Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Salivary secretion
DMF-S is an index for expressing
increases with age.
decreases with age. dental needs.
shows no difference with age. tooth mortality.
shows a decrease in mineral content in the extent of dental neglect.
elderly. dental caries.
A. Serum phosphorus.
B. Serum calcium.
C. Thyroid activity.
D. Serum alkaline phosphatase.
as the
Epidemiology of disease is best described white blood cell count.
hemoglobin level.
erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
data obtained from sickness surveys. platelet count.
usual low level of disease normally found
within a population. (1) (2) (3)
control of disease. (1) and (3)
study of disease patterns in a population. (2) and (4)
(4) only
All of the above
Which of the following conditions may
develop as a result of juvenile diabetes
mellitus? The cells responsible for antibody
production are called
Ataxia.
Aphasia. polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Deafness. mast cells.
Blindness. plasma cells.
Motor paralysis. macrophages.
megakaryocytes.
The inorganic ion that is implicated in In the presence of an acute bacterial
primary hypertension is infection, laboratory tests will show an
increase in
sodium.
fluoride. polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
potassium. plasma cells.
magnesium lymphocytes.
monocytes.
Eosinophils
The most common complication of a
venipuncture is MISC -Which of the following would
NOT be expected to cause
syncope. hypokalemia?
hematoma.
thrombophlebitis. Metabolic acidosis.
embolus. Lactate accumulation.
Increased plasma insulin.
Excess aldosterone secretion.
Beta-adrenergic stimulation of cells.
MISC Hypernatremia may be induced by
Bacterial infection may be confirmed by
elevated synthesis of atrial natriuretic
peptide.
excessive vasopressin secretion.
impaired aldosterone secretion. salivary contamination of clinic jackets.
diabetes insipidus. manufacturing defects in gloves.
percutaneous injury.
MISC A patient with a history of hypertension
presents for an emergency dental extraction.
His blood pressure is 158/100 mmHg. The MISC Patients with anemia have an increased
risk of
dentist intends to use lidocaine 2% with
1:100,000 epinephrine for local anesthesia.
bacterial infections.
The most appropriate management is to
prolonged bleeding.
direct the patient to a hospital exercise intolerance.
emergency room.
extract the tooth using a maximum of
four cartridges.
MISC Patients with thrombocytopenia
extract the tooth using a maximum of
two cartridges. have an increased risk of
extract the tooth and advise the patient
bacterial infections.
to take additional antihypertensive
medication. prolonged bleeding.
exercise intolerance.
MISC A 6 year old has circumscribed
suppurative lesions that look like cigarette MISC A dentist must be prudent in deciding
burns on the left ear lobe and the right how far to follow a patients informed choice
knuckles. The parents are cooperative and for suboptimal treatment because
respond to the dentist in a coherent manner.
The most likely diagnosis is the law protects a patients right to
make poor decisions.
battered child syndrome. a patients informed choice must always
impetigo. be honoured.
osteogenesis imperfecta. the principle of do-no-harm overrides
Mnchhausen syndrome. the patients personal choice.
von Willebrand desease.
patient rights.
standard of right and wrong. MISC
legal liability. Properties of glutaraldehyde include
provincial codes of conduct.
rapid formation of cross linkages
which limit penetration of pulp tissue.
MISC In a healthy 75 year old, which of the
minimal effect on pulp tissues.
following would be considered normal blood excellent disinfection against oral flora.
pressure? minimal effectiveness against viruses
and spores.
175/95 mmHg.
135/86 mmHg. (1) (2) (3)
130/100 mmHg. (1) and (3)
185/94 mmHg. (2) and (4)
(4) only
All of the above.
MISC In the context of informed
consent, choice means the ability
MISC
to accept recommended The normal differential white cell count for
beneficial treatment voluntarily. neutrophils is
to refuse recommended
beneficial treatment voluntarily. 10-19.
to refuse recommmended beneficial treatment 20-29.
with an understanding of forseeable 30-39.
consequences. 40-65.
