CONTENTS

DEDICATORY--------------------------------------------------------------------2
INTRODUCTION-----------------------------------------------------------------3
ARTICLES A/AN AND THE---------------------------------------------------4
PERSONAL PRONOUNS-----------------------------------------------------5
NOMINATIVE PRONOUNS---------------------------------------------------6
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS---------------------------------------------------7
POSSESIVE ADJECTIVES----------------------------------------------------8
OBJECTIVE PRONOUNS------------------------------------------------------9
VERB TO BE ------------------------------------------------------------------10-13
PAST VERB TO BE ----------------------------------------------------------14-17
THERE IS / THERE ARE ---------------------------------------------------18-22
HAVE / HAS --------------------------------------------------------------------23-26
CAN / CANT -------------------------------------------------------------------27-30
CARDINAL NUMBRES ------------------------------------------------------31-32
QUANTITIES--------------------------------------------------------------------33-35
YEAR AND NUMBERS-------------------------------------------------------36-37
ORDINAL NUMBERS --------------------------------------------------------38-39
PRESENT SIMPLE------------------------------------------------------------40-43
PAST SIMPLE ------------------------------------------------------------------44-51
FUTURE SIMPLE--------------------------------------------------------------52-55
CONCLUSION ---------------------------------------------------------------------56

1
 DEDICATORY

MY PARENTS, FOR BEING WITH ME, FOR

TEACHING ME TO GROW BECAUSE IF I FALL
DOWN, I GET UP. FOR SUPPORTING ME AND
GUIDE ME, BEING THE FOUNDATION THAT
HELPED ME TO GET HERE. THANKS TO THAT
THEY HAD THIS GREAT ACHIEVEMENT, A LITTLE
ELUSIVE AND I COULD ACHIEVE.

2
 INTRODUCTION

THIS WORK IS A COMPILATION OF THE YEAR

DURING 10 MONTHS OF INVESTIGATION AND WE
PRACTICE IN CLASSES; UNDER THE TUTELAGE OF
THE TEACHER ARMANDO MEMIJE BAZAN, FROM
WHOM WE LEARNED THE GRAMMAR AND THE
PRONUNCIATION OF ENGLISH WORDS, ITS
STRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION FOR MAKING
SENTENCES IN THE TENSE, EXPECTING THIS
WORK IS VERY USEFUL HERE AFTER TO NEW
GENERATIONS.

3
 ARTICLES A/AN AND THE

The articles a / an and the are to refer to things. In the case of a it is going to be
used when the next word begins in consonant and in case of an is going to be used
when it begins in vocal. The will be used for words beginning both in consonants and
vowels.

FOR EXAMPLE:

A AN
1.- He is a doctor
2.- I have a computer
3.- He is a young man
4.- They are a group of lawyers
5.- This is a Mexican invention
6.- A block of flats
7.- He is a Honest man
8.- A racing driver
9.- She is a healthy person
10.- A hostage
1.- He is an actor
2.- It was an accident
3.- He is an Englishman
4.- This is an independent country
5.- An important appointment
6.- She is an old woman
7.- She is an actress
8.- He is an old man
9.- An apple
10.- An important article
THE
1.- The elephant is big
2.- The lettuce is green
3.- The United Kingdom
4.- The United States
5.- The Isle of Man
6.- The universal language
7.- The onion
8.- The hair
9.- The novela idea
10.- The box of matches

4
 PERSONAL PRONOUNS

The Personal Pronouns are:

NOMINATIVE POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE OBJECTIVE

I YO MINE MIO MY (MI/MIS) ME ME, A MI
YOU TU, YOURS TUYO YOUR (TU/TUS) YOU TE, A TI
USTED
HE EL HIS SUYO HIS (SU/SUS) HIM LE, A EL
DE EL
SHE ELLA HERS SUYO HER (SU/SUS) HER LE, A ELLA
DE ELLA
IT ELLO ITS SUYO ITS - (SU/SUS) IT LO, A ELLO
WE OURS OUR US NOS, A
NOSOTROS NUESTRO (NUESTRO) NOSOTROS
THEY ELLOS THEIRS SUYO THEIR (SU/SUS) THEM LOS/LAS,
DE ELLOS/ A ELLOS
ELLAS

5
 NOMINATIVE PRONOUNS

These are the nominative pronouns:

I
You
He
She
It
We
You
They
Them

We use the nominative pronouns to replace the subject of the sentence.

