Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

Chapter01
TestBank:TheEvolutionofMicroorganismsandMicrobiology

True/FalseQuestions

1.Microorganismscontain50%ofthebiologicalcarbonand90%ofthebiologicalnitrogen
onEarth.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld

FillintheBlankQuestions

2.Alllivingorganismscanbeplacedintooneofthree__________,whichincludethe
Bacteria,Archaea,andtheEukarya.
domains

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

3.Archaeaareprokaryotesthathaveuniquecellmembrane__________.
lipids

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:Prokaryotes

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

True/FalseQuestions

4.Microbiologistsstudyavarietyoforganisms,butallareconsideredmembersofeither
BacteriaorArchaea.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Apply
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld

5.Alleukaryoteshaveamembranedelimitednucleus.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:Eukaryotes

6.Virusesarenotgenerallystudiedbymicrobiologistsbecausetheyarenotclassifiedas
livingorganisms.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:VirusesandAcellularInfectiousAgents

7.Virusesconstitutethefourthdomainoflifeincurrentbiologicalclassificationschemes.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Evaluate
Section1.01
Topic:VirusesandAcellularInfectiousAgents

MultipleChoiceQuestions

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

8.Protistscontainallofthefollowingformsoflifeexcept
A.protozoa.
B.fungi.
C.slimemolds.
D.algae.

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:MicrobialWorld

9.Cellswitharelativelycomplexmorphologythathaveatruemembranedelimitednucleus
arecalled
A.prokaryotes.
B.eukaryotes.
C.urkaryotes.
D.nokaryotes.

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:Eukaryotes

10.Cellswitharelativelysimplecellmorphologythatdonothaveatruemembrane
delimitednucleusarecalled
A.prokaryotes.
B.eukaryotes.
C.urkaryotes.
D.nokaryotes.

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.01
Topic:Prokaryotes

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

11.TheribosomalRNAstudiesthatledtothedivisionofprokaryoticorganismsintothe
BacteriaandtheArchaeawerebegunby
A.Pasteur
B.Woese
C.Needham
D.Watson

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.01
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

12.Definitionoflifeincludesallofthefollowingexcept
A.cellsmaintaininternalorder
B.cellsuseenergyandhaveametabolism
C.cellsreproduce
D.cellslackresponsetoexternalenvironment

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialWorld

13.Proteinsfunctioninmoderncellsas
A.catalysts
B.hereditaryinformation
C.structuralelements
D.bothAandC

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialWorld

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

14.RNAservestoconverttheinformationstoredinDNAto________.
A.carbohydrates
B.protein
C.lipids
D.RNA

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.02
Topic:Genetics

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

15.Catalyticproteinsspeedupthemyriadofchemicalreactionsthatoccurincells;these
proteinsareknownas
A.ribozymes
B.nucleicacids
C.enzymes
D.lipids

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialMetabolism

True/FalseQuestions

16.Theearliestmicrobialfossilsthathavebeenfoundaredatedfromapproximately4.5
millionyearsago.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.02
Topic:MicrobialWorld

MultipleChoiceQuestions

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

17.Whichofthefollowingdistinguishthefieldofmicrobiologyfromotherfieldsof
biology?
A.thesizeoftheorganismstudied
B.thetechniquesusedtostudyorganismsregardlessoftheirsize
C.boththesizeoftheorganismstudiedandthetechniquesemployedinthestudyof
organisms
D.neitherthesizeoftheorganismstudiednorthetechniquesemployedinthestudyof
organismsregardlessoftheirsize

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:ToolsandMethodsofCulturing,Classifying,andIdentifyingMicroorganisms

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

18.Whoofthefollowingdevelopedasetofcriteriathatcouldbeusedtoestablishacausative
linkbetweenaparticularmicroorganismandaparticulardisease?
A.Fracastoro
B.Koch
C.Pasteur
D.Lister

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

19.Whoofthefollowingwasthefirsttoobserveandaccuratelydescribemicroorganisms?
A.Pasteur
B.Lister
C.vanLeeuwenhoek
D.Tyndall

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

20.Whoofthefollowingprovidedtheevidenceneededtodiscredittheconceptof
spontaneousgeneration?
A.Pasteur
B.Koch
C.Semmelweiss
D.Lister

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

21.Theconceptthatlivingorganismsarisefromnonlivingmaterialiscalled
A.biogenesis.
B.celltheory.
C.spontaneousgeneration.
D.germtheory.

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

22.Theconceptthathumanandanimaldiseasesarecausedbymicroorganismsiscalledthe
A.celltheory.
B.germtheory.
C.causativetheory.
D.diseasetheory.

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:InfectionandDisease

23.Whoseworkonspontaneousgenerationfirstdemonstratedtheexistenceofaveryheat
resistantformofbacteriathatarecalledendospores?
A.Schwann
B.Redi
C.Tyndall
D.Pasteur

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

24.Antisepticsurgerywaspioneeredby
A.Pasteur.
B.Lister.
C.Jenner.
D.Kitasato.

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

25.StudiesbyEmilvonBehringandShibasaburoKitasatodemonstratedthatinactivated
toxinscaninducethesynthesisofantitoxinsinthebloodofrabbits.Theseantitoxins
(antibodies)arethebasisof
A.humoralimmunity.
B.cellmediatedimmunity.
C.antibioticimmunity.
D.phagocytemediatedimmunity.

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

26.Thefirstsurgicalantiseptictobeusedwas
A.iodine.
B.ethanol.
C.phenol.
D.noneofthechoices.

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

27.Oldculturesofbacteriathathavelosttheirabilitytocausediseasearesaidtobe
A.impotent.
B.virulent.
C.pathogenic.
D.attenuated.

