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Points for Understanding

1.

1. Where and when were the two boys born?

In London, nearly five hundred years ago.

2. What were the two main differences between the baby boys?
One boy was rich, and everybody wanted him. The other boy was poor, and nobody wanted
him.

3. Where did Tom Canty live?

In a room of a small house in Offal Court, near London Bridge.

4. Describe John Canty.

He was poor. He did not work. He stole money. He often hit Tom and his sisters and made
them beg for money.

5. How did Father Andrew help Tom?

He helped him to read and write. He told him stories.

6. What did Tom dream about? Why?

Tom dreamt about being a prince because he was clever and he did not want to be poor.

2.
1. Who did Tom see inside the palace?
Prince Edward.

2. Why did the prince ask Tom to come in?

Because he felt sorry for Tom when the guard shouted at him, and because he was kind
and thought Tom looked tired and hungry.

3. Why did the prince and Tom swap clothes?

Because they liked the sound of each others life and wanted to pretend they were each other.

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4. What did the boys notice when they looked in the mirror?
They looked exactly the same.

5. Why did the prince get angry and go outside?

The prince saw the bruise on Toms hand. He wanted to find the guard who had hurt
Tom and shout at him about it.

6. Where did the prince put the gold object?

In a suit of armor.

7. What did the guard think the prince was? Why?

He thought he was a beggar boy because he was dressed in Toms rags.

3.

1. What building did the prince find? Why did he think the people there would help him?
The prince found Christs Hospital. He thought they would help him because his father, the
king, gave lots of money to the hospital.

2. Did the boys believe Edward was the prince?

No, they did not.

3. Why did the prince decide to give books to the boys?

The prince thought it would help them to become more kind.

4. Who did John Canty think the prince was?

He thought the prince was his son, Tom.

5. Where did John Canty take the prince?

He took him back home to Offal Court.

4.

1. What did Tom do that Lady Jane thought was strange?

He went down on his knees and said he was a pauper called Tom Canty.

2. Why was Tom frightened?

He thought the guards would come and put him in prison.

3. Why did the king ask Tom questions in different languages?

The king thought that Tom was mad, so he wanted to test him to find out if he was still
clever or if he was mad.

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4. Where did the king say Tom would have to go the following evening?
He had to go to the Great Banquet.

5.

1. Why were Mrs. Canty and Nan and Bet worried about the boy?
He did not recognize his home in Offal Court, he did not know his mother or his
sisters, and he said he was the Prince of Wales.

2. What did Mrs. Canty do to see if the boy was Tom Canty?
She woke him up in the middle of the night. She wanted to give him a surprise to see if he put
his hand in front of his face with his palm out.

3. Why did the Canty family run away?

John Canty had killed Father Andrew.

4. How di the prince feel at the end of the chapter? Why?

He felt angry because Tom Canty was in the palace pretending to be the prince.

6.

1. What was the job of the Servant of the Cup?

His job was to fill the princes cup.

2. Why didnt Tom eat the salad?

He did not know what it was, and he thought it did not look very nice to eat.

3. How did the Lord Protector help Tom?

He told Tom what a prince had to do.

4. Why did Tom laugh after dinner?

There were dancers and Tom liked the dancing. He was happy.

7.

1. Did the people outside the palace think Edward was a prince? Why?
No, they did not, because he was dressed in rags.

2. What did the people do to the prince?

At first they laughed at him, then they pushed and pulled him, then one person hit him.

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3. Who helped the prince?
A man called Miles Hendon helped him.

4. Why was the boys message so important?

His message was that King Henry was dead. This meant that Edward was the new king.

8.

1. What did Edward remember about his father?

Edward remembered his father was kind and played with him when he was a boy.

2. Does Miles think Edward is the king?

No.

3. Who does Miles want to marry?

He wants to marry his cousin, Lady Edith.

4. What did Miles ask Edward for?

He asked to sit down in front of the king.

5. Where do you think Edward is at the end of the chapter?

Possible answers: He ran away to the palace. He went to get food. John Canty has taken him.

9.

1. How did Tom say the palace could save money?

He said the palace was too big and there was too much food at the banquets.
The palace could be smaller and they could eat less food.

