Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GENERATION GAP
Generation gap is the difference between the young and the old in priorities and
perceptions.
Change is inevitable as the world would always be on wheels.
Generation by generation situation changes and latter generation moulds itself to fit to the
new requirements.
Todays young generation got more exposure so; their intellectual horizon expanded
making them way smarter the earlier generation.
Generation gap stands for difference of attitude or a lack of cordial relations.
The Youth Of Today Is Lured More By The glitter of money than by the shine of moral
values.
In some cases seniors are also unflinching and uncompromising with the present scenario.
Generation stands on different peak.
None of the generation is right or wrong from their point of view.
The institution of family as the basic unit of society if undergoing many changes.
Old age home were originally built with an idea to give shelter to the old people who were
alone.
Old age people do not feel lonely as they get the people of same age.
In many countries, care of elder has become the priority for a government and other welfare
agencies.
Every age has its hey-days and leap days.
Ego problem comes as a hindrance between two generations.
Joint families have disintegrated giving birth to the establishment of old age homes.
Middle class has become more materialistic.
The parents feel neglected and take the old age homes as the last resort.
The old people have to embrace the winds of change but at the same time young people
must realize that one day they also have to be old and worm out.
MORAL VALUES
GLOBAL WARMING
The gradual increase in the tempreature of the earths atmosphere, belivved to be due to the
greenhouse effect, caused by increased pollution.
Global warming leads to melting of polar ice which can cause a rise in sea level.
To combat incrasing greenhouse gases and global warming. There should be combniond
efforts of all the world nations.
If steps are not taken on a war footing, there will be soon a time when humans will be left
with no place to live and fresh water to drink.
BIOTERRORISM
Terrorism involving the release of toxic biological agents
A bioterrorism attack is the deliberate release of viruses, bactena, or, other germs (agents)
used to cause illness of death in people, animals, or plants
Biological agents can be spread through the air, through water or in food.
A biological weapon may ultimately prove more powerful than a conventional weapon
because its effects can be far-reaching and uncontrollable
Preparing a strategy to defend aganst these types of organism whether in a natural or
genetically modified state, is difficult.
BIO DEVERSITY
CAPITAL PUNISHMENT
CORPORAL PUNISHMENT
a. Corporal punishment is the use of physical force causing pain, but not wounds, as a means of
discipline.
b. Fear of punishment has a great impact in preyenting many people from committing crimes.
c. Corporal punishment, as the strongest from of negative punishment generate a degree of
moral character invaluable to the growth of a student.
d. Corporal punishment acclimate student to a social under that ultimately makes them more
easily fit in, become productive.
e. To keep corporal punishment working for us, make sure to not be overly angey while
administering it.
f. Corporal punishment must be used as part or a wider stategy and at the correct time: when
other immediate disipile has failed.
g. The suspect although innocent, is tortuted so much that he/she becomes a hardened criminal.
h. Victim of corporal punishment becomes abnormal or deformed physically and mentally.
i. The scars on the body may fade away with the passage of time but not those of the mind.
j. Exceptions are always there may be some hard core criminals need corporal punishment.
CLONING
a. Cloning is the production of one or more individual plants or animals that are genetically
identical to an original plant of animal.
b. To understand ageing better.
c. Reverse heart attacks.
d. Research genes and find cure for defective genes.
e. Allows an infertile couple to have a child
f. Fewer natural animals will be used for studies.
g. Ability to produce superhuman
h. It is time consuming countries could clone armies for annihilation.
i. Animal rights could be violated
j. Cloning is not cheap
k. Humans are sentimental beings, they are not made to be specimens.
BRAIN DRAIN
a. Space tourism is a futuristic idea which is much hyped by the science fiction writers.
b. It will be good options for those travel freaks that are not fed up of the earth travel
destination.
c. There is big risk of mishaps in this kind of travel due to technical failures.
d. Space travel cost would be out of reach of an ordinary man
e. Space exploration has helped in many ways, like in weather forecast taking picture of earth
and other planets.
f. Sometime it can be wastage of money and time.
g. Need to set a limited budget for space exploration, just to be helpful to mankind.
GLOBALIZATION
n. Increase in the chances of civil war withing developing countries and open war between
developing countries for resources.
RETIREMENT AGE
Human beings are more interested in physical comforts and material possessions.
Life expectancy is on the rise in many parts of the world.
History of humankind is the history of changes.
Change, a universal phenomena, is taking place constantly in all spheres of life.