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:InfectionandDisease

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

28.Whoiscreditedwithdevelopinganddocumentingthefirstvaccinationprocedureagainst
smallpox?
A.Koch
B.Pasteur
C.Jenner
D.Lister

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

29.Whoiscreditedwithdevelopingavaccineagainstchickencholera?
A.Koch
B.Pasteur
C.Jenner
D.Lister

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

30.Whoofthefollowingfirstdiscoveredthatsomebloodleukocytescouldengulfdisease
causingbacteria?
A.vonBehring
B.Meister
C.Metchnikoff
D.Ivanowski

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

31.Theuseofenrichmentculturesandselectivemediawaspioneeredby
A.Beijerinck.
B.Jenner.
C.Pasteur.
D.vonBehring.

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

True/FalseQuestions

32.FannyHessefirstsuggestedthatagarbeusedtosolidifymicrobiologicalmedia.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

33.M.J.BerkeleydemonstratedthatthegreatpotatoblightofIrelandwascausedbya
fungus.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

34.Invisiblelivingcreatureswerethoughttoexistandcausediseaselongbeforetheywere
everobserved.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

35.Koch'spostulateswereinstrumentalinestablishingthatMycobacteriumlepraeisthe
causeofleprosy.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

36.EdwardJenner'sworkinpreventingrabiesledtotheuseofthetermvaccinationto
describeatypeofprocedureusedinthepreventionofdisease.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

37.Althoughdevelopedover100yearsago,Koch'spostulatescontinuetobeused
successfullyinallknownhumaninfectiousdiseases.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

38.Thecriteriaforestablishingacausativelinkbetweenaparticularmicroorganismanda
particulardiseasewerefirstproposedbyJacobHenle.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

39.Virusesandbacteriawerefirstculturedinthelaboratoryataboutthesametime.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

40.Agarisusedasasolidifyingagentformicrobiologicalmediabecauseitisnotreadily
digestedbymostmicroorganisms.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:ToolsandMethodsofCulturing,Classifying,andIdentifyingMicroorganisms

41.CharlesChamberlanddevelopedporcelainfiltersthatallowedotherscientiststo
demonstratethatvirusesaresmallerthanbacteria.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

42.Thefirstdiseasetobeidentifiedasbeingcausedbyaviruswastobaccomosaicdisease.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:VirusesandAcellularInfectiousAgents

43.JohnTyndalldemonstratedthatmicroorganismspresentintheairarecarriedondust
particles.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

44.AgastinoBassidemonstratedthatatypeofsilkwormdiseasewascausedbyafungusand
proposedthatmanydiseasesarecausedbymicroorganisms.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

45.Theusefulnessofagarinsolidifyingmicrobiologicalgrowthmediaislimitedbecauseit
doesnotremainsolidattemperaturesabout28oC.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:ToolsandMethodsofCulturing,Classifying,andIdentifyingMicroorganisms

46.RobertKochdevelopedavaccinethatcouldbeusedtopreventanthrax.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

FillintheBlankQuestions

47.ElieMetchnikoffdiscovered__________,whichisamajorfeatureofthehostimmune
response.
phagocytosis

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

48.AnItalianphysician,__________,challengedtheconceptofspontaneousgenerationby
demonstratingthatmaggotsdonotarisefromdecayingmeatbutratherfromdevelopingfly
eggs.
Redi

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

49.__________discoveredthatsoilbacteriacouldoxidizeiron,sulfur,andammoniato
obtainenergy.
Winogradsky

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

50.__________wasthefirsttoisolatearootnodulebacteriumcapableofnitrogenfixation.
Beijerinck

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

True/FalseQuestions

51.Theendosymbiotichypothesisisgenerallyacceptedastheoriginoftwoeukaryotic
organelles:mitochondriaandchloroplasts.
FALSE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.03
Topic:MicrobialWorld

52.Therelationshipbetweenspecificbacteriaandspecificdiseaseswasfirstdemonstratedby
Koch.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Remember
Section1.03
Topic:HistoryofMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

53.Somemicroorganismsareusefulinbioremediationprocessesthatreducetheeffectsof
pollution.
TRUE

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology

FillintheBlankQuestions

54.Thebranchofmicrobiologythatdealswithdiseasesofhumansandanimalsiscalled
__________microbiology.
medical

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology

55.Thebranchofmicrobiologythatdealswiththemechanismsbywhichthehumanbody
protectsitselffromdiseasecausingorganismsiscalled__________.
immunology

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:ImmunityandImmunization

56.__________microbiologistsmonitorcommunityfoodestablishmentsandwatersupplies
inordertocontrolthespreadofcommunicablediseases.
Publichealth

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

57.Thebranchofmicrobiologythatstudiestherelationshipbetweenmicroorganismsand
theirhabitatsiscalled__________.
microbialecology

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:MicrobialEcology

58.__________and__________microbiologyinvestigatesthespoilageofproductsfor
humanconsumptionandtheuseofmicroorganismsintheproductionofcheese,yogurt,
pickles,beer,andthelike.
Food,dairy

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology

59.__________microbiologyinvolvestheuseofmicroorganismstomakeproductssuchas
antibiotics,vaccines,steroids,alcohols,vitamins,aminoacids,andenzymes.
Industrial

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology

60.Microbial__________arescientistswhoinvestigatethesynthesisofantibioticsand
toxins,theproductionofenergywithmicroorganisms,andthewaysinwhichmicroorganisms
surviveharshenvironmentalconditions.
physiologists

Bloom'sLevel:Understand
Section1.04
Topic:AppliedandIndustrialMicrobiology

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Chapter 01 - Test Bank: The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

61.Microbial__________focusesonthenatureofheredityandhowitregulatesthe
developmentandfunctionofcellsandorganisms.
genetics

Bloom's Level: Understand

Section 1.04
Topic: Genetics

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