101 Tort - MV Accident - Consumer Protection

https://www.facebook.com/groups/Dharmo.Rakshati.
Rakshitah/ Page - 1 of 24
LL.B. STUDY NOTES

101 Law of Tort including MV Accident and Consumer Protection Laws
Stay connected using facebook.

Source : Public domain print/ internet contents. URLs of some such resources are listed
herein. Credits/ copyrights duly acknowledged.
14-Jul-2017. Exam centric version-2.0 compiled by ketan.bhatt@iitbombay.org in
academic pursuit. Follow URLs for details. Dedicated to students of the subject. No claim
is made/ implied about originality of this document, or its truthfulness.
Gujarat University Syllabus is in BOLD text. References to questions listed herein below,
are to such questions which were asked in Gujarat University examinations.
This PDF doc has navigation built-in. ie viewer shall be able to quickly move around the
PDF with mouse clicks. However, sometimes due to browser limitations, click-able links
may not work. In that case just download the PDF and open it in any standard PDF
viewer, eg Adobe Reader.
Lastly, | : | This doc also promotes the cause of law students. Do
suggest better answers and do point-out mistakes. Or alternately, feel free to update it
(for non-commercial purpose) as you deem fit. But, do keep sharing with the world.
Join https://www.facebook.com/groups/LLB.GujUni/ for study notes on any LLB subject.
Join https://www.facebook.com/groups/Dharmo.Rakshati.Rakshitah/
A happening place to discuss professional aspects of 'law' as it is actually practiced.
, ( ) Dharma, when protected, protects.
Scribd https://www.scribd.com/bhatt.net.in (repository of ALL study notes for LLB).
Refer (not in any particular order) :

https://www.facebook.com/groups/LLB.GujUni/ http://duralex.bhatt.net.in/
https://www.facebook.com/groups/Dharmo.Rakshati.Rakshitah/ Page - 2 of 24
101 Law of Tort including MV Accident and Consumer Protection Laws

CONTENTS
Module-1) General Principles of Tort

Module-2) Torts against person, property, Freedom & Reputation
Module-3) Principles of Liability in Torts and Legal Remedies
Module-4) Concept of Consumer & Consumer Protection Act
Objectives of the Course :

With rapid industrialization, tort action came to used against manufacturers and
industrial unit for products injurious to human beings. Presently the emphasis is on
extending the principles not only to acts, which are harmful, but also to failure to comply
with standards that are continuously changing due to advancement in science and
technology. Product liability is now assuming a new dimension in developed economics.
In modern era of consumer concern of goods and services, the law of torts has an added
significance with this forage into the emerging law of consumer protection. It operates in
disputes relating to the quality of goods supplied and services rendered and in those
areas relating to damage suffered by consumers. The law relating to consumer
protection, lying scattered in myriad provisions of various legislation and judicial
decisions in India, so connected with the human right for a healthy life and environment,
has now a core subject to be taught as an indispensable part of a socially relevant
curriculum. The provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act relating to payment of
compensation in case of hit and run accidents and compulsory third party insurance are
also included in this paper.
Module-1) General Principles of Tort

