27 7 V o.l 27 No.

7
2 0 0 6 7 TRANSACT IONS OF THE CH INA W ELD ING IN ST ITUT ION Ju ly 2 00 6

D6A+ 20
, , ,
( , 621900)

: D 6A + 20 ,
, , ,

20, D 6A 20,
, 20
, ,
: ; ; ; ;
: TG1151 28 : A : 0253- 360X ( 2006) 07- 093- 04

0 , V ,
, , ,
1, D6A 20
30 mm D6A
, D6A ,
,
, , 20
,
,
20,

,
, , H 1Cr24N i1 3
MAG , A r+ CO2

GB3323) 1987 II
,

, ,
,
20
, ,

1
F ig. 1 P ro file o f au toma tic we ld ing seam
1
112
111
,
,
: ,
,
,
,
,

, ,
, [ 1, 2]

, ,
, ,
: 2005- 03- 21 ,
 94 27

, ,
, (
20; ) ,
( D6A 20 ,
) , D6A
,
20
, ,
20,
D6A, 1, 20 , 3,
, , , ;
D6A , 2 ,
, X
1
,
, ,
,

2
Fig. 2 X-ray tes ting position o fwe ld

( a)
,
, ,
,
,
[ 1~ 3]
,
[ 1]
fm in ,
2 /3
fm in /d\ 15T , ( 1)
: d X; T ( b)

, 3
; Fig. 3 Rad iog raph compa rison o fm anua l we ld ing and
/ 0 , D6A
[ 3]
autom a tic w e ld ing

,
, , , ,
, , ,

, ,
GB3323) 1987 AB ( ,
), , , ,
113 , ,
3, 20, 4
,
, , +
 7 , : D6A + 20 95

( a) ( b) ( c)

4
F ig. 4 Typ ica l cracks in robo t au toma tic we ld ing seam

, , , , C ( 3)
20, ,
, ,

,

,
, ,
[ 4~ 7]

2
D6A + 20,
,
, D6A , 300 e
[ 7, 8]
211
,
, 212
, 1, 20
: ( 1) C D6A ,
, D6A D6A ,
, D6A 20
( 2)
, C 20,
, D6A

1 20 D6A (, % )
Tab le 1 Ma in ly chem ic a l compositions and tensile streng th com parison of 20 stee l and D6A stee l
C Si Mn Cr Ni R m /M Pa

20 0. 17~ 0. 24 0. 17 ~ 0. 37 0. 35~ 0. 65 [ 0. 25 [ 0. 25 U 460

D 6A 0. 42~ 0. 48 0. 15 ~ 0. 35 0. 60~ 0. 90 0. 90~ 1. 20 0. 40 ~ 0. 70 \ 1 300

, , 20
, ,
, 20
( 1) 1, , ,
20 D6A 20 ( )
, ,
, 40 s, ( 2) D6A + 20 +
) ) , ,
) , ,
[ 4]
,
, 20 ( 3) V ,
 96 27

,
,
3
,
,
[ 5] ( 1) ,
,
, ,

( 2) D6A + 20 MAG

( 4) , , ,
20
,
, ( 3) 20

, , D6A 20
, D6A
,
, , 20

[ 8]

, D6A + 20 ( 4) , ,

, , 20
:
,
[ 1] . [ M ] . :
,
, 1997.
[ 2] . ( ) [ M ] . ,
213 . : , 1996.
, , [ 3] . [ J] . , 1999, 21

, ( 11 ): 486- 490.
[ 4] , , . [ M ] .
,
: , 2004.
, , [ 5] . ZG 15C r1M o1V + F12
, [ J] . , 1989, 11 ( 11) : 303 - 305, 325.
, [ 6] . [ J] . )

, 2 , 1988, 24( 1) : 52- 53.

[ 7] , , .
[ J] . , 1997, 19 ( 2) : 17- 20.
2
[ 8] , . [ M ]. :
Tab le 2 Crack sta tus compa rison o f p rocedu re changed
, 1999.
fore-and-a ftwe ld

