Study guide for final Bame material

Carbohydrate metabolism
glycolysis
gluconeogenesis
glycogenolysis
glycogenesis
pentose phosphate pathway

What is the overall goal or purpose of the pathway?

Glycolysis
o GlucosePyruvate
Gluconeogenesis
o PyruvateGlucose
Glycogenolysis
o GlycogenGlucose
Glycogenesis
o GlucoseGlycogen
pentose phosphate pathway
o GlucoseRibose-5-Phosphate
What are the principle substrates and products of the pathway?
Glycolysis
o GlucosePyruvate, NADH, ATP
Gluconeogenesis
o PyruvateGlucose
Glycogenolysis
o Glycogen ChainGlycogen n-1; G1PG6P
Glycogenesis
o UTP + GlucosePi; Glycogen UDD-Glucose
pentose phosphate pathway
o GlucoseRibose-5

Where does the pathway occur inside the cell? Inside the body?
Glycolysis
o Cytoplasm
Gluconeogenesis
o Cytoplasm
Glycogenolysis
o Cytoplasm
 Glycogenesis
o Cytoplasm
pentose phosphate pathway
o Cytoplasm

Is it an anabolic or catabolic pathway?

Glycolysis
o Catabolic
Gluconeogenesis
o Anabolic
Glycogenolysis
o Catabolic
Glycogenesis
o Anabolic
pentose phosphate pathway
o Catabolic

What steps in the pathway are regulated? How are they regulated?
Glycolysis
o HexokinasePFKPyruvate Kinase
Gluconeogenesis
o G6PaseF16BPasePEP Carboxylase
Glycogenolysis
o Glycogen Phosphorylase
Glycogenesis
o Glycogen Synthase
pentose phosphate pathway
o Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase

What step in the pathway is defined as the committed or rate-determining step of the pathway?
Glycolysis
o :
 Gluconeogenesis
o

Glycogenolysis
o

Glycogenesis
o

 pentose phosphate pathway

o Glucose-6-P dehydrogenase

Under what conditions in the cell/organ/body will the pathway be turned on or off?
Glycolysis
o

















Gluconeogenesis
o











 Glycogenolysis
o

Glycogenesis
o

pentose phosphate pathway

o
Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) reaction and Citric Acid Cycle
What is the overall goal or purpose of the reaction or pathway?
PyruvateAcetyl CoA

What are the principle substrates and products of the reaction or pathway?

Where does the reaction or pathway occur inside the cell?

What coenyzmes are necessary for the PDHC reaction?

How is the PDHC reaction regulated?

What steps in the CAC are regulated? How are they regulated?

What is an anaplerotic reaction and why is it important for the CAC?

Under what conditions in the cell/organ/body will the pathway be turned on or off?

Electron transport chain (ETC), oxidative phosphorylation, chemiosmotic theory

What is the overall goal or purpose of the pathway or process?

Where do the pathway/processes occur inside the cell?

How are electrons from NADH or FADH2 transported through the ETC?

What is the chemiosmotic theory for how the ETC powers ATP synthase? What is the evidence
that supports this theory?

What are the F0 and F1 components of ATP synthase? How do they work to generate ATP from
ADP and Pi?