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Firth 1

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[ ] Firth Firth

[] Firth
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discourse
2
semantics M. A. K. Halliday reader 1941
1944
Firth

Firth 1956 1960 12
Firth
1. Firth 3
1930
John Rupert Firth 1890 6 (Speech) 1937
4
1911 1913 (Tongues of Men) 1957
1934 1951 16
1914 Frank Palmer
1952 1959 1968

1920
1928
Daniel Jones Halliday

2. Firth
Bronislaw
Malinowski Firth
1938
1
 5

p. 186 22
Bloomfield Firth Ogden & Richards


Bloomfield1933:140
Firth

Firth1957b
[1951a]:190


Firth Firth1957b [1935]:
1957b: xi 19
Firth Firth
1930
6
Firth

[
9
]
Firth1930: 39 5



:43 b d
16
bi:d, bid, bed, bd, ba:d, bC:d, bu:d, bQd, bE:d,
beid, bEud, baid, baud, bCid, biEd, bZEd 16
Wittgenstein
Lyons1968: 410 15 :20
7

bC:d pC:t
bC:t kC:d:26
Wittgenstein1953: 20Firth bC:d d

d :27
8
Firth1957b [1951a]:190
bC:d! bC:d?
Ogden & Richards 1923
16

2
 Firth
:19



:16

3. Firth
I have not seen your fathers pen, but I have
read the book of your uncles gardener Firth

Malinowski

1923 Malinowski Ogden &
My doctors great-grand- Richards
father will be singeing the cats wings

Sapir
The farmer kills the duckling
Jespersen A dancing woman charmsA
10
charming woman dances:24 Malinowski
1923:305
bR:d
bR:d?not really
nogo on wood,paddle,place

:27
5 we arrive near the village (of
4 our destination) we paddle in
place

:33
Firth

:7 Bloomfield
:306
Bloomfield 1935 Malinowski




:15

3
 1934
p.11, s
Langendoen1968: 31 bs, ds, gs
d
s
t z ds
tz


p.72,
Malinowski (Firth1957b [1934]: 5)
I-woy-ye tau
the man beats hebeats
the manp.32, (: 5-6)
:32 Bi-katumay-da,
gala bigiburuwa veyo-da, pela molu
They might kill us as our kinsmen would not :6
be angry because we would have been killed in 2 Firth 1935
famine
gala
They would
never dare to kill us as our kinsmen would be Firth1957b [1935]: 27
angry because we had been killed in famine 1950
Firth
(Firth1957b [1950]:
181)

Malinowski

p.
42, :33 Stand
Malinowski atease! Malinowski
12



13
Firth (schematic construct)
1930


11
Firth1930:15 A.

4
 (i) Firth
(ii)
B.
C. :182



1957
1930 1955
Firth



Bert


Ahng gunna gi wun fer Ber.
(Im going to get one for Bert.)

Malinowski








[]



[]



14

Firth
1988 [1957a]: 93
:183

5
 Firth1957b
[1934]: 5-6

1951 Firth

Firth




1950
Firth1957b
a [1951a]: 192
b
Firth
c meaning by collocation
15
:194 ass
you
d silly
An ass has been frightfully mauled at
the Zoo What on
earth was he doing?
:95 (i) An ass like Bagson might easily do
that.
(ii) He is an ass.
10 (iii) You silly ass!
(i) (ii) (iv) Dont be an ass! :195
(iii) (iv) Firth
(v)
(vi)
(vii) (viii) 1934
(ix)
(x) 1951

16

4. Firth

Firth

Firth1988 [1957a]: 93
1934

6
 :96
17 2 Wittgenstein
Firth1957b ass
[1951b]:226

1957 1930 1955
12 7

Firth :98
16

I watched him
Firth1988
18
[1957a]:89-90







Firth1988 [1957a]: 90

a


b :102-3
Firth
a

19
b

:114


:92 :115
20

Firth
1

2 P. A. M. Seuren discourse semantics 1980

7
 18 1935 Firth


(Asher, R. E. (ed.)1994: 982-993) Firth1957b [1935]:19

3 (Principles of Linguistics) 19
Firth1988 [1957a]: 91
4 1964 72 138 20
5 Firth


6 sentence-word Firth
[1] Bloomfield, L. Language [M]. New York: Henry Holt, 1933.
[2] Firth, J. R. Speech [M]. London: Ernest Benn Limited, 1930.
[3] Firth, J. R. The principles of phonetic notation in descriptive
7 grammar [A]. 1934, reprinted in Firth 1957b.
8 Terence Langendoen196831
Malinowski (1935:72) [4] Firth, J. R. The technique of semantics[A]. 1935, reprinted in
Firth 1957b.
[5] Firth, J. R. Personality and language in society [A]. 1950,
reprinted in Firth 1957b.

9 [6] Firth, J. R. Modes of meaning [A]. 1951a, reprinted in Firth

1957b.
meaning is function in context

[7] Firth, J. R. General linguistics and descriptive grammar [A].
10 1957 1930 1955
1951b, reprinted in Firth 1957b.
Firth She slowly rushed upstairs to the cellar and turned
[8] Firth, J. R. A synopsis of linguistic theory, 1930-1955 [A].
the kettle out to boil two fires Lewis
1957a, reprinted in . [C].
Carroll , 1988.
1988 [1957a]: 93 Chomsky Colorless
Firth [9] Firth, J. R. Papers in Linguistics, 1934-1951[M]. London:
green ideas sleep furiously Oxford University Press, 1957b.
11 1957 1930 1955 [10] Langendoen, D. T. The London School of Linguistics:A Study

Firth of the Linguistic Theories of B. Malinowski and J. R. Firth
1988 [1957a]: 89 [M].Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1968.
12 Frank Palmer (1981: 53) [11] Lyons, J. An Introduction to Theoretical Linguistics [M].

Firth Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968.

[12] Malinowski, B. The problem of meaning in primitive
Malinowski Firth
languages [A]. supplement to Ogden, C. K. & Richards, I. A.,

1923.
13 Firth
[13] Ogden, C. K. & Richards, I. A. The Meaning of Meaning [M].

London: Routlege & Kegan Paul., 1923.
14 colligation 4 [14] Palmer, F. Semantics (2nd edn.) [M]. Cambridge:Cambridge
15 Firth1988 [1957]:118 451951 University Press, 1981.
collocation [15] Seuren, P. A. M. Discourse semantics [A]. In Asher, R. E. (ed.)
16 Firth The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Oxford:
Firth1957b Pergamon Press, 1994.
[1951b]:227 [16] Wittgenstein, L. Philosophical Investigations[M]. (trans. G. E.
M. Anscome), Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1953.

:225-6 2007-08-08

17 Firth (1949- )

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Selected Abstracts

Firth and the Development of Discourse Semantics....Jiang Wangqi( 1 )

This paper traces the foundational ideas of discourse semantics back to John Rupert Firth. Finding a
permanent scholarly interest in the study of meaning, Firth shared Wittgensteins view that the
meaning of words lies in their use. He developed the notion of context of situation by drawing
from Malinowski. And he assigned a position of great importance to the study of discourse in his
theory of language, arguing that the actual language text duly recorded [should be] in the focus of
attention.

How Intervocalic and Final Consonants Should Be Syllabificated......Huang Xiaoping( 32 )

The syllabification of consonants in VCV and of the final consonants poses a special difficulty.
Traditionally, the VC.V approach is preferred. This paper shows with phonetic, phonological and
empirical evidence that the V.CV approach makes more sense. The latter method would take better
account of the basic, optimal syllable CV of languages throughout the world, reduce the need for
complicating use of concepts such as ambisyllabicity and resyllabification in phonological theory,
and make it possible to deal with problems created by the traditional approach, such as its failure to
provide equal treatment for the same consonant clusters appearing within and at the end of a word.

A Contrastive Analysis of the Third Person Pronoun Reference Pattern in Compositions by

Chinese and American College Students...Si Jianguo( 53 )
Drawing from the Writing Database of Experiential English, the present study offers a contrastive
analysis of the third person pronoun reference pattern in essays by students in U.S. colleges and at
Qinghua University in China. The findings indicate that there is no significant difference between
the two types of essays in terms of the frequency of their employment of third person and
determinant pronouns, but there are significant differences as far as cataphora and zero anaphora are
concerned. Some illustrations from the Chinese and the English thinking styles and from language
transfer are provided.

The Fusion of Art and Reality: Dylan Thomas A Refusal to Mourn the Death, by Fire, of a
Child in London ..Zhang Yan( 60 )
Even though Dylan Thomas has been regarded as the representative of the 20th century British
Neo-Romantic Poetry, his celebrated World War II poem A Refusal to Mourn the Death, by Fire, of
a Child in London, was nevertheless composed with a very realistic sense. While this poem marks a
thematic turn his poetry took, Thomass unique artistic conception remains the same. The poem
typically shows his detachment from the traditional poetic expression, revealing his creative force in
its poetic language and form.

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