2. Why did Tom want to help the prisoners?

He thought they were like his sisters, Nan and Bet, and he felt sorry for them. He thought
it was terrible that people could go to prison forever, and never see their families again.

3. Did Tom think witches were real?

No, he did not. He did not believe that people could be witches.

4. What did the people in the palace Think of Tom after he spoke to the girls?
They thought it was possible he was not mad. They thought he could be very clever instead of
mad.
10.

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1. How did John Canty get Edward to leave Miless room?
He tricked him. He gave a boy some money to tell Edward that Miles was hurt and needed
help.

2. Who took the bag from the woman?

John Canty took the womans bag.

3. Why did the woman think Edward took the bag?

John Canty put the bag in Edwards hands and the woman saw Edward holding the bag.

4. What happened to people who stole animals?

They went to prison for a long time.

5. Why did the woman ask the judge to let Edward go?
She thought about her own son, the same age as Edward, and she was worried about him being
in prison forever.

6. What did the judge take?

He took the chicken.

11.

1. Why was Edward happy to go to Hendon Hall?

Edward was tired and hungry, and he thought he would be able to rest and have something
to eat there.

2. How did Miles feel when Hugh answered the door?

At first he was happy, but then he was surprised.

3. What reasons did Hugh give for not believing Miles?

Hugh said he had received a letter that told him Miles died when he was at war in France.
He said that Miles did not look like his brother.

4. Who married Lady Edith?

Hugh married Lady Edith.

5. How did Lady Edith feel when she saw Miles?

She was very sad. She was probably also frightened.

6. Where did Edward and Miles have to go at the end of the chapter?
To prison.
12.
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1. Why did Edward want to hear so many stories?
He wanted to learn about the terrible things that happened so that he would be able to help
people when he was king. He wanted to learn to become a good and kind king.

2. What did Mr. Andrews tell Miles about the letter?

He told Miles that he and some other people thought the letter was not real. He thought
Hugh had written the letter because he wanted Miles to be dead, and he wanted to marry
Lady Edith.

3. Why was Mr. Andrews frightened of Hugh?

Hugh was a very angry man, so he could probably hurt people if they told him he was wrong.
Mr. Andrews worked for Hugh, so he did not want to make him angry and lose his job.

4. What did Mr. Andrews say about the new king?

He said he would be crowned the following day. He said that some people thought he was mad,
but also that he was kind.

5. How did Mr. Andrews get Miles and Edward out of prison?
He gave the guard some money.

6. Why did Miles and Edward each want to go to London?

Miles wanted to speak to the new king and to ask him to help him get Hendon Hall back.
Edward wanted to tell everyone he was the real king and to stop Tom being crowned king.

7. Before the coronation, where was Tom and where was Edward?
Tom was inside the palace, asleep in a big, soft bed.
Edward was outside the palace, hungry and alone.

13.

1. Did anyone now think Tom was mad? Why?

No one thought Tom was mad now, because he behaved like a king. He was not frightened
and he told people what to do.

2. What did Tom like about being a king?

Tom like telling people what to do. He loved sleeping on the big, soft bed. He liked all of the
food and not being hungry. He liked having servants to do everything for him. He loved having
lots of rich clothes. He liked playing with Lady Jane and Lady Elizabeth.

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3. Did Tom want Edward, his mother and his sisters to come to the palace? Why?
No, he did not, because he did not want to go back to his old life and be a pauper again.

4. How did Tom forget about his worries?

He would buy a new coat or walk in the palace gardens.

14.

1. Who did Tom see in the crowd? Why did it upset him?
He saw his mother in the crowd. He was surprised and upset because she called out to him,
but he pretended he did not know who she was.

2. Why was Mrs. Canty sure that it was Tom in the carriage?
Because when he was surprised he put his hand up in front of his face, with the palm turned
out.

3. Why did the people become unhappy with their new king?
The king stopped smiling and waving at them, he stopped throwing money to them, and he
did not look as if he was enjoying the parade anymore. This made people think that he was
not kind or happy.

4. Why was the Lord Protector worried?

He was worried because he thought the king was mad again.

15.

