.

Industrial Plant Engineering

REMEDIAL EXAMINATION
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of San Carlos

Name:_________________ Score:______________

Schedule:______________ Date:_______________

I. Multiple Choice (100 items)

Instructions:
Encircle the letter of the best answer directly on the questionnaire. Erasure and unnecessary markings means wrong. No pencil allowed. Use blue or black
pen. No borrowing of anything. Anybody caught using cellular phone for whatever reason needs to retake the test.
9. A flammable and toxic gas which is colorless and has an odor
1. A chimney constructed of metal with a minimum thickness of not resembling rotten eggs. Continued exposure will paralyze
less than one hundred and twenty-seven one hundredths the olfactory nerves.
(0.127) inch. a. Natural Gas c. Hydrogen Sulfide
a. Factory built chimney c. Masonry Chimney b. Carbon Monoxide d. Carbon Dioxide
b. Metal Chimney d. Wood Chimney Answer: Hydrogen Sulfide Reference-PME Code 2012 page 726
Answer: Metal Chimney Reference-PME Code 2012 page 18

2. An automatic closing metal assembly consisting of one or more 10. A possible source of ignition and its accumulation is generally
louvers, blades, slats or vanes that closes upon detection of greatest in an atmosphere of low humidity.
heat so as to restrict the passage of flame. a. Static Electricity c. Dynamic Electricity
a. Fire Damper c. Smoke Damper b. Stray Currents d. None of the Above
b. Water Damper d. Volume Damper Answer: Static Electricity Reference-PME Code 2012 page 723
Answer: Fire Damper Reference-PME Code 2012 page 19
11. Air temperature for Gypsum products which are exposed in ducts
3. A vented appliance category that operates with a positive vent or plenums shall be restricted to a range of
static pressure with a vent gas temperature that avoids a. 40F to 60F c. 20F to 90F
excessive condensate production in vent. b. 50F to 125F d. 60F to 125F
a. Category I c. Category II Answer: 50F to 125F Reference-PME Code 2012 page 115
b. Category III d. Category IV
Answer: Category III Reference-PME Code 2012 page 26 12. A Steam boiler operated at a pressure exceeding 15 psi.
a. Power Boiler c. Low pressure Boiler
4. What is the minimum condensate pipe diameter in mm for an b. Miniature Boiler d. High pressure Boiler
equipment capacity of 91-125 Tons of Refrigeration Answer: Power Boiler Reference-PME Code 2012 page 497
(320.03-439.6) kW
a. 20 mm c. 32 mm 13. The term in plumbing for unwanted flow of water in the reverse
b. 25 mm d. 40 mm direction and poses a serious health risk for the
Answer: 40 mm Reference-PME Code 2012 page 32 contamination of potable water supplies with foul water.
a. Reverse flow c. Back flow
5. What is the minimum exhaust rate for a Barber shop per square b. Converse flow d. Rear flow
meter? Answer: Back flow Reference-PME Code 2012 page 400
a. 2.5 L/s c. 3.5 L/s
b. 4.5 L/s d. 7.5 Ls 14. An inspection of all visible external surfaces and appurtenance of
Answer: 2.5 L/s Reference-PME Code 2012 page 65 an installed boiler or fired pressure vessel. Where practicable
this inspection shall be made with the boiler in operation to
6. What is the maximum spacing of supports for ducts 8 inches permit the inspector to witness the operation of the controls.
(203mm) in diameter? a. Field inspection c. External inspection
a. 8 feet c. 10 feet b. Internal inspection d. Plant inspection
b. 12 feet d. 15 feet Answer: External inspection Reference-PME Code 2012 page
Answer: 12 feet Reference-PME Code 2012 page 77 495

7. What is the minimum conveying velocity for vapors, gases, 15. An elevator classification having a source of mechanical power,
smoke and fumes? such as shafting, in common with other machinery.
a. 2000 fpm c. 2500 fpm a. Electric elevator c. Carriage type elevator
b. 3000 fpm d. Any b. Gravity elevator d. Auxiliary power elevator
Answer: Any Reference-PME Code 2012 page 101 Answer: Auxiliary power elevator Reference-PME Code 2012
page 543
8. Duct systems used with blower type equipment that are portions
of a heating, cooling, absorption, evaporative cooling, or 16. A system providing 2 inch (64mm) hose connections to supply
outdoor air ventilation system shall be sized in accordance water for use by fire departments and those trained in
with the following except: handling heavy fire streams.
a. ASHRAE c. ACCA a. Class I system c. Class II system
b. SMACNA d. ASME b. Class III system d. Class IV system
Answer: ASME Reference-PME Code 2012 page 115 Answer: Class I Reference-PME Code 2012 page 380
17. A membrane, either vertical or horizontal, such as a wall, floor, Answer: Dry Flue Gases Reference-A textbook of Thermal
or ceiling assembly that is designed and constructed to Engineering page 351
restrict the movement of smoke.
a. Smoke Guard c. Smoke detector 27. Fires in cooking oils and greases such as animal fats and
b. Smoke Barrier d. Smoke shield vegetables
Answer: Smoke Barrier Reference-PME Code 2012 page 173 a. Class A c. Class H
b. Class K d. Class D
18. R-13B1 is known as? Answer: Class K Reference-PME Code 2012 page 392
a. Chlorodifluoromethane c. Bromotrifluoromethane
b. Chlorotrifluoromethane d. Trichlorofluoromethane 28. A wall or partition designed to inhibit or prevent the spread of
Answer: Bromotrifluoromethane Reference-PME Code 2012 fire.
page 213 a. Fire Barrier c. Water Wall
b. Fire Guard d. Fire Shield
19. The time period that the penetration firestop system limits the Answer: Fire Barrier Reference-PME Code 2012 page 397
spread of fire through the penetration, when tested in
accordance with ASTM E 814. 29. What is the maximum temperature of the air to be conveyed in
a. T Rating c. F Rating ducts?
b. U Rating d. Z Rating a. 100C c. 130C
Answer: F Rating Reference-PME Code 2012 page 179 b. 122C d. 140C
Answer: 122C Reference-PME Code 2012 page 117
20. What is the factor of safety for chains operated at 350 fpm?
a. 9.6 c. 5.2 30. Electrically charges the ash particles in the products of
b. 4.5 d. 8.8 combustion to collect and remove them.
Answer: 8.8 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 640 a. Electrostatic Precipitator c. Fabric Filter
b. Collecting electrode d. Discharge electrode
21. A type of brazing that uses acetylene, propane, or other fuel gas, Answer: Electrostatic Precipitator Reference- Marks handbook
burned with oxygen or air. 11th ed. Page 9-50
a. Furnace Brazing c. Torch Brazing
b. Induction Brazing d. Dip Brazing 31. Occurs in tall buildings when the outdoor temperature is lower
Answer: Torch Brazing Reference-Marks handbook 11th ed. than the temperature of the spaces inside.
page 13-34 a. Reverse Stack Effect c. Cross-ventilation effect
b. Density effect d. Stack Effect
22. The difference between suction pressure and vapor pressure, at Answer: Stack effect Reference- Marks handbook 11th ed. Page
the pump suction nozzle, when the pump is running. 4.1
a. NPSH c. NIP
b. NPIP d. All of the Above 32. What is the typical range of air temperature for a hotel
Answer: All of the Above Reference-Marks handbook 11th ed. natatorium?
Page 14-2 a. 28-29 C c. 24-29 C
b. 27-29 C d. 29-32 C
23. A device which reduces the pressure pulsation created, in a Answer: 28-29C Reference-2011 ASHRAE handbook HVAC
suction or discharge pipe, by the interaction of a pump and a Applications (SI) Page 5.6
system.
a. Return Spring c. Relief Valve 33. The acceptable method of scavenging the combustion chamber,
b. Pulsation dampener d. Plunger boiler passes, and breeching to remove all combustible
Answer: Pulsation dampener Reference Reference-Marks gases.
handbook 11th ed. Page 14-14 a. Preheating c. Recycling
b. Purging d. Cleansing
24. A fan classification wherein the air passes through the blading Answer: Purging Reference-PME Code 2012 page 192
twice, entering more or less tangentially through the tip,
passing across the impeller and out the other side. 34. A boiler in which water is heated for the purpose of supplying
a. Mixed-Flow impeller c. Cross-Flow impeller heat at pressures not exceeding 160 psi(1,102 kPa) and
b. Radial Flow impeller d. Axial-Flow impeller temperatures not 250F (121C).
Answer: Cross-Flow impeller Reference Reference-Marks a. High Temperature Boiler c. Low Pressure Hot water
handbook 11th ed. Page 14-47 heating boiler
b. Power Boiler d. Miniature Boiler
25. The ratio of the fan total pressure that would be developed with Answer: Low Pressure Hot water heating boiler Reference-PME
an incompressible fluid to the fan total pressure that is Code 2012 page 192
developed with a compressible fluid.
a. Fan Static Efficiency c. Pressure Efficiency 35. A boiler operated at pressures not exceeding 15 psi (103 kPa) for
b. Fan Total Efficiency d. Compressibility Factor steam
Answer: Compressibility Factor Reference-Marks handbook a. Power Boiler c. Steam Heating boiler
11th ed. Page 14-48 b. Miniature Boiler d. High Temp. Water Boiler
Answer: Steam heating boiler Reference-PME Code 2012 page
26. Which of the following carries the maximum heat loss in a boiler? 192
a. Dry Flue gases c. Moisture present in Fuel
b. Unburnt Carbon d. Radiation
36. What is the Fire protection system maintenance standard for 46. A reliable conductor to ensure the required electrical conductivity
portable fire extinguisher? between metal parts required to be electrically connected.
a. NFPA 12 c. NFPA 17A a. Grounding electrode c. Static conductor
b. NFPA 17 d. NFPA 10 b. Electrical connector d. Bonding Jumper
Answer: NFPA 10 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 377 Answer: Bonding Jumper Reference-PME Code 2012 page 18

