14.

ADJETIVOS Y PRONOMBRES POSESIVOS

Possessive adjectives and pronouns

(posesiv adyectivs and pronouns)
(adjetivos y pronombres posesivos).
possessive adjectives:
my (mai) (mi...).
your (iur) (tu...).
his (jis) (su... "de el").
her (jer) (su... "de ella").
its (its) (su... "de una cosa o un animal").

our (aur) (nuestro / a).

your (iur) (su... "de ustedes").
their (deir) (su... "de ellos").

Primeramente veremos los "possessive adjectives":

Los adjetivos posesivos son adjetivos porque van antes del sustantivo y son
posesivos porque expresan posesin, se pueden utilizar con sustantivos en
singular y plural, pero la frase debe de tener sentido:
Ex:
My car (mai car) (mi carro).
My house (mai jaus) (mi casa).
Your fruits (iur fruts) (tus frutas) =implica que muchas frutas son tuyas.
Their t.v. (su t. V. "de ellos") = implica que una sola t. V. Es de todos ellos.
Our pen (aur pen) (nuestro lapicero) = implica que un solo lapicero es de
todos nosotros.
His pencil (jis pencil) (su lpiz "de el").
Her mirrow (jer miwrou) (su espejo "de ella")
The "subject pronouns" and the "possessive adjectives" with "to be":
My name is omar. = en esta oracin, "my" es un adjetivo posesivo, pero la frase
"my name" se puede sustituir por su correspondiente "pronombre del sujeto o
persona". "my name = it", porque "mi nombre" es una cosa y una cosa se representa
por "it",
as que es lo mismo decir "it is my name = es mi nombre", que decir "my name
is omar = mi nombre es omar".

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Otros ejemplos en affirmative (afirmativ) (afirmativo); negative (negativ)
(negativo) and interrogative (interrogativ) (interrogativo):

Your friend paul is my friend = he is my friend.

Their names are victor and valentin = they are victor and
valentin. Are denis and you my students? = are you my
students?.
Edgar, faustino and I are friends = we are friends.
The cat, the chair and the boy arenot here = they arenot
here. Is Elizabeth your sister? = is she your sister?.
Their names are beautiful = they are
beautiful. (deir neims ar biutiful)
(sus nombres son hermosos)

His book is interesting = it is interesting.

(jis buk is intristing)
(su libro es interesante)

Our name is jose = it is jose.

Adems de expresar posesin con los "possessive adjectives", tambin se

puede expresar posesin con "of (ov) (de)".

Con los adjetivos posesivos:

This is its food
(dis is its fud)
(esta es su comida..."de un perro") (e
perro)

Como puede observar en el ejemplo de la izquierda, "food" esta

despus del "adjetivo posesivo", y en el ejemplo de la derecha, "food"
esta antes de "of".
Otros ejemplos:
This is its food = this food is of my dog.
Manuel is the name of my father.
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Monica is the name of his sister.

Hay otra manera mas simplificada de expresar posesin aparte de "of", es "
s ", pero la estructura de la oracin cambia:
Ex:
con "of":

This is the name of my father

=(nombre) (la persona)
(sustantivo) (dueo / a de)

Otros ejemplos:

My father s name is Manuel.

This is the food of my dog = this is my dog s food = this food is my dog s.

Her friend is big = Mary s friend is big = the friend of Mary is big.
Their house is nice = the Sanchez s house is nice = the house of the Sanchez is
nice.

El plural de " s " es = " s ":

Their house is big = the house of my friends is big = my friends s house is big =
esta oracin se simplifica para no volver a repetir la "s" = my friends house is big.

Possessive pronouns = son palabras que expresan las posesiones de las personas.
Ex:
my house is this = this house is mine.
(mai jaus is dis) (dis jaus is main)
(mi casa es esta) (esta casa es ma)

Los pronombres posesivos tambin se pueden sustituir por sustantivos en singular

y en plural, pero por lo regular casi siempre van en el predicado de una oracin:
Ex:
usando los adjetivos posesivos: usando lo this is my car.

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(dis is mai car)
(este es mi carro)
Note que "this car" = "it", por lo tanto: this car is mine = it is my car.
these are my cars =
(des ar mai cars)
(estos son mis carros) (e
Note tambin que "these cars" = they, por lo
tanto:
These cars are mine = they are mine.
This is your car = this car is yours.
This is its food = this is the food of my cat = this is my cat s food.
This is his house = this house is his = this house is Paul s.
This is her house = this house is hers = this house is Ana s.
This is your house = this house is yours = this house is Raul and yours.
This is their house = this house is theirs = this house is the Sanchezs.

En ocasiones, tambin se encontrara a "of" antes de un pronombre posesivo,

en tal caso, si se escribe pero no se traduce:
Ex:
This is my friend = this friend is mine = this is a friend of mine.
(este es un amigo mo)