H2B Sanitation Schemes

NWFP Environmental Protection Agency
Environmental Guidelines
Sanitation Schemes
No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 1 of 20
Contents
1. Introduction.........................................................................................1
1.1 Scope of the Guidelines .............................................................................. 1
1.2 How to use these Guidelines ...................................................................... 1
1.3 Glossary ....................................................................................................... 2
2. Project Profile .....................................................................................3

2.1 Project Description...................................................................................... 3
2.2 Environmental Aspects ............................................................................... 3
2.3 Mitigation Options ....................................................................................... 5
Environmental Assessment Checklist ...................................................10
1. Introduction
The selection of an appropriate technical Sewers and sewage systems

system for wastewater entails a careful
process based on technical,
environmental, health, social, 1.2 How to use these Guidelines
institutional, financial and economic
The project proponent (the local
considerations.
government, municipal government, city
1.1 Scope of the Guidelines government, the cantonment board,
These guidelines are applicable to NGO, or private organization) is obliged
sanitation projects costing less than to use these guidelines. The project
Rupees ten million. It includes the proponent has to fill in an environmental
following type of projects: assessment form. The following steps
are to be taken in this regard:
Latrines
Step 1: Provide information on project
Septic tank and leach field [use Section I]
systems
H2B-Sanitation Schemes
Sanitation Schemes
Step 2: Determine Applicability (Are Disease Vectors insects or small

you sure that IEE or EIA is not mammals carrying disease-causing
required?) [use Section II] germs
Step 3: Describe the physical, biological Environment means (a) air, water and
and social environment [use land; (b) all layers of the atmosphere; (c)
Section III] all organic and inorganic matter and
living organisms; (d) the ecosystem and
Step 4: Assess potential impacts and
ecological relationships; (e) buildings,
applicable mitigation measures
structures, roads, facilities and works; (f)
[use Section IV]
all social and economic conditions
Step 5: Provide undertaking to the EPA affecting community life; and (g) the
on mitigation measures and inter-relationships between any of the
compliance [use Section V] factors in sub-clause (a) to (f).
Completed form is to be submitted to the Environmental Assessment a technique
NWFP Environmental Protection and a process by which information
Agency for evaluation. NWFP EPA about the environmental effects of a
may request for additional information project is collected, both by the
or decide to undertake visit to the developer and from other sources, and
proposed project site in order to assess taken into account by the planning
the environmental impact of the authority in forming their judgments on
proposed project. whether the development should go
ahead.
Ecosystem a biological community plus
1.3 Glossary the surrounding physical environment
Act means the Pakistan Environmental Endangered Species a species in danger
Protection Act, 1997 of becoming extinct
Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) Greywater is the water that has been
BOD is a measurement of oxygen used once in a house or building for
required by bacteria to oxidize (stabilize) washing clothes, shower, bathing, hand
the organic matter in the wastewater washing , or dishwashing and can
Blackwater is wastewater from toilets therefore be used again in toilets or to
and latrines containing feces or body water gardens and landscaping.
fluids and water from sinks used for Impact on Environment means any
food preparation or disposal of chemical effect on land, water, air or any other
or biological ingredients. component of the environment, as well
Contamination introduction of as on wildlife harvesting, and includes
impurities in the environment any effect on the social and cultural
environment or on heritage resources.
Drain A channel or pipe along which
liquid drains away; esp. (a) a pipe for Infiltration seepage of water intro
leading away rainwater etc.; (b) an open ground
channel made to drain an area of land; an Invasive Non-native Species a species
artificial river that is introduced into an area or region
from outside
Sanitation Schemes
Mitigation Measure means a measure settle and accumulate and is purified by