: , , 1971 10,
(% )
, 2 , 1 ,
150 40 26. 7
10
84 6 7. 1
Em a i:l m y w zy@ 163. com
 2006, V o.l 27, N o. 7 TRAN SACT ION S O F TH E CH INA W ELD ING INST ITUT ION
energy in laser deep penetration w elding and w e ld penetration in-
creases linear ly w ith the increas ing o f we ld ing volum e energy
K ey word s: laser deep penetration w e lding; w elding vo-l
um e ene rgy; w e ld pene tration
O b servation and analysis of m eta l tran sfer phenom ena for
flux-cored electrodes in CO2 arc we ld in g W ANG B ao1 ,
1 2
YANG L in , WANG Y ong ( 1. T ra in ing Center of W e ld ing Con-
sum ab les T echno logy, N o rth U n ive rsity of Ch ina, T aiyuan
030051, Ch ina; 2. Institute of W e ld ing M a terials, T a iyuan U n-i
versity o f T echno logy, T a iyuan 030024, Ch ina). p77- 80
Abstrac t: M eta l transfer behav io rs of flux-cored w ire in CO2
arc w e lding have a direct effec t on the usability of flux-cored e lec-
trodes. U sing high speed pho tog raphy and ANALYSATOR HAN-
NOVER, m etal transfer m odes o f flux- co red w ire w ere observed
and analyzed. The reseach resu lts are confirm ed. W ith the chang e
o fw e ld ing param eters, the m e tal transfer of flux-cored w ire can be
ca lssified in to g lobular repelled transfer, surface tension transfer
and sm a ll droplet transfe r. For g lobular repelled transfer, due to
the long er stop of big droplet in the end o fw ire, phenomena o f ex-
p losive spatte r from droplet and spatter ow ing to strong gas escape
etc obv iously appear. Surface tension transfe r lies betw een g lobu-
lar repe lled transfer and sm a ll drop le t transfer. Sm a ll droplet
transfer is the best transfor mode o f flux-cored cleetrode because of
stable we ld ing process, little spettering, good w eld appearance
good and h igh produefin ity. F or sm all drop let transfe r, the slag
co lumn has a gu id ing effect on the m eta l transfer.
K ey word s: CO 2 arc w e lding; me tal transfer; w e lding arc
physics
Character istis and sorting m ethod of equa l strength m atched
welded join t CAO Le i1, SUN Q ian2 , ZONG P ei1, FAN
M ing-q 2i ( 1. N aval U n iversity o f Eng inee ring, W uhan 430033,
Ch ina; 2. BOHA I Sh ipyard, Hu ludao 125004, L iaon ing, Ch-i
na). p81- 84
Abstrac t: T he d istribution of streng th m atching coe fficient
for 10N i5CrM oV stee lw e lded jo int had been investigated by us ing
the M onte Ca rlo m e thod and the so rting me thod of equalm atch ing
form had been pu t forw ard. The result shows tha t the equa lm atch-
ing charac teristic of 10N i5C rM oV steel we lded jo int is prom inent.
T he probability o f equalm atch ing is 48. 11% , as w ell as, that of
underm atching and overm atching are 47. 55% and 4. 34% , re-
spectively. T he m ean-va lue o f streng th m atching coe ffic ient is
nearly higher than its lowe r lim it, w hich is 0. 955. M oreove r, the
streng th standard dev iation of the base m eta l is h igher, w hich is a-
bout 54% mo re than that o fw e ld m eta ,l wh ich is the ma in reason
tha t the streng th m atching coeffic ient standa rd dev ia tion is fa ir ly
h igher. F urtherm ore, the probab ility is up to 2. 96% , where
streng th m atch ing coe ffic ient is low er than 0. 86, it m ay also be
the m ain reason that the co ld crack appears in we lded jo int.
K ey word s: w elded jo int; streng th m atch; strength d istr-i
bution; so rting; statistics
Deve lopm ent of arc sen sor for short circu it tran sition
YAO H e- qing, L IU Bo, L I CHUN-yan, ZHU L ing ( Co llege o f
M echan ica l& E lectrical Eng inee ring, H oha i U n iversity, Chang-
zhou 213022, Jiang su, China) . p85- 88
Abstract: U nder the condition of sho rt c ircuit transition o f
CO2 sh ie lded we ld ing o r m eta l ac tive-gas w e ld ing, current and
vo ltage signa ls a lw ay s change frequently. It is d ifficult to estim a te
the torch o ffse t by the transient signals when the torch sw ings, so
the sw ing ing currents o f two sides were discrete ly integ ra ted and
the two integ ra lw ere com pared to recognize position erro r signa l o f
torch. The problem of centering o f torch can be effic iently solved.
A s there a re m any factorsw hich can influence the d ifference o f in-
tegrals and the regularity o f influence is com plex, it is d ifficu lt to