66-90.
MISC
MISC
Increased bleeding is associated with a
prolonged administration of
warfarin.
codeine.
acetylsalicylic acid.
acetaminophen.
MISC
To assess factors affecting the utilization of
dental services, a cross-sectional study
surveyed adults on a number of variables.
Considering the study design, which of the
following findings CANNOT be derived
from the results?
MISC
Patterns of exposure to a risk factor in a
population is important because it helps
MISC
What is the most appropriate design for a
study that is started after the exposure to a risk
factor but before the disease started?
Case series.
Randomized trial.
Case-control.
Cohort.
MISC
An article reports that subjects receiving eosinophils. MISC-Coxsackie A virus is
chlorhexidine varnish had significantly lower the etiologic agent in
(p<0.05) Streptococcus mutans levels than thrush.
did those receiving fluoride varnish. What herpangina.
type of reporting error is of the most concern lichen planus.
when interpreting these results? aphthous stomatitis.
Type II () error.
Type I () error.
MISC-The finding of acid-fast
Type II () error. microorganisms in sputum suggests the
Type I () error. presence of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Diplococcus pneumoniae.
Streptococcus pyogenes.
MISC Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
The findings from a meta-analysis of
24 clinical trials conducted over 20 MISC-Pernicious anemia may cause
years, involving vitamin D glossitis.
supplementation to prevent dental caries lingual ulceration(s).
in children aged 5-
parotid swelling.
14 years, reveal there is wide variation in
gastric hyperacidity
the results between the studies. Which of
the following differences is LEAST likely
responsible for this variation? MISC-A clinical finding common to
alcoholism, poorly-controlled diabetes
Age of the children. mellitus, uremia and liver disease is
Stage of dentition of children.
Years when the studies were conducted. smooth tongue.
Baseline caries levels of children. increased blood pressure.
coated tongue.
labial fissures.
MISC halitosis.
Patients with primary herpetic
gingivostomatitis should NOT receive MISC-A patient with a white blood cell
count of 34,000/mm3 has a differential
acetaminophen. of lymphocytes 62%, lymphoblasts 4%
acyclovir. and polymorphonuclear leukocytes
benzocaine. 34%. The most likely form of leukemia
prednisone.
is
chlorhexidine.
aleukemic.
granulocytic.
MISC MISC-Sickle cell anemia is
monocytic.
a genetic disease.
lymphocytic.
caused by exposure to radiation.
plasma cell.
a viral infection.
a drug reaction.
MISC-The cells responsible for
an auto-immune disease.
antibody production are called
polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
MISC-In the presence of an acute
mast cells.
bacterial infection, laboratory tests will
plasma cells.
show an increase in
macrophages.
polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Megakaryocytes
plasma cells.
lymphocytes.
monocytes.
MISC-Intermittent painful swelling in the Mitral. MISC-The major stimulator of
submandibular region that increases at respiration is
mealtime is indicative of low blood pressure.
a ranula. high percentage of blood oxygen.
a blockage of Wharton's duct. low percentage of blood carbon dioxide.
Ludwig's angina. high percentage of blood carbon
a blockage of Stensen's duct. dioxide.
an epidemic parotitis.
MISC-The inorganic ion that is
MISC-Bacterial infection may be implicated in primary hypertension is
confirmed by sodium.
white blood cell count. fluoride.
hemoglobin level. potassium.
erythrocyte sedimentation rate. magnesium.
platelet count.
(1) (2) (3) MISC-Unconsciousness in syncope
(1) and (3) results from
(2) and (4) electrolyte imbalance.
(4) only neurogenic shock.
All of the above. cerebral hyperemia.
cerebral hypoxia.