for the control, reduction or elimination the action of anaerobic bacteria
of an adverse impact of a development Sewer a conduit that carries away
on the environment, including a sewage or wastewater
restorative measure.
Stabilization Ponds shallow ponds or
Pathogens the microorganisms that are lagoons constructed to treat domestic
capable of producing disease wastewater
Potable water is water that is safe for Sludge any muddy or slimy matter or
drinking and cooking deposit; a thick suspension of fine
Regulations means the Pakistan particles or gel in a liquid, esp. one
Environmental Protection Agency formed as waste in any of various
Review of Initial Environmental industrial and mechanical processes
Examination and Environment Impact Soil Erosion physical removal of soil,
Assessment Regulations, 2000 either by wind or by running water
Sanitation treatment and disposal of Sedimentation Deposition of material in
sewage the form of sediment, as a geological
Soakway a pit into which wastewater process, or in a liquid in a tank,
flows in order to drain slowly out into centrifuge, etc
the surrounding soil Suspended Solids (SS) organic and
Septic Tank a tank (associated either inorganic particles, which do not
with a sewage works or with a residence dissolve in the wastewater but remain
not connected to a sewer) in which the suspended
solid content of sewage is allowed to
2. Project Profile
2.1 Project Description Water-borne sewage with

disposal to surface waters
Sanitation projects involve construction
of: 2.2 Environmental Aspects
Individual latrines Site Selection
Community latrines Damage to sensitive ecosystems
Small-scale septic and leach field or endangered species
systems
Construction of Buildings and
Settled and simplified sewers structures
Water stabilization ponds Damage to sensitive ecosystems
Constructed wetlands or endangered species
Cause erosion and sedimentation
Sanitation Schemes
Soakways and Drains Contaminate surface water

Cause erosion supplies with nutrients,
biological oxygen demand
Alter the natural flow of (BOD), suspended solids (SS)
rainwater runoff and pathogens (Septic tank
Create pools of stagnant water effluent generally contains
relatively high concentrations of
Pit Latrine pathogens, BOD, and SS).
Increase transmission of vector- Contaminate water supplies,
borne diseases damage water quality and/or
Contaminate groundwater supply transmit disease at other
with pathogens locations if waste is not properly
handled and treated during or
Contaminate water supplies, after servicing.
damage water quality and/or
transmit disease at other Upflow Anaerobic Filters
locations if waste is not properly
handled and treated during or Damage ecosystems and degrade
after servicing. surface water quality. Sludge has
high concentrations of nutrients,
Cause injury to people or animals BOD, and solids.
Odor Cause disease transmission to
field workers and consumers of
Composting Toilets
agricultural products (Sludge
Increase transmission of vector- may still contain pathogens).
borne diseases
Settled and Simplified Sewers
Contaminate groundwater supply
with pathogens Damage ecosystems and degrade
surface water quality
Cause disease transmission to
field workers and consumers of Transmit diseases to field
agricultural products workers and consumers of
agricultural products
Dry Toilets
Biogas Reactors
Increase transmission of vector-
borne diseases Damage ecosystems and degrade
surface water quality
Cause disease transmission to
field workers and consumers of Transmit diseases to field
agricultural products workers and consumers of
agricultural products
Odor
Wastewater Stabilization Ponds
Septic Tanks (Anaerobic, Facultative, Aerobic)
Contaminate groundwater supply Damage ecosystems and degrade
with pathogens surface water quality
Sanitation Schemes
Transmit diseases to field 2.3 Mitigation Options