1.1) Tort : Definition, Distinction from Crime, Breach of Contract etc., Nature,
Scope and object of Tort, who may sue? Who may not be sued ?
1.2) Damnum sine Injuria, Injuria Sine Demnum.
1.3) Volenti non fit Injuria, ubi jus ibi remedium
1.4) Vicarious Liability : Basis, scope, Justification, Different types
1.5) Extinguishment of Liability in Tort
1.6) Justification in Tort, defences to the defendants
GO TO CONTENTS.
MODULE-1 QUESTIONS :
"All Torts are wrongs but all wrongs are not Torts." Justify the statement with
decided cases. (Nov-2014)
Discuss : Nature, Scope and object of Tort. Who may sue? Who may not be
sued?
Explain the principle involved in : Ashby v/s. White (Nov-2012)
Distinguish : Crime & Breach of Contract.
Explain the doctrine of Injuria Sine Damnum, Damnum Sine Injuria and Ubi
jus ibi remedium in the context of Judicial decisions. (Nov-2011)
Explain "Damnum Sine Injuria' and "Injuria Sine Damnum" Quote decisions where
necessary. (Nov-2012)
Explain Tort with the help of three legal maxims : (1) Ubi jus ibi remedium, (2)
Damnum sine Injuria and, (3) Injuria sine Damnum (Apr-2016)
Write explanatory notes : Volenti non fit injuria (Nov-2014)
"A plaintiff who voluntary exposed himself to a known risk cannot recover damages."
(Pollock). - Discuss. (Oct-2013, Dec-2015)
What is vicarious liability ? Explain the kinds of vicarious liabilities and state with
illustrations the circumstances in which a master is liable for tort of his servant. (Nov-
2012)
Explain the rule and kinds of "Vicarious Liability." State with illustrations the
circumstances in which a master is liable for the tort of his servant. (Nov-2011)
Explain : State of Rajasthan Vs. Vidyavati (Nov-2011)
What is vicarious liability ? Explain which circumstances Master is liable for tort of his
servant. (Dec-2015)
Write explanatory note : Extinguishment of Liability in Tort (Oct-2013, Apr-2016)

Discuss in detail about general defences to the tort. (Apr-2016)
Discuss : justification in tort.
Explain "Inevitable Accident" and "Act of State" as general defences, with decided
cases, (Nov-2014)
Define Conversion. State the defence available to the defendant in action for
conversion. (Nov-2012, Dec-2015)
GO TO CONTENTS.
MODULE-1 ANSWERS :
"All Torts are wrongs but all wrongs are not Torts." Justify the statement with
decided cases. (Nov-2014)
Discuss : Nature, Scope and object of Tort. Who may sue? Who may not be
sued?
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO MODULE-1 QUESTIONS.
GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain the principle involved in : Ashby v/s. White (Nov-2012)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Distinguish : Crime & Breach of Contract.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain the doctrine of Injuria Sine Damnum, Damnum Sine Injuria and Ubi
jus ibi remedium in the context of Judicial decisions. (Nov-2011)
Explain "Damnum Sine Injuria' and "Injuria Sine Damnum" Quote decisions where
necessary. (Nov-2012)
Explain Tort with the help of three legal maxims : (1) Ubi jus ibi remedium, (2)
Damnum sine Injuria and, (3) Injuria sine Damnum (Apr-2016)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Write explanatory notes : Volenti non fit injuria (Nov-2014)

"A plaintiff who voluntary exposed himself to a known risk cannot recover damages."
(Pollock). - Discuss. (Oct-2013, Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
What is vicarious liability ? Explain the kinds of vicarious liabilities and state with
illustrations the circumstances in which a master is liable for tort of his servant. (Nov-
2012)
Explain the rule and kinds of "Vicarious Liability." State with illustrations the
circumstances in which a master is liable for the tort of his servant. (Nov-2011)
Explain : State of Rajasthan Vs. Vidyavati (Nov-2011)
What is vicarious liability ? Explain which circumstances Master is liable for tort of his
servant. (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Write explanatory note : Extinguishment of Liability in Tort (Oct-2013, Apr-2016)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss in detail about general defences to the tort. (Apr-2016)

Discuss : justification in tort.
Explain "Inevitable Accident" and "Act of State" as general defences, with decided
cases, (Nov-2014)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Define Conversion. State the defence available to the defendant in action for
conversion. (Nov-2012, Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Module-2) Torts against person, property, Freedom & Reputation

2.1) Trespass to person : Assault, Battery, Mayhem, False Imprisonment
2.2) Torts affecting Property (Movable & Immovable) : Trespass, Traspass ab
initio etc.
2.3) Torts related to Reputation (Defamation) & personal relations
2.4) Torts affecting person & Property : Nuisance, Negligence, Fraud
2.5) Third party liability of owner under the Motor Vehicles Act
GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Kinds of torts against person.