1. Who was at the coronation in Westminster Abbey?

There were kings, queens, princes and princesses from all over Europe, and every lord, lady,
duke and earl in England.

2. Why did Tom feel so bad at the beginning of the chapter?

He was thinking about his mother.

3. What did the people in the abbey think Edward was?

They thought he was a pauper.

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4. Why did the Lord Protector ask Edward questions?
He saw the boys looked the same, and he thought they might be telling the truth that Tom was
really Tom Canty and that Edward was really Prince Edward. So he wanted to find out how
much Edward knew about his life at the palace and if he was really the prince.

5. How did tom help Edward to remember where the Great Seal was?
He told him about the day they met, when Tom came to the palace. He described everything
that happened to help Edward remember where he had put the seal.

16.

1. Where was Miles during the coronation?

Miles was waiting outside the palace at Whitehall, hoping to see the king.

2. How did the servant know he was Miles?

Edward had told the servants about Miles, described him to them and asked them to look for
him. The servant recognized Miles because he was tall and he was wearing old soldiers
clothes.

3. How did Miles feel when he saw Edward again?

He was very surprised.

4. Was Edward angry with Tom?

No, he was not. He was pleased that Tom had been good and kind when he was at the palace.

5. Why was Edward a good king?

He learnt a lot about kindness and about ordinary people when he was a pauper.
This made him a kind king. He listened to people and he helped them.

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 Exercises

Background Information
Choose the correct information to complete the sentences.

1. The write of The Prince and the Pauper was British / American.
2. Twain worked as a lawyer / journalist.
3. Twains first successful story was published in 1854 / 1865.
4. Twain was one of the first writers to work with a printer / typewriter.
5. Twain married and had two sons / daughters.
6. Twain died in 1904 / 1910.
7. When The Prince and the Pauper was first published, it was / was not popular.
8. King Henry VIII had only one son / daughter.
9. Edward became King of England when he was only nine / fifteen years old.
10. In 1547, around 30 percent of people in England were very poor / rich.

Multiple Choice
Tick the best answer.

1. What was Tom Canty frightened of?

a) His mother
b) His twin sister

c) His father and grandmother

2. Which of the following did Tom Canty NOT like doing?

a) Playing in the mud
b) Swimming in the river

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 c) Stealing money

d) Listening to stories of princes

3. What was the one small difference between Tom and Edward?
a) Their eyes were different.

b) Only one had a bruise on his hand.

c) They had different color hair.

d) One of them had a longer face.

4. What did the King ask Tom to see if he was mad?

a) Where is the Great Seal of England?

b) Where do you live?

c) Are you a pauper?
d) When is the Great Banquet?

5. What did the King want his son to do to stop his madness?
a) Go to the best doctor in England

b) Rest and play games

c) Leave the palace

d) Study more languages

6. What did the servants NOT do for Tom at lunch?

a) Put water in his cup
b) Cut his food into small pieces
c) Bring him water to wash his hands

d) Scratch his nose

7. What advice did the Lord Protector give to Tom?

a) Dont say please or thank you.

b) Cut your food into pieces yourself.

c) Be kind to the servants.
d) Bow to Lady Jane.

8. Which was NOT true of Miles?

a) He was in prison for seven years in France.
b) He had an angry, nasty brother.
c) His family lived in a big house.

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 d) He killed Father Andrew.

9. What happened when Edward and Miles visited Hendon Hall?

a) Hugh told the guards to take them to prison.

b) Hugh invited them into the house.

c) Lady Edith invited them into the house.

banquet bowed carriages coronation crown

guards royal palace sword servants
throne towers

d) Miless father was happy to see him.

10. How did Edward show that he was the real king?

a) He knew the Great Seal was in a suit of amour.

b) He knew the Great Seal was in his bedroom.

c) He knew what the Great Seal was.
d) He brought the Great Seal into Westminster Abbey.

Vocabulary: The life of a prince

Complete the gaps. Use each word in the box once.

