59

*


*

*

.

*
.

*..




*


*
185 28F .

(02)27363567
(02)27363567
*
http:// www.ceci.org.tw
* BL3BL4
..

*-2 ..

Eric
 SARS

59

91
84 91
DTM() 92

272 DTM
58

1999 9 24 Space Imaging

IKONOS
2001 10 18 Digital Globe QuickBird()

FIDIC

90 7 13
41 ~

SRAS
BL3() BL4()
SARS BL3
BL4

A To A+

comment@ceci.org.tw

91
4

80


( 8084 )

8789
SEF(Standard Exchange Format)




(DTM) DTM

()
(GIS)
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DTM

1.






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58 (
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5.
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 272
(DTM)
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1/1000 DTM


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15
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6.

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2.
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90 89 260261

CNS
AASHTOASTM

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 (2)

(3)
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(.)

1.

(1)

(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
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(9)
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3. ()

4.
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()
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check list
()

()
1.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
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 (6)
2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
3.
(1)
(2) CBR MR
(3)
(4)
4.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
5.
5.


..

()
()
1.

(1) ASTM D2487 PtOH
OL
(2)

2.
(1)
(2)

()
 1.

2.
3.(
)

()
1.


2.

k CBR (ASTM D4429 2002
).
()
1.


.. ASTM AASHTO

2.

3.


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4.
ASTM
D1452 AASHTO T203
()
1. AASHTO
2. ASTM
 3. BS
4. CNS
5. DIN
6. JIS
7.
()


1.

2.

()



1. ()
2.
3.
4. ()
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
()

15
1
2
 1 ()


CNS ASTM AASHTO

(1) M57

(2) 5086 C136 T27



11776 D422 T88
(3) 5087 T89
D4318


5088 T90
(4) 5090 D854 T100


(5)(USCS)(AASHTO) D2487



12387 D3282 M145
(6)CBR () 12382 d1883 T193


(7)R 12383 D2844 T190


(8)MR (AIMS-10) T292


(9)() 11777 D698 T99


(10)() D1557 T180


(11)() D1556 T191


(12)() D2922 T238



D3017 T239
(13) pH D4792

2 ( )


CNS ASTM AASHTO

(1) D420 R13


(2) 5086 C117 T11



11776 C136 T27
(3) D422 T88


(4) 5087
D4318 T89


5088
(5)() 11777 D698 T99


(6)() D1557 T180


(7) D427


(8) T267


(9)CBR () 12382 D1883 T193


(10)K 12393 D1195 T222


(11)() D1556 T191


 ()
() 1
(1)(5)(9)(13) 2 (1)(8)(11)

1. ASTM D2166AASHTO T208
2. ASTM D3080AASHTO T236
3. ASTM D2435AASHTO T216
4.
(1) UUASTM 2850 Bishop & Henkel
(2) CUASTM D4767 Bishop & Henkel
(3) CDBishop & Henkel
()
3