MISC-A 20-year old male presents with a
three-day history of an acute generalized MISC-Early anoxia is characterized by
gingivitis. He has malaise, fever and cyanosis.
bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy. A bradycardia.
blood examination reveals tachycardia
Hb: 8.9g/100ml Platelets: 82,000/mm3 (1) only
Red blood cell count: 3,900,000/mm3 (1) and (2)
White blood cell count: 870,000/mm3 (1) and (3)
Normal Values: All of the above.
Hb: 14-18g/100ml
Platelets: 150,000-400,000/mm3
Red blood cell count: 4-5million/mm3 ETHICS
White blood cell count: 5,000-
10,000/mm3 It is ethical to replace amalgam restorations
The most likely diagnosis is
on request from an informed patient.
thrombocytopenic purpura.
to relieve symptoms of multiple sclerosis.
acute myelogenous leukemia.
to reduce the risk of developing
infectious mononucleosis. Alzheimers disease. ETHICS
acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. to eliminate toxins from the patient.
Moist skin.
Acetone breath.
Abdominal pain.
Decreased consciousness.
lean chicken.
bananas.
whole wheat
bread.
use prophylactic antibiotics.
miscWhat is the correct rate of ventilation use local anesthetic with no epinephrine.
for an unconscious patient with a palpable delay treatment for 3 months.
pulse?
miscA 45 year old with insulin-dependent
4-6 breaths per minute. diabetes mellitus has a morning dental
6-8 breaths per minute. appointment. During the examination, the
8-10 breaths per minute. patient complains of being lightheaded and
10-12 breaths per minute. weak. Sweating is observed. The patient is
12-14 breaths per minute. most likely experiencing
syncope.
adrenal insufficiency.
hyperglycemia.
hypoglycemia.
carotid sinus reflex.
6-30%.
35-66%.
72-90%.
Hypothyroidism.
Recent (15 days) myocardial infarct.
Second trimester pregnancy.
Insulin-dependent diabetes
Diet soft drinks and potato chips are Naproxen 250 mg, every 6 to 8 hours.
an acceptable snack. Acetylsalicylic acid 650 mg every 4
A piece of fruit and plain yogurt is hours.
an acceptable snack. Ketorolac 10 mg every 4 hours.
Eat a bigger lunch and not snack. Acetaminophen 1000 mg every 6 hours
Brush your teeth well after snacks
misc
Which of the following symptoms are Which ethical principle is involved with a
consistent with an anaphylatic reaction dentists duty to recognize signs of abuse and
to penicillin? neglect and to know appropriate interventions?
misc
misc A patient on hemodialysis
For a patient taking warfarin, which
laboratory test provides the most accurate should receive dental treatment only on
information on coagulation time? the day of hemodialysis.
should not be administered lidocaine
Activated partial thromboplastin time. for local anesthesia.
Ivy bleeding time. is likely to have an increased red
Platelet count. blood cell count.
INR. is at greater risk for infection.
Thrombin time. misc
What is the most likely diagnosis for a In domestic violence cases, the highest risk
patient who exhibits elevated blood for victim fatality is associated with
pressure, swollen ankles, distended neck
veins and difficulty breathing when lying an actual or pending separation.
down? severe depression of the abuser.
prior threats to kill the victim.
Congestive heart failure. a new partner in the victims life.
Bronchitis. a history of abuse of the abuser as a child.
End stage renal disease. misc
Hypertension. The most common abuser of an elderly
person is a/an
misc
Which viral hepatitis does NOT have a friend or acquaintance.
chronic carrier state? adult child.
spouse.
Hepatitis A. sibling.
Hepatitis B. misc
Hepatitis C. The statute of limitations states that the period
Hepatitis D. during which an action in negligence against a
dentist can be initiated starts when the
misc
A patient had a coronary arterial stent placed patient first meets the dentist.
1 year ago following a myocardial infarction treatment is rendered.
and has been asymptomatic since. The most treatment is paid for.
appropriate management is to patient first becomes aware of the problem.
patient seeks a second opinion about
avoid using epinephrine the problem.
impregnated retraction cord. misc
use local anesthetics without Following the IV administration of a
epinephrine. benzodiazepine, a patient becomes apneic
perform only emergency dental
and unresponsive. Which of the following
treatment for 1 year.
drugs should be administered immediately?
not recline the patient more than
45 degrees. Naloxone.
prescribe antibiotics to prevent
Propranolol.
infective endocarditis.