HE RUNS IN THE PARK
(Subject) + (verb) + (complement)

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- I am a doctor
2.- I am a nurse
3.- You are a teacher
4.- We are students
5.- They are lawyer
6.- It is a dog
7.- He is fat
8.- She is toll
9.- We are speaking English
10.- She is Chinese

6
 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS

Possessive pronouns replace the noun, we use them to establish a relationship of

possession and agree in gender and number with the thing possessed and never go
before the noun. Usually they built with article, but can go without.

Possessive pronouns are formed as follows:

MINE
YOURS
HIS
HERS
ITS
OURS
YOURS
THEIRS

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- This cake is mine

2.- This credit card is mine
3.- These earphones are his
4.- This is your chair
5.- That notebook dont is her
6.- These shoes dont are theirs
7.- The bag is theirs
8.- Its his laptop
9.- This is her dress
10.- This party is our

7
 OBJECTIVES PRONOUNS

The object pronouns replace objects in prayers, then used as direct and indirect
objects. I will see your sister after the school (I'll see your sister after school) can be
changed to I will see her after the school (The see after school). Each personal
pronoun has a corresponding object pronoun:

Objective Pronoun are formed as follows:

ME
YOU
HIM
HER
IT
US
YOU
THEM

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- Listen to me carefully

2.- He teaches us Math
3.- Dont come with me
4.- I love her
5.- I buy her a chocolate every day
6.- The hourses dont like me
7.- She always help me with my homework
8.- We watch them on tv
9.- He knows me well

8
 10.- I pay the flowers to him
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES

Possessive adjectives used to talk about the thing possessed. They agree in gender
and number with the noun.

There are two types of possessive adjectives; which are placed before the noun and
which are placed after the noun.

Possessive Adjective are formed as follows:

MY
YOUR
HIS

HER
ITS
OUR
THEIR

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- My uncles house is big

2.- My dads business are important
3.- Your sister is teacher
4.- Your car is blue
5.- His fathers are the best
6.- Her house is Beautiful
7.- Its dogs Ruben
8.- Our school
9.- Their books

9
 10.-My keys
VERB TO BE

The first will try verbs are two that can be used as an auxiliary, so they are the
most important. In this case it will be the verb to be that study.

This verb means TO BE both be like to be. Its meaning depends on the context of
the sentence, and we want to express at all times.

The VERB TO be has three forms: am, is and are. The only way am used to the
1st person singular, 2nd person singular, is only the 3rd person singular, and are
for the remaining people. If you have never studied this verb may find it a little
difficult to form sentences. Do not worry, this is normal.

SINGULAR
1 Person I AM
2. Person YOU ARE
3. Person HE IS
SHE IS
IT IS
PLURAL
1. Person WE ARE
2. Person YOU ARE
3. Person THEY ARE

10
 VERB TO BE IN FORM AFFIRMATIVE

The verb to be in affirmative form looks as follows

SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + COMPLEMENT

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- I am in the school

2.- You are a student
3.- He is a Doctor
4.- She is a teacher
5.- It is a pen
6.- They are in New York
7.- We are students
8.- He is American
9.- They are the actors
10.- We are buying Ice Cream

11
 VERB TO BE IN FORM NEGATIVE

The verb to be in the negative if it addresses the following way:

SUBJECT + VERB TO BE + NOT + COMPLEMENT

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- I am not in the school

2.- You are not a student
3.- He is not a Doctor
4.- She is not a teacher
5.- It is not a pen
6.- They are not in New York
7.- We are not students
8.- He is not American
9.- They are not the actors
10.- We are not buying Ice Cream

12
 VERB TO BE IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

The verb to be in the interrogative if it addresses the following way

Interrogative:

VERB TO BE + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENT + ?

1.- Am I in the school?

2.- Are You a student?
3.- Is He a Doctor?
4.- Is She a teacher?
5.- Is It a pen?
6.- Are They in New York?
7.- Are We students?
8.- Is He American?
9.- Are They the actors?
10.- Are We buying Ice Cream?

