MW as
follows.

Alternator 1 : 50 MW, Alternator 2 : 40 MW , Alternator 3 : 60 MW

Each alternator is rated at 80 MW. Their governors setting are so adjusted as
to give the fallowing fall in frequency from no load to full load.
Alternator 1 : 1 Hz , Alternator 2 : 2 Hz , Alternator 3 : 0.5 Hz
The no load frequencies of Alternator 1, 2 & 3 respectively are
(A) 50.625, 50.45, 51 (B) 50.45, 50.625, 51
(C) 50.625, 51, 50.45 (D) 51, 50.45, 50.625
18.
The excitation of a 415 V, 3 phase mesh connected synchronous motor is such that the induced
emf is 520 V. The impedance per phase (0.5 + j4) . If the friction and iron losses are constant
at 1000 W, the maximum power input to the motor is _______ kW
19.
Sinusoidal distributed balanced 3-phase winding shown in figure is supplied with balanced
3 phase currents
B

iB

A
iC iA

5
iA = Im sin(t + ), iB = Im sin(t ), iC = Im sin(t + )
6 2 6

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The rotating mmf would be directed along the axis of phase B when t equals to

(A) (B) (C) (D)
3 6 3
20.
A 75-MVA, 13.8kV, 3-phase, eight-pole, 60Hz salient pole synchronous machine has the
following d-axis and q-axis reactance: Xd = 1.0 p.u. and Xq = 0.6 p.u. The synchronous generator
is delivering rated MVA at rated voltage and 0.866 power factor lagging. Choose a power base
of 75 MVA and voltage base of 13.8 kV. If the machine is connected to 3-phase system having
1.0 p.u. voltage, the maximum power (in p.u) that generator can deliver _______.

Start where you are, Use what you have. Do what you can

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TYC 07: Prepared by BNSS Shankar, M.Tech (IITK), MIE