establish an ideal ma them a tic m ode l of contro.l T he sel-
f adaptive
fuzzy control m ethod w as used. T he developed seasor can ach ieve
good effect in trac ing contro .l
K ey words: seam tracking; arc sensor; compar ison be-
tween two integ ra ls o f discrete current; se l-
f adaptive fuzzy contro l
Re lation sh ip be tw een therm al expan sion coeff ic ien t of slag
and com ponents of agglom erat ive f lux SU I Shao-hua,
W ANG G ang, ZHAO H ong-yun, H EW en-x iong( Co lleg e o fM a te-
ria l Science and Eng ineer ing, H arb in Institute o f T echno logy,
W e iha i 264209, Shandong, Ch ina). p89- 92
Abstract: Based on mu lt-i factor m ix ture experim enta l de-
signs, A l2 O 3 - C aO - CaF2 system agg lom era tive flux es w ith h igh
toughness were inv estig ated, and the therm al expansion coe ff-i
cien ts o f slag w ere determ ined. The com plex interaction regular ity
am ong seven com ponents in agg lom erative flux on the therm a l ex-
pansion coe fficients of slag w as studied. The re la tion betw een
the rm al expansion coeffic ients o f slag and detachability w as d is-
cussed and the quantata tine reg ression equa tion of therma l expan-
sion coe fficien t w ith flux components w as deve loped. R esults
show ed that the addition of Z rO2 has a sign ificant effect on the
the rm al expansion coefficients of slag. W hen Z rO2 > 10% , ther-
m a l expansion coeffic ients increase gradua lly w ith the add ition o f
Z rO2 , bu t the m utua l action of a sma ll am ount o f ZrO2 w ith M gO
- CaF2 can cause a decrease in therma l expansion coeffic ient.
Furthermo re, the ra tio o f M gO /C aF2 is im portan t to contro l the
the rm al expansion coe fficien ts o f slag, when it is c lo se to 1, the
the rm al expansion coe fficien t decreases g reatly.
K ey word s: therm al expans ion coeffic ient; detachability;
m ult-
i com ponents m ixture reg ression m ode;l s lag; subme rged arc
w e ld ing
X-ray test of D6A+ 20 steel we ld by au tom atic w eld ing and a-
na lysis on m echan ism of crack in itiation W ANG Z eng-
yong, XU Y an- lin, SUN Chao-m ing, L IU Zun-we i( Institute o f
M echan ica lM anufactu ring T echno logy, CAEP, M ianyang 621900,
 M A IN TOP ICS, A BSTRACTS & KEY W ORDS
S ichuan, China) . p93- 96
Abstrac t: To eva luate the w elding qua lity o f the d issim ilar
m eta ls of D 6A and 20 stee ls by robot autom atic we ld ing w ith X-ray
test, the testing pro cesses we re arranged reasonably acco rding to
the w e lding structure, and h igh quality testing on the e lliptic mu-l
ti-
l layer we lds and accurate characteration o f flaw s we re ach ieved
by elim ating d isturbance o fw e ld appearance. The form ation m ech-
an ism of cracks at the root o f 20 steel w ith good we ldability w as
analyzed. It can be attr ibuted to g reat d ifference o f th ickness and
tensile streng th be tw een the tw o k inds o f stee ls, wh ich leads to the
cracks a long bond line at the roo t of 20 stee l by we ld ing stress and
tensile stress. A ccord ing to the analyzed resu lts, w e ld ing pro ce-
dure w as im proved and cracks w ere restra ined e ffectively.
K ey w ords: dissim ila r m eta;l autom a tic w elding; we ld;
X- ray test; w elding crack
Character istic param eter of dynam ic resistance for sp lash in
resistance spot w elding low carbon stee l W ANG K a,i L I
D ong-q ing, ZHANG Zhong-d ian, L I Shuang- shuang ( State K ey
Labo ra tory of A dvanced W e ld ing P roduc tion T echno logy, H a rb in
Institute o f T echno logy, H arbin 150001, Ch ina) . p97- 100
Abstrac t: A k ind o f dynam ic data acqu isition sy stem that
aim at the production of plant w as deve loped to aqu ire and ana lyse
the character o f sp lash in resistance spo rt we ld ing ( RSW )
process. T h is system w as used in the laboratory circum stance to
acqu ire the data of R SW. The character istics of dynam ic resis-
t program s can be produced efficien tly,
ance curve ( DRC) w ere annlysed w ith the in fluemes of the w eld-
ing current, e lectrode pressure, the surface state of wo rkp iece and
the short m arg in d istance on the splash. The result shows tha t the
form s o f DRC and the change ratio curve, the peak va lue, the
