2000 1 ( 33 )

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Pragmatics and Memory

Gui Shichun

Abstract Linguist ic communication is cogni tion-based , because use of language involves

all sort s of psychological represent at ions and know ledge structures sto red in our brain .Being
t he underlying st ructure of cogni tion , memory is a psy chobiological interf ace :
universal in its
biological perspective , but individualistic in it s psychological perspective .
Every individual
t ries to set up his or her ow n sit uational or mental model in communicat ion .
Use of language
perception and at tention), wo rking memory (memory load , meaning
involves senso ry register(
sto rage , f oreground and f ocus), and longterm memory (linguistic and no n-linguist ic know l-
edge , shared knowledge).
Some pragmatic failures are actually memory failures .

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Roger :
now ,-um do you and your husband have a car ? [ , ?]
Nina :
-have a car ? [ ?]
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yeah .
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The puppy trod on a w asp .[ ]
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T he puppy w as very happy .[ ]
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1.Wilbur is a fine scient ist and a thoughtful guy .
[ Wilbur
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2.He g ave me a book a while back which I really liked .
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6.because they indicate the need for element ary field t heo ries of a complex nature .
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Ann :
Will you have a glass of brandy ? [ , ?]
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You know I am a good Moslem [ ]
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2000 1 69
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Do y ou w ant some coffee ?[ ?]
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Cof fee w ould keep me aw ake [ ]
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[ 1 ] Edw ards, D .
1997. London :
Discourse and Cog nition. Sage Publicatio ns.
[ 2 ] , , 1986
[ 3 ] Hering , E . M emory as a universal function of organized matter .In Butler , S .
1920. (ed.
)Unconscious
Memory .
London :
Jo nathan Cape .
[ 4 ] Baddeley , A .
1990.Human memory :
T heory and Practice .
Hillsdate :
L aw rence Erlbaum .
[ 5 ] Miller , G . T he magical number of seven , plus or minus two :
1956. Some limits on our capacity for process-
ing information .
Psychological Rev iew , 63 , 81 97 .
[ 6 ] Sachs, J.
1967 .
Recog nition memory for sy ntactic and semantic aspects of connected discourse.Perception
& Psychophysics , 2 , 437 442 .
[ 7 ] K eenan, J.,M ac W hinney , B., & M ayhew , D .
1977 .
P rag matics in memory :
A study of natural observa-
Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior , 18, 59 560.
tio n.
[ 8 ] Bates, E .
, & M ac W hinney , B . Competition, variatio n, and lang uage learning .
1987. In B.
M ac W hinney
(Ed.
), Mechanisms of Language Acquisition (157 194).
Hillsdale , NJ :
Lawrence Erlbaum .
[ 9 ] Tulving , E .
1972 .
Episodic and semantic memory .
In T ulving .
E.& Donaldson , W .
(Eds .
), Organization
and Memory .
NY:
Academic Press.
[ 10] Wyer , Jr .
R.& Srull, T .
1989.Memory and Cognition in its Social Context .
Hillsdale , N J:
Law rence Erl-
baum .
[ 11] johnson-Laid , P .
1983 .
Mental models .
Cambridg e :
Cambridge University Press.
[ 12] Van Dijk , T ., & K intsch, G . S trategies of Discourse Comprehension .
1983. N ew Yor k:
A cademic Press.
[ 13] Sidner , C .
(1983)F ocusing in the Comprehension of Definite Anapho ra .
I n Brady , et al(Eds .
) Com-
putaional Models of Discourse .
Cambridge , M ass .
:M IT Press .
( , :
510420)

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