DOI:10.16854/j.cnki.1000-0712.2014.10.

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33 10 Vol 33 No 10
2014 10 COLLEGE PHYSICS Oct 2014

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O413 1 A 1000-0712 2014 10-0038-03

2





x Q
Q e x
3
U Q = Q e x Q
H Q = Q e x Q
x Q
H Q U Q David J Grif-
1997 David J Griffith fith
1
m
B mB
1
m B mB

E pk pk
S2 1
mc2 mc mc
mE p
c
4
1

(
S a
E
mc 2 +b+c i
pi
mc ) ( a mcE +b+c mcp )
2 j
j
2

ab i c
Ep

20140220 20140310
20110313 9yw201115
1945
 10 39

( a mcE +b+c mcp ) = 0

2 i
i
3
E EeV ppeA
10
12

a
E E
2 E E pi
+ ab+ba 2 +b2 + ac i +c i a 2 +
{
EeV = c peA +
2mc + = peA
13

mc2 mc2 mc mc mc

bc i +c i b
pi 1
+ c i c j +c j c i
mc 2
pi pj
mc mc
= { EeV 2m1 peA } = 0
2
14

E pi pj a b = ab +i ab
2 2 ij 4
mc mc mc [ peA ] 2 = peA 2 e B 15
B
a2 = 0ab+ba = 2b2 = 0
ac i +c i a = 0bc i +c i b = 0c i c j +c j c i = 2 ij
5 { 1 e
EeV peA 2 + B = 0
2m 2m }
5 a b c i 16
i c i1 = c i c i c i +i
i e e
S = = S = g spin B S 17
2m m
2 3
S = /2
22
B e / 2m g spin = 2
4
16
4

( ) ( ) ( )
1 I I I I 0 i
a = i b=i ci = i e
U I = B = S B 18
2 I I I I i 0 2m
6 Walter Greiner
5
5


2
4

= ()

8
1
SO 3 J1 J2 J3 SO 3
ab c i 6 2
Casimir J j j+1
2

3 j

[ ( ) ( ) ( ) ]( ) U 2 1 = U 2 U 1 19
1 I I E I I 0 i pi
i +i +i =0
2 I I mc2 I I i 0 mc SO 3 j
9 j = 1 /2
9 SU 2 j 1 /2 6
7
Steven Weinberg

{E = cp + Wigner
10
2mc + = p
U

( )
p2 | | '= U | AA' = U AU 1
E = 0 11
2m 20
U 2 U 1 | U 3 |
3
= U 2 1 |
VA
 40 33

U 2 1 | = e i 21 U 2 U 1 | 21
U
21 2 1 H total H interaction 9
5
| SO 3
19 H quantum
interaction = mB 27
i 2 1
U 2 1 = e U 2 U 1 22 David J Grif-
SO 3 SU 2 fiths


1
O ij = tr i U j U SO 3 USU 2
2

23

USU 2 O SO 3
ray SO 3 SU
2 SO 3 ray
SU 2
SO 3 j ray
11

12

2
L
+ The

proper orthochronous or restricted Lorentz group 1 David J Griffith Question#66 Why is the Hamiltonian of
SL 2c 7 a magnetic dipole mBJAm J Phys1997
65 941-
1 942
= tr A A L
+
2 2 Gerber H J Elementary introduction to relativistic kine-
ASL 2c = 0 maticsin Kinematics and symmetry Vol I M edited

= = 0 =

24 by M Nikoli c'1979p1Institut National de Physique
Nuclaire et de Physique des Particules and 1lrue Pierre
ASL 2c L
+ et Marie Curie 75231 Paris Cedex 05
ray L
+ SL 2c 3 M
L + ray 1999 277
SL 2c SL 2c 4 M 2011
Casmir j1 j2 204-210

SL 2c 5 Walter Greiner Quantum Mechanics An Introduction

M Third EditionSpringer1994
D 1 /2 1 /2 7
0 D 0
323-331
D 1 /2
0 = D 1 /2
0 D 0
1 /2 25
6 Nyborg PFroeyland J otations and angular momentum
L + j1 j2

in Kinematics and symmetry Vol II M edited by M
ray Nikolic'Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Phy-
sique des Particules and 1lrue Pierre et Marie Curie
3 75231 Paris Cedex 05
1979 18-20
7 Steven Weinberg The Quantum Theory of Fields Vol I
m M Cambridge University Press
1995 50-53
8 8 Costa GFogli G L Lorentz group and particle statesin
B
U classical 26 Kinematics and symmetry Vol II M edited by M Ni-
interaction = mB
kolic'Institut National de Physique Nuclaire et de Phy-
m
sique des Particules and 1lrue Pierre et Marie Curie
m m
75231 Paris Cedex 05
1979 78-84 53

 10 53

Spontaneous Breaking of ElectromagneticDuality Symmetries

in Electrodynamics Containing magnetic monopoles
ZENG Ding-fang
School of Math and PhysicsBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

Abstract This paper firstly provides a new point that the existence of magnetic monopoles will break the elec-
tromagnetic duality symmetry of electrodynamics spontaneously and points out the existence of relevant goldston
bosons then analyzes the difficulties encounting the electrodynamics action description and expressed the viewpoint
that electrodynamics containging no magnetic monopoles is more symmetric than that containing them finaly makes
a simple introduction to the concept of two kinds of magnetic monopoles
Key words magnetic monopoles electromagnetic duality symmetry spontaneous symmetry breaking

40

9 Landau L DLifshitz E MPitaevskiiL P Electrodynami- 168-170

ca of Continuous MediaM Second Edition Butterworth 11 M
2005 200
Heinemann Ltd
1984 118-120 12 M
10 M
2004
1989

Derivation of Pauli equation in non-relativistic framework

An inconsistency between classical electrodynamics and quantum mechanics
LIU Jue-ping
School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430072China

Abstract An equation of motion satisfied by free two-component Pauli spinors is derived by seeking the square
root of the Hamiltonian operator of a free electronstarting from Schrdinger equation in the non-relativistic frame-
work Thenusing the minimum coupling principlean equation of motion for an electron in the external electro-
magnetic fieldsthe so-called Pauli equationis obtained Based on itan inconsistency between classical electro-
dynamics and quantum mechanics is exploredand the analysis for relativistic spin and non-relativistic spin is car-
ried out from the representation theory of groups and the quantization
Key words non-relativity Schrdinger equation Hamiltonian operator minimal coupling principle Pauli e-
quation

47

Teaching university students AB effects

WU Hong
Department of PhysicsJimei UniversityXiamenFujian 361021China

Abstract This paper describes the experience of the author in teaching university students for the physical
properties of the AB effects and the magnetic vector potential Ain combination of research
Key words AB effects magnetic vector potential phase quantum ring