37. An alarm caused by mechanical failure, malfunction, improper 47. The following should appear in the nameplate of any fuel burning
installation, or lack of proper maintenance, or an alarm heating equipment except?
activated by a cause that cannot be determined. a. Manufacturers name c. Model and serial number
a. Smoke alarm c. Nuisance alarm b. Approved fuel input rating d. Date of manufacture
b. Fire alarm d. False alarm Answer: Date of manufacture Reference-PME Code 2012 page
Answer: Nuisance alarm Reference-PME Code 2012 page 380 31

38. A pipe failure mode which exhibits material deformation in the 48. What is the minimum number of hoisting rope for traction
area of the break. elevators?
a. Ductile failure c. Stress rupture a. 1 c. 2
b. Brittle failure d. Creep b. 3 d. 4
Answer: Ductile Failure Reference-PME Code 2012 page 447 Answer: 3 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 50

39. A substance which when taken in small quantities or low 49. What is the minimum number of hoisting rope for drum type
concentrations by mouth, inhaled, or absorbed through the elevators?
skin rapidly jeopardizes life by other than mechanical or a. 1 c. 2
physical action. b. 2 d. 4
a. Psycho-active drugs c. Hazard Answer: 2 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 50
b. Downer substance d. Poison
Answer: Poison Reference-PME Code 2012 page 448 50. In apartments or residential condominiums of five (5) storeys or
more, how many passenger elevator shall be kept on twenty-
40. A smooth metal panel extending below the car sill which four hour constant service?
eliminates the opening below the platform when the elevator a. 1 c. 2
is above the landing and in the leveling zone. b. 3 d. 4
a. Plunger c. Platform Guard Answer: 1 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 50
b. Freight Platform hoist d. Hatchway
Answer: Platform Guard Reference-PME Code 2012 page 552 51. What is the maximum angle of inclination from the horizontal of
an escalator?
a. 25 c. 35
41. Are brown to black in color and have a bed moisture content of b. 30 d. 40
30 to 45 percent with a resulting lower heating value than Answer: 30 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 51
higher rank coals.
a. Lignites c. Bituminous 52. What is the maximum allowable rated speed of an escalator
b. Subbituminuous d. Anthracite measured along the angle of inclination?
Answer: Lignites Reference-Marks handbook 11th ed. page 7-5 a. 25 m/min c. 32 m/min
b. 38 m/min d. 45 m/min
42. The part of the system designed to liquefy refrigerant vapor by Answer: 38 m/min Reference-PME Code 2012 page 51
the removal of heat.
a. Evaporator c. Condenser 53. No part of the boiler shall be closer than ___ meter from any wall
b. Compressor d. Expansion valve and shall have at least ___ separate exits.
Answer: Condenser Reference-PME Code 2012 page 19 a. 1, 2 c. 2, 3
b. 2, 1 d. 3, 2
43. The total amount of air provided to the space that contains fuel Answer: 1, 2 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 51
burning equipment. Includes air for fuel combustion, draft
hood dilution, and ventilation of the equipment enclosure. 54. In case the main building is not made up of fire resistive materials,
a. Combustion air c. Natural draft boilers shall be located outside the building at a distance of
b. Forced draft d. Excess air not less than ___ meters from the outside wall of the main
Answer: Combustion air Reference-PME Code 2012 page 19 building.
a. 1 c. 3
44. An area in building accessible by crawling, having a clearance b. 2 d. 4
less than human height, for access to plumbing or wiring, Answer: 3 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 51
storage, etc.
a. Small space c. Clearance 55. A smokestack, whether self-supporting or guyed, shall be able to
b. Crawl space d. Confined space withstand a wind load of ___ kilometers per hour.
Answer: Crawl space Reference-PME Code 2012 page 19 a. 150 c. 200
b. 175 d. 250
45. A metal connector for medium and high heat appliances. Answer: 3.5 L/s Reference-PME Code 2012 page 51
a. Piping c. Heating line
b. Breeching d. Hot line
Answer: Breeching Reference-PME Code 2012 page 18
56. At what height shall a smokestack rise above the eaves of any
building within a radius of 50.00 meters? 67. What is the minimum opening for makeup air provided in the
a. 5 m c. 8 m door for a closet designed for a clothes dryer installation?
b. 10 m d. 15 m a. 70 in2 c. 90 in2
Answer: 5 m Reference-PME Code 2012 page 51 b. 80 in2 d. 100 in2
Answer: 100 in2 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 75
57. How many feeding water shall be provided for boilers of more
than 46.00 sq. meters of heating surface? 68. What is the maximum temperature rating for a fire actuated
a. 1 c. 3 damper installed in an exhaust outlet of a system?
b. 2 d. 4 a. 190 C c. 200 C
Answer: 2 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 51 b. 220C d. 150 C
Answer: 190 C Reference-PME Code 2012 page 96
58. What is the effective temperature range of air to be used for
comfortable cooling? 69. What is the minimum conveying velocities for heavy dusts such
a. 10-15 C c. 20-24 C as metal tumings, and lead dusts?
b. 16-20 C d. 25-30 C a. 2500 fpm c. 3500 fpm
Answer: 20-24 C Reference-PME Code 2012 page 53 b. 3000 fpm d. 4000 fpm
Answer: 4000 fpm Reference-PME Code 2012 page 101
59. What is the required range of air movement within a living zone?
a. 1.5-2.5 m/min c. 3.7-4.5 m/min 70. The property of materials which commends them to the mass-
b. 2.6-3.6 m/min d. 4.6-7.6 m/min production techniques of pressure-forming desired shapes.
Answer: 4.6-7.6 m/min Reference-PME Code 2012 page 53 a. Elasticity c. Brittleness
b. Plasticity d. Malleability
60. What is effective relative humidity of air to be used for Answer: Plasticity Reference-Marks handbook 11th ed page 13-
comfortable cooling? 10
a. 20-30 % c. 40-50 %
b. 30-40 % d. 50-60 % 71. Attempts to describe how much heat the body will lose under
Answer: 50-60 % Reference-PME Code 2012 page 53 certain conditions of wind and temperature.
a. Cooling factor c. Heat release factor
61. What is the minimum ventilation rate per person in a lecture b. Wind-chill index d. Chill-wind index
classroom? Answer: Wind-chill index Reference-Marks handbook 11th ed.
a. 2.5 cfm c. 3.5 cfm Page 12-50
b. 4.5 cfm d. 7.5 cfm
Answer: 7.5 cfm Reference-PME Code 2012 page 62 72. Heat gains that are based on the total electrical wattage of the
operating lights, including ballasts, converted to Btu/h.
62. A relative value in minutes or hours assigned to materials or a. Lighting gains c. Equipment gains
assemblies that have withstood a fire exposure. b. People gains d. Internal gains
a. Fire resistance rating c. Fire endurance rating Answer: Lighting gains Reference- Marks handbook 11th ed.
b. Fire tolerance rating d. Fire limit rating page 12-61
Answer: Fire resistance rating Reference-PME Code 2012 page
72 73. What is the minimum service clearance for pumps?
a. 350 mm c. 500 mm
63. An object placed in or near an appliance to change the direction b. 450 mm d. 600 mm
or retard the flow of air, air fuel mixtures or flue gases. Answer: 600 mm Reference-PME Code 2012 page 217
a. Damper c. Baffle plate
b. Breeching d. Appurtenance 74. What is the maximum distance between manholes?
Answer: Baffle plate Reference-PME Code 2012 page 71 a. 150 ft. c. 300 ft.
b. 250 ft. d. 350 ft.
64. A substance capable of dissolving or dispersing another Answer: 300 ft. Reference-PME Code 2012 page 289
substance; a chemical compound designed and used to
convert solidified grease into a liquid or semi-liquid state in 75. What is the fire protection system maintenance standard for
order to facilitate a cleaning operation. portable fire extinguisher.
a. Solute c. Base a. NFPA 10 c. NFPA 12A
b. Solvent d. Acid b. NFPA 12 d. NFPA 17
Answer: Solvent Reference-PME Code 2012 page 74 Answer: NFPA 10 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 377