workers and consumers of
agricultural products Site Selection
Odor Survey for, and avoid wetlands
and other ecologically sensitive
Reed Bed Filter sites in the project area
Contaminate groundwater or
Construction of Buildings and
surface water structures
Subsurface Wetland Train and monitor workers
Contaminate groundwater or Gather data on soil type, slope
surface water and topography to determine the
potential for significant erosion
Free Water Surface Wetland/Floating
aquatic Macrophytes Use silt screens, straw bales or
similar erosion control measures
Provide breeding ground for
disease vectors Avoid damaging vegetation
Introduce invasive non-native Revegetate areas damaged during
species construction
Use proper bedding materials for
Slow-rate Overland Flow pipes
surface water Soakways and Drains
Use riprap (cobbled stone),
Slow-rate Subsurface Flow gravel or concrete as needed to
Contaminate groundwater or prevent erosion of drainage
surface water structures
Monitor and keep drains and
Rapid Infiltration
soakways clear
surface water Pit Laterine
Devote adequate attention to
Sludge Management
identifying and addressing social
Damage ecosystems and degrade barriers to using latrine
surface water quality Use the ventilated improved pit
Cause disease in handlers and latrine design that traps insect
processors vectors
Wastewater Use in Agriculture and Evaluate depth to water table,
Aquaculture including seasonal fluctuations
and groundwater hydrology. The
Cause disease in field workers size and composition of the
and consumers of agricultural unsaturated zone determine the
products residence time of effluent from
the latrine, which is the key
Sanitation Schemes
factor in removal and elimination after fallow period for Ascaris

of pathogens. Pit latrines should eggs and fecal coliforms
not be installed where the water Allow sufficient residence time
table is shallow or where the in mature chamber. This may
composition of the overlying vary from 6 months in warm
deposits makes groundwater or climates to 18 months in cooler
an aquifer vulnerable to climates.
contamination.
Ensure that the systems will be
Ensure that a reliable system for properly operated and maintained
safely emptying latrines and so that the soil amendment taken
transporting the collected out after the treatment period is
material off-site for treatment is truly sanitized.
used. This should include use of
a small pit-emptying machine Dry Toilets
such as the vacutug that relies on
Maintain humidity of composting
an engine-driven vacuum pump.
material below 20% and
Ensure that collected material is supplement excreta with alkaline
adequately treated and not material (ashes or lime). The
directly applied to fields or pile should then remain both
otherwise disposed of odor free and insect free.
improperly.
Generous applications of ashes
Properly decommission pit will help ensure that pathogens
latrines. Do not leave pits open. are destroyed. pH is the most
Fill in unused capacity with important factor for sterilization
rocks or soil.
Construct sealed vaults to hold
Composting Toilets dehydrating and curing material
Maintain humidity of composting Ensure that the systems will be
material above 60% and properly operated and maintained
supplement excreta with so that the soil amendment taken
generous quantities of out after the treatment period is
carboniferous material (dry truly sanitized.
leaves, straw, etc.). The pile Test samples from active
should then remain aerobic, chamber and mature chamber
odor-free and insect-free. after fallow period for Ascaris
Construct sealed vaults to hold eggs and fecal coliforms to
composting material if using assess level of sterilization
fixed-batch systems. If using Allow sufficient residence time
movable-batch systems check in mature chamber. This may
removable containers for leaks vary from 6 months in warm
before installing. climates to 18 months in cooler
Test samples from active climates.
chamber and mature chamber
Sanitation Schemes
Septic Tanks hands and faces frequently with

Evaluate depth to the water table, soap and warm water and make
including seasonal fluctuations both available (See Wastewater
and groundwater hydrology. If and sludge use in agriculture and
water table is too high, line the aquaculture below).
tank with clay, plastic sheeting or Settled and Simplified Sewers
some other impermeable material
to prevent leakage. Ensure that collected sewage will
be treated, e.g., in a wastewater
Avoid direct discharge of stabilization pond, and not
effluent to waterways if possible. simply discharged to a river or
Direct discharge to waterways stream or used directly in
with sufficient volume and flow agriculture or aquaculture. This
to assimilate the waste may be is especially important for
acceptable. It is better to add a simplified sewerage, since there
secondary treatment, such as is no interceptor tank.
passing effluent through an
anaerobic filter, followed by Biogas Reactors
discharge to an absorption field,
or better yet, a constructed Do not allow disposal of digested
wetland. slurry in or near water bodies
Ensure that a reliable system for Follow WHO or other national or