13
 PAST VERB TO BE

The past of the verb to be does not have contractual or reduced forms for the
affirmative. That is, you can not say I's as I was or You're reduced instead.
SINGULAR
1 Person I WAS
2. Person YOU WERE
3. Person HE WAS
SHE WAS
IT WAS
PLURAL
1. Person WE WERE
2. Person YOU WERE
3. Person THEY WERE

14
 PAST VERB TO BE IN FORM AFFIRMATIVE

The verb to be in affirmative form looks as follows

SUBJECT + PAST VERB TO BE + COMPLEMENT

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- I was in the school

2.- You were a student
3.- He was a Doctor
4.- She was a teacher
5.- It was a pen
6.- They were in New York
7.- We were students
8.- He was American
9.- They were the actors
10.- We were buying Ice Cream

15
 PAST VERB TO BE IN FORM NEGATIVE

The verb to be in the negative if it addresses the following way:

SUBJECT + PAST VERB TO BE + NOT + COMPLEMENT

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- I was not in the school

2.- You were not a student
3.- He was not a Doctor
4.- She was not a teacher
5.- It was not a pen
6.- They were not in New York
7.- We were not students
8.- He was not American
9.- They were not the actors
10.- We were not buying Ice Cream

16
 PAST VERB TO BE IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

The verb to be in the interrogative if it addresses the following way

Interrogative:

PAST VERB TO BE + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENT + ?

1.- Was I in the school?

2.- Were You a student?
3.- Was He a Doctor?
4.- Was She a teacher?
5.- Was It a pen?
6.- Were They in New York?
7.- Were We students?
8.- Was He American?
9.- Were They the actors?
10.- Were We buying Ice Cream?

17
 THERE IS / THERE ARE

Expressions there is and there are used in English to indicate that an object or a
person are at a specified site. The peculiarity of these structures is that there is not
the real subject of the verb to be, although it precedes. The real subject of the verb
is in the immediately following position:

SINGULAR

THERE IS

PLURAL

THERE ARE

SINGULAR: There is a book on the table.

PLURAL: There are two books on the table.

Unlike the word "no" in Castilian, which is invariable, the form of the verb to be
changes depending on the nature of the real subject.

18
 THERE IS / THERE ARE IN FORM AFIRMATIVE

1. - There is used when the subject is a singular count noun:

There is an apple in the basket.

Notice that the noun takes the idenfinido article (a / an). Usually not the definite
article is used with there:

There is the apple in the basket.

An uncountable noun:

There is some tea in the pot.

There is ice on the street.

Uncountable nouns can take quantifiers as some, any, much, a lot of etc.

2. - There are used when the subject is a plural noun:

There are two apples in the basket.

Importants:

Remember that English irregular nouns, though not bearing the mark "s" in plural
require the agreement with the verb to be:

There are a lot of people in the street.

There are twenty children in the class.

19
FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- There is a train station

2.- There is a park
3.- There is a castle
4.- There is a cat
5.- There is a pencil
6.- There are a museums
7.- There are a hotels
8.- There are bridges
9.- There are a supermarkets
10.- There are a three horses

20
 THERE IS / THERE ARE IN FORM NEGATIVE

The NEGATIVE form of the existential expressions there is / there are built with the
negative particle not:

There is not any apple in the basket.

There are not twenty children in the class.

Notice that to say that there is no or no any quantizer is used.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- There isnt any a train station

2.- There isnt a park
3.- There isnt any a castle
4.- There isnt a cat
5.- There isnt a pencil
6.- There arent a museums
7.- There arent a hotels
8.- There arent bridges
9.- There arent a supermarkets
10.- There arent a three horses

21
 THHERE IS / THERE ARE IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

The interrogative form is constructed by an investment from the verb to be, and
"false" there subject:

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- Is There a train station?

2.- Is There a park?
3.- Is There a castle?
4.- Is There a cat?
5.- Is There a pencil?
6.- Are There a museums?
7.- Are There a hotels?
8.- Are There bridges?
9.- Are There a supermarkets?
10.- Are There a three horses?

22
 HAVE / HAS

HAVE used with the meaning of having translated into Spanish have for the first and
second person singular and plural, and HAS for the third person used but only the
singular (he, she, it)
SINGULAR AND PLURAL
I
YOU
HAVE WE
YOU
THEY
SINGULAR
HE
HAS SHE
IT

23
 HAVE / HAS IN FORM AFIRMATIVE

Here are some points to remember when using 'have' and 'has'.
Let's start with the basics.
They can both be used to show possession and are important in making the
'perfect tenses'.
'Had' is the past tense of both 'has' and 'have'.