1. The Prince was a member of the royal family.

2. He lived in a beautiful palace in Westminster with big windows and tall towers .
3. Guards stood at the gates of the Princes home to stop poor people from entering.
4. Rich people travelling in carriages entered the gates.
5. The Prince was looked after by servants . When the Prince passed, they bowed to him.
6. The Prince wore expensive clothes and carried a sword.
7. The King sat on a throne.
8. During a banquet , the Prince ate lots of food and did not say please or thank you.
9. After Henry the Eighth died, there was the coronation of the new King.
10. When they put the crown onto the Princes head, he became King.

Vocabulary: The life of a pauper

Complete each space with letters to make a word from the story.

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1. Tom Canty was born into a poor family.

2. He lived in a dark, dirty house in Offal Court. It was always noisy with people shouting and

arguing.

3. He lived with is father, mother, sisters and grandmother and they all wore rags.

4. His mother and father slept in a bed, but Tom slept on the floor.

5. Tom was frightened of his father because he often hit him.

6. His father asked him to steal money, but Tom did not want to be a thief.
Vocabulary: Crime
Choose the best answer a, b or c to complete the sentences.
1. John Canty told Tom to money.
a) stole b) steal c) thief

2. Father Andrew was by John Canty.

a) killed b) kill c) hit

3. A farmer was to prison for stealing food for his children.

a) sent b) gone c) put

4. The said, Give the chicken to the me and the boy wont go to prison.
a) prisoner b) judge c) prince

5. Stealing an animal was a serious .

a) criminal b) thief c) crime

6. Edward listened to the stories and wanted to learn from them.

a) guards b) prisoners c) judges

Grammar: Because
Match the sentence halves 1-8 with a-h.

1. Toms family did not want another baby c

2. Everyone thought the two girls were witches e
3. The Canty family had to run away a
4. Hugh wrote the letter about Miless death b
5. Edward and Miles got out of prison h
6. Toms mother knew Tom was her son d
7. Miles could always sit down in front of the King g
8. Edward was kinder, better king f
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a. because John Canty killed Father Andrew.
b. because he wanted to marry Lady Edith.
c. because they were very poor.
d. because he put his hand in front of his face with the palm out.
e. because they took off their shoes and a storm started.
f. because he learnt a lot as a pauper.
g. because he was his very good friend
h. because Mr. Andrews paid the guard.
Grammar: Negative Forms
Rewrite the sentence in the negative form to describe the life of Tom or Edward.

1. Edward was a Prince.

Tom was not a Prince.

2. Edward lived in a beautiful palace.

Tom did not live in a beautiful palace.

3. Tom wore rags.

Edward did not wear rags.

4. Edward had servants.

Tom did not have servants.

5. Toms family had to steal food.

Edwards family did not have to steal food.

6. Edward could speak French.

Tom couldnt/could not speak French.

7. Edward became the new King of England.

Tom did not become the new King of England.

Grammar: Making Comparisons

Rewrite the sentences using the word given. Keep the meaning the same.

1. Tom was not as rich as the Prince.

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 than
The Prince was richer than Tom.

2. The Prince ate more food than Tom.

less
Tom ate less food than the Prince.

3. The Prince had an easier life than Tom.

difficult
Tom had a more difficult life than the Prince.

4. Toms father was not as kind as his mother.

than
Toms mother was kinder than his father.

5. Toms house was dirtier than the palace.

than
The palace was cleaner than Toms house.

6. Father Andrew was a better man than John Canty.

than
John Canty was a worse man than Father Andrew.

Grammar: Making Questions

When Edward meets Tom, he asks him questions. Write questions for the answers given,
using you. The first one is an example.

1. Q: Who are you ?

A: Tom Canty.

2. Q: Where do you live ?

A: In Offal Court, near London Bridge.

3. Q: Do you like Offal Court? Why ?

A: Yes, I like Offal Court because I can play with my friends there.

4. Q: Are you hungry ?

A: Yes, Im hungry!

5. Q: Have you got any sisters (or brothers) ?

A: Yes, Ive got two sisters.

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6. Q: Who helps you to get dressed ?
A: No one helps me to get dressed. I get dressed myself.

7. Q: Why dont you like your grandmother ?

A: I dont like my grandmother because she hits me.

8. Q: Who is kind (in your family)? / What are your mother and sister like ?
A: My mother and sisters are kind.

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