Amphetamine.
misc Flumazenil.
The most common medical emergency in Atropine.
the dental office is a/an os
The most appropriate type of bone grafting
allergic reaction.
material for use in the maxillofacial region is
cerebrovascular accident.
allogenic. admit the patient to hospital for
alloplastic. extraction with local anesthesia.
autogenous. admit the patient to hospital for
xenogenic. extraction with general anesthesia.
misc extract the tooth in the office using
Patients with resistance to activated protein preoperative sedation and local
C (factor V Leiden) are at risk for anesthetic without a vasoconstrictor.
treat the patient in the office as a
fibrinolysis. normal patient.
bleeding diatheses.
thrombocytopenia. MISCBiocompatibility tests conducted in
hypercoagulation. vitro
erythrocytosis
follow screening with an animal
misc model.
Gloves should
predict human cell growth or death.
be washed with mild soap and warm reproduce the in vivo environment.
water after a dental procedure before are more easily standardized than
treating the next patient. clinical studies.
be removed after use and replaced with
new gloves before treating another patient.
not be used if the patient reports a
latex allergy.
not be used in dental procedures
requiring fine tactile discrimination.
be placed on the hands before tying on
a mask.
misc
For sterilization to occur in an autoclave, all
of the following must be monitored
EXCEPT
chemical levels.
time.
pressure.
temperature
antibiotic therapy.
decreased vertical dimension.
decreased salivary flow.
vitamin B deficiency.
asthma.
emphysema.
congestive heart failure.
constrictive pericarditis.
MISCA primary infection of syphilis MISCOsteomalacia is seen in
occurring on the tongue is referred to as
a/an Vitamin C deficiency.
adult rickets.
herpetic ulcer. protein deficiency.
aphthous ulcer. hyperparathyroidism.
gumma.
chancre. MISCThe physiopathology of sleep
mucous patch.
apnea is most likely related to
Citizenship.
MISCIn Canada, the practice of dentistry Justice.
is regulated through the Non maleficence.
Autonomy.
Canadian Dental Association. Veracity.
Provincial Regulatory Authorities.
National Dental Examining MISCThe most frequent cause of
Board of Canada. hyposalivation in elderly patients is
Commision on Dental Accreditation.
Alzheimers disease.
MISCThe following violations provide multiple medications.
grounds for a criminal action in battery salivary gland atrophy.
EXCEPT Sjgrens syndrome.
intentional touching.
defamation causing harm.
treatment without consent.
harmful contact.
plasma cells.
edema.
collagen.
keratinocytes.
plasma cells.
edema.
collagen.
keratinocytes.
Gram-negative bacteria.
Anerobic bacteria.
Spores.
Oral microorganisms.
Blood dyscrasia.
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Mouth breathing habit.
Pubertal hormones.
MISCSucralose
MISCWhen given prophylactically to prevent infective endocarditis, oral amoxicillin should be taken
MISC
World epidemiological data indicates that periodontal disease is the most likely cause of tooth loss in the following
age group:
10 - 20 years.
20 - 30 years.
30 - 50 years.
65 - 75 years.
over 75 years.
MISC
Hypoglycemia is characterized by
mental confusion.
tachycardia.
sweating.
nausea.
MISC
Diabetes mellitus is the result of
MISC
Which is the LEAST effective method of
instrument sterilization?
Chemical solutions.
Dry heat.
Chemical autoclave.
Steam autoclave.
Miscellaneous.
1. MISC-During the intravenous administration
of diazepam, which of the following arteries may
accidentally be entered in the antecubital fossa?
Ulnar.
Radial.
Brachial.
Deep brachial.
Radial recurrent.