Increased awareness among people about health and hygiene.
Better living facilities and nutrition.
People are more fashion-conscious these days.
Media give birth to the dictum better be out of the world than out of fashion
Euthanasia refers to the practice of ending life in a manner which relieves the pain and
suffering of the person/animal concerned.
We can never have sufficient evidence to be justified in believing that a dying persons request
to die is no justification in prolonging agony of a patient if there is no hope at all
Strict laws must be framed in this regard.
A big worry is that in several places where poverty is extensive , people would use this as a
weapon an not care for the old and in ones.
Even a patient can be victimized for some personal gains like property by getting a legal
Permission for mercy killing adopting wrong ways.
A hard nut to A difficult problem to solve Traffic congestion in big cities is a hard
crack hut to crack.
Dig ones own Be the cause of ones own ruin Youngsters dig their own grave by
taking to drugs.
Grid up ones Prepare for action People need to grid up their loin if they
loin want to root social evils such as drug
abuse, communalism etc.
Better late than never It is better to do something late than to not do it at all.
To err is human You should not be too harsh with some who makes a
mistake because all human beings make mistakes.
Better safe than sorry It is better to be careful than to take a chance and risk an
accident or illness or failure which you may regret.
Prevention is better than cure It is batter to prevent a problem or an illness in order to
avoid having to cure it.
Old habits die hard It is hard to stop doing something that has become a habit
even if you want to stop it.
Crime doesnt pay Crime is not profitable or beneficial and you will
probably be caught and punished.
The young man learned that crime doesnt pay when he
was arrested for stealing the bicycle.
Devil take the hindmost Everybody must look after their own interest or safety.
Give a dog bad name (and hang him) It is difficult to regain a reputation once lost.
Money is the root of all evils Money is the cause of most wrongdoing and problems in
the world.
HUMAN RIGHTS human rights refer to basic rights and freedom to which all humans are
entitled human right include civil and political rights, such as right to life and liberty, freedom
of expression and equality before the two; and economic, social and cultural right, including the
right to participate the culture , the right to food, the right to education protests against the
violation of human rights are progressive not regressive (= a step which pulls back).
CORRUPTION corruptio9n is not an infection of one country corruption in india has wings
not wheels corruption has its own way because everyone is happy and no one has any problem
whit it . (Greece ones palms). Everyone knows who the corrupts are but, the irony of our system
is such that on one can be touched. At present the situation is of who will bell the cat? reasons
flaws in legal difficulties, and low pay for public official.
MARKETING it is process of creating a need in the minds of people and satisfying it, giving
priority to customers. It directs goods or services from producers to consumer in a well organized
way giving priority for the customer satisfaction and accomplishing the company s objectives. It
focuses on need of the costumers.
A CUSTOMER IS NOT DEPENDENT ON US,WE ARE DEPENDENT ON CUSTOMER
THERE IS A SAYING THROUGH YOUR MARKETING TACTICS YOU CAN SELL A
PAIR OF COMBS EVEN TO A VALD
SOCIAL WORK Work carried out by trained personnel with the aim of alleviating the
conditions of those in need of help or welfare. The government can support social workers by
giving grants, land and other privileges to them.
CHARITY the voluntary giving of help , typically money , to those in need charity begins at
home, conveys a great message . family , the smallest social unit , is where people learn
thelessons of caring and sharing.
SOCIAL CLUBS a formal association of people with similar interests. There are different types
of social club for different type of people. Life in the present day world is full of stree and
tension and social club, to a great extent, act as safety valves to release these tensions. Clubs
organize various social activites like debates, cultural shows, fashion show, games, puppet show
etc.
ROAD ACCIDENTS (HIGH ROAD TOLL) Inadequate vehicle maintenance, road conditions,
Human error (drink driving, high speed, mobile phones)
SOLUTIONS: strict rules and regulations regarding safety measures and road and vehicle
condition, awareness programs, separate ways for pedestrians and cyclists. PREVENTION IS
BETTER THAN CURE safety measures include seat belty babys safety seat, air bags and
helmet.
BEAUTY CONTEST:- Beauty contest is the manifestation of human passion for beauty fashion
and design industry, textile industry etc. make huge profits from business generated by these
beauty contests. Beauty queens use their name and fame for various charotable purposes as weel
as for endorsing commercial products. In developing nations, the priority should be to eradicate
poverty and improve the quality of life of the less privileged. Many of the industries promoted by
beauty contests are not beneficial to the common man. A nations priority should be based on the
needs of the majority.
