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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
ORIGINAL
HBO24 OSBORNE REYNOLDS APPARATUS
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INSTRUCTION MANUAL
HBO24 OSBORNE REYNOLDS APPARATUS
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CONTENTS
Page
Receipt ofgoods
Safety guidelines B-C
Installation instruction D
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying
or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this
publication) Mthout the written permission from ESSOM CoMPANY LIMITED.
I 10510
RECEIPT OF GOODS
l. Or Receipt ofGoods
(8) On receipt of the goods at the customers premises, the shipment should be inspected for any damages or missing
items. These items should be checked against the delivery note, packing list or shipping documents.
(b) lf there is any damage to the equipment or a discrepancy in missing items as listed shipping documents, then the
insurance company should be notilied within three working days on receipt of the shipment if the loss or damage was
not apparent at the time oftaking delivery from the port.
(c) If insurance has been arranged by the buyer then you must notiry your insurer in writing of any damage or loss of
parts which was observed regarding this shipment within a specilied period of time as stated in the Terms and
Conditions. This should include detailed photographs ofthe damaged equipment.
(d) lf insurance has been arranged by the seller you should notify the insurances representative along with any
correspondence including the insurance certificate supplied by the seller. These should include detailed photographs for
evaluation ofdamages or rcplacement parts pertaining to the shipment.
(e) The seller will only replace damaged parts on notification by the insurance company that the claim has been
accepted.
2. Manufscturers Liability
(a) Before proceeding !o install, commission or operate the equipment listed in the instruction manual, we would like to
alert the user io the health and safety aspects of people who will work on or operate our equipment with regard to the
liability ofthe manufacturers or supplirs.
(b) Manufacturers or suppliers are absolved of any responsibilities with regard to misuse of their equipment causing
harm or financial charges being incuned against them from clients or third parties for consequences offailure or damage
of the equipment in any way if the equipment is not installed, maintained and operated as outlined in the instruction
manual published by the manufacturers or suppliers.
(c) tn order to safeguard the students and operators ofthe equipment it is vital that all safety aspects as outlined in the
instruction manual are observed.
040408
3. Safety Guidelines
(a) -fhe normal color code ofthe power cables supplied on this equipment is as follows:
- B lack-*---------------.-Line.
-Gray or white.
---------------Neutral,
- Red-------------------Ground.
(b)The three phase power cable has five r.rires.
- Red, blue and black.
----------------Line.
- Light gray or white - ------------------------Neutral.
- Green ------------- ----Ground.
5.2 General Precautions for Equipment with Water Including Evaporative Cooling Towers
(a) Any water contained in the system should be drained regularly. If it is left in the system for a long period of time
without circulation it will stagnate.
(b) The equipment should be flushed regularly with clean water.
(c) Impurities in the water will cause scale or algae and must be cleaned on a regular basis. An anti
rust additive such as
used in the automobile industry is recommended to inhibit this process.
(d) The water should be at temperature under 45degreesC to maintain effectiveness.
(e) Many of the problems encountered with water contamination can be reduced and prevented by means of a water
treatment program being introducd using the expertise available locally or on site.
B 040408
(
5.3 Rotating Equipment
(a) Ifthe equipment is supplied with any rotating parts such as a motor, generator, fan etc these items are provided with
a protection shield or a guard to protect the operator from any dangers which may occur when the rotating parts fail.
These guards must be in place whenever the rotating parts are in operation (rotating) and only removed for maintenance
periods.
After maintenance is car ed out ensure that the machine guards are replaced back in service. Do not operate any rotating
parts unless machine guards are in place.
C 040408
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
l. General Instruction
Equipment shipped overseas is usually partially assembled to reduce possibility of damages and shipping
volume.
Parts list or packing list is normally shipped with shipping document. when the shipping boxes reach the site,
the box should be carefully opened, and the parts must be ohecked /examined for du-ug" id"niifi"d according to the
parts list "ra
Equipment and parts are to be assembled according to the assembly instruction
2. Assembly Instructions
l. Fill the glass balls around the test tube in the cylinder.
2. Slip the bell-mouth to the test tube in the head tank.
3. Slip injection needle onto dye reservoir stem.
D 160808
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
HBO24 OSBORNE REYNOLDS APPARATUS
Dye reservoir
Dye Flow control valve
Head tank
Stilling materials
Test tube
l-l 100510
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Technical D8t8
l.l.l Cylinderdiameter : 200 mrh-
1.1.2 Test pipe inside diameter : l4 mm acrylic or l3 mm grass or as required.
1.t.3 Length oftest pipe : 720 mm.
1.1.4 Dye reservoir : 0.5 l.
1.1.5 Measu.ing cup
1.2 Optlonal
1.2.1 HB 024-020 Water heating unit.
Water viscosity is controlled by its tempemture. The hcating unit consists of:
- Insulated heating tank with 4500 W hearer.
