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BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts


Gov. Pablo Borbon Campus II,
Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200
www.batstate-u.edu.ph Telefax: (043) 300-4044 locs. 106-108

CHEMICAL AND FOOD ENGINEERING DEARTMENT

IE 530
Engineering Management

ORGANIZING

DIMAANO, Joy Anne D.


ENGAY, Marie Joy M.
FRANCO, Caryll Joy C.
FUSI, Genina Joy A.

ChE - 4301

June 14, 2017

Dr. Eufronia M. Magundayao


Instructor
ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS
1. Planning (forecasting, setting objectives, action
planning, administering policies, establishing
procedures)
2. Organizing (organizing workplace, selecting
structure, delegating, establishing working
relationship)
3. Leading (deciding, communicating, motivating,
selecting/developing people)
4. Controlling (setting performance standards,
evaluating/documenting/correcting
performance)

ORGANIZING
Organizing is a management function which refers to the the structuring of
resources and activities to accomplish objectives in an efficient and effective manner. It
is undertaken to facilitate the implementation of plans.
The arrangement or relationship of positions within an organization is called the
structure. The result of the organizing process is the structure.

FUNCTION OF ORGANIZATION
1. Organizing Workplace
2. Developing Structure
3. Delegating Work
4. Establishing Relationship

When structuring an organization, the manager must be concerned with the


following:
1. Division of labor determining the scope of work and how it is combined in a job.
2. Delegation of authority the process of assigning various degrees of decision-
making authority to subordinates.
3. Departmentation the grouping of related jobs, activities, or processes into major
organizational subunits.
4. Span of Control the number of people who report directly to a given manager.
5. Coordination the linking of activities in the organization that serves to achieve a
common goal or objective.

THE FORMAL AND INFORMAL ORGANIZATION


The formal organization is the structure that details lines of responsibilities,
authority, and position. What is depicted in the organization chart is the formal
organization. It is the planned structure and it represents the deliberate attempt to
establish patterned relationships among the components that will meet the objectives
effectively.
The formal structure is described by management through:
1. The organizational chart is a diagram of the organizations official positions
and formal lines of authority.
2. The organizational manual provides written descriptions of authority
relationships, details the functions of major organizational units, and
describes job procedures.
3. The policy manual describes personnel activities and company policies.
Informal organizations are oftentimes very useful; in the accomplishment of
major tasks, especially if these tasks conform with the expectations of the members of the
informal group.
The informal organization, useful as it is, is vulnerable to expediency,
manipulation, and opportunism, according to Valentine. Its low visibility, Valentine added,

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makes it difficult for management to detect these perversions and considerable harm can
be done to the company.

TYPES OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES

1. Functional Organization
This is a form of departmentalization in which everyone engaged in one
functional activity, such as engineering or marketing, is grouped into one unit.
Functional organization structures are very effective in smaller firms, especially
single-business firms where key activities revolve around well-defined skills and areas
of specialization.

2. Discipline Based Organization


Favored by universities, governmental laboratories and other R&D
organizations
Promote innovative pursuits in individual disciplines, allowing employees to drill
down to deeper knowledge levels without requiring much coordination with others.

3. Product or Market Organization


This refers to the organization of a company by divisions that bring together all
those involved with a certain type of product or customer.
The product or market organization, with its feature of operating by divisions,
is appropriate for a large corporation with many product lines in several related
companies.

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4. Matrix Organization
It is an organizational structure in which each employee reports both a
functional or division manager and to a project or group
A matrix, organization, according to Thompson and Strickland, is a structure
with two (or more) channels of command, two lines of budget authority, and two
sources of performance and reward. Higgins declared that the matrix structure was
designed to keep employees in a central pool and to allocate them to various projects
in the firm according to length of time they were needed.

5. Team Organization
Team members on loan from functional organizations to eliminate
organizational conflicts; Team Leader in full control; Short term high-priority
tasks/projects
Examples: Product team, special task force
Purposes: (1) create recommendation, (2) make or do things, and (3) run things

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TYPES OF AUTHORITY

The delegation of authority is a requisite for effective organizing. It consists of three types.
1. Line authority a managers right to tell subordinates what to do and then see
they do it.
2. Staff authority a staff specialists right to give advice to superior.
3. Functional authority a specialists right to oversee lower level personnel
involved in that specialty, regardless of where the personnel are in the
organization.

Line departments perform tasks that reflect the organizations primary goal and mission.
In a construction firm, the department that negotiates and secures contracts for the firm is
a line department. The construction division is also a line of function.
Staff departments include all those that provided specialized skills in support of line
departments. Examples of staff departments include those which perform strategic
planning, labor relations, research, accounting, and personnel.
Staff officers may be classified into the following:
1. Personal Staff those individuals assigned to a specific manager to provide
needed staff services.
2. Specialized staff those individuals providing needed staff services for the whole
organization.

Functional authority is one given to a person or a work group to make decisions related to
their expertise even if these decisions concern other departments. This authority is given
to most budget officers of organizations, as well as other officers.

A LINE AND STAFF ORGANIZATION

THE PURPOSE OF COMMITTEES

When certain formal groups are deemed inappropriate to meet expectation,


committees are oftentimes harnessed to achieve organizational goals. Many
organizations, large or small, make use of committees.
A committee is a formal group of persons formed for a specific purpose. For
instance, the product planning committee, as described by Millevo, is often staffed by top

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executives from marketing, production, research, engineering, and finance, who work part-
time to evaluate and approve product ideas.
Committees are very useful most especially to engineering and manufacturing
firms. When a certain concern, like product development, is under consideration, a
committee is usually formed to provide the necessary line-up of expertise needed to
achieve certain objectives.
Committees may be classified as follows:
1. Ad hoc committee one created for a short-term purpose and have a limited life.
An example is the committee created to manage the anniversary festivities of a
certain firm.
2. Standing committee it is a relatively permanent committee that deals with
issues on an ongoing basis. An example is the grievance committee set up to
handle initially complaints from employees of the organization.

Committees may not work properly, however, if they are not correctly managed. Delaney
suggests that it might be useful to set up some procedure to make the committee a more
effective tool to accomplish our goals.

REFERENCES

2017."Engineering Management". Google Books. N.p., 2017. Web. 10 June 2017.


Csun.edu. N.p., 2017. Web. 10 June 2017.
Environmental Engineering Papers 1st ed.: American Society of Naval Engineers
and the Society of Naval Architects & Marine Engineers, 2006.
Xantus. "Project Management Structures". Slideshare.net. N.p., 2017. Web. 10
June

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