65. A device or method that minimizes the passage of airborne sparks 76. What is the assigned color coding system for potable water supply
and embers into a plenum, duct, and flue. in all buildings?
a. Charge trap c. Spark trap a. Green c. Yellow
b. Spark terminator d. Spark arrester b. Blue d. Orange
Answer: Spark arrester Reference-PME Code 2012 page 74 Answer: Green Reference-PME Code 2012 page 247

66. What is the minimum diameter of moisture exhaust for a 77. What is the minimum jet of water that should be constantly
compartment or space for domestic clothes dryer? available for potable drinking water?
a. 1 inch c. 3 inches a. 1 inch c. 2 inches
b. 2 inches d. 4 inches b. 1.5 inches d. 2.5 inches
Answer: 4 inches Reference-PME Code 2012 page 75 Answer: 2 inches Reference-PME Code 2012 page 247
78. An environment in which the quantity and location of smoke is 87. A unit containing one or more indicator lamps, alphanumeric
limited or otherwise restricted to allow for ready evacuation displays, or other equivalent means in which each indication
through the space. provides status information about a circuit, condition or
a. Smoke zone c. Tenable environment location.
b. Safe environment d. Smoke room a. Annunciator c. Deluge system
Answer: Tenable environment Reference-PME Code 2012 page b. Control box d. Status display
174 Answer: Annunciator Reference-PME Code 2012 page 379

79. A device that senses a limit or off limit condition or improper 88. A fuel oil tank located inside a structure that provides fuel to the
sequence of events and shuts down the offending or related engine.
piece of equipment or prevents proceeding in an improper a. Enclosed tank c. Day tank
sequence in order to prevent a hazardous condition from b. Integral tank d. Supply tank
developing. Answer: Day tank Reference-PME Code 2012 page 227
a. Interlock c. Emergency button
b. Reset alarm d. Dampers 89. What is the maximum capacity of an integral tank for an engine?
Answer: Interlock Reference-PME Code 2012 page 192 a. 80 L c. 95 L
b. 90 L d. 100 L
80. Any joint obtained by joining of metal parts with alloys that melt Answer: 95 L Reference-PME Code 2012 page 231
at temperatures higher than 449 C but lower than the
melting temperature of the parts being joined. 90. What is known as the Mechanical Engineering Act of 1998?
a. Compression c. Brazed a. R.A 8495 c. R.A 9019
b. Flanged d. Flared b. R.A 8140 d. R.A 8540
Answer: Brazed Reference-PME Code 2012 page 22 Answer: R.A 8495 Reference-PME Code 2012 page 11

81. A joint made by the joining of metal parts with metallic mixtures 91. What is the color field assigned to fire quenching materials?
or alloys that melt at a temperature up to and including a. Blue c. Yellow
449C. b. Orange d. Red
a. Soldered c. Brazed Answer: Red Reference-PME Code 2012 page 740
b. Flanged d. Flared
Answer: Soldered Reference-PME Code 2012 page 22 92. What is the color field assigned to radioactive materials,
explosives, toxic, etc.?
82. The highest stress level that the component can tolerate without a. Blue c. Yellow
rupture. b. Orange d. Red
a. Ultimate strain c. Ultimate pressure Answer: Yellow Reference-PME Code 2012 page 740
b. Ultimate tension d. Ultimate strength
Answer: Ultimate strength Reference-PME Code 2012 page 25 93. What is the color field assigned to liquid or liquid admixture of
inherently low hazardous?
83. A blend comprising multiple components of different volatiles a. Green c. Yellow
that when used in refrigeration cycles change volumetric b. Orange d. Red
composition and saturation temperatures as they evaporate Answer: Green/Orange Reference-PME Code 2012 page 740
or condensate at constant pressure.
a. Zeolites c. Isotope 94. What is the color of the pipe that conveys Gasoline?
b. Zeotrope d. Azeotrope a. Green c. Yellow
Answer: Zeotrope Reference-PME Code 2012 page 27 b. Orange d. Red
Answer: Orange Reference-PME Code 2012 page 741
84. A type of central furnace designed with airflow essentially in a
vertical path, discharging air at or near the top of the furnace. 95. What is the color of the pipe that conveys Ammonia?
a. Horizontal c. Up-flow a. Green c. Yellow
b. Down-flow d. Enclosed b. Orange d. Red
Answer: Up-flow Reference-PME Code 2012 page 21 Answer: Yellow Reference-PME Code 2012 page 741