CONTRACTIONS
I have = I've
you have = you've
we have = we've
they have = They've
he has = he's
it has = it's

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- They have three houses

2.- John and Mary have Friends
3.- I have a problema
4.- You have an old car
5.- I have a dog
6.- He has a sister
7.- The woman has a new dress
8.- Susan has a new boyfriend
9.- She has a lot of homework

24
 10.- Mexico has a very interesting culture
HAVE / HAS IN FORM NEGATIVE

Can be used or not the auxiliary Do / Does the verb have to form negative
sentences in English.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- They dont have three houses

2.- John and Mary dont have Friends
3.- I have dont a problema
4.- You dont have an old car
5.- I dont have a dog
6.- He doesnt have a sister
7.- The woman doesnt have a new dress
8.- Susan doesnt have a new boyfriend
9.- She doesnt have a lot of homework
10.- Mexico doesnt have a very interesting culture

25
 HAVE / HAS IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

Can be used or not the auxiliary Do / Does the verb have to form Interrogative
sentences in English.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- Do They have three houses?

2.- Do John and Mary have Friends?
3.- Do I have a problema?
4.- Do You have an old car?
5.- Do I have a dog
6.- Does He have a sister?
7.- Does The woman have a new dress?
8.- Does Susan have a new boyfriend?
9.- Does She have a lot of homework?
10.- Does Mexico have a very interesting culture?

26
 CAN / CANT

The Word can is a verb auxiliary that meaning poder in Spanish. Is conjugate of
the following way:

SINGULAR PLURAL
I CAN WE CAN
YOU CAN YOU CAN
HE CAN THEY CAN
SHE CAN
IT CAN

27
 CAN / CANT IN FORM AFIRMATIVE

Can is a modal verb.

Can is used to express ability or to say that something is possible.

Can is the same for all subjects. We don't add an 'S' in the third person (like other
verbs)

The verb that comes after Can is in the infinitive without to:

FOR EXAMPLES:

1.- I can swin

2.- He can play the guitar well
3.- We can watch the televisin tonight
4.- They can speak German
5.- You can go to Mexico
6.- You can play the piano
7.- I can visit my aunt
8.- You can see it now
9.- You can ride a horses
10.- You can play chess

28
 CAN / CANT IN FORM NEGATIVE

Negative:

To form the negative we add "not" after can to form one word: cannot.

We can also contract the negative to form can't. (can't = cannot)

FOR EXAMPLES:

1.- I cant swin

2.- He cant play the guitar well
3.- We cant watch the televisin tonight
4.- They cant speak German
5.- You cant go to Mexico
6.- You cant play the piano
7.- I cant visit my aunt
8.- You cant see it now
9.- You cant ride a horses
10.- You cant play chess

29
 CAN / CANT IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

Questions

To from the question we change the position of the subject and the auxiliary verb.

The main verb is still in the infinitive without to.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- Can I swin?

2.- Can He play the guitar well?
3.- Can We watch the televisin tonight?
4.- Can They speak German?
5.- Can You go to Mexico?
6.- CanYou play the piano?
7.- Can I visit my aunt?
8.- Can You see it now?
9.- Can You ride a horses?
10.- Can You play chess?

30
 CARDINAL NUMMBERS

Cardinal numbers from 1 through 1,000,000

1 one 11 eleven 21 twenty-one 31 thirty-one

2 two 12 twelve 22 twenty-two 40 forty
3 three 13 thirteen 23 twenty-three 50 fifty
4 four 14 fourteen 24 twenty-four 60 sixty
5 five 15 fifteen 25 twenty-five 70 seventy
6 six 16 sixteen 26 twenty-six 80 eighty
7 seven 17 seventeen 27 twenty-seven 90 ninety
8 eight 18 eighteen 28 twenty-eight 100 a/one hundred
9 nine 19 nineteen 29 twenty-nine 1,000 a/one thousand
10 ten 20 twenty 30 thirty 1,000,000 a/one million

Hundreds and tens are usually separated by 'and' (in American English 'and' is not
necessary).

110 - one hundred and ten

1,250 - one thousand, two hundred and fifty
2,001 - two thousand and one
Hundreds
Use 100 always with 'a' or 'one'.
100 - a hundred / one hundred

'a' can only stand at the beginning of a number.

100 - a hundred / one hundred
2,100 - two thousand, one hundred

31
Thousands and Millions
Use 1,000 and 1,000,000 always with 'a' or 'one'.
1,000 - a thousand / one thousand
201,000 - two hundred and one thousand

Use commas as a separator.

57,458,302
The Number 1,000,000,000
In English this number is a billion. This is very tricky for nations where 'a billion' has
12 zeros. 1,000,000,000,000 in English, however, is a trillion.

But don't worry, these numbers are even a bit problematic for native speakers: for a
long time the British 'billion' had 12 zeros (a number with 9 zeros was called 'a
thousand million'). Now, however, also in British English 'a billion' has 9 zeros. But
from time to time this number still causes confusion
Singular or Plural?
Numbers are usually written in singular.

two hundred Euros

several thousand light years

The plural is only used with dozen, hundred, thousand, million, billion, if they are not
modified by another number or expression

32
 QUANTITIES

An expression of quantity tells the amount of something.

much or many? few or little?
"much" - not countable
"How much...?" With uncountable nouns in negative and questions.

FOR EXAMPLES:

How much homework do we get?

How much money do I need?
How much milk do you want?
Is there much sugar in my tea?
"many" - countable nouns

With countable nouns in negative and questions.

FOR EXAMPLE:

How many sisters does he have?

How many pupils are in this class?
How many books do you buy?
How many cows live on this farm?
"a few ..." countable nouns
Use "(A) few ..." with countable nouns.

33
FOR EXAMPLE:

There are just a few examples.

I meet a few friends
I see a few hundred pupils.
I've got few brothers.

"a little..." uncountable

Use "a little" with uncountable nouns.

FOR EXAMPLE:

There is little tea left.

Not a lot, only a little, please.
I've got little money.
Countable nouns and uncountable nouns
a lot of / lots of Use an exact quantity or a lot of / lots of
Examples:
There are 10 pupils.
There are a lot of cookies
They have got a lot of CDs.
There are a lot of things on your table.
We have got lots of money.
Note: Use of much in statements. Use much only in questions and negative
sentences.

34
FOR EXAMPLES:

1.- I have a Little chance of success

2.- I have a few ideas
3.- I have a some ideas
4.- The school has many students
5.- There is not much wter in the kettler
6.- The house has few romos
7.- The man has few problems
8.- There are many houses in the Street
9.- Russian has many forest
10.- The tree has many leaves

35
 YEAR AND NUMBERS

The years in English read in two parts:

1985: nineteen eigthy five

1066: ten sixty six
1800: eighteen hundred
1905: nineteen oh five

Here a few numbers in English:

Million: milln
Thousand: mil
Hundred: cien
1 111 111: One million, one hundred and eleven thousand, one hundred
and eleven.

1.- Use and for divide the unities of the Hundreds

2.- For indicate numbers specific not is used the plural with the determination
million, thousand and hundred.

FOR EXAMPLE:
Tres millones = Three million
Cuatrocientos = Four hundred

36
FOR EXAMPLES OF YEARS:

2017 Two thousand seventy

2002 Two thousand two
1998 Nineteen ninety-eight
1691 Sixteen ninety-one
1111 Eleven eleven
1755 Seventy fifty-five
1089 Ten eighty-nine
1512 Fifteen twelve
1345 Thirty fourty-fivr
1965 Ninety sixty-five

FOR EXAMPLE OF NUMBERS:

1,345 One thousand, Three hundred and fourty-five

9,290 Nine thousand, two hundred and ninety
10,578 Ten thousand, five hundred and seventy-eight
22,957 Twenty-two thousand, nine hundred and fifty-seven
10,805,812 Ten million, eight thousand five hundred and eight, hundred and
twelve
1,000,000 One million
22,789,329 Twenty-two million, seven hundred and eighty-nine, three hundred
and twenty-nine
15,651,903 Fifteen million, six hundred and fifty-one, nine hundred and three
30,112,103 Thirty million, one hundred and twelve, one hundred and three
33,434,564 Thirty-three million, four hundred and thirty-four, five hundred and
sixty-four

37
 ORDINAL NUMBERS

Ordinal Numbers from 1 through 1,000,000

1 st first 11Th Eleventh 21st twenty-first 31 st thirty-first

2 nd second 12Th Twelfth 22nd twenty-second 40 th fortieth

3 rd third 13Th Thirteenth 23rd twenty-third 50 th fiftieth

4 th fourth 14Th Fourteenth 24th twenty-fourth 60 th sixtieth

5 th fifth 15Th Fifteenth 25th twenty-fifth 70 th seventieth

6 th sixth 16Th Sixteenth 26th twenty-sixth 80 th eightieth

7 th seventh 17Th seventeenth 27th twenty-seventh 90 th ninetieth

8 th eighth 18Th Eighteenth 28th twenty-eighth 100 th one hundredth

9 th ninth 19Th Nineteenth 29th twenty-ninth 1,000 th one thousandth

10th tenth 20Th Twentieth 30th thirtieth 1,000,000th one millionth

Just add th to the cardinal number:

four - fourth
eleven - eleventh
Exceptions:
one - first
two - second
three - third
five - fifth
eight - eighth
nine - ninth
twelve - twelfth