4. MISC-A dentist infected with Hepatitis Enamel staining.
C virus but without disease symptoms Dysgeusia.
should 8. MISC-Which of the following is the most
appropriate management for a well-controlled,
not be allowed to practice. type 1 diabetic patient?
be allowed to practice but should be excluded
from performing exposure prone Afternoon appointments should be
procedures. scheduled.
be allowed to practice but should be excluded Insulin should be increased to offset the
from performing exposure prone length of the appointment.
procedures after assessment and A medical consult is required prior to
agreement by an expert review panel and treatment.
if there is compliance with standard The patient should follow normal dietary and
precautions (routine practices). insulin regimen.
be allowed to practice after assessment and 9.MISC-Which of the following statements
agreement by an expert review panel and regarding Informed Consent is FALSE?
if there is compliance with standard It is
precautions (routine practices).
always necessary.
given only by the person receiving the
5. MISC-Post-immunization serological test treatment.
results for a health care worker who has able to be withdrawn.
completed the series of vaccinations against procedure specific.
hepatitis B reveals that their anti-HBsAg is
less than the value required for immunity. The 10.MISC-Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease is caused
by (a)
health care worker should
steam.
chemical vapour. 12.MISC-Which is the LEAST common type
boiling water. of adverse reaction associated with the use of
heated air.
latex gloves?
bacterial.
viral.
fungal.
protozoan.
Which of the following will result from a 2
week regimen of tooth whitening using a
10% carbamide peroxide gel in a custom tray
for 8 hours each night?
(MISC) During CPR, if a patient is not reduces the number of skin bacteria which
breathing but has a pulse, how often should a multiply and cause irritation.
breath be given? Every completely eliminates skin bacteria.
minimizes the transient bacteria which
3-4 seconds. could contaminate hands through small
5-6 seconds. pinholes.
7-8 seconds. allows gloves to slide on easier when the
9-10 seconds hands are moist.
MISC
Which of the following require
MISC
prophylactic antibiotics prior to dental
Elective root canal therapy may be safely
procedures causing a bacteremia?
and successfully undertaken for all of the
following
Implanted cardiac pacemakers.
EXCEPT
Prosthetic cardiac valves.
hemophiliacs.
Coronary artery bypass grafts.
patients with a history of
Cardiac stents one year after
rheumatic fever.
placement.
pregnant patients during first
trimester.
Attrition.
Hypoplasia.
MISC
A patient has a history of shortness of
breath and ankle edema. You would
suspect MISC
Which of the following conditions
asthma. is/are associated with AIDS?
Geographic tongue.
(1) and 3)
exophthalmos. Pterygopalatine.
weight loss. Submandibular.
generalized edema. Trigeminal.
tachycardia. Otic.
mental defects. Nasociliary.
In a dental office, all of the following should For which of the following reasons would
be used to reduce the risk of Hepatitis B a dentist administer an aqueous solution of
infection for staff and patients EXCEPT epinephrine hydrochloride?
steam sterilization. Hemostasis.
chemical sterilization. Vasocontriction.
standard precautions. Acute adrenal insufficiency.
medical history. Anaphylaxis.
staff education.
reduces the number of skin bacteria which multiply and cause irritation.
completely eliminates skin bacteria.
minimizes the transient bacteria which could contaminate hands through small pinholes.
allows gloves to slide on easier when the hands are moist.
1. religious beliefs.
2. physical handicap.
3. infectious disease.
4. recognition of lack of skill or knowledge.
MISCA 30 year old HIV positive patient presents for the removal of an abscessed second molar. The most
appropriate management is to
A. refer to another dentist because universal infection control procedures are insufficient.
B. schedule appointments at the end of the day.
C. treat the patient in the same way as all other patients.
D. double glove before starting any surgical procedures.
MISCDuring dental treatment, a 62 year old insulin- dependent diabetic, suddenly complains of severe, crushing,
retrosternal pain. The appropriate initial management would be to stop treatment and