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FACULTAD DE INGENIERA Y ARQUITECTURA

DETERMINACIN DEL CENTRO DE PRESIONES

Course: MECANICA DE FLUIDOS

Professor:

INGOL BLANCO, EUSEBIO MERCEDES

INTEGRANTE

Bellido Dolores, Luis ngel u1111166

Lima Per
2014
INTRODUCTION

In the field of civil engineering is required to know the different forces that interact. This report is
about pressure laboratory testing on surfaces partially submerged. Theme of great importance in the
hydraulics because it allows us to know what are the forces that will act on the walls surrounding the
fluid, such as a dam, and its distribution in all these walls.
OBJECTIVES
Determine experiences the hydrostatic force envelope a partially submerged surface.

Determine the position of the center of pressure on a surface, perpendicular to the surface
of the fluid, partially submerged in a fluid at rest.

EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE
1) Level the bowl. Locate the sliding mass with an initial length do = 1 cm the ruler horizon
duck; observe the perfect horizontality attached bubble level for having one, and level using
against the weight.
2) Opening inflow of water to fill the container, while the key must be completely closed.
3) As the water level fence climbing slowly close the water valve.
4) Reading the (tangent to the curved surface) water, making use of the ruler. Care must be
taken when measuring, avoid Parallax errors.
5) Then continue with filling the container. Was noted that the curved surface began to get up,
but avoid this will slide the sliding weight in order to balance the push of water.
6) To obtain the values of displacement of the sliding weight corresponding to the different
heights of water experienced is considered convenient to start with the higher mode that will
fill up the container until the maximum water height.
7) Run the sliding weight to an exact distance d; open the drain cock to get the horizontal
surface of the quadrant this fully horizontal.
8) Read the height of water.
9) Repeat steps 7 and 8 until sufficient measurements desired, for d and h.

PRESENTATION OF THE RESULTS


1. Deduce the expressions to calculate the horizontal component, Fh, and vertical Fv, the
hydrostatic force which holds the water on the surface of curve based on the outer radius R,
the width B and H. water load.
X

R R-H
2 + ( )2 = 2

= (2 )

Calculating Fv
=
= (2 )

Calculating Fh

=
=

= ( )( )
2

2. Deduce the theoretical expressions to find the location of the center of pressure Xcp e Ycp
(function

= () = ()


= =
(2 )
( )( )
2

3. Calculate values for Fh and Fv for each value of H using expressions deduced in 1.

H (m) Fv (N) Fh (N)


0.112 26.33963452 7.0757568
0.096 21.32869971 5.1985152
0.0855 18.15842963 4.123529269
0.0745 14.96411507 3.130757269
0.061 11.26143826 2.098923075
0.048 7.976234638 1.2996288
0.0335 4.72454383 0.633033169
0.022 2.545158406 0.2730123
0.0015 0.046273923 0.001269169
4. Calculate the corresponding values of Xcp and Ycp using expressions (a) and (b).

H D Xcp Ycp
0.112 0.112 0.02523649 0.09394331
0.096 0.083 0.02309588 0.09475879
0.0855 0.0665 0.02173522 0.09571352
0.0745 0.05 0.01983078 0.09478537
0.061 0.0335 0.01765516 0.09472596
0.048 0.0215 0.01599784 0.0981838
0.0335 0.0085 0.01067775 0.07969172
0.022 0.003 0.00699564 0.06521684
0.0015 0 0 0

5. Plot: Xcp vs H e Ycp vs H (points)

Xcp
0.03

0.025

0.02

0.015
Xcp
0.01

0.005

0
0.112 0.096 0.0855 0.0745 0.061 0.048 0.0335 0.022 0.0015

Ycp
0.12
0.1
0.08
0.06
Ycp
0.04
0.02
0
0.112 0.096 0.0855 0.0745 0.061 0.048 0.0335 0.022 0.0015
6. Overlap the theoretical expression deduced in 2 (line straight or curve as appropriate).

0.14

0.12

0.1

0.08
Ycp
0.06 Xcp
0.04

0.02

0
0.112 0.096 0.0855 0.0745 0.061 0.048 0.0335 0.022 0.0015

QUESTIONNAIRE
1. Comment the retrieved setting in the experimental results with the theoreticians in the requested
graphics Xcp vs H e Ycp vs H.

As the height of water decreases, the coordinates of the center of pressure vary, descend to
the coordinate (0, 0) since at this point it does not already Act water and distance D is 0.

2. Are there any absurd points that should be eliminated?

If there are absurd points are those points will not in descending line of the other points,
since the other points vary in descending order.

3. What sources of error could be affecting their measurements and results?

Possible errors that could affect the measurements and the results would be mistakes
personal, for example when taking note of measures both the height of the water and the
distance to the sliding mass; errors encountered in the environment, like e.g. temperature
and vibrations.

4. Make the last measurement, again for d = do = 10cm, achievement measure again the same value
of h = ho? What if or why not?

No, this is perhaps due to errors of appreciation that we had at the time of measuring the
distance of 10 cm with its respective height; another reason would be, unless the height of
water completely tangent to the surface.
5. Enter 3 cases of structures in which would require calculating the horizontal and vertical
components of the force on a curved surface and its application point.

Dams-pressure force is distributed over the entire area, this will increase to increase the
depth, i.e. at greater depth this pressure varies linearly resulting in a prism of pressure. It is
advisable to determine the resultant force and the point in which it acts.
In the construction of boats-since the boat is floating, it is necessary to calculate the forces
horizontal and vertical operating curve based on the ship or similar.
Tunnels-at the time of build tunnels either for mining use or as part of a road, is essential the
calculation of horizontal and vertical forces, due to the fact that these forces will be present
on the entire surface of the tunnel.

6. CONCLUSIONS

According to the experimental results, know that the hydrostatic force varies with the level
of fluid deposited in the container.
You have the greatest care when leveling equipment because we may lead to errors.

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