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4.0 Metallography:
Metallography is the study of the internal structure of metals and alloys under
microscope at different magnifications. Useful information on grain size, shape and
distribution and on percentage of various micro constituents can be achieved by this.
There are two types of metallographic examinations. They are
1. Macro examination, where the specimens are observed by naked eye or at low
magnification (5X).
2. Micro examination, where small areas of specimen are observed at high
magnifications. (50-2000X)
soaked in water and sprinkled with slurry of alumina or calciend magnesia. Once a
scratch free mirror like surface is obtained, the specimen is taken for etching. Only
after etching the internal structure will become apparent under a microscope. This is
since the effect of etchant differs from phase to phase. Grain boundaries are attacked
more easily and at a faster rate. There fore they look as thin dark lines in the structure.
After etching the components are washed in running water and then dried in hot air.