Define Assault and distinguish it from "Battery' with the help of decided cases.
(Nov-2014)
Discuss : Mayhem.
Explain : False Imprisonment (Nov-2011)
What is false imprisonment ? What are the remedies available in law ? (Apr-2016)
Explain the principle involved in : Stephen v/s. Mayers (Nov-2012)
Explain the principle involved in : Bird v/s. Jones (Nov-2012)
Explain : Willkinson V/s. Downton (Nov-2011)
Explain : Conspiracy (Nov-2011)
Write short note : Conspiracy (Dec-2015)
Discuss : Kinds of torts against property.
Define "Trespass and "Trespass ab initio. Discuss its various kinds. (Oct-2013)
Write explanatory notes : Trespass and Trespass abinitio (Nov-2014)
Explain : Armory V/s. Delamarie (Nov-2011)
Write explanatory notes : Tort related to Reputation. (Nov-2014, Apr-2016)
Distinguish between 'Libel and Slander'. State as to which defence a defendant can
take up in action of Libel. (Nov-2012)
Explain : Libel and Slander (Nov-2011)
Distinguish between Libel and Slander. State which defence a defendant can get in
action of Libel. (Dec-2015)
Discuss the essential elements of the tort of Nuisance. In what ways the public
nuisance differs from private nuisance. (Oct-2013)
Explain : Public and Private Nuisance (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)

Define Nuisance. Distinguish between Public and Private nuisance. (Nov-2014)
Explain the meaning of Negligence. State the points which the plaintiff must prove in a
suit for negligence. (Nov-2012)
What is Negligence ? State as to which defence a defendant can take up in action of
libel. (Dec-2015)
Explain the principle involved in : Donogue v/s. Stevenson (Nov-2012)
Explain the principle involved in : Dawis v/s. Mann (Nov-2012)
Explain : Res ipsa loquitor. (Nov-2012)
Write explanatory note : Doctrine of "Res ipsa loquitur' (Oct-2013)
Explain : Act of God. (Nov-2012)
Discuss : Tort of Fraud.
Explain : No fault liability under Motor Vehicle Act. (Nov-2011)
Explain : Provision of Insurance against third party risks under M.V. Act. (Nov-2011)
Explain : Provisions of insurance against third party risks under the Motor Vehicle Act.
(Nov-2012, Oct-2013, Apr-2016)
"Provisions of Insurance against third party risk under Motor Vehicles Act : Explain.
(Nov-2014)
Explain : Commencement and duration of risks of Motor Insurance. (Nov-2011, Oct-
2013)
Write short note : Risk and duration of Motor Claim. (Dec-2015)
Explain : Compensation in case of Hit and Run cases (Nov-2011)
Explain : Hit and run liability under Motor Vehicle Act. (Nov-2012)
Discuss about special provisions for compensation in Hit and Run liability under MV
Act. (Oct-2013)
Write short note : Damages for Hit & run case (Dec-2015)
Discuss the jurisdiction and functions of Motor Vehicle Tribunal. (Nov-2012)
Discuss the jurisdiction and functions of Motor Vehicle Tribunals under MV Act. (Oct-
2013, Apr-2016)
GO TO CONTENTS.
MODULE-2 ANSWERS :
Discuss : Kinds of torts against person.

Define Assault and distinguish it from "Battery' with the help of decided cases.
(Nov-2014)

Discuss : Mayhem.
Explain : False Imprisonment (Nov-2011)
What is false imprisonment ? What are the remedies available in law ? (Apr-2016)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Willkinson V/s. Downton (Nov-2011)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Conspiracy (Nov-2011)

Write short note : Conspiracy (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Kinds of torts against property.

Define "Trespass and "Trespass ab initio. Discuss its various kinds. (Oct-2013)
Write explanatory notes : Trespass and Trespass abinitio (Nov-2014)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Armory V/s. Delamarie (Nov-2011)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Write explanatory notes : Tort related to Reputation. (Nov-2014, Apr-2016)

Distinguish between 'Libel and Slander'. State as to which defence a defendant can
take up in action of Libel. (Nov-2012)
Explain : Libel and Slander (Nov-2011)
Distinguish between Libel and Slander. State which defence a defendant can get in
action of Libel. (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss the essential elements of the tort of Nuisance. In what ways the public
nuisance differs from private nuisance. (Oct-2013)
Explain : Public and Private Nuisance (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)
Define Nuisance. Distinguish between Public and Private nuisance. (Nov-2014)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain the meaning of Negligence. State the points which the plaintiff must prove in a
suit for negligence. (Nov-2012)
What is Negligence ? State as to which defence a defendant can take up in action of
libel. (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Res ipsa loquitor. (Nov-2012)