safely removing sludge and international guidelines for use of
transporting the collected sludge in wastewater in
material off-site for treatment is agriculture and aquaculture (see
available. This should include Sludge and wastewater reuse
use of a mechanized (probably below).
vacuum-based) removal system. Wastewater Stabilization Ponds
Ensure that collected sludge is (Anaerobic, Facultative, Aerobic)
adequately treated and not Avoid discharging single
directly applied to fields or (facultative) pond systems
otherwise improperly disposed of directly into receiving waters. If
(See Sludge management below). this is unavoidable, construct
hydrography-controlled release
Upflow Anaerobic Filters
lagoons that discharge effluent
Treat sludge before secondary only when stream conditions are
use (see Sludge management adequate. Install secondary
below). Do not allow disposal in treatment such as a constructed
or near water bodies wetland, if possible.
Provide workers servicing, Use two-, three- or five-pond
transporting, and otherwise systems if possible (anaerobic,
exposed to sludge with facultative, (maturation))
appropriate protective clothing
Allow only restricted uses for
including, at a minimum, rubber
agriculture and aquaculture of
gloves. Train workers to wash
Sanitation Schemes
effluent from all but five-pond Use where groundwater is >3 ft.
systems below surface
Reed Bed Filter Slow-rate Subsurface Flow

Evaluate depth to the water table, Use only where soil textures are
including seasonal fluctuations sandy loam to clay loam
and groundwater hydrology. If Use where groundwater is >3 ft.
water table is too high, line tank below surface
with clay, plastic sheeting or
some other impermeable material Rapid Infiltration
to prevent leakage.
Use only where soil textures are
Subsurface Wetland sandy loam to clay loam
Evaluate depth to the water table, Use where groundwater is >3 ft.
including seasonal fluctuations below surface
and groundwater hydrology. If
Sludge Management
water table is too high, line tank
with clay, plastic sheeting or If possible, choose treatment
some other impermeable material technologies that do not generate
to prevent leakage. sludge, such as wastewater
stabilization ponds
Free Water Surface Wetland/Floating
aquatic Macrophytes
Compost sludge, then use as soil
amendment for agriculture
Use plant and animal species that
Provide workers with appropriate
are native to the region. Avoid
protective clothing, including
introducing water hyacinth, water
rubber gloves, boots, long-
milfoil, or salvinia, which have
sleeved shirts and pants. Train
proven extremely invasive
workers to wash hands and faces
outside of their natural range.
frequently with soap and warm
If using water hyacinth, maintain water and make both available.
dissolved oxygen at 1.0 mg/L,
frequently harvest and thin plants Wastewater Use in Agriculture and
and/or add mosquitofish Aquaculture
(Gambusia affinis) to the wetland WHO guidelines recommend (1)
or use other plant species such as treat to reduce pathogen
duckweed, water lettuce (Pistia concentrations, (2) restrict use to
stratiotes), water milfoil, or crops that will be cooked, (3) use
salvinia (Salvinia spp.). application methods that reduce
contact with edible crops, and (4)
Slow-rate Overland Flow
minimize the exposure of
Use where growing season is workers, crop handlers, field
year round. Requires vegetation workers and consumers to waste.
Use only where soil textures are Wastewater used in aquaculture
sandy loam to clay loam should have <103 fecal coliforms
per 100 ml to minimize risk to
Sanitation Schemes
public health. (See Guidelines for

the safe use of wastewater and
excreta in agriculture and
aquaculture: Measures for
Public Health Protection, 1989,
WHO, Geneva.
Sanitation Schemes
Environmental Assessment Checklist
Section I: Project Description
File No _________________________________________ (To be filled by EPA)

Date ___________________________________________________________
General Information
1. Project Name or Title____________________________________________
2. Project Proponent (Department or Organization) ______________________
3. Address ______________________________________________________
4. Telephone ____________________________________________________
5. Fax _________________________________________________________
6. E-mail _______________________________________________________
7. Representative of the Proponent___________________________________
8. Designation ___________________________________________________
9. Name of the person who conducted this assessment ___________________
10. Designation ___________________________________________________
11. Qualification___________________________________________________
Project Information
12. Project Location________________________________________________
13. Cost of the Project______________________________________________
14. Period of construction (start and end dates) __________________________
Proposed Activity
15. Number and type of major construction equipment that will be used _______
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
16. The total construction material that will be utilized? ____________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
17. Will any new land be acquired?____________________________________
If yes, please specify
The total area:________________________________________________
Sanitation Schemes
Present ownership of land ______________________________________