3


CNS ASTM AASHTO

(1) D1241
M147

D2940
(2) D75 T2


(3) 5086 C136 T27


(4) 5087 T89
D4318


5088 T90
(5)+No.4 488 C127 T85


(6) D2419 T176


(7) D4792


(8)() D1557 T180


(9)CBR () 12382 D1883 T193


(10)R 12383 D2844 T190


(11)() D1556 T191


(12)() D4914


(13)() D4253


(14) D4254


(15) 1163 C29 T19


(16)MR T292


 ()
4

4


CNS ASTM AASHTO

()
1.
(1)() D946 M20

(2)() D3381 M226

(3)(M.C) D2027 M82

(4)() D977 M140

(5) D2397 M208

(6) D5 T49


(7) D2171 T202


(8) D2170 T201


(9) D92 T48


(10) D1754 T179


(11) D2872 T240


(12) D113 T51


(13) 10092 D2042 T44


(14) D70 T228


(15) 3517 D95 T55


2.
(1)
(2) D242 M17

3. 12395 D1559 T245


(AI MS-2)
4.
(1) 12388 D979 T168


(2) D290 T172


(3) 12394 D2489 T195


(4) 12391 D3625


(5) 8758 D2041 T209


(6) 12390 T230


(7) 8757 D70 T228


(8) D4125 T287


(9) D2950


(10) 8759 D2726 T166


(11) D4123


(12) D1074 T167


(13) D4867 T283


(14) D2172 T164


ASTM AASHTO
AASHTO
 ()
5 6

5


CNS ASTM AASHTO

1. 61 C150 M85

2. 3091 C260 M154

3.
(1) 485 D75 T2


(2) C117 T11
486


C136 T27
(3) 489 C70



C566 T255
(4) 487 C128 T84



488 C127 T85
(5) 490 C13 T96



3408 C535
(6) D4791


4.
(1) 1174 C172 T141


(2) 1176 C143 T119


(3)() 9661 C231 T152


(4) 11151 C138 T121


(5) 1231 C31 T23


(6) 1232 C39 T22


(7)() 1233 C78 T97


(8) 1238 C42 T24


(9) A184/M M54/M


A185 M55
(10) 6919 A497 M221

(11) 560 A615 M31

(12) C171 M171


C309 M148
(13) 12283 C494 M194

(14) D1751 M213


D1752 M153
ASTM AASHTO
AASHTO
 6 ()

CNS ASTM AASHTO

(1) 1174 C172 T141

(2) 1176 C143 T119

(3)() 9661 C231 T152

(4) 11151 C138 T121

(5) 1231 C31 T22

(6) 1232 C39 T23

(7) 5086 C136 T27

(8) C174 T148

(9) 3090 C94 T26

(10) M6
1240 C33

M80

(11) 3090 C94

(12) 61 C150 M85

(13) 3091 C260 M154

(14) C171 M171

2178 C309 M148

(15) 12283 C494 M194

 ()
7

CNS ASTM AASHTO

(1) D420 T86

(2)

C136 T27



D422 T88
 5087 T89
D4318


5088 T90
3No.4 D854 T100


4No.4 488 C127 T85


5 D2419 T176


6 490 C131 T96


7pH E70 T200


(3)

D558 T134


2CBR () D1883 T193


3 D1633


4 D1635


5MR T292



T294
6 D559 T135


7 D560 T136


8R D2844 T190


9(Short-cut Test) PCA Soil Handbook



D806 T144


(4) 61 C150 M85

 ()
8

CNS ASTM AASHTO

(1)
(2) D4223 AI MS-19


(3) D4223


(4)() D977 M140

(5)() D2397 M208

(6)(RC) D2028 M81

()
1. ISRM
2. ISRM
3. ISRM
4. ASTM D4644 ISRM
5. ASTM C136AASHTO T27
6. ASTM C29AASHTO T19
7. ASTM C127C128AASHTO T85T84
8. ASTM C131AASHTO T96
9. ASTM C88AASHTO T104
10.ASTM C40AASHTO T21
11.ISRM
12.ISRM
13.ISRM
14.ISRM
15.ISRM
16.ISRM

1.


 2. 500 1000
CBR
3.
?
4.


5.



6.


7.


8.

CNLA ()

CNLA
9.

10.

(1) 1998 10
(2) 1996 5
(3) 1989 11
(4) () P/M
1995 4


 FDS STAR-CD FLUENT
PHOENICSCFX4FLOW 3D





NFPA-130

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1990
NFPA









()
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(2)
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2002 5
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Continuous Welded Rail

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600kg/m
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40 36 /25m
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4.

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2. 400kg/m
2 3 4 5 6
 2

600m 400m , 300m ,
600m 400m
60kg 500kg/m 650kg/m 750kg/m

50N,100 400kg/m 520kg/m 600kg/m

50N 200kg/m

PC 60kg,50N 300kg/m
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1.

2. 1

3 (kg/)

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40N, PC7 , 170 210 200 580
50N, , 100 115 105 320
50N,, 80 110 115 305
50T, PC3Ta, 260 360 300 920
60, PCHC, 345 585 500 1430

 5

()

(kg/m) (/25m) (kg/) 1.2 (kg/)

38 658 790
60kg 500 39 641 769
41 610 732
43 581 697
38 526 631
50N 400 39 513 616
41 488 586
43 465 558
 6 (kg/)
60kg 50N

38 43 38 43

(T-t) (/25m)

5 14 13 14 13
10 54 48 54 48
15 116 102 113 100
20 196 173 192 170
25 299 264 292 258
30 420 371 411 363
35 560 494 550 486
40 718 635 704 622
45 895 791 878 776

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(18) KANEKO CORPORATION


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(
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((1))
4-28 (1) 3 4 11 5031389796121306311243140797
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4-29 (1) 3 4 18 9270063425002641100239900315
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4-30 (1) 3 6 20 9270063411002393501140069566
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 5

((2))


4-28 04610295490758 3130728 1241377
00004451500755 4151513
5720426
4-29 31307289350114 6529956 1241377 1840140 6820231
93401138400030 2101130
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1.
2.

3.



(1) SPOT

(2) pp.223-230

(3)
pp.53-61


QuickBird

1999 9 24 Space Imaging

IKONOS
2001 10 18 DigitalGlobe
QuickBird 61 ()

QuickBird
QuickBird 0.61m

(Panchromatic)(MultiSpectral)

0.61m 2.44m
0.7m (QuickBird
1 2)

QuickBird
QuickBird 2002 12 15
20 1 %Panchromatic
67 (Basic Imagery)



 ( http://www.quickbird.com.tw)

IKONOS
()
90 91 15 (
2003) 1/1000





91
91 8 10

10
20 (2002) 5

PCI Geomatica OrthoEngine High-res

Satellite Model


()
13

(sh xx)
(gp xx)
(G0003)(13 )
()

(Cubic
resampling)
225


225

()
RMS



3 13
sh11 1.295
G0003 0.002 0.558 X
0.48 Y 0.49
0.67 1
2 X Y 0.5

(1/5000 1 )(2000)

()
12
1/1000
12
1 2 1/1000

(true ortho image)



12
 1.
1/1000
4535
45354536
4536
16

 2. 1/1000
3642
3642
10

X Y
1.068 0.554 -0.128
Mean
1.276 0.550 0.703
RMS

 3. 1/1000
3844
38443845
3845
13

X Y
0.882 0.453 -0.196
Mean
0.992 0.669 0.253
RMS

 4. 1/1000
4144
4144
12

X Y
1.316 0.683 -0.373
Mean
1.859 1.115 -0.744
RMS

 5.
1/1000
4444
44444445
4445
13

X Y
1.017 0.290 -0.242
Mean
1.192 0.463 0.729
RMS

 6. 1/1000
5046
5046

12

X Y
0.839 -0.179 -0.053
Mean
0.776 0.344 0.431
RMS

 7. 1/1000
3848
38483849
3849
13
()()

X Y
1.088 -0.173 0.222
Mean
1.630 1.285 0.345
RMS

 8. 1/1000
4152
41524252
4252
14

X Y
1.456 0.710 -0.888
Mean
2.385 0.927 1.458
RMS

 9. 1/1000
4450
4450
13

X Y
1.237 0.069 -0.865
Mean
1.640 0.640 1.000
RMS

 10. 1/1000
4850 4851
4851
13

X Y
1.343 -0.446 -0.680
Mean
2.054 0.719 1.391
RMS

 11. 1/1000
1/1000
4255
4255
11

X Y
1.373 0.638 -0.857
Mean
1.999 0.775 1.224
RMS

 12. 1/1000
3563
35633663
3663
14

X Y
0.926 0.684 -0.085
Mean
0.977 0.671 0.306
RMS

 13. 12
12 154
1.118 ( 1.6 pixel)
1.466 ( 2.1 pixel) 1/5000
1/5000 (1/5000
2.5 )(2000)

X Y
1.118 0.232 -0.422
Mean
1.466 0.698 0.833
RMS

QuickBird

QuickBird

1.

2.5 QuickBird
(225 )
()


2.
QuickBird
96%(154
5 2 ) 2 1/5000

3.
QuickBird
272
25 432
(mosaic)(color balance)
(spotlight effect)(2002)
QuickBird

 QuickBird 1/17000
67 34 ( 20 m /pixel)
1 100 (44 )
1~2 1~2
1 0

DigitalGlobe

QuickBird
PCI Geomatica OrthoEngine

(1)
p.52003
(2)()
(DTM)
2002
(3)
2002
(4) 2000
 BL3BL4

BL3BL4
COX GROUP
SARS
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
BL1BL2BL3BL4
BL3P3 BL4P4

BL4 BL2P2BL3
P3
BL4

1. Ebola
2. Hemorrhagic fever
3. Marburg
4. Lassa
5. Hanta virus
6. Anthrax
-SARS

BL3 BL4
SARS
BL3BL4

2000 25~30 BL4

BL4 BL3

BL3BL4
BL4 BL4

BL3
BL3BL4
CDC BMBLBiosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical
Laboratories BL3

silicone sealant
HEPA

BL4 BL3

HEPA

15~20%

BL4
()

BL4
 BL4

HEPA HEPA

BL4

1.HEPA

BL4

BL3BL4

10~14 BL4
30~40
BL3BL4

1. BL4

(1)
 (2)
(3)
2.



BL3BL4
BL3BL4
BL3BL4
3.
BL3BL4
BL3P3 BL4P4
BL3BL4

BL3BL4

BL3
BL3BL4
()



1.



2.







CDC NIH

3.
3.


CDC NIH ()
()BL4
BL4 CDC
NIH
CDC NIH

( 1)
( 2)
CDC
NIH

PC1PC2 PC3 PC4in the

Australian Standard
AS/NZS2243.3
AS 2982
 1. (BL1
(BL1
(BL1BL2
BL2BL3
BL3BL4)
BL4)

()
(1) AS/NZS2243AS 2982
(2) AS/NZS2243.3AS 2982
(3) BL1 AS/NZS2243.3AS 2982
Appendix BPC1
(4) BL2 AS/NZS2243.3AS 2982
Appendix BPC1PC2
(5) BL3 AS/NZS2243.3AS 2982
Appendix B: PC1PC2PC3
(6) BL4 AS/NZS2243.3AS 2982
Appendix B: PC1PC2PC3PC4

(BL1 BL2 BL3 BL4)

2. (AS/NZS2243)
(AS/NZS2243)

(1) AS 2982
(2)
(3)
3.
(1) AS 2982
a. 12.5M 1/5
b. 7M 30M
c. 45M
60M
d.
e.
(a)
(b)
(c)
f. 1500mm 30M
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
(2)
(3)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
(4)
a.
b.
c.
d.
(5)
(6) AS 2982
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
 (7)
(8)
a.
10m/s
12m/s~ 15m/s
17m/s~ 22m/s
b.
c.
d. 20
(9)
()
1.
2.
3.
()
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
()
AS 2982

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
 PC1PC2PC3PC4

BL1(PC1)BL2(PC2)BL3(PC3)BL4(PC4)

()
1.
(1) 70W/m2
(2)
a.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
b.
c.
d.
(3)
a.
b.
c.
d.
(4)

(5) 2%
(6)
a.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
b.
c.
(a) 1020mm
(b) 1200mm
(c) 1350mm
(d) 1800mm

(7)
a.
b.
(8) AS2243.8
(9)
(10)

(11)
2.
2.
(1)
(2)
(3) 25mm
(4)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
(5)
a.
b.
(6)
a.
b.
c.
d.
3.
3.
(1) AS3000
(2) AS2430
(3)
(4) 300mm
(5)
(6) AS1680.1
4.
4.
(1) AS1668.2
(2)
(3)
(4)
a.
b.
(5)
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
(6)
5.
5.
(1)

(2)
10M
(3)
(4)
a.
b.
(5)
(6)
6.
(1)
(2)
a.
b.
c. 250L 30L
d.
(3) 500L
(4) AS2243.10,AS2030.1
(5)
a. 1M
b.
c.
d.
(6)
a.
b.
c.
(7)
7.
7.
(1)
a.
b.
c.
(2)
(3)
(4)
a.
b.
c.
8.
8.
(1)

a.
b.

c.
d.
e.
(a)
(i) X
(ii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(viii)
(ix)
(x)
f.
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f) 10 m2 2.4m
(g)
(h)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
g.
(2)
a. AS2243.4
b.

c.
d.
e.
f.
(a)

(b) /
(c)

(d)
(e)

(f)

(g)
g.

(a)

(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

(f)
(g) (L/s.m2)
3 6
10
3
3 6
6 9
> 9
(h)
(i)
(j) AS2243.8
h.

(a) 9L/s.m2

(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)

(f)
(g) AS1216 AS1319
(h)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(3)





PC1,PC2, PC3,PC4
BL1BL2BL3BL4 (PC1PC2PC3PC4)

GMAC Genetic Manipulation Advisory

CommitteePC
a. BL1(PC1)

b. BL2(PC2)
PC2 PC1
(a)

(b)
PC2
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f) AS2647
(3) BL3(PC3)
PC3 PC1PC2
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.

(a) 50pascals
(b) 25pascals
(c)

(d)
(e) HEPA AS 4260.1
(f)
(g)
(h)
(4) BL4(PC4)
PC4 PC1PC2PC3
a.
b.

c.
d.


e.



(a)

(b)
25Pa


 HEPA
HEPA


(d) HEPA
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)

Cox Group
Johnson & Johnson Research Pty LimitedHerston Medical Research
Centre Queensland Institute of Medical ResearchCSIRO Joint Research Complex
BL3 NIH


BL3BL4 CDC


BL3
Clean Room HEPA

BL3BL4

SARS
BL3BL4

(1) Earl Walls Associates Quarterly Report on Laboratory Design. by Earl Walls
Associates 2002
(2) Research Laboratory NIH Design Policy and Guidelines.by N.I.H. 2000
(3)
(4)Australian Standard. by Standards Australia & Standards New Zealand 1997
(5) Guidelines for Laboratory Design Health and Safety Consideration. by Louis J.
Diberardinis 2001
(6) Biomedical Research Laboratory Facilities. by The American Institute of
Architects 2003
(7) Laboratory Design Guide. by Brian Griffin 2000
(8) Laboratory Design Construction and Renovation. by National Academy of
Science 2000
(9) Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories. by U.S. Department
of Health and Human Service 1999
(10) BSL-3 Laboratory Design Resource. by Phoenix Controls Corporation 2003


2.1
?
??
?


1.
TBM

1,000

2.
3.

2.2

1.

2.3

 1.

2.

2.4

1.

2.

sealing

2.5



1. (Earth
(Earth Pressure Balanced Shield Method)
(1)

(Cutter head)
(Screw conveyor)

2.
(1)(Cutter face)

(2)
(3)(Bulkhead)

3.
(1)(Slit)

(Chamber)

(2)()

(3)

4. (Slurry
(Slurry Shield Method)
(1)

(2) (Cutter head)

(Bulkhead)(Chamber)

(3)

5.
(1)

(2)

(3)
6.
96.9% 2.6% 0.5%
25.2% 71.7% 69.8% 1.9%
7.

8.

CH221

2.6


??

1.

2. 10kg/cm2
3.

2.7



1.

2.

3.

4.
(blowout)
5.

2.8

?
?


1. (
)
2.

3.

4.

5.

2.9 (
( 6M)
6M)

R=20M(
R= 20M(
20M( T )
) 1

2~3M
2~3M?
?
4M
4M




1. 7MR=15M

2. R=60M(copy cutter)
R=20M(copy
cutter)
(copy cutter)

3.

4.

1.5~3
50cm
1M

 5. 1,000Kg/cm2
(copy cutter)
6.
7. 4M
300M R=20M
NATM + NATM

2.10 4M
4M 1.8


1,500M
1,500M 300M
300M
??
??
120M
120M






1. TBM shield
1,500M TBM
1,500M TBM
300M
NATM ++

2.

3. ()

4.

()

5. TBM
NATM ( 60M/)
6. 120M 1,800M
900M 120M 120M
( 200 )

7. 350M 300M
6M bitter

 8.
1
2
()
1/91/10
2/3 1/51/6
1/101/14 3 4
1 2
3

2 ()

(M) ()

2.02.7 6() 100150l

2.73.5 8() 150250l

3.55.0 810() 150250l

5.06.0 1012() 200300l

6.0 1012() 200300l

l
 3 ()

(M)

2.02.7 500 350350l -

2.73.5 700 450450l -

3.55.0 900 600600l ()

5.06.0 1000 700700l ()

6.0 1000 700700l ()

:
 9. Komatsu ( 360 )TBM

10.

11.

2.11



1.

2.
70~110t/m2
3.
(
)
4.
100 t/m2

 5. F=*D2D=
=0.5~1.0=0.8~1.5

2.12



1.

2.
C222, C560 130 T
3.
()