- Temperature control unit (45.C maximum).
- Power supply: 220 V, I Ph., 50 Hz or as required.
100510
2. INTRODUCTION TO FLUID MECHANICS
2,1 Laminar Flow (Fig.2-l)
.. - when the flow is very slow the molecules ofthe fluid will move in layers parallel to the pipe wall in the
direction of the flow. The molecules at the center of the pipe move much
fastor than the molecules near the
wall, This state offlow is called Laminar Flow.
2.2 Turbulent Flow (Fig.2-2)
when the llow is very fast the molecules have an irregular motion in a diffused pattem
. -.
the direction
but in general, in
of flow with nearly the same velocity u"ro., ih" diameter except molecules near the oioe will
move only slightly slower than the molecules near the center ofthe pipe. This
state ofno* ir iilurl"nt
flow. Flows in most cases ofengineering study are turbulent flow. "uli"a
2.3 Reynolds Number
Type offlow rnay be indicated by a dimensionless quantity called Reynolds Number Reg
ner= PJP = VD
Irv
Where: Rep = Reynolds number, dimensionless number
p = Density ofthe fluid, kg/m 3
., J 4J f, /<
(E:i'if
--v$....^y' \r
2-l 100510
3. TEST PROCEDURES
Dye reservoir
Dye flow control valve
Head tank
Injection needle
Bell mouth
Stilling materials
Test tube
Craduated beaker
3-l 100510
DATA SHEET
HBO24 OSBORNE REYNOLDS APPARATUS
- ID=l4mm
\--/ Water kinematics viscosity at ............"C .... rn2/,
3-2 100510
4. SAMPLE DATA
DATA SHEET
HB 024 OSBORNE REYNOLDS APPARATUS
4-1 100510
ADDENDUM 1
Bulk
Dynamic Kinematic Surface vapor modulus
Specific
Densiq viscosit), ViscositY Tension Pressure ofelasticitv
oC weight - head
P. N- s/m' v' m-/s o,N/m
Temp, p. kg rn' K, N.m2
y, N/m3
l0-rP= l0-o v- l00o= Pry.m lo'2K:
999.9 1.192 1.792 '1.62 0.06 204
0 9805
1000.0 .519 1.519 7.54 0.09 206
9806 I
5
l0 9803 999.1 1.308 1.308 7.48 0.12 2|
.140 1.141 7.41 0.17 214
l5 9',198 999.1 I
998.2 1.005 1.007 7.36 o.25 220
20 9789
997.1 0.894 0.897 7.26 0.33 222
9779
25
30 97 67 995.7
- 0.801 0.804 7.18 0.44 223
0.723 0.727 7.to 0.58 224
35 97 52 994.1
992.2 0.656 0.661 7.01 o.76 221
40 9',137
990.2 0.599 0.605 6.92 0.98 229
45 9720
988.1 0.549 0.556 6.82 1.26 230
50 9697
55 9679 985.7 0.506 0.513 6.7 4 L6l 23r
983.2 0.469 0.477 6.68 2.03 228
60 9658
980.6 0.436 0.444 6.58 2.56 226
65 9635
'70 977.8 0.406 0.415 6.50 3.20 225
9600
974.9 0.380 0.390 6.40 3.96 223
75 9589
971.8 0.35? o.367 6.30 4.86 221
80 9557
968.6 0.336 0.347 6.20 5.93 2't7
85 9529
965.3 0.317 0.328 6.12 7.18 216
90 9499
96t.9 0.299 0.31I 6.02 8.62 2't I
95 9469
0.284 o.290 5.94 10.33 207
100 9438 958.4
ADDENDUM 2
Head tank
Holding
plates
Incase ofcrack or leak, the head tank can be replaced or repaired as follows:
l. Remove the screws around the head tank
2' Remove the holding plates and O-rings from the old tank and put them on the
new tank. Ensure that the
plates and O-rings are near the bottom end ofthe tank.
J. Put the tank in place and slide the holding plated an o-rings to the base plate
4. Align the top holding plate to the bottom and then tighten the screws.
E
SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
From test no. I of sample data
I 4 26.6s
volume of water
a= time
4xl0-am3
26.65 s
m
1.50772x10-s
S
Flow rate _a
v=
Cross - section area A
1.50772x10-s m3ls
7.(o.0t4m)2 /4
=0.0984
kg=
995.7 x o.o98l1 x o.ol4m
' ,,: =PvD= mJ s
" lt o.8ol x lo-3 I+
m-
x 1,705 (< 2,000,the flow is laminar)
Please note that Rep at the point ofchanging from laminar to turbulent (increase flow rate) and from turbulent
to laminar (decrease flow rate) may be not the same.
5-l 1005 l0
ADDENDUM 3
Heat tank
Inlet
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