What is the present use of the land? ______________________________
How the land will be acquired (Through Land Acquisition Act or direct
purchase)? __________________________________________________
When the compensation will be paid? _____________________________
18. In case of state land, are there any squatter settlements on the land? ______
If yes, please specify
Number of settlements _________________________________________
Will any compensation be paid? __________________________________
When the compensation will be paid? _____________________________
19. Is construction work during the night planned? ________________________
20. How many trees are likely to be removed? ___________________________
21. Sanitation scheme type __________________________________________

22. Number of households that will be served ___________________________
23. Brief Project Description _________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
Please attach a map of the proposed scheme
24. Type, size, capacity and length of sewers ____________________________

25. Proposed wastewater disposal ____________________________________
Sanitation Schemes
Section II: Screening

1. Is the proposed scheme or part of the scheme in an ecologically sensitive
area?
Yes No
2. Is the proposed scheme going to cost Rupees five million or more?
Yes No
If the answer to any of the above questions is yes, then the project would require
an initial environmental examination or an environment impact assessment.
Refer to the Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency Review of Initial
Environmental Examination and Environment Impact Assessment Regulations,
2000 for appropriate category.
Section III: Environmental Profile
1. Describe the terrain of the project area: Flat or Level (Slope < 3%)
Level to moderately steep
(Slope 3%-30%)
Moderately steep to
mountainous (Slope > 30%)
(In case the proposed scheme will pass through terrain in which the slope varies,
indicate the maximum slope)
2. Is there any site of cultural importance (graveyard, shrine, mosque,
archeological site) within 100 m of the proposed scheme?
Yes No
If yes, please describe?__________________________________________
3. How many sensitive receptors (schools, colleges, hospitals, and clinics) are
within 100 m of the proposed scheme?______________________________
Please describe?_______________________________________________
4. Are there signs of soil erosion or landslide anywhere in the project area?
Yes No
If yes, please describe (where, nature)? _____________________________
____________________________________________________________
5. Is there any surface water body (river, canal, stream, lake, wetland) within
250 m of the proposed scheme?
Yes No
Sanitation Schemes
If yes, describe each water body:

Name (including Dimensions Status and Uses (Is it polluted? Is domestic
type, ie, river, canal or other wastewater discharged to it? What
or stream) are its uses, eg, agriculture, domestic,
industrial, washing, fishery
6. Is there any groundwater well within 250 m of the proposed scheme?

Yes No
If yes, describe each well:
Type (Dug well, tube Location (Village Depth and Yield Uses (Drinking,
well, hand pump) and distance from agriculture, domestic,
the scheme) industrial, washing,
livestock)
7. What are the present sources of potable water? _______________________

____________________________________________________________
8. How is the wastewater presently disposed? __________________________
____________________________________________________________
9. Are water-borne diseases common in the area?
Yes No
10. How are the general hygienic conditions of the project area?
Generally clean
Fair
Poor
11. Is there any bad odor in the project area?
Yes No
What is the source of the odor?____________________________________
12. What is the total population of the area? _____________________________
Sanitation Schemes
13. What are the main sources of income of the community? ________________
____________________________________________________________
14. What is the average income per household? _________________________
15. What is the average household size? _______________________________
16. What proportion of the houses in the area are pukka, semi-pukka, and
kutcha? ______________________________________________________
Sanitation Schemes
Section IV: Impact Assessment
Potential Negative Tick, if relevant Mitigation Measures Tick, if Monitoring

