CIRCLES

EXERCISE 2 (B)

Q.1

Case : 1 [D]

Three distinct lines from a triangle (1) in-circle and (3) Ex-circle are possible

Ans : 4

Case : 2 [A, D]

Three line are concurrent lines

Ans : 0

Possbile Ans : 4

Case : 3 [C]

Two lines are parallel and third is intersecting then 2 circle are possible.

Q.2 [B, D]

(-1,1) (0,6) , (5,5) from a right angle isosceles triangle with (0,6)

Circumcenter = mid-point of hypotenuse.

 (3,2)

2
Slope = : slope of tangent
3

3
Slope of normal :
2

3
y 2 = (x 3) (1) : eqn of normal.
2

Equation of circle x 3 y 2 r
2 2 2

(5 ,5) will satisfy this eqn

3 2 2
(5 3) (5 2) r

2
r 13

Equation of circle : x 3 y 2 13
2 2

3
From (1) y 2 (x 3)
2

Substituting this in circle equation.

2
3
x 3 2 ( x 3) 2
2
13
2
9
x 3 x 3
2 2
13
4

13
x 3
2
13
4

x 3 4
2

x 3 2
 x 3 2 or 2

x = 1 or x = 5

y = 5 or y = 1

(1 , 5); (5 , 1)

Q.3 [A, B, C, D]

x x1
r ........(1)
cos

x x1 r cos

y y1
r ........(2)
sin

y y1 r sin

x x1
r
cos

Substituting this in (2)

x x1
y y1 sin tan x x1 (C)
cos

Adding (1) and (2)

x y x1 y1 r cos sin

If is constant .(A)

x x1 r cos x1 r cos x r cos

2 2 2 2 2

y y1 r sin y r sin
2 2 2 2

x y x1 y1 r r x cos y sin
2 2 2 2 2

If r = constant and varies

It represents equation of circle ...(B)

r r
And centers will be cos , sin (D)
2 2

Q.4 [B, C]

L2 : x y 1 y 1 x

2 2
S1 : x y x 3 y 0

Substituting value of y in equation of circle.

x 1 x x 3 1 x 0
2 2

2
x 3x 2 0

x2 2 x1 1 0

Difference of roots x2 x1 d 1

intercept length x2 x1 y 2 y1
2 2

2d (1)

or x 2 x1 y 2 y1

L1 : y mx . (passing through origin)

Substituting this in equation of circle

x
2
1 m 3m 1 x 0
2

1 3m
x 2
1 m

1 1 3m
Difference of roots x2 x1 d 2
1 m
intercept length x2 x1 y 2 y1
1 2

1 2
d 1 m (2)

Equating (1) and (2)

1 2
2d d 1 m

1 3m
2
2

2 1 m
2
1 3m
1 m

2 1 m
2
1 3 m 2

2
7m 7m m 1 0

1
m 1 ; m
7

equation of L1 : x y0 7y x 0

Q.5 [A, B, D]

2 2
S1 x y 4

2 2
S2 x y 2 x 4 y 4 0

R1 2

R2 1 4 4 1

C1 0, 0 C2 1, 2

C1C 2 5 R1 R 2

True common tangents ( A)

Let the variable point be P (h,k)

 2 2 2 2
h k 4 h k 2h 2k 4

2h 4k 8 0

h 2k 4 0

x 2y 4 0 .(B)

For orthogonality

2 g1 g 2 f1 f2 C1 C2

20 0 4 4

True .(D)

Q.6 [C, D]

Let equation of line passes through (1,0) with slope m 1

y0 y
Eqn : m1 m1
x 1 x 1

similarly,

y0 y
m2 m2
x 1 x 1

Angle between the two lines is 45

m1 m2
tan 45
1 m1 m2

y y

x 1 x 1 2y
1 1 2 2
y y x y 1
1
x 1 x 1

2 2 2 2
x y 1 2y x y 1 2 y
 2 2 2 2
x y 2y 1 x y 2y 1 0

centers : (0 , - 1) centers : (0 , 1)

radius 2 radius 2

Q.7 [A, B]

2 2
Equation of circle will be x y 1

y = 1 + c (x + 3)

Substituting this in eqn of circle.

x 1 x x 3
2 2
1
x 3 2c x 3 0
2 2 2
x 1 c

x c
2 2
x 2

9 6 x 2c x 3 0

1 c
2
x 6c
2 2

2c x 9c 6c 0
2

Coincident points. D=0

1 c 0
2
6c 2c
2 2 2
4 9c 6c

2
32c 24c 0

3
C = 0 ; C
4
Q.8 [A, C]

2
ab d

2
b d a

Substituting this in eqn of circle.

 2 2
al bm 2d l 1 0

2

al d a m 2d l 0
2
2

2
a d a d 0

eqn of circle.

2 2
al am 1 0

Q.9 [B, C, D]

2 2
S1 : x y 2 x 4 y 1 0

2 2
S2 : x y 4 x 3 0

2 2
S3 : x y 6 y 5 0

S1 S 2 6 x 4 y 2 0

3x 2 y 1 0 (1)

S1 S3 2 x 2 y 4 0

x y20 .(2)

Solving (1) and (2)

3x + 2y = 1

+ 2x 2y = 2

5x = 1

1
x ; y x2
5

1 11
y 2
5 5

Radical center lies in 4th quadiant.

 C1 {1, 2} r1 2

C2 {2, 0} r2 1

C3 {0, 3} r3 2

Let the co-ordinates of center of circle be {+ g , + f} and radius be

C , therefore.

SS1 are orthogonal.

i.e. 2{ - g + (- 2f)} = c + 2

2g + 2f + c + 2 = 0 .(1)

SS2: 2{2g} = c + 1

4g c 1 = 0 ..(2)

SS3: 2{+ 3f} = c + 2

6f c 2 = 0 ..(3)

(1) (2)

6g + 2f + 1= 0 ..(4)

(1) (3)

2g + 8f= 0 ..(5)

Solving (4) and (5)

6g + 2f + 1 = 0

6g + 24f =0

22f =0

1
f
22

2
g
11
 c =1 (C)

Q.10. [A, B, C, D]

2
c
y
x
4
c
x
2 2
2
a
x

4 2 2 4
x a x c 0

x1 x2 x3 x4 sum of roots = 0

4
x1 x2 x3 x4 c

Similarly for y.

2
c
x
y

4
c

2 2
2
y a
y

y a y c 0
4 2 2 4

y1 y2 y3 y4 0

4
y1 y 2 y3 y 4 c

Q.11

2 2
C1 : x y x 2 y 5 0

2 2
C2 : x y 2 x 3 y 7 0

C1 C2 : 3 x y 12 4
 3x y +16 = 0 ..(1)

m1 3

C1
1 ,1 ; C 1, 3
2
2 2
Line joining C1C2 is

3
1
y 1 2

1 1
x 1
2 2

2 y 1 23 1

2x 1 1 2 3

6 y 6 2 x 1

2x 6 y 7

1
m2
3

m1m2 1 (A)
2 2 2 2
Radical axis C1 C 2 x y x 2 y 5 x y 2 x 3 y 7 0

3 x y 12 0 ...(2) (B)

Distance between line (1) and (2)

16 12 4

9 1 10

Paragraph I
Q.12 1 point

Q.13

x 1 y 1 distance of point (x , y)from (-1 , 1)

2 2

x 5 y 1 distance of point (x , y) from (5 , 1)

2 2

( 1, 1) and (5 , 1) are the end points of diameter

5 1 1 1 36 {from Pythagoras theorem }

2 2

Q.14

Radius of the locus point is r 2

3 2

2
Area enclosed 2 2 r 2

r 2 9

Paragraph 2

Q.15

x2 + y2 = 4

form f g use one tangent is y = 2

Then, y 2 = m (x 4) be the other tangent.

y = 2 + m(x - 4)

substituting this in equation of circle.

x c2 m x 4 4
2 2

x
2
1 m 4m m 8 x 4m m 16 16m
2 2 2

For D = 0

4 m 16 16m
2
4m m 8
2 2 2
4 1 m

2
48m 69m 0

4
m
3

will be varies between 45 , 60

Q.16 [B]

y
y2 x 4
3

For x intercept y = 0

5
x
2

Q.17 [B]

x cos y sin 1
 1
x intercept
cos

1
y intercept
sin

h , k
1 1
, co-ordinates of mid-points.
2 cos 2 sin

2 2
1

1
1
2h 2k
2 2 2
h k 2

2 2 2
x y 2

Paragraph 3

Q.18

2
x 2
Ca : ax a a 2
4

f (0) 0

2
a a 20

a 2 a 1 0

a 2 ,1

two integer values.

Q.19 [A]

b a
vertex 2a
1
2a
2
 a ( a a 2)

2 2
D 2 2
a a a2
4a 4

a 2.

vertex = (2a , a 2)

x
locus : y2
2

x 2y 4

Q.20

For a = 3

2 2
x x
Ca : y 3 x 10 c y 2
4 4
2 2
x x
3 x 10 2
4 4
2
x
3x 8 0
2

2
x 6 x 10 0

Sum of the roots m1 m2 6

Paragraph 4

Q.21 [B]

2 2
ax 3 xy 2 y 5 x 5 y c 0

Represent pair of perpendicular lines

a + b= 0 a 2 = 0 a=2

2 x 3 xy 2 y 5 x 5 y c 0
2 2
To find x intercept y = 0

2
2x 5x c 0

x1 and x2 are two roots then

5
x1 x2
2

To find y intercept x = 0

2 y 5 y c 0
2

2y 5y c 0
2

y1 and y2 are two roots then

5
y1 y 2
2

5 5
x1 x2 y1 y2 5
2 2

Q.22 [C]

23
So line 2y2 5y c = 0 ; c
2

and find the value of A , B

Find the orthocenter and circumter.

Q.23 [D]

2 S1 f2 g1 g 2 C1 C2

23
2 5 k
2
 3
k
2

Paragraph 5

Q.24

When Q & R will be the diameter then S will be the origin.

So, the curve on which S lies is on area of circle OP as diameter

Q.25 [D]

2
(PQ) (PR) PS

As S is the mid-point of Q and R.

Q.26 [A]

Then AD + DC = BD

Therefore

Paragraph 6

Q.27 [C]

2 2
S1 : x y 2 x 3 0

2 2
S2 : x y 1 0
 2 2
S3 : x y 2 y 3 0

C1 :(1, 0) R1 2

C2 :(0, 0) R2 1

C3 :(0,1) R3 2

R
2 2 2
R1 R2 R3 4 1 4 3

Q.28 [D]

2 2
x y 2 gx 2 fy c 0 : S

S and S1 are orthogonal

2(g) = 3 + c

2g = 3 + c .(1)

S and S 2 are orthogonal

2( 0 + 0) = 1 + c

c = 1 ..(2)

S and S3 are orthogonal

2(f + 0) = 3 + c

2f= 3 + c (3)

Solving (1) and (2)

2g= 3 + 1 = 2

g = 1

Solving (1) and (3)

f = 1

(a , b + r) = 3
Q.29 [C]

2 2
Let x y 2 gx 2 fy c 0 be the circle touches S1

2x 3 +2gx + 2fy + c = 0 (1)

Touches S2 at (1 , 0)

1 + 2gc + 2f + c = 0

1 + 2g + c = 0 .(2)

Passes through (3 , 2)

9 + 4 + 6g + 4y + c = 0 ..(3)

Solving (1) , (2) and (3)

We get radius = 2

Assertion and Reasoning Type

Q.30. C1 : x2 + y2 6x 4y + 4 = 0

Center (3 , 2)

C2 : x2 + y2 8x 6y + 23 = 0

3 2 8 3 6 2 23 0
2 2

0 = 0

S 2 true

S 1 true

but not correct explonation.

Q.31 [A]

2 2
S : x y 6 x 8 y 75 0

Center : 3 , 4

Radius : 10

Equation of director circle.

 x 3 y 4 2 100
2 2

x 9 6 x y 16 8 y 200
2 2

x y 6 x 8 y 175 0
2 2

(13, 6)

13 6 6 13 8 6 175 0
2 2

P lies on the director circle.

Q.32 [C]

2 2
x y 4 x 8 y 16 0

Center : (2 , - 4)

One line can pass through (2 , -3) and (2 , -4)

as (2 , -3) lies inside the circle.

S2 false

Q.34 [D]

Let P (h , k)
hx + ky 3(x + h) 4(y + h) + 5 = 0

should passes through (6 , 8)

6h + 8k 18 34 4(1) 4k + 5 = 0

3h + 4k 18 32 + 5 = 0

3h + 4k 45 = 0

5 1 false.
S (6 , 8) : (6)2 + (8)2 6(6) 8(8) + 5 = 0

36 + 64 36 64 + 5 > 0

P lies outside the circle

Q.35 [C]

L : k(x y 4) + (7x + y + 20) = 0

x y = 4

x = 4 + y

7x + y + 20 = 0

7(4 + y) + y +20 = 0

28 + 7y + y +20 = 0

48 + 8y = 0

y = 6

x = 2

Center ( 2, 6)

x2 + y2 + 4x + 12y 60 = 0

Center ( - 2 , - 6)

S1 true.
S2 false.
Q.36 [A]

1
Radical axis 2 (1) x + 2 0 y + ( 4 1 ) = 0
2

2a + y = 5

(0 , 5) lies on the radical axis

S2 True

S1 True

Q.37 [A]

C1 and C2 always intersect at two point and they are always orthogonal.
 orthogonal

x a y a x y a a
2 2 2 2 2 2

Q.38 [D]

(x + y) is always equal to z

S 1 false

S 2 true

Matric Match

Q.39
Q.40

x y 20 y 90 0
2 2

(A) [P,Q, R]

kx x 20 kx 90 0
2 2

1 k
2 2
x 20 kx 90 0

D 0

360 9
k
2

400 10

3
k
10

(B) [Q, R]

x y px py 7 0
2 2

x y 10 x 2 py 1 0
2 2

2
p ( 5) p
( p ) 7 1
2 2

5 p p 6
2

p 5p 6 0
2

p 3 p 2 0

(C) [Q, R, S]
 x y 2 x 4 0
2 2

2 2
g f c0

0 40
2 2

4
2

x y 4 y 8 0
2 2

2 2
g f c0

0 2 8 0
2

4 8 0
2

2
2

Q, R, S

(D) [P, S]

A (3 2, 7 2) (1, 3)

C (3 + 2, 7 + 2) (5, 9)

Lies on (x = y)