38
In compound ordinal numbers, note that only the last figure is written as an ordinal
number:

421st = four hundred and twenty-first

5,111th = five thousand, one hundred and eleventh
Figures
When expressed as figures, the last two letters of the written word are added to the
ordinal number:

first = 1st
second = 2nd
third = 3rd
fourth = 4th
twenty-sixth = 26th
hundred and first = 101st

FOR EXAMPLE:

33rd. Thirty-third
1st. First
18th. Eighteenth
68th. Sixty-eighth
11th. Eleventh
32th. Thirty-second
100th. One hundredth
56th. Fifty-sixtyth
26th. Twenty-sixth
31st. Thirty-first

39
 SIMPLE PRESENT

The simple present, present simple or present indefinite is one of the verb forms
associated with the present tense in modern English. It is commonly referred to as
a tense, although it also encodes certain information about aspect in addition to
present time.

It is called "simple" because its basic form consists of a single word (like write or
writes), in contrast with other present tense forms such as the present progressive
(is writing) and present perfect (has written). For nearly all English verbs the simple
present is identical to the base form (dictionary form) of the verb, except when the
subject is third-person singular, in which case the ending -(e)s is added. There are
a few verbs with irregular forms, the most notable being the copula be, which has
the simple present forms am, is and are.

The principal use of the simple present is to refer to an action or event that takes
place habitually, as in He writes for a living (in contrast to the present progressive,
which refers to something taking place at the present moment: He is writing a letter
now). However certain verbs expressing a state, such as be and know, are used in
the simple present even when referring to a temporary present state. There are
also certain other uses (including those mentioned in the following paragraph) in
which the simple present does not reflect a habitual aspect.

Like other English present tense forms, the simple present has certain uses in
which it does not refer to present time. It frequently refers to the future, as in "My
train leaves tomorrow" and "If we win on Saturday, ...". It can also sometimes refer
to past events as in newspaper headlines, for example.

For more information about the uses of constructions related to or contrasting with
the simple present, see Uses of English verb forms

40
 SIMPLE PRESENT IN FORM AFIRMATIVE

The conjugation of a verb is as follows:

SINGULAR PLURAL
I LIVE WE LIVE
YOU LIVE YOU LIVE
HE LIVES THEY LIVE
SHE LIVES
IT LIVES

In the third person singular always changes the completion of the verb.

If the verb ends in S, X, Z, SH, CH, or O ES is added in the third person singular.

If the verb ends in Y precedence constant, and is changed to I and ES is added.

In English the subject of the action is always indicated either noun or pronoun

In English the sequence of a sentence usually is as follows:

SUBJECT / AGENT + ACTION + ELEMENT THAT COMPLETES THE ACTION

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- John Works in an office in London

2.- Susan plays in the ground tennis
3.- Students go to the Enclish class
4.- Gilbert prepares house supper
5.- My mother sews my sock
6.- We to go the cinema
7.- The soldier fires the gun
8.- John writes You letters
9.- He director has important meeting
10.- Trees grows in the forest in Brazil

41
 SIMPLE PRESENT IN FORM NEGATIVE

To form a negative sentence in time to appear with any verb other than auxiliary
verb is used DO.

In the third person singular is used auxiliary DOES

By using the DO / DOES auxiliary the main verb is in the infinitive To from without
particle without changing its completion.

In the oral form it is permitted to use contractions DO NOT / DOES NOT.

You can use DO / DOES to make brief answer, but to respond more fully is not
necessary to use auxiliary.

In a negative sentence the word NOT is placed after the auxiliary DO / DOES.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- John doesnt Work in an office in London

2.- Susan doesnt play in the ground tennis
3.- Students dont go to the Enclish class
4.- Gilbert dont prepare house supper
5.- My mother dont sew my sock
6.- We dont to go the cinema
7.- The soldier doesnt fire the gun
8.- John doesnt write You letters
9.- He director dont have important meeting
10.- Trees dont grow in the forest in Brazil

42
 SIMPLE PRESENT IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

To form a Interrogative sentence in time to appear with any verb other than
auxiliary verb is used DO.

In the third person singular is used auxiliary DOES

By using the DO / DOES auxiliary the main verb is in the infinitive To from without
particle without changing its completion.

In the oral form it is permitted to use contractions DO NOT / DOES NOT.

You can use DO / DOES to make brief answer, but to respond more fully is not
necessary to use auxiliary.