Environmental Impacts proposed
Erosion and sedimentation Silt screens, straw bales or similar erosion
control measures will be used
Damage to vegetation will be avoided
Areas damaged during construction will be
revegetated
Alteration in natural flow of Riprap (cobbled stone), gravel or concrete will be

rainwater runoff used as needed to prevent erosion of drainage
structures
Creation of stagnant water Contouring will be undertaken to ensure proper
pools flow
Creation of stagnant water Ensure that spilled water and rainwater drain to a
pools soakway or equivalent structure and do not
accumulate and create stagnant standing water
(Soakways)
Increase transmission of Ventilated improved pit latrine design will be
vector born diseases used that traps insect vectors (Pit latrine)
Humidity of composting material will be
maintained above 60% and excreta will be
supplemented with generous quantities of
carboniferous material (dry leaves, straw, etc.).
The pile should then remain aerobic, odor-free
and insect-free (Composting toilet)
Continued
Sanitation Schemes
Continues

Humidity of composting material will be
maintained below 20% and excreta will be
supplemented with alkaline material (ashes or
lime). The pile should then remain both odor free
and insect free. (Dry toilets)
Generous applications of ashes will help ensure
that pathogens are destroyed. pH is the most
important factor for sterilization (Dry toilets)
Ground water contamination Pit latrines will not be installed where the water
table is shallow or where the composition of the
overlying deposits makes groundwater or an
aquifer vulnerable to contamination
Generous applications of ashes will help ensure
If water table is too high, tank will be lined with
clay, plastic sheeting or some other impermeable
material to prevent leakage (Septic tank, red bed
filter, subsurface wetland)
Slow-rate overland flow and slow-rate subsurface
flow will be used where groundwater is >3 ft.
below surface
Surface water contamination Generous applications of ashes will help ensure
If water table is too high, tank will be lined with
clay, plastic sheeting or some other impermeable
material to prevent leakage (Septic tank, red bed
filter, subsurface wetland)
Continued
Sanitation Schemes
Continues

Direct discharge of effluent to waterways will be
avoided if possible. Direct discharge to
waterways with sufficient volume and flow to
assimilate the waste may be acceptable. It is
better to add a secondary treatment, such as
passing effluent through an anaerobic filter,
followed by discharge to an absorption field, or
better yet, a constructed wetland (Septic tank)
Leaks from cracked containment structures,
broken pipes, faulty valves and similar structures
will be monitored and repaired.(Standpipes)
Sludge will not be disposed off near water bodies
Two-, three- or five-pond systems will be used if
possible (anaerobic, facultative, (maturation).
Discharging single (facultative) pond systems
directly into receiving waters will be avoided. If
this is unavoidable, Hydrography-controlled
release lagoons will be constructed that
discharge effluent only when stream conditions
are adequate. Secondary treatment such as a
constructed wetland will be installed, if
possible.(Wastewater stabilization ponds)
Slow-rate overland flow and slow-rate subsurface
flow will be used where groundwater is >3 ft.
below surface
Sanitation Schemes
Continues

Collected sewage will be treated, e.g., in a
wastewater stabilization pond, and not simply
discharged to a river or stream or used directly in
agriculture or aquaculture. This is especially
important for simplified sewerage, since there is
no interceptor tank. (Settled and simplified
sewer)
Damage to ecosystem Collected sewage will be treated, e.g., in a
wastewater stabilization pond, and not simply
discharged to a river or stream or used directly in
agriculture or aquaculture. This is especially
important for simplified sewerage, since there is
no interceptor tank. (Settled and simplified
sewer)
Disease transmission to WHO or other national or international guidelines
workers and consumers of will be followed for use of sludge in wastewater in
agricultural products agriculture and aquaculture (Biogas reactors)
(WHO guidelines recommend (1) treat to reduce
pathogen concentrations, (2) restrict use to crops
that will be cooked, (3) use application methods
that reduce contact with edible crops, and (4)
minimize the exposure of workers, crop handlers,
field workers and consumers to waste)
Provision of feeding grounds Creation of stagnant water pools will be avoided
for disease vectors
Disease vectors will be monitored
Continued
Sanitation Schemes
Continues