Nuclear technology : It is the technology that involves the reaction atomic nuclei. The survival
of mankind depends on the availability of atrernative energy sources and nuclear power is one
of them. Nuclear power is capable of generating electicity on a large scal. Nuclear technology is
also used to cure some aseases such as cancer. The emission of nuclear radiation can lead to
serious consequences. The burial of a dead nuclear reactor is a big prole, Nuclear weapons
have already been manufactured to destroy the plant completely.
ROBOTS AND MACHINES Robots usage in industries saves time and energy, production
increases, industries gain more profits, at present limited to only industries, but in future can
be used in medical field or even for household chores, will provide great help to home makers,
they will not need personal servants. On the other side maintenance cost is very high, incrases
unemployment, chances of teqhniq mishaps, sefetary lifestyle may invite a lot of diseases, may
be used for reasons, machins may control humans in future. Man is tool using animal . Man
has become tools of their machines.
BIOTECHNOLOGY. The expoitation of biological processes for inductrial and other purpose.
We hav used the biological processes of micr organisms to brew and wine, and to make foods
like bread and cheese. Researches can manipulate living organisms and transfer genetic
material between organisms. Modern techniques allow for the production of new and
improved foods. Virus resistant crop plants and animals have been deveooped and advances in
CHANDIGARH IELTS CHANDIGARH IELTS
CHANDIGARH IELTS
insect resistance have been made. Biotechnology is also being applied in the areas of pollution
control, mining and enegy production Generic methods can be used to identy particular
populations of endangered species.
GM FOOD Genetically modified foods (GM foods, or blotech foods) are foods produced from
genetically modified organisms (GMOs), specifically, genetically modified crops GMOs have
had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. With GM,
the maximum land can be used for agricultural purposes. It wil reduce the number of crop
waste. Desired characteristic of crops can be achieved in short time. Owing to gene
manipulation, fruits or vegetables can have a longer storage and shelf life. They would be
incrased in flavor and nutritive value. Genes for the cures of diseases can also be transferred to
crops for our benefits. By the intake of genetically modified food, people become vulnerable to
potential health hazards i.e allergy, anitibiotics resistance. Insufficient testing will affect
qualityof food . GM food may lead to global food shortage and large scale health hazards.
MUSEUM- A museum is a place to keep antiques and interesting objects for the public to see and
observe.
a. People of all age groups visit museums for enjoyment, education and entertainment.
b. Govemment should charge a fee on visitors to have access to museums and art galleries, as they
satisfy the need of different people.
c. Museums attract more visitors, as they are areas of interest for tourist the world over.
d. Visiting such places is a welcome change to both young and elderly in this age of stress.
e. Museums can be called bridge between the past and present.
f. Museum help in preserving the cultural and heritage of a society.
LAW ENFORCEMENT
DISABLED PEOPLE
a. Mere exitense does not mean that one is living, but one should have a life to dignity even if he is
disabled.
b. Disabled people are discriminated every where.
c. In some countries, disabilities are considered as a crush of god.
d. Unfortunately, disabled people are found to be a social sitgma.
e. Even society avoids the disabled by avandoning then from the main stream.
f. All public place should have faculties to support people with special needs.
g. Financial assurance should be given by reserving there seats for jobs.
h. Free educational facilities should be provided to them.
i. There are many disabled people who rose to fem in many parts of the world.
j. Special lows need to be in enforced against any discriminations.
ARTISTS
a. Everybody be they bright or doll, must try to excel in English as it is the language of success.
b. English, the lingua franca of the world.
c. Essential requirements to excel in life in the changed global scenario.
d. The foremost reason why millions of people wish to study English is its dynamism.
e. English in the richest in literature and vocabulary.
f. The English language occupies a very significant place in the modern world.
g. Students have to live in a different culture and climate.
h. Homesickness.
i. Difference in language can hinder study.
Fashion
STRESS - SUCCESS IN LIFE DOES NOT MEAN THAT LIFE IS PROBLEM FREE.
FOSSIL FUELS:- A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the ecological past from the remains of living
organism. Our dependence on fossil cannot continue indefinitely on account of their scarcity and the
pollution they cause. Solar energy and nuclear energy can be the alternatives. Recent inventions and
discoveries are making solar power more reliable. Besides wind, wind, geothermal energy, hydroelectric
power and fuel cell technology are other alternative sources. Hydro electricity is already prevalent in
many parts of the world. Global warming and damage to the ozone payer are causes by carbon dioxide
and other by-products of fossil fuels.