In a negative sentence the word NOT is placed after the auxiliary DO / DOES.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- Does John Work in an office in London?

2.- Does Susan play in the ground tennis?
3.- Do Students go to the Enclish class?
4.- Does Gilbert prepare house supper?
5.- Does My mother sew my sock?
6.- Do We to go the cinema?
7.- Does The soldier fire the gun?
8.- Does John write You letters?
9.- Does He director have important meeting?
10.- Does Trees grow in the forest in Brazil?

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 SIMPLE PAST

The simple past, past simple or past indefinite, sometimes called the preterite, is
the basic form of the past tense in Modern English. It is used principally to describe
events in the past, although it also has some other uses. Regular English verbs
form the simple past in -ed; however there are a few hundred irregular verbs with
different forms.

The term "simple" is used to distinguish the syntactical construction whose basic
form uses the plain past tense alone, from other past tense constructions which
use auxiliaries in combination with participles, such as the past perfect and past
progressive.

SINGULAR PLURAL
I WAS WE WERE
YOU WAS YOU WERE
HE WAS THEY WERE
SHE WAS
IT WAS

To form the negation last time the word NOT is inserted after the verb forms WAS /
WERE. Examples:

1. I was not sick

2. They Were not at work

To build the interrogative form in the past tense WAS or WERE precedes the
subject. examples:

1. Were theyat the cinema yesterday?

Verb forms can be collapsed with the words NOT as follows:

I wasnt It wasnt We werent
You wasnt You werent
He wasnt They werent
She wasnt

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 SIMPLE PAST IN FORM AFIRMATIVE (REGULAR VERBS)

English past tense in regular verbs is formed by adding the infinitive ed without
particula To. If the verb in the infinitive ternina e, attached only d. This time
corresponds to preterito in Spanish, and sometimes the copretrito.

It is combined as follows:

SINGULAR PLURAL
I Talked* WE Talked
YOU Talked YOU Talked
HE Talked THEY Talked
SHE Talked
IT Talked

If the verb ends simply with sound / d / o / t /, ed termination is pronounced as

/ ed /. Examples:

1.- Want - wanted

2.- Add added

If the verb simply ends with the sound of / c /, / ch /, / f /, / k /, / p /, / s /, / sh / o / x

/, ed termination is pronounced as / t /.

1.- Wash - washed

2.- Ask - asked

In all other cases the termination ed is pronounced as / d /

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FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- My mother cooked chicken for dinner

2.- He played the guitar last night
3.- The plicemen asked the man a question
4.- We visited england last year
5.- The both enjoyed the show
6.- He studied at the university for 4 years
7.- My aunt used her new laptop.
8.- My uncle married a pretty woman
9.- My brother listened to music
10.- My granny walked to the shop

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 SIMPLE PAST IN FORM AFIRMATIVE (IRREGULAR VERBS)

Irregular verbs are those that do not carry the termination ed in the past and past
participle. There are three main groups of irregular verbs:

1. Verbs with identical forms in the infinitive, past and past participle.
2. Verbs with different forms in the infinitive, past and past participle.
3. Verbs with identical forms in the past and the past participle, but with a different
infinitive

No change in conjuacion of the third person singular in the affirmative form in the
past tense.

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- I became the best lawyer

2.- You broke the toy
3.- He caught the ball
4.- She came at my house
5.- It cost expensive
6.- They drew a car
7.- We drove a car
8.- I fed at my granny
9.- I forgot my glasses
10.- I lent money

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 SIMPLE PAST IN FORM NEGATIVE

To form a negative sentence in the past tense (regular and irregular verbs), the
auxiliary verb did is used with the infinitive of any main verb without the particle to.
Example:

1.- I didnt see him.

Did It is used.
The negative contraction is didnt (did not) for all people.

FOR EXAMPLE (REGULAR VERBS):

1.- My mother didnt cook chicken for dinner

2.- He didnt play the guitar last night
3.- The plicemen didnt ask the man a question
4.- We didnt visit england last year
5.- The both didnt enjoy the show
6.- He didnt study at the university for 4 years
7.- My aunt didnt use her new laptop.
8.- My uncle didnt marry a pretty woman
9.- My brother didnt listen to music
10.- My granny didnt walk to the shop

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FOR EXAMPLE (IRREGULAR VERBS):

1.- I didnt become the best lawyer

2.- You didnt break the toy
3.- He didnt catch the ball
4.- She didnt come at my house
5.- It didnt cost expensive
6.- They didnt draw a car
7.- We didnt drive a car
8.- I didnt feed at my granny
9.- I didnt forget my glasses
10.- I didnt lend money

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 SIMPLE PAST IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

To form an interrogative sentence in the past tense (regular and irregular verbs),
the auxiliary verb did is used with the infinitive of any main verb without the particle
to. Example:

1.- Did he go ?