Introduction of invasive non- That plant and animal species will be used,
native species which are native to the region.(Free water
surface wetland/Floating aquatic macrophytes)
Disease in handlers and WHO or other national or international guidelines
processors will be followed for use of sludge in wastewater in
agriculture and aquaculture.
(WHO guidelines recommend (1) treat to reduce
pathogen concentrations, (2) restrict use to crops
that will be cooked, (3) use application methods
that reduce contact with edible crops, and (4)
minimize the exposure of workers, crop handlers,
field workers and consumers to waste)
Workers will be provided with appropriate
protective clothing, including rubber gloves,
boots, long-sleeved shirts and pants, and
workers will be trained to wash hands and faces
frequently with soap and warm water and both
will be made available (Wastewater treatment
facilities)
Sanitation Schemes
Section V: Undertaking
I, (full name and address) as proponent

for (name, description and location of
project) do hereby solemnly affirm and declare:
1. The information on the proposed project and the environment provided in

Forms I, II and III are correct to the best of my knowledge
2. I fully understand and accept the conditions contained in the Guidelines

for
(name, number and version of the guidelines)
3. I undertake to design, construct and operate the project strictly in

accordance with the project described in Form I, submitted with this
undertaking.
4. I undertake to implement all mitigation measures and undertake

monitoring stated in Form IV, submitted with this undertaking.
Date _______ Signature ____________________
Name ____________________
Designation ____________________
(with official stamp/seal)
Witnesses:
Signature Name Address

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NWFP Environmental Protection Agency

2. Project Profile .....................................................................................3

Environmental Assessment Checklist ...................................................10

The selection of an appropriate technical Sewers and sewage systems

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 2 of 20

Step 2: Determine Applicability (Are Disease Vectors insects or small

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 3 of 20

Mitigation Measure means a measure settle and accumulate and is purified by

2.1 Project Description Water-borne sewage with

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 4 of 20

Soakways and Drains Contaminate surface water

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 5 of 20

Transmit diseases to field 2.3 Mitigation Options

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 6 of 20

factor in removal and elimination after fallow period for Ascaris

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 7 of 20

Septic Tanks hands and faces frequently with

Ensure that a reliable system for Follow WHO or other national or

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 8 of 20

Reed Bed Filter Slow-rate Subsurface Flow

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 9 of 20

public health. (See Guidelines for

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 10 of 20

Environmental Assessment Checklist

Section I: Project Description

File No _________________________________________ (To be filled by EPA)

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 11 of 20

Present ownership of land ______________________________________

21. Sanitation scheme type __________________________________________

24. Type, size, capacity and length of sewers ____________________________

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 12 of 20

Section II: Screening

Section III: Environmental Profile

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 13 of 20

If yes, describe each water body:

6. Is there any groundwater well within 250 m of the proposed scheme?

7. What are the present sources of potable water? _______________________

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 14 of 20

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 15 of 20

Section IV: Impact Assessment

Potential Negative Tick, if relevant Mitigation Measures Tick, if Monitoring

Alteration in natural flow of Riprap (cobbled stone), gravel or concrete will be

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 16 of 20

Potential Negative Tick, if relevant Mitigation Measures Tick, if Monitoring

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 17 of 20

Potential Negative Tick, if relevant Mitigation Measures Tick, if Monitoring

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 18 of 20

Potential Negative Tick, if relevant Mitigation Measures Tick, if Monitoring

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 19 of 20

Potential Negative Tick, if relevant Mitigation Measures Tick, if Monitoring

No: Version: B Date: 21 May 2004 Page 20 of 20

I, (full name and address) as proponent

1. The information on the proposed project and the environment provided in

2. I fully understand and accept the conditions contained in the Guidelines

3. I undertake to design, construct and operate the project strictly in

4. I undertake to implement all mitigation measures and undertake

Date _______ Signature ____________________

(with official stamp/seal)

Signature Name Address

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Date _ Signature ______________