tim e of reach ing at and stay ing at the peak, and the drop degree of
the peak are different. There are som e k inds o f sudden change in
d ifferen t stage o f the DRC. T he earlie r stage is mo re ev ident than
the latter. Cha racte ristic param ete r o f dynam ic resistance fo r
splash in resistance spo tw elding low carbon steel to some extent is
re flected by the sudden change o f DRC and its change ratio.
K ey words: low carbon stee ;l resistance spot w elding;
splash; sing le ch ip m icyoco
N um er ical sim u lation of temperature fie ld in p lasm a spray ing
1
on polymer m atr ix composite sub strate CH ENG Sh-i jie ,
GAO Jia-shuang2, L IU A -
i guo2, ZHAO M in-ha i2 ( 1. Compu ter
Cen ter, H arbin U niversity o f Sc ience and T echnology, H a rb in
150080, Ch ina; 2. S tate K ey L aborato ry of A dvanced W e ld ing
P roduction T echno logy, H arb in Institute o f T echno logy, H a rb in
150001, Ch ina). p101- 104
Abstract: M e tal coating was made on polym er m atr ix com-
posite substrate by plasm a spray ing, and coating m ater ia l was A ,l
Cu, Zn and N .i N um erica l sim ulation was made w ith AN SY S so f-
t and chang ing electrode in the practica l production process.
w are. The research included the tem perature change o f substra te
when coating m ater ia l w as d ifferent, and the tempera ture field of
2006, V o .l 27, N o. 7
substrate and coa ting after spray ing. T he reason w ere found that the
polym er whose the heat-resistant temperature is low is not be ox-i
d ized and burntw hen coating mater ial is A l or Zn, but the interface
o f po lyme r w ill be ox idized and burnt when coating me terial is N i or
Cu.
K ey words: po lym er m atrix composite; plasma spray ing;
m eta l co ating; num er ica l sim ulation
H ybrid programm ing lan guage for arc we ld ing robot
ZHANG L ian-x in, GAO H ong-m ing, ZHANG Guang- jun, WU
L in( S tate K ey L aboratory o f A dvanced W elding P roduction T ech-
no logy, H arb in Institute of T echno logy, H arb in 150001, Ch ina).
p105- 108, 112
Abstract: O n the base of analysing character istics and
components o f robo t languages, hybr id arc w e ld ing robot language
(HAW RL ) was presented. Besides the sequen tia,l conditiona,l
itera tive and subrou tine functions that som e norm a l com puter pro-
g ramm ing languages needed, HAW RL has som e functions abou t
m otion contro l and we ld ing o f robot, w hich is neccessary for arc
w e ld ing robot. In orde r to im plem en t these functions, m ethod o f
expressing data, comm ands se t and variab les are des igned and a
new prog ram structure, w hich separa tes da ta from prog ram, was
presented. And then, HAWR L have the adv antages of the sim p le-
ness and conven ience like the robo t- leve l language and h igh e ff-i
ciency like the task- level languages. R esult show that the robo t
qu ick ly and eas ily by
HAWR L and can be executed co rrectly. A t the sam e tim e, it pro-
v ides the genera l inte rface for robot to connect other ex terna l de-
v ices.
K ey words: robo t language; robo t prog ramm ing; arc w eld-
ing robo t
Forecast of e lec trode life in spot we ld in g of galvan ized steel
sheet W ANG L u, Q IAN Jing- feng, W ANG M in ( Schoo l o f
M ater ia ls Sc ience and Eng ineer ing, Shangha i Jiao tong U n iversity,
Shangha i 200030, Ch ina). p109- 112
Abstract: T he e lec trode life is forecasted by com par ing
continuous spo t w elding experim ent resu lt w ith num erical sim u la-
tion. T he increasing rule o f electrode diam ete r w ith the increase o f
the number o f w e ld ing spo ts can be obta ined by continuous spo t
w e ld ing o f ga lvan ized steel shee t, and the re la tive nugge t d iam eter
can be com puted through ANSY S w ith d ifferen t e lectrode tip d iam-
eters. So the relationsh ip between the number o fw elding spo ts and
nugget d iam eter can be defined by synthesizing the exper im ent and
the sim ulation. Based on the de finition o f the cr itica l nugge t d iam-
eter, it is possib le to fo recast the e lectrode life. The resu lt shows
tha t the error between two m e thods is no m ore than 15% . So it
can bring som e m ean ingful effect to de fine the tim e for repa ir ing
K ey words: resistance spot w elding; e lectrode life; ga lv a-
n ized stee l sheet