Did It is used.
The negative contraction is didnt (did not) for all people.

To give a short answer is used:

1. Yes, I did
2. No, I didnt

By responding in a complete form the auxiliary (yes) it is not used. Examples:

Yes, I saw him.

Unless you want to emphasize the response. Example:

Yes, I did see him.

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FOR EXAMPLE (REGULAR VERBS):

1.- Did My mother cook chicken for dinner?

2.- Did He play the guitar last night?
3.- Did The plicemen ask the man a question?
4.- Did We visit england last year?
5.- Did The both enjoy the show?
6.- Did He study at the university for 4 years?
7.- Did My aunt use her new laptop?
8.- Did My uncle marry a pretty woman?
9.- Did My brother listen to music?
10.- Did My granny walk to the shop?

FOR EXAMPLE (IREGULAR VERBS):

1.- Did I become the best lawyer?

2.- Did You break the toy?
3.- Did He catch the ball?
4.- Did She come at my house?
5.- Did It cost expensive?
6.- Did They draw a car?
7.- Did We drive a car?
8.- Did I feed at my granny?
9.- Did I forget my glasses?
10.- Did I lend money?

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 FUTURE SIMPLE

In grammar, a future tense is a verb form that generally marks the event described
by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future. An
example of a future tense form is the French aimera, meaning "will love", derived
from the verb aimer ("love"). English does not have a future tense formed by verb
inflection in this way, although it has a number of ways to express the future,
particularly the construction with the auxiliary verb will or shall or is/am/are going to
and grammarians differ in whether they describe such constructions as
representing a future tense in English.

The "future" expressed by the future tense usually means the future relative to the
moment of speaking, although in contexts where relative tense is used it may
mean the future relative to some other point in time under consideration. Future
tense can be denoted by the glossing abbreviation FUT.

CONTRACTIONS

I will = Ill
We will = well
You = youll
He will = hell
She will = shell
They will = theyll
Will not = wont

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 FUTURE SIMPLE IN FORM AFIRMATIVE

Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and "be going to." Although
the two forms can sometimes be used interchangeably, they often express two
very different meanings. These different meanings might seem too abstract at first,
but with time and practice, the differences will become clear. Both "will" and "be
going to" refer to a specific time in the future.

Affirmative

I will Go

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- She will iron the clothes

2.- I will become the best doctor
3.- You will go late at the party
4.- He will begin your homework
5.- She will buy much clothes
6.- It will burn
7.- We will eat fish
8.- They will grow
9.- I will learn
10.- You will oversleep

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 FUTURE SIMPLE IN FORM NEGATIVE

Negative

They will not see

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- She will not iron the clothes

2.- I will not become the best doctor
3.- You will not go late at the party
4.- He will not begin your homework
5.- She will not buy much clothes
6.- It will not burn
7.- We will not eat fish
8.- They will not grow
9.- I will not learn
10.- You will not oversleep

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 FUTURE SIMPLE IN FORM INTERROGATIVE

Interrogative

Will She ask?

FOR EXAMPLE:

1.- Will she iron the clothes?

2.- Will I become the best doctor?
3.- Will You go late at the party?
4.- Will He begin your homework?
5.- Will She buy much clothes?
6.- Will It burn?
7.- We will eat fish?
8.- Will They grow?
9.- Will I learn?
10.- Will You oversleep?

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 CONCLUSION

PRESENTED TO END THIS ANTHOLOGY, THE SOLE

PURPOSE IT IS AN INSTRUMENT THAT SERVE AND
OCCUPY THIS NEW GENERATIONS OF
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION FOR DESARROLARSE
IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE FOREIGN
LANGUAGE OF BRITISH ENGLISH.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY:

1.- SYNTHESIS OF ENGLISH GRAMMAR 1, T. B. HARDEN ATKINSON

2.- LEARN ENGLISH OUT OF TEACHER, ISABEL BAKER

3.- ENGLISH GRAMMAR, EDITION 6TH, FRANCISCO SANCHEZ

BENEDITO

4.- SUMMARY PRACTICAL ENGLISH GRAMMAR, ROBERT J. DIXSON

AND JULIO I. ANDUJAR.

5.- ENGLISH GRAMMAR IN USE, RAYMOND MURPHY

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