Crime Against Women:- Although women may be victims of all kinds of crime, be it cheating, murder,
robbery etc., get the crimes in which only women are victims and which are directed specifically against
them are characterized as crime against women. Rape, kidnapping and abduction torture physical and
mental ( including wife battering), molestation sexual harassment, importation of girls, immoral traffic,
dowry prohibition, committing sati and indecent representation of women. Only legislation and law
enforcement agencies cannot prevent the incident of crime against women. There is need of social
awaking and change in the attitude of masses, so that due respect and equal status is given to women.
Its a time when the women need to be given her due. This awakening can be brought by education
campaign among youth making then aware of existing social evils and the means to eradicate same.
Mass media can play an active role here as in the present days it has reached every corner of the nation.
Various NGOs can hold a responsible position here by assigning them with the task of highlighting socio-
economic causes leading to such crimes and by disseminating information about their catastrophic
effect on the womanhood and the society at large.
E-WASTE: electronic waste electronic devices such as redio, television, computer, must system etc.
computer a good deal of plastic waste as it is the main ingredient of the computer cabin, keyboard, mouse,
monitor, printer etc. floppy discs, Cds and DVD also contain plastic materials. Plastic is non-biofrgradable and
its burning results in the emission of servral harmful chemicals into the atmosphere. The real solution to this
problem lies in recycling. But recycling needs lots of electricity.
E-LEARNING: e-Learning comprises all forms of electronics supported learning and teaching. E-learning is
the use of network technology to create, foster, deliver and facilitate learning anytime, anywhere E-learning
is must tokeep up the need of global competition. As times have changed the earlier we are good at e-
learning the better it is to improve the quality of life.
E-COMMERCE:- Commerce conducted electronically (as on internet). The sale of goods and services on a
globa; basis by means of the internet or other computer networks. it offers convince to buyers and it save a
lot of time. customers cannt test the comfort and quality of products. credit card transaction are insecure.
ROTE LEARNING: The process of learning something by mechanical repetition-parrot like repetition to study
something. Traditional learning makes student passive-Learning by heart is reproducing during examination.
Self-motivated learners dont really need teachers to instruct them. This type of learning does not help
students to understand the meaning or signidicance of lessons. This is a regressive form of learning.
DISTANCE EDUCATION education that takes place when the students and instructor are separated by time
and space. The aim os to deliver education to students who are not physically on site. Students can learn
from anywhere anytime.
TOURISM: the commercial organization and operation of vocation and visit to places of interest. Tourism
generates income for government and people. It broadens people mind and reduces cultural shock. It
provides jobs in several area like transport, hotels and shoping. It leads to the accumulation of waste. It can
increase crimes and possible spred of diseases. The local residents might start following the way tourists live
and country may lose its original values and sense of identify.
ECO-TOURISM (also known as ecological tourism) it is a form of tourism involving visiting fragile, pristine,
and environment and improves the welf-being of local people. It is to build cultural the environment
awareness and respect among the people Eco-tourism provides a full ranges of services including
transportation, food, lodginh, guiding, and interpretation that cause minimal damage to the biological and
cultural environment. Eco-tourism activites include: bird and wildwife watching, hiking, backpacking, Nature
study, Photography, Boating, Biking, Camping and picnicking
(parents also
obese) of
certain
lionesses
Effects Effects Effects Effects
(What) (What) (What) (What)
- Uneducated - Broken homes - Poor health - Waste time
society - Nobody is (high blood - Become more
- Negative responsible for the pressure, careless and
impact on the children heart inattentive, lose
economy - Children may diseases, ability to be
- Cant cope with become violent or diabetes. independent.
new technology depressed - Lower self - Health problems (
- Classifies - Economic man may esteem. obesity, eye
people in the pay alimony to his - Limited problems, back
community into ex-wife employment ( pain, RSI)
different social - It may be difficult hard to get a - Become antisocial
levels. for someone to re job) - Learn bad things
- Low self esteem marry. - Economic ( from certain
for dropouts hospitals need websites or
- Creates more more money chatting with bad
family problems and people.
( Vicious circle overweight - Computer
cause becomes person pays a (viruses)
effect and lot for special
becomes a diets)
cause again) - Difficult to get
married.