Professional Documents
Culture Documents
HVAC System
Performance Testing
Wes Davis
Manager, Technical Services
ACCA
Lansdowne, VA
1 24 March 2009
Presentation Outline
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
The Air Conditioning Contractors
of America (ACCA)
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Antecedents
National Warm Air Heating and Air Conditioning Assn.
(1914)
Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Contractors of
America (1946)
National Environmental Systems Contractors Assn.
(1968)
Air Conditioning Contractors of America (1969)
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Mission Statement
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Approach
Contractor Support
Consumer Assistance
Government Relations
Industry Relations
Technical Expertise
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Capacity
Everything should be
as simple as it is,
but not simpler.
Albert Einstein
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Capacity
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Capacity
Was the target hit?
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measurements taken
at the unit
Verify installation
Examines the
efficiency rating
SBtuh = CFM x T x 1.08
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Capacity
Sowhat is the difference? (Part 1)
vs.
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Capacity
Sowhat is the difference? (Part duex)
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Heating or Cooling
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Methods
External Static Pressure
(OEM Blower Tables)
Duct Traverse
TrueFlow Grid
Pressure matching
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
External Static Pressure
(OEM Blower Tables)
Measure ESP with static pressure probe
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Supply = + 0.44
(+) 0.44
+ (-) 0.10
Return = -0.10 0.54
Instructors Workshop
http://www.achrnews.com/Articles/Technical/0b6a048703c5a010VgnVCM100000f932a8c0____
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
External Static Pressure (OEM Blower Tables)
Equipment Model Blower Speed ESP = 0.54 1,077 CFM
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Used on gas, oil or electric
furnaces only.
103
68
Compare measured value to the OEMs published
acceptable range of temperature rises.
F If the reading is higher than the acceptable
I
FURNACE
range, then increase the blower speed.
L
T
If the reading is below the acceptable range, then
E decrease the blower speed.
R
Measuring Airflow
Temperature Rise (heating only)
RAT SAT = 110F
SAT
CFM = SBtu/h / [ (SAT-RAT) x 1.08]
SBtu/h: Electric resistance heat = V x A x 3.413
Measuring Airflow
Temperature Rise (heating only)
RAT
SAT
CFM = SBtu/h / [ (SAT-RAT) x 1.08]
Fossil Fuel:
SBtu/h = Input Capcity (Fuel use {timed} x Heat Content) x Efficiency
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Considerations:
Clock the gas meter
Pilot lights other than the unit that you
are checking (allow about 1000 Btuh
each).
Measuring Airflow
Measuring Airflow
SAT = 110F
Measuring Airflow
Duct Traverse
Airs Velocity Pressure
converted to Velocity
Velocity x Area = CFM
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Duct Traverse
Airs Velocity Pressure converted to Velocity
V = VP x 4005
Velocity x Area = CFM
V = VP x 4005
VP 1 = 0.071
VP 2 = 0.075
VP 18 = 0.063
0.072 0.072 = 0.269 x 4005 = 1,077
CFM = V x A
CFM = 1,077 x (12 x12) = 1,077 CFM
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
TrueFlow Grid
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Pressure matching
Energize blower assembly
Measure ESP in supply plenum
De-energize blower assmbely,
but leave ESP probe in place
Connect calibrated fan
Block return
Re-energize blower assembly
Adjust fan until ESP matches
original
Record CFM correlating to
fan speed Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Pressure matching
1,077
0.25
0.35
0.45
Energize blower assembly
Measure ESP in supply plenum A B
Measuring T (TD)
Temperature Rise (heating only)
RAT
SAT = 110F
SAT
SAT - RAT = T
110F - 75 F = 35 F
RAT = 75F
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
Measuring Airflow
Methods
External Static Pressure
(OEM Blower Tables)
Temperature Rise (heating only)
Duct Traverse
TrueFlow Grid
Pressure matching
Vane anemometer
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
EAT = 75F
EARh = 50%
EAWB = 63F
57F 28.3h
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Background and Overview
0.75 x 60 = 4.5
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Challenges and Issues
Airflow
Measuring Airflow
ESP:
Blower must be clean/like new
condition to use blower
performance tables
Follow OEM procedures (with
filter or with out filter, dry coil or
wet coil, etc.)
Temp Rise (Heating): 120
Line of sight 70
Steady state
Heat content of the fuel F
I
1000 Btuh/ft3 for NG L FURN
T ACE
91,500 Btu/Gal LP E
R
140,000 Btu/Gal #2 FO
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Challenges and Issues
Airflow
Measuring Airflow
Traverse:
Straight lengths of duct
(affects TrueFlow grid in a
similar manner)
Probe locations and holding
the probe (watch those hoses)
If using a hot-wire probe, then
unable to determine if
measurements are positive or
negative
T and h
Air density at elevation
Use correct Psych chart
5,000
Sea Level
Where/How to take
temperature/ enthalpy
measurements
Equipment configurations
Differences within the
plenum, wait for steady state
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Challenges and Issues
Constants (1.08)
Standard air: temperature and density
70F
Dry air
Atmospheric pressure (14.7 psi)
Constants
Altitude correction factor
SBtu/h = CFM x T x 1.10 x ACF
SBtu/h = 1,077 x 22F x 1.10 x 0.84 = 25,590
21,893
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Challenges and Issues
Factors Affecting Capacity Measurement
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
What Your Students Need to Know
Background Science
Familiar with
Air density (altitude)
Moisture content
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
What Your Students Need to Know
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
What Your Students Need to Know
ACCA 5 QI
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
What Your Students Need to Know
ACCA 5 QI
Design/Selection Duct Distribution Aspects
Load Calc Duct Leakage
Equip Capacity Selection Airflow Balance
Matched Systems (AHRI)
ACCA 5 QI
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Summary
Everything should be
as simple as it is,
but not simpler.
Albert Einstein
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009
Instructors Workshop
24 March 2009