Write explanatory note : Doctrine of "Res ipsa loquitur' (Oct-2013)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Act of God. (Nov-2012)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Tort of Fraud.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : No fault liability under Motor Vehicle Act. (Nov-2011)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Provision of Insurance against third party risks under M.V. Act. (Nov-2011)
Explain : Provisions of insurance against third party risks under the Motor Vehicle Act.
(Nov-2012, Oct-2013, Apr-2016)
"Provisions of Insurance against third party risk under Motor Vehicles Act : Explain.
(Nov-2014)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Commencement and duration of risks of Motor Insurance. (Nov-2011, Oct-

2013)
Write short note : Risk and duration of Motor Claim. (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Compensation in case of Hit and Run cases (Nov-2011)

Explain : Hit and run liability under Motor Vehicle Act. (Nov-2012)
Discuss about special provisions for compensation in Hit and Run liability under MV
Act. (Oct-2013)
Write short note : Damages for Hit & run case (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss the jurisdiction and functions of Motor Vehicle Tribunal. (Nov-2012)

Discuss the jurisdiction and functions of Motor Vehicle Tribunals under MV Act. (Oct-
2013, Apr-2016)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Module-3) Principles of Liability in Torts and Legal Remedies

3.1) Principle of Strict Liability: Ryland V. Fletcher case with exceptions
3.2) Principle of Absolute Liability ; Bhopal Gas Disaster case and Shree Ram
Food Gas Leakage case
3.3) Remoteness of damage foresee ability and directness Injunction
Specific restitution of property
3.4) Extra-legal remedies self-help, re-entry on land, re-caption of goods,
distress damage feasant
GO TO CONTENTS.
Describe the general conditions of Liability in Tort . What is the role of "Motive' in
Tortious Liability ? (Oct-2013)
Discuss the Rule of Strict liability with exceptions. (Nov-2014)
Write explanatory note : Fact and principle of the Bhopal Gas Disaster case. (Apr-
2016)
Explain : Inevitable Accident (Nov-2011)
Explain the rule of Absolute liability with special reference to the case of Rylands V.
Fletcher and state the exceptions to that rule. (Apr-2016)
State the facts, decision and principles of law laid down in Rylands V. Fletcher
(1886 L.R.3. H.L. 330) (Oct-2013)
Write explanatory note : Shree Ram Food Gas Leakage Case (Oct-2013)
Explain : Rylands Vs. Fletcher (Nov-2011)
Explain the principle involved in : Rylands vls. Fletcher (Nov-2012)
Write short note : Rylands V/s Fletcher (Dec-2015)
Explain : Tortious Liability of a Minor (Nov-2011)
Write short note : Tortious liability of Minor. (Dec-2015)
Explain about Remoteness of Damages'. What is the "True Test of Remoteness of
Damages'. (Oct-2013)
Write explanatory notes : Remotness of damages (Nov-2014)
Explain in detail the rule of Remoteness of Damages. (Apr-2016)
Discuss : Injunction, Specific restitution of property.
There are two kinds of remedies for torts. Judicial and Extra Judicial" Discuss this
statement. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Dec-2015)

"There are two kinds of remedies available in Tort. Discuss extra-legal remedies in
detail. (Nov-2014)
Discuss : Extra-legal remedies self-help, re-entry on land, re-caption of
goods, distress damage feasant.
Write explanatory note : Extra-legal remedies (Apr-2016)
GO TO CONTENTS.
MODULE-3 ANSWERS :
Describe the general conditions of Liability in Tort. What is the role of "Motive' in
Tortious Liability ? (Oct-2013)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss the Rule of Strict liability with exceptions. (Nov-2014)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Write explanatory note : Fact and principle of the Bhopal Gas Disaster case. (Apr-
2016)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Inevitable Accident (Nov-2011)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain the rule of Absolute liability with special reference to the case of Rylands V.
Fletcher and state the exceptions to that rule. (Apr-2016)
State the facts, decision and principles of law laid down in Rylands V. Fletcher
(1886 L.R.3. H.L. 330) (Oct-2013)
Write explanatory note : Shree Ram Food Gas Leakage Case (Oct-2013)
Explain : Rylands Vs. Fletcher (Nov-2011)
Explain the principle involved in : Rylands vls. Fletcher (Nov-2012)
Write short note : Rylands V/s Fletcher (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Tortious Liability of a Minor (Nov-2011)

