What Is It?

An intrauterine device (IUD or coil) is a small contraceptive device,

often 'T'-shaped, often containing either copper or levonorgestrel,
which is inserted into the uterus. They are one form of long-acting
reversible contraception which are the most effective types of
reversible birth control.

How Does It Work?

Both the copper and hormonal IUDs work mainly by affecting the way
sperm move so they can't join with an egg. If sperm cannot join with an
egg, pregnancy cannot happen.

For some women, hormonal IUDs may prevent the egg from leaving the
ovary. Pregnancy cannot happen if there is no egg to join with
sperm. Progestin also prevents pregnancy by thickening a
woman's cervical mucus. The mucus blocks sperm and keeps it from
joining with an egg.

The IUD is inserted into the uterine cavity by a health care provider,
usually during menstruation when it is easier to insert. The string at
the end of the IUD will hang down through the cervix a short distance
into the vagina and should be checked periodically (especially after

DISADVANTAGES

You may have

mild to moderate pain when the IUD is put in

cramping or backache for a few days
spotting between periods in the first 36 months
irregular periods in the first 36 months with Mirena or Skyla
heavier periods and worse menstrual cramps

DISADVANTAGES
Long acting - can stay in place for three or more years.
Reversible - possible to get pregnant as soon as the IUD is
removed.
Very effective at least 99%.
Can be easily removed (by any doctor or Family Planning
nurse) if you dont like it or want to get pregnant.
Does not affect breastfeeding.
Does not interfere with sexual intercourse.
No-one else needs to know you are using it.
No evidence of an increased risk of cancer.
Copper IUDs do not contain any hormones.
Copper IUDs can also be used to prevent pregnancy after
unprotected sexual intercourse (emergency contraception).
Hormone IUDs release a very small dose of hormone and most
women have no side effects from this.
Mirena reduces period bleeding and pain so most women will
have light bleeding or no periods at all.