85. A change in composition of a blend by preferential evaporation 96. What is the color of the pipe that conveys high pressure steam?
of the more volatile component or condensation of the less a. Green c. Yellow
volatile component. b. Orange d. Red
a. Fractionation c. Crystallization Answer: Yellow Reference-PME Code 2012 page 65
b. Distillation d. Condensation
Answer: Fractionation Reference-PME Code 2012 page 21 97. The standard handbook for equipment and materials for climatic
conditions application.
86. A standard instrument for measuring duct velocity. a. ANSI c. NFPA
a. Anemometer c. Pitot tube b. ASHRAE d. ASME
b. Laser Doppler velocimeter d. Solid tracer Answer: ASHRAE Reference-PME Code 2012 page 748
Answer: Pitot tube Reference-ASHRAE 1997 HVAC
fundamentals page 14.15 98. What is the flash point range of kerosene?
a. 100-162 F c. 164-190 F
b. 50-92 F d. 195- 240 F
Answer: 100-162 F Reference-PME Code 2012 page 729
99. A desalination process in which a membrane permits fresh water 100. The following are ions found in seawater except?
to be forced through it but holds back dissolved solids. a. Chloride c. Magnesium
a. Purification c. Reverse osmosis b. Calcium d. Barium
b. Osmosis d. Distillation Answer: Barium Reference-Marks handbook 11th ed. Page 6-
Answer: Reverse osmosis Reference-Marks handbook 11th ed. 176
Page 6-177
Test II Problem Solving
Instructions:
Use black or blue pen, no pencils allowed. Use yellow pad for your solutions. Write only your solutions on
the front page of your solution sheet. Anybody caught using cellular phone for whatever reason means cheating.
You are not allowed to leave the room unless you are done. Raise your hand if you have questions and
clarifications. Submit your solution sheet together with the questionnaire.

1. A pump delivers 490 gpm of water against a total head of 220 ft. and operating at 1650 rpm. Changes have
increased the total head to 380 ft. At what rpm should the pump be operated to achieve the new head at the
same efficiency?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1
= ( )2
2 2

220 1650 2
=( )
380 2

2. A pump operating at 1850 rpm delivers 520 gal/min against a total head of 155 ft. Changes in the piping
system have increased the total head to 365 ft. At what rpm should the pump be operated to achieve this
new head at the same efficiency?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1
= ( )2
2 2

155 1850 2
=( )
365 2

3. It is desired to deliver 6 m3/s at a head of 643 m in a single stage pump having specific speed not to exceed 45.
If the speed is not to exceed 1360 rpm, how many stages are required?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO
Let n = no. of stages
643
h = head per stage =

= 3
4

13606
45 =
643 3
( )4

=
4. A centrifugal pump delivers 85 liters per second of water on test. Suction gauge reads 12 mmHg and 1.5 meters
below pump centerline. Power input is 75 kw. Find the total dynamic head in meters.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

=
1 3
= 85 = 0.085 3 /
1000

Since no pump efficiency is given, use the usual pump efficiency used which is 74%

= =
75

0.74(75) = (9.81)(0.085)

5. A pump discharges 160 L/s per second of water to a height of 80 meters. If the efficiency is 74%, and the speed
of the pump is 1900 rpm, what is the torque in N-m to which the drive shaft is subjected?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= (0.160)(9.81)(80) = 125.6

125.6
() = = = 169.73
0.74

= 2

1900
169,726 = 2 ( )
60

6. A fuel pump is delivering 15 gpm of oil with with a specific gravity of 0.85. The total head is 10 meters, find
how much energy does the pump consumes in kJ per hour.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

60 3.7854 3 9.81
= (15 )(0.85 )(10)
1000 3

= /
7. A pump receives 10 kg/s of water at 230 kPa and 112C and discharges it at 1120 kPa. Compute for the power
required in kilowatts.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 1 (2 1 )

3
= 10 ( )(1120 230)
1000 2

= .

8. A pump lifts water at a rate of 290 L/s from a lake and force it into a tank 10 meters above the level of the
water at a pressure of 140 kPa. What is the power required in kW?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= = +

140
= 10 + = 23.97
9.81

= (0.290)(9.81)(23.97)

9. A 6-stage centrifugal pump discharges 1300 gpm of water at 1510 rpm with pressure drop of 580 psi. Find the
specific speed.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

580(144)
= = 1338.46 .
62.4
1338.46
= = 223.08 .
6

=
3/4

15101300
=
(223.08)3/4

=
10. A 6-stage centrifugal pump discharges 1550 gpm of water at 1850 rpm with pressure drop of 720 psi. Find
the specific speed.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

720(144)
= = = 1661.54 .
62.4

1661.54
= = 276.92 .
6
18501550
= 3 = 3
4 (276.92)4

11. Find the percent slip of a reciprocating pump if the volumetric efficiency is 97%
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 1 = 1 0.97 = 0.03

= %

12. Find the percent slip of a reciprocating pump if the volumetric efficiency is 94%
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 1 = 1 0.94 = 0.06

= %

13. A pump driven by an electric motor moves 27 gal/min of water from reservoir A to reservoir B, lifting the
water to a total of 250 feet. The efficiency of the pump and motor are 65% and 85%, respectively. What size of
motor (HP) is required?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

27
= = 0.0602 3 /
7.481(60)

(0.0602)(62.4)(250)
= = = 1.706
550
1.706
= = 2.63
0.65

14. Water is pumped at 1.5 m3/s to an elevation of 7 m through a flexible hose using a 100% efficient pump rated
at 120 kW. Using the same length of the hose, what size motor is needed to pump 1.5 m3/s of water to a tank with
no elevation gain? In both cases both ends of hose are at atmospheric pressure. Neglect kinetic energy.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

120 = (9.81)(1.5)()

= 8.15

: = 8.15 7 = 1.15

= (9.81)(1.5)(1.15)

15. A pump discharges 55 ton of water per hour to a height of 10 m. The overall efficiency of the pumping system
is being 70%. Calculate the energy consumed by the pump in 3 hours, expressed in MJ.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1000 13 3
= 55 = 55
1000

3
(9.81 3 )(55 )(10)

= 3 = 23,123.57
0.70

= .

16. Water flow through a pipe at 20 L/s. The inlet diameter of pipe is 13 cm and its exit diameter is 17cm. If water
is to be pumped from a reservoir located 9 m below and heat losses amounts to 3 kW, determine the power input
to the pump.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 20 = 0.020 3 /

0.020 0.020
1 = = = 1.51 ; 2 = = = 0.88
1 (. 2 2 (. 2
4 13) 4 17)

(0.88)2 (1.51)2
=9+ = 8.92
2(9.81
= + = (9.81)(0.020)(8.92) + 3

= .
17. A single-acting reciprocating pump has a diameter of 0.15 meter and a stroke of 0.30 meter. Compute the
theoretical discharge if the pump delivers water at 100 rpm.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

2
= = (0.15)2 (0.3)(100)
4 4

= . /

18. A single-acting reciprocating pump, with a diameter of 0.20 meter and stroke of 0.25 meter, delivers water at
a rate of 0.20 m3/min. What is the percentage slip if it delivers at 50 revolutions per minute?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

2
= = (0.20)2 (0.25)(50) = 0.39 3 /
4 4

= 0.20 3 /

0.39 0.20
= = = 0.4871
0.39

= . %

19. A pump operating at 1900 rpm delivers 650 gpm against a total head of 210 ft. Changes in the piping system
have increased the total head to 250 ft. At what rpm should the pump be operated to achieve this new head at the
same efficiency?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1 2
=( )
2 2
210 1900 2
=( )
250 2

20. A centrifugal pump has a constant speed of 1400 rpm and has a head of 80 m. What is the effect on the head
of the pump if the impeller diameter is reduced from 275 mm to 220 mm?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1 2
=( )
2 2

80 275 2
=( )
2 220

= .
21. If the available head of the hydrostation is 290 m and available water flow is 1500 m3/s, determine the
hydrostation water power.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= (9.81)(1500)(290)

= .

22. A pump lifts water at a rate of 550 L/s from a source and forced it into a tank 15 meters above the level of the
water at a pressure of 200 kPa. What is the power required in Hp?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

200
= + 15 = 35.39
9.81

= = (9.81)(0.550)(35.39) = 190.93

23. A plant has installed a single-suction centrifugal pump with a capacity of 320 gpm under 210 ft. at 1300 rpm.
It is proposed to install another pump with double suction but of the same type to operate at 90 ft. head and
delivers 410 gpm. Determine the speed of the proposed pump.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1 2 2
3/4
= 3/4
1 2

410
; = = 205
2

1300320 2 205
=
2103/4 903/4

24. A pressure rise of 550 kPa is needed across a pump in a pipe transporting 0.2 m 3/s of water. If the pump is
80% efficient, the power needed in kW would be:
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

(550)(0.2)
= =
0.80

=
25. Water is to be raised to a height of 50 meters at a rate of 15 kg/s. Heat losses due to friction is 3 kW. Determine
the motor power required to drive this pump.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 15 = 0.015 3 /

= +
.
= (9.81)(0.015)(50) + 3

= .

26. A certain fan delivers 7 m3/s of air at 30C and 105.3 kPa is operating at 550 rpm and requires 3 kW of power.
If the air temperature is increased to 80C and the speed of the fan remains the same, calculate the new power in
kW.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

2 1
=
1 2

2 30 + 273
=
2 80 + 273

= .

27. What is the static air power in watts of a fan designed to deliver 1200 m3/hr of air with a static pressure of 12
cm of water column on full delivery?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

(0.12)(1000)
= = = 100
1.2
1000
= = (1.2 9.81)(1200)(100) ( )
3600

28. A certain ventilating fan delivers 520 m3/min of air against a back pressure of 13 cm water when the fan is
operating at 530 rpm. The plant wishes to increase the air flow to 650 m3/min. Determine the air power produced
by the fan.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= = ()()
3
= (1000 3 ) (9.81 2 ) (0.13) (520 ) = 663,156 = 11, 052.6
min 60

= .
29. In problem No. 28, what is the new speed to obtain the increased air flow?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1
=
2 2

530 520
=
2 650

= .

30. In problem No. 28, what is the new back pressure?

Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1 2
=( )
2 2

13 530 2
=( )
2 662.5

= .

31. In problem No. 28, find the new power at the increased flow rate.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 1 3
=( )
2 2

11.05 530 3
=( )
2 662.5

= .
32. A blower is driven by a belt and pulley so that its speed can be changed by changing the pulley diameter. The
fan is rated at 300 m3/min and 16cm static pressure for 1950 rpm and 20C air. Determine the static air
horsepower.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

18, :
3 3
= 300 =5


() =
0.746
(9.81)(5)(0.16)
=
0.746 /

= .
33. A fan used for ventilation discharges 7.5 m3/s of air through a duct 100 cm in diameter against a static pressure
of 25 mmWG. Barometric pressure is 740 mmHg, the temperature of the air is 27C and the gage fluid density is
995 kg/m3. If the power input to the fan is 4 kW, determine the static efficiency of the fan.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

3
(995 3 9.81103 ) (7.5 ) (0.025)

=
4

= . %

34. A large forced draft fan is handling atmospheric air, 45C under a total head of 285 mm water gage at 43C.
The power input to the fan is 220 kW and the fan is 80% efficient. Compute the air pressure. Assume local gravity
of acceleration of 9.87 m/s2. At 45C, density = 990.2 kg/m3.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 220 0.80 = 176

9.87 / 2
3
= 990.2 /
1000

= 9.77
3

= = (0.285)(9.77)

= .

35. From Problem number 34, compute the volume of air handled each minute.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

176 = (9.77)()(0.285)

= . . /

36. A forced draft fan is used to provide combustion air requirements for a power boiler that burns coal at the rate
of 10 metric tons per hr. The air requirements are: 130,000 m3/hr, air being provided under 190 mm water gauge
by a fan which has a mechanical efficiency of 75%. Assume fan to deliver at a total pressure of 190mm water
gauge. Determine the air power of fan.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

190 9.81 /3 1.8639

= = =
1000

3 3
= 130,000 = 36.11

1.8639
= (33.33)( ) ( )

= .

37. Find the air power of a blower needed to provide the forced-draft service to a boiler that burns coal at the rate
of 12 metric tons per hour. The air requirements are 130,000 m3/hr, air being provided under 155 mm water gage
by the blower which has a mechanical efficiency of 70%. Assume the blower to deliver a total pressure of 165
mm water gage.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

3 3
= 130,000 = 36.11

= = 155 = 0.155

= (9.81)(36.11)(0.155)

= .

38. A certain power boiler requires 1650 m3/min of air at a pressure of 25 cm of water for the combustion process.
The fan has a mechanical efficiency of 65% at a given conditions. How large of a motor, in kW, is required to
power this fan?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= = (1000 ) (9.81 ) (0.25 ) = 2452.5
3 2 2

3
= = (2452.5 ) (1650 ) ( )
2 min 60
= 67,443.75 = 67.44
 67.44
= =
0.65

= .

39. What horsepower is supplied to air movie at 25 fpm through a 3 x 4 ft. duct under a pressure of 4 in. water
gage?
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

20 3
= = (3 4) ( )=4
60

4
(62.4)(12) 20.8
= = =

20.8 ( ) 1
= (4) ( ) = 83.2 ( )

550
= .

40. A ventilating fan discharges 4.5 m3 of air per second through a duct 90 cm in diameter against a static pressure
of 25 mm water gauge. Barometric pressure is 725 mm Hg, the temperature of air is 30.44C and the gauge fluid
density is 995 kg/m3. If the power input is 2.85 kW, determine the static efficiency.
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

= =
2.85

(9.81(0.995))(4.5)(0.025)
=
2.85

= . . %

41. The mechanical efficiency and static pressure of a fan are 50% and 25 m of air respectively. What is the static
efficiency if the total pressure created by the fan is 30 m of air?
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

= ( )

25
= .50 ( )
30

= . . %
42. The forced draft fans in parallel with a capacity of 75.5 m3 per second each supplying combustion air to a
steam generator. Air inlet is at 45.33C, a static pressure of 255 mm water gage is developed and the fan speed is
1300 rpm. The fan input is 260 kW each. Calculate the capacity of the fan for a speed increase of 25%.
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

= 1.25(1 )

= 1.25(75.5)

= .

43. What is the set efficiency of a fan if the fan efficiency is 43% and motor efficiency is 87%?
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

= (0.43)(0.87)

= . . %

44. A 15 hp motor is used to drive a fan that has a total head of 25 m. If the fan efficiency is 75%, what is the
maximum capacity in m3/s?
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

= 0.75(15) = 11.25 8.39

8.39 = (1.2 0.00981)()(25)

= .

45. A fan develops a brake power of 160 kW at 1.2 kg/m3 air density. What is the new brake power of the fan if
it operates at 105 kPa and 32C at the same speed?
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

2 2
=
1 1

105
2 = = 1.19 3
0.287(32 + 273)

2 1.19
=
160 1.2

= .
46. A small blower handles 45.33 m3 of air per minute whose density is 1.159 kg/m3. The static and velocity
heads are 17.38 and 1.20 cm water gage (at 15.7C) respectively. Local gravity acceleration is 9.75 m/s2. Find the
power input to the air from the blower.
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

= 17.38 + 1.20 = 18.85 = 0.1858

3 3
= 45.33 = 0.76

= (9.75)(0.76)(0.1858)

= .

47. The fan has a total head of 200 m and a static pressure of 21 cm WG. If the air density is 1.2 kg/m 3, what is
the velocity of air flowing?
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

2
=
2

1000
200 = 0.21 ( ) +
1.2

= 25

2
25 =
2(9.81)

= .

48. A 50 in. diameter fan rated at 180,000 cfm standard air at 15 in. static pressure is operating at 1250 rpm. Solve
for the specific speed.
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

=
3/4

1250180,000
=
1 3/4
(15 12)

= , .
49. A boiler requires 80,000 m3/hr of standard air. What is the motor power if the fan can deliver a total pressure
of 150 mm of water gage? The mechanical efficiency of the fan is 65%.
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

80000
= 9.81 ( ) (0.150) = 32.7
3600

32.7
=
0.65

= .

50. The motor power needed to drive the fan is 80 kW and the volume flow of air delivered by fan is 25 m3/s and
21 cm water gage. The density of air is 1.225 kg/m3. What is the fan efficiency?
Source: Primes Industrial Plant Engineering Reviewer

= (9.81)(25)(0.21)

= 51.5

51.5
=
80

= . . %

51. Heat is transferred from hot water to an oil in a double pipe counter flow heat exchanger. Water enters the
outlet pipe at 110C and exits 60C while the oil enters the inner pipe at 35C and exits at 50C. Calculate the log
mean temperature difference.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

=

ln ( )
Water, tx=110C

= 110 50 = 60 Oil, t1=35C Oil, t2=50C

= 60 35 = 25

60 25
=
60 Water, ty=60C
ln ( )
25

= .
52. A fuel oil heater designed for counter flow heat transfer is used to heat fuel oil from 26C to 100C while the
heating fluid enters at 145C and leaves at 110C. The fuel oil has a specific gravity of 25API, a specific heat of
0.65 kcal/kg-C and enters the heater at the rate of 2700 liters per hour. Determine the true log mean temperature
difference.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= Heating fluid,
tx=145C
ln ( )
Fuel Oil,
t2=100C
t1=26C

(110 26) (145 100)

=
110 26
ln ( )
145 100
ty=110C

= .

53. Brine enters a circulating brine cooler at the rate of 7.7 m3/hr at -10C and leaves at -16C. The specific heat
of brine is 0.26 kcal/kg-C and the specific gravity is 1.20. The refrigerant evaporates at -25C. What is the
refrigerating load in TOR?
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

=

= 1.2(1000)(7.7) = 9240

= 9240(0.26)(10 (16))

1
= 14,414.4 ( )( )( )
0.252 60min 200/

= .

54. It is desired to heat cold water at a pressure 510 kPa from 6C to 55C at a rate of 1.5 kg/s in a thin-walled
copper tube by condensing waste process steam at 310 kPag on the outside of the tube. At 400 kPa abs,
Tsat=143C. Determine the log mean temperature difference.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 143 6 = 137 Steam, tx=143C

= 143 55 = 88
Water t1=6C
t2=55C
137 88
= =
137
ln ( ) ln ( 88 )

ty=143C
=
55. Calculate the logarithmic mean temperature difference for a condenser if the temperature difference between
condensing steam and water inlet is 800C and that steam inlet and water is 110C.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 2
=

ln (1 )
2

800 110

800
ln (110)

56. An oil heater heats 160 kg of oil per minute from 32C to 125C in a counter flow heat exchanger. The average
specific heat if the oil is 3.5 kJ per kg per C. Exhaust gases used for heating enter the heater with an average
specific heat of 1.005 kJ per kg per C, a mass flow rate of 300 kg/min and an initial temperature of 225C. The
overall heat transfer coefficient is 85 watts per m2 per C. Determine the temperature of the gas leaving the heater
in C.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

160(3.5)(125 32) = 300(1.005)(225 )

= .

57. From problem 56, determine the amount of heat transferred in kW.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= (160)(3.5)(125 32)

1
= 52080 / min ( )
60

58. From problem 56, determine the heating surface area in m2.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

1 2 (52.3 32) (225 125)

= = = 49.98
1 20.3
ln ( ) ln ( 100 )
2
= ()

868(1000) = 85()(49.98)

= .
59. In a hot water system, water is heated to 96C and then pumped at the rate of 4 L/min through a radiator where
it is cooled to 30C. If the water arrives at the radiator at 30C, how much heat does a radiator release per hour?
Source: Industrial plant Engineering Practice Problems for Heat exchanger IPE class of 2015-2016

13 1000
= = 4 ( )( 3
) (4.187 ) (96 30)
1000

1
= 1105.37 ( )
60

= .

60. A brine enters a cooler at the rate of 55 m3/hr at 17C and leaves at 3C. Specific heat and specific gravity of
brine are 1.1 kJ/kgK and 1.2 respectively. Calculate the heat transfer in kW.
Source: Industrial plant Engineering Practice Problems for Heat exchanger IPE class of 2015-2016

3 1.1
= (55 ) (1 ) (1000 3 ) (1.2) ( ) (17 3)
3600

61. In a hot air heating system, the furnace heats the air from 65F to 165F. If the air is then circulated at the rate
of 340 ft3/min by the blower, how much thermal energy is transferred per hour. The specific heat of air at constant
pressure is 0.255 Btu/lbF, the density of air is 0.0808 lb/ft3 at atmospheric pressure.
Source: Industrial plant Engineering Practice Problems for Heat exchanger IPE class of 2015-2016

3
= (340 ) (0.0808 3 ) (0.255 ) (165 65)

= 700.5 (60 )
1

= , .

62. An air-cooled condenser is to reject 75 kW of heat from a condensing refrigerant to air. The condenser has an
air-side area of 215 m2 and a U value based on this area is 0.040 kW/m2K; it is supplied with 6.8 m3/s of air which
has a density of 1.19 kg/m3. If the condensing temperature is to be limited to 60C, what is the maximum allowable
temperature of the inlet air? Cp of air = 1.006 kJ/kgK
Source: Industrial plant Engineering Practice Problems for Heat exchanger IPE class of 2015-2016

= = 6.8 (1.19 3
) = 8.09

=

75 = 8.09 (1.006 ) (60 )

= .

63. An oil heater heats 105 kg/min of oil from 36C to 110C in a counter flow heat exchanger. The average
specific heat of the oil is 2.5 kJ/kgC. Exhaust gases used for heating enter the heater with an average specific
heat of 1 kJ/kgC, a mass flow rate of 245 kg/min and an initial temperature of 210C. The over-all heat transfer
coefficient is 75 W/m2C. Determine the heating surface in m2.
Source: Industrial plant Engineering Practice Problems for Heat exchanger IPE class of 2015-2016

( ) = ( )

(105 ) (2.5 ) (110 36) = (245 ) (1 ) (210 )

= 130.7

1 2 (210 110) (130.7 36)

= = = 97.33
100
ln (1 ) ln (94.7)
2

1 1000
105(2.5)(110 36) (60) ( )
= = 1
()
75 2 (97.33)

= .

64. A parallel flow economizer receives hot gas (Cp=0.27 Btu/lbR) and water in the ration of 2 lb gas/lb water.
The gas enters at 860 F and leaves at 360F; the water enters at 120F. Find the exit temperature of the water.
Source: Industrial plant Engineering Practice Problems for Heat exchanger IPE class of 2015-2016

( ) = ( )

( ) =

1 ( , 120) = 1.5(0.27)(850 360)

, = .
65. The sun generates 2 kW/m2 when used as a source for solar collectors. A collector with an area of 1.5 m2 heat
water. The flow rate is 4 L/min. What is the temperature rise in the water? The specific heat of water is 4200
J/kgC.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

=2 (1.5 2 ) = 3 = 3000
2

13 1
= (4 )( ) (1000 3 ) ( ) = 0.067
1000 60

3000 = 0.067(4200)()

= .

66. At an average temperature of 100C, hot air flows through a 3.5 m long tube with an inside diameter of 55mm.
The temperature of the tube is 25C along its entire length. Convective film coefficient is 20.2 W/m2-K. Determine
the convective heat transfer from air to the tube.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= =

= (0.055)(3.5) = 0.6047 2

= ()(2 1 ) = 20.2(0.6047)(100 25)

= .

67. What is the heat transfer in the glass surface area of 1 m2 having an inside temperature (room) of 30C and
15C outside temperature (surrounding). The thickness of glass surface is 0.005 m. The glass thermal conductivity
is 2 W per m per K.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

2(1)(30 15)
= =
0.005

=
68. Compute the amount of condensate formed during 15 minutes warm-up of 200 m pipe that conveys the
saturated steam with enthalpy of vaporization hfg = 1947.8 kJ/kg. The minimum external of pipe is 5C, the final
temperature of the pipe is 100C. The specific heat of the pipe material is 0.6 kJ/kg-C. The specific weight is 28
kg/m.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

200 1
30 ( )( ) (0.6 ) (100 5) = (1947.8 )
15 60

= .

69. At P4.50 per kw-hr, how much will it cost to maintain a temperature of 100F for 48 hours in a box 2.5 ft2 on
each side if the outside temperature is 75F and the overall heat transfer coefficient for the box is 0.1 Btu/hr-ft2-
F.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= 2.5 2.5 6 = 37.5 2

= (0.1 )(37.5)(100 75)
2

1.055 1
= 93.75 48 = 1.319
3600

4.50
= 1.319

= .

70. A tank containing liquid nitrogen at -115C is suspended in a vacuum shell by three stainless steel rods 1 cm
in diameter and 4 meters long with a thermal conductivity of 18.3 W/m-C. If the ambient air outside the vacuum
shell is 30C, calculate the magnitude of the conductive heat flow in watts along the support rods.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

=

= 18.3( (0.01)2 (30 (115))
4

= .
71. What is the rate of heat flow through a brick wall that is constructed 35 cm thick and 5m x 6m in area. The
temperature on one side is 190C and 55C on the other side. The average coefficient of thermal conductivity is
equal to 0.85 W/m-k.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

=


(0.80 ) (56)2 (190 55)
=
0.35

= . .

72. The mass flow rate of a Freon refrigerant through a heat exchanger is 15 kg/min. The enthalpy of entry of
Freon is 255 kJ/kg, and the enthalpy of exit Freon is 70 kJ/kg. Water coolant is allowed to rise 10C. Determine
the water flow rate in kg/s.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= (1 2 )

(4.187 ) (10) = 15 (255 70)

1
= 66.28
60

= .

73. A quantity of 75 m3 of water passes through a heat exchanger and absorbs 3000 MJ. The exit temperature is
100C. Find the entrance water temperature in C.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

= = (2 1 )

3,000,000 = 753 (1000 ) (4.187 ) (100 1 )
3

= .

74. The heat loss per hour through 5 m3 of furnace wall that is 80 cm thick is 1300 W. The inside wall temperature
is 1000C, and its average thermal conductivity is 0.65 W/m-C. Find the outside surface temperature of the wall
in C.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

2
(2 1 ) 0.65 (5 )(1000 2 )
= = = 1300
0.80

=
75. What is the critical radius in cm for an insulated pipe (k=0.40 W/m-K) if the external heat transfer coefficient
is 15 W/m2K.
Source: Power and Industrial Plant engineering reviewer 2nd edition by JAS TORDILLO

=


0.40
= = 0.027

15 2

= .

76. A boiler evaporates 4.6 kg of water per kg of coal into dry saturated steam at 11 bar. The temperature of feed
water is 32C. Find the equivalent evaporation from and at 100C.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

= 4.6 ; = 11 ; 1 = 32

100:
, 32,
= 134.15 /
11 ,
= = 2781.7 /
( ) = 4.6(2781.7 134.15)
=
2257

= .

77. From problem number 76, determine the factor of evaporation.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

(2781.7 134.15)
=
2257

= .

78. The following observations were made in a boiler trial:

Coal used 260 kg of calorific value 30 800 kJ/kg, water evaporated 2500 kg, steam pressure 12 bar, dryness
fraction of steam 0.97 and feed water temperature 35C. Calculate the equivalent evaporation from and at 100C
per kg of coal.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi
100:
, 35,
= 146.68 /
12 ,
= 798.65 ; = 1986.2
= + = 798.65 + 0.97 1986.2 = 2685.54 /
 :
2500
= = = 9.62
260

( ) 9.62(2685.54 146.68)
= =
2257 2257

= .

79. From problem number 78, determine the efficiency of the boiler.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

( )
=

9.62(2685.54 146.68)
=
30,800

= . . %

80. A Lancashire boiler generates 2500 kg of dry steam per hour at a pressure of 12 bar. The grate area is 4 m 2
and 100 kg of coal is burnt per m2 of grate area per hour. The calorific value of the coal is 33 580 kJ/kg and the
temperature of feed water is 19C. Determine actual evaporation per kg of coal.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

Mass of coal burnt per hour:

= 100 4 = 400 /

Actual evaporation per kg of coal:

2500
= = .
400

81. From problem number 80, determine the Equivalent evaporation from and at 100C
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

, 19,
= 79.77 /
12 ,
= = 2784.8

( ) 6.25(2784.8 79.77)
= =
2257 2257

= . /
82. From problem number 80, determine the efficiency of the boiler.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

( )
=

6.25(2784.8 79.77)
=
33580

= . . %

83. A coal fired boiler plant consumes 450 kg of coal per hour. The boiler evaporates 3400 kg of water at 45C
into superheated steam at a pressure of 12 bar and 275C. If the calorific value of fuel is 33760 kJ/kg of coal,
determine the equivalent evaporation from and at 100C.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

3400
= = = 7.56
450

, 45,

= 188.45

12 ,

= 2784.8 = 188
2.1
= + ( ) = 2784.8 + (275 188) = 2967.5

( ) 7.56(2967.5 188.45)
= =
2257 2257

= .

84. From problem number 83, determine the efficiency of the boiler.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

( )
=

7.56(2967.5 188.45)
=
33760

= . . %
85. The following observations were made on a boiler plant during one hour test:
Steam pressure = 22 bar; Steam temperature = 270C; steam generated = 38 500kg; Temperature of water entering
the economizer = 17C; temperature of water leaving the economizer = 95C; Fuel used = 4500 kg; Energy of
combustion of fuel = 31 500 kJ/kg. Calculate the equivalent evaporation per kg of fuel.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

38500
= = = 8.56
4500

, @15 = 63 /

22 ; = 2801.3 / = 217.29

= + ( ) = 2807.3 + 2.1(270 217.29) = 2917.99

( ) 8.56(2917.99 63)
= =
2257 2257

= .

86. From problem number 85, determine the thermal efficiency of the plant.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

( )
=

8.56(2917.99 63)
=
31500

= . . %

87. From problem number 85, determine the heat energy of the fuel utilized by the economizer.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

, 90

2 = 397.96

:

= (2 1 ) = 8.56(397.96 63) = 2867.26

2867.26
= = 0.0910 . %
31500
88. A boiler produces 4 kg of steam per kg of coal from feed water at 45C. The steam pressure is 10 bar. If the
dryness fraction of steam is 0.98, determine the equivalent evaporation from and at 100C.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

( )
=
2257

@45 = 188.45

= +

@10 , = 762.81 = 2015.3

= 762.81 + (0.98)(2015.3) = 2737.8

4(2737.8 188.45)
=
2257

= .

89. A boiler raises 3.7 kg of water per kg of coal from feed water at 54.5C, to steam at the pressure 34 bar and
temperature of 370C. Assuming specific heat of superheated steam as 2.6, calculate equivalent evaporation/kg
coal.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

@54.5 = 228.135


@34 = 2803.7 = 240.94


= + ( ) = 2803.7 + 2.6(370 240.94) = 3138.56

( ) 3.7(3138.56 228.135)
= =
2257 2257

= .
90. In a boiler trial, the following observations were recorded: Boiler pressure = 10 bar; Dryness fraction of
steam=0.95; Coal consumption = 500 kg/h; Calorific value of coal = 30,500 kJ/kg; feed water temperature=50C;
feed water supplied=4 tonnes/h. Find the evaporation factor.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

= 4 (1000 ) = 4000

4000
= = =8
500

1 @50 = 209.33


@10 (1): = 762.81 = 2015.3

= 762.81 + 0.95(2015.3) = 2677.35

(2677.35 209.33)
=
2257

= .

91. From problem number 91, determine the equivalent evaporation from and at 100C.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

( )
=
2257
8(2677.35 209.33)
=
2257

= .

92. A boiler produces 9000 kg of steam while 1 tonne of coal is burnt. The steam is produced at 10 bar from water
at 15C. The dryness fraction of steam is 0.9. Determine the equivalent evaporation from and at 100C.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

9000
= = =9
1000

@15 = 62.99

@10 : = 2015.3 = 762.81


= + = 762.81 + 0.9(2015.3) = 2576.58

 ( ) 9(2576.58 62.99)
= =
2257 2257

= .

93. From problem number 92, determine the efficiency of the boiler when the calorific value of the coal is 32,000
kJ/kg.
Source: A Textbook of Thermal Engineering by J.K. Gupta and R.S. Khurmi

( )
=

9(2576.58 62.99)
=
32,000

= . . %

94. In a laboratory experiment, a sample of wet steam is allowed to pass through a separating calorimeter. At
some instant, the water collected in the chamber was 0.15 kg whereas the condensed steam was found to be 1.35.
Determine the dryness fraction of steam entering the calorimeter.
Source: Formation and Properties of steam PDF

For a separating calorimeter,

1.35
, = =
+ 1.35 + 0.15

= . %

95. In a throttling calorimeter, the steam is admitted at a pressure of 11 bars. If it is discharged at atmospheric
pressure and 115C after throttling, determine the dryness fraction of steam. Assume specific heat of steam as 2.1
kJ/kgK
Source: Formation and Properties of steam PDF

For a throttling calorimeter:

+ 1 = 2 + ( 2 )

, @ 11 = 781.34


= 2000.4

1.013 (),

2 = 2676 2 = 100

781.34 + (2000.4) = 2676 + 2.1(115 100)

= . . %
96. An investment of P300 000 can be made in a project that will produce a uniform annual revenue of P195,400
for 5 years and then have a salvage value of 12% of the investment. Out-of-pocket costs for operation and
maintenance will be P85 000 per year. Taxes and insurance will be 5% of the first cost per year. The company
expects capital to earn not less than 27% before income taxes. Is this a desirable investment? Use Rate of return
method.
Source: Engineering Economy 3rd edition by Hipolito B. Sta. Maria

= 195 400
:
300 000 36000 264 000
= = = 30 939.69
(1.27)5 1
, 27%, 5 ( )
0.27
= 85 000
= (0.05)(300 000) = 15 000
= 130 939.69
= 64 460.31
64 460.31
= = = 0.2148 . %
300 000

%, .

97. Repeat Problem 88 using the annual worth method.

Source: Engineering Economy 3rd edition by Hipolito B. Sta. Maria

= 195 400
:
300 000 36000 264 000
= = = 30 939.69
(1.27)5 1
, 27%, 5 ( )
0.27
= 85 000
= (0.05)(300 000) = 15 000
= (0.27)(300 000) = 81 000
= 211 939.69
= .

, (16539.69),
.

98. Repeat problem 88 using the Present worth method.

Source: Engineering Economy 3rd edition by Hipolito B. Sta. Maria

= 195 400 ( , 27%, 5) + 36 000( , 27%, 5)

1 (1.27)5
= 195 400 ( ) + 36 000(1.27)5
0.27
= .
 ( ) = 85 000 + 300 000(0.05) = 100 000

= 300 000 + 100 000(( , 27%, 5)

1 (1.27)5
= 300 000 + 100 000 ( )
0.27
= .

> ; .

99. Repeat problem 88 using the future worth method.

Source: Engineering Economy 3rd edition by Hipolito B. Sta. Maria

= 36 000 + 195 400 ( , 27%, 5)

1.275 1
= 36 000 + 195 400 ( )
0.27
= 1 703 295.33

= 100 000 ( , 27%, 5) + 300 000 ( , 27%, 5)

1.275 1
= 100 000 ( ) + 300 000(1.25)5
0.27
= 1 768 800.29

> ; .

100. An engineer is considering building a 25-unit apartment in a place near a progressive commercial center. He
felt that because of the location of the apartment it will be occupied at all time. He desires a rate of return of 22%.
Other pertinent data are the following:
Source: Engineering Economy 3rd edition by Hipolito B. Sta. Maria

= 5 500 000
= 7 300 000
= 20
20 = 20 150 000
20 = 2 100 000
= 8 000
= 800
= 1.3%
= 0.55%

Is this a good investment?

By ROR method:

= (8000)(12)(25)(0.90) = 2 160 000

 20 150 000 5 500 000 14 650 000 14 650 000
= = = = 61 557.4
1.2220 1 237.99
, 22%, 20 ( )
0.22

= 2 221 557.4

7 300 000 2 100 000 5 200 000

= = = 21 849
1.2220 1
, 22%, 20 ( )
0.22
= 800(25) = 20 000
= (7 300 000 + 5 500 000)(0.013) = 166 400
= 7 300 000(0.0055) = 40 150

= 248 399
= 2 221 557.4 248 399 = 1 973 158.4
1 973 158.4
= = 0.1542 15.42%
12 800 000

15.42% < 22%; .

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