Write short note : Tortious liability of Minor. (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain about Remoteness of Damages'. What is the "True Test of Remoteness of

Damages'. (Oct-2013)
Write explanatory notes : Remotness of damages (Nov-2014)
Explain in detail the rule of Remoteness of Damages. (Apr-2016)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Injunction, Specific restitution of property.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
There are two kinds of remedies for torts. Judicial and Extra Judicial" Discuss this
statement. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Dec-2015)
"There are two kinds of remedies available in Tort. Discuss extra-legal remedies in
detail. (Nov-2014)
Discuss : Extra-legal remedies self-help, re-entry on land, re-caption of
goods, distress damage feasant.
Write explanatory note : Extra-legal remedies (Apr-2016)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Module-4) Concept of Consumer & Consumer Protection Act

4.1) Consumer : Definition,
4.2) Services : Types of services, Deficiency- meaning,
4.3) Commercial & Professional Services, Medical Services
4.4) Denial of Services
4.5) Consumer Protection Councils
4.6) Consumer Disputes Redressal Agencies : District Forum, State
Commission & National Commission, Judicial Review
GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain about 'consumer' and objects of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. (Oct-
2013)
Explain : Consumer and his rights. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Dec-2015)
Explain : Trader and Manufacturer (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)
Write note : Trader and Manufacturer (Dec-2015)
Explain : Unfair Trade Practice (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Oct-2013)
Write note : Unfair trade practice (Dec-2015)
Explain : Defect in goods or services (Nov-2012)
Discuss : Types of services, Deficient service.
Define Consumer and Commercial and Professional Services under the Consumer
Protection Act, 1986. (Apr-2016)
Discuss : Medical services.
Explain the liability of Doctors under Consumer Protection Act with decided
cases. (Nov-2014)
Explain : Indian Medical Association vs. V. P. Shanta (Nov-2012)
Discuss : Denial of Services.
Explain : Central Consumer Protection Council. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)
Write note : Consumer Protection Councils (Oct-2013, Dec-2015)
What is Consumer Dispute ? Explain about various kinds of consumer redressal
forum. (Apr-2016)
Explain : Consumer Dispute (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Dec-2015)
Explain : Appropriate Laboratory (Nov-2012)
Explain : District Forum (Nov-2011)

Discuss the composition and jurisdiction of State and National Commission under
the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. (Oct-2013)
Discuss : Judicial review of consumer dispute redressal .
GO TO CONTENTS.
MODULE-4 ANSWERS :
Explain about 'consumer' and objects of the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. (Oct-
2013)
Explain : Consumer and his rights. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Trader and Manufacturer (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)

Write note : Trader and Manufacturer (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Unfair Trade Practice (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Oct-2013)

Write note : Unfair trade practice (Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Defect in goods or services (Nov-2012)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Types of services, Deficient service.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Define Consumer and Commercial and Professional Services under the Consumer
Protection Act, 1986. (Apr-2016)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Medical services.

Explain the liability of Doctors under Consumer Protection Act with decided
cases. (Nov-2014)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Indian Medical Association vs. V. P. Shanta (Nov-2012)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Denial of Services.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Central Consumer Protection Council. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)

Write note : Consumer Protection Councils (Oct-2013, Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
What is Consumer Dispute ? Explain about various kinds of consumer redressal

forum. (Apr-2016)
Explain : Consumer Dispute (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Dec-2015)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : Appropriate Laboratory (Nov-2012)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Explain : District Forum (Nov-2011)

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss the composition and jurisdiction of State and National Commission under
the Consumer Protection Act, 1986. (Oct-2013)
ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
Discuss : Judicial review of consumer dispute redressal.

ANSWER :
Refer :

GO TO CONