Professional Documents
Culture Documents
First management of
Burn Injury:
GP Must Do and Dont
Rosadi Seswandhana
Plastic Surgery Division, Dept of Surgery, GMU
Burn Unit DR Sardjito General Hospital
Problems
1
09/02/2014
Mortality
2
09/02/2014
Etiology
Pathophysology
(Jackson, 1947)
(Hettiaratchy & Dziewulski, 2004)
3
09/02/2014
Severity of Burns
Age
Children Adult Older
Severity
Mild < 10% TBSA < 15% TBSA < 10% TBSA
Full-Thickness < 2% Full-Thickness < 2% Full-Thickness < 2%
TBSA TBSA TBSA
Moderate 10-20% TBSA 15-25% TBSA 10-20% TBSA
Full-Thickness < 10% Full-Thickness < 10% Full-Thickness < 10%
TBSA TBSA TBSA
(none critical area) (none critical area) (none critical area)
(Singer, 2000)
4
09/02/2014
5
09/02/2014
6
09/02/2014
7
09/02/2014
(ANZBA, 2013)
8
09/02/2014
Management
(ANZBA, 2013)
9
09/02/2014
First aid
Stop burning
process
Cooling
treatment
10
09/02/2014
EMSB Structure
L A B C D E FLUIDS AM PLE
O I R I I X History
O R E R S P
K W A C A O ANALGESIA Head to Toe
A Examination
H U B S
Y I L I U
TESTS Tetanus
N A L R
G T I E Document &
I T TUBES Transfer
O Y
N Support
D Haemorraghe Environmental
C O2 control
AVPU control
O & Pupils
spine I.V.
Secondary
Primary Survey First Aid
Survey
(ANZBA, 2013)
Rescusitation Airway
A: Look for signs of inhalation injury
Facial burns,
Soot in nostrils or sputum
Laryngoscope edema, hyperemia
ET Better than TRACHEOSTOMY
Do not forget: C-Spine control
11
09/02/2014
Acute phase
Rescusitation Breathing
Do not forget: Give O2 100% 15 L/minute (NRM)
B: Circumference Full thickness skin burn on the
chest wall mechanical ventilation disturbance
ESCHAROTOMY
12
09/02/2014
Acute phase
Rescusitation Breathing
Be aware of carbon monoxide poisoning
Patient may appear 'pink' (cherry red) with a normal
pulse oximeter reading
administere 100% Oxygen
Perform intubation and artificial ventilation
(if needed)
(Do not believe pulse oxymetri saturation)
Smoke injury Soot in nostrils or sputum
Nebulizer
Perform intubation, artificial ventilation and
bronchial toilet (if needed)
Acute phase
Rescusitation Circulation (C)
Examine:
Central pressure
Blood pressure
Central and periphery capillary refill
Systemic :
If patient arrived with shock condition 2 IV-line
First IVFD RL 20 ml/Kg BW in 15-30 minutes
(Do not forget blood test sample complete
blood count, blood group, chemical analysis,
BGA, and -HCG for pregnant woman)
13
09/02/2014
Escharotomy on extremity
Local :
Circumference Full thickness skin
burn on extremity compartment
syndrome 5P ESCHAROTOMY
Acute phase
Disability (D)
GCS
Lateral Sign
CO intoxication
Hipovolemic shock
14
09/02/2014
Acute phase
Exposure and Environmental control
Log Roll Manuver
Burn Size (% TBSA)
Depth of Burn Wound
temperature
Other trauma
Acute phase
Fluid Resucitation (F)
(Mathes, 2006)
15
09/02/2014
(Mathes, 2006)
Acute phase
Fluid Resucitation (F)
Systemic :
The release of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators
Increase of capillary permeability let the intravascular fluid shifted
to the interstitial space hypovolemia
16
09/02/2014
Case
MONITORING
Vital Sign
(Pulse rate, respiration rate, blood presure, temperature)
Urin Output Adult 0,5-1,0 mL / Kg BW/ hour
Child 1,0-2,0 mL / Kg BW/ hour
Breathing sound
Severe burn (>40%) apply Central Venous Catheter
17
09/02/2014
Analgetic
Burns is painfull need adequate analgetic
Morphine : 0,05 0,1 mg/Kg BW (ANZBA, 2013)
Fenthanyl : 1 g/Kg BW
Test
ECG, Lateral Cervical, Thorax , Pelvical X-ray
Hb, WBC, Plt, Hematocrit, Electrolite, Albumin, GDS
Kidney Function, Liver Function, BGA
Tube
Nasogastric tube production beware of stress
ulcer
Indweiling catheter urine monitoring
Central venous catheter
18
09/02/2014
Secondary survey
History : A M P L E
Electrical injury
Beware of cardiac rythm abnormality closed ECG
evaluation in the first 2 days
Beware of extensive rhabdomyolisis
Beware compartment syndrome need fasciotomy
19
09/02/2014
Chemical injury
Wound Care
1st O no spesific treatment
Antibiotic ointment
MEBO
Controversy: Usage of Silver Sulfadiazin
20
09/02/2014
Wound Care
3rd O
Cleansed with NaCl 500 ml + Savlon 5 ml
Daily debridement
Daily Silver Sulfadiazin (Dermazin / Burnazin) ,
Silver contained dressing (Acticoat / Mepilex-Ag)
21
09/02/2014
22
09/02/2014
Referral criteria
23
09/02/2014
24
09/02/2014
Fluid Maintenance
Maintenance Fluid Requirements
=
35 + % 24 + 1500
25
09/02/2014
Nutrition
(Mathes, 2006)
26
09/02/2014
Splinting
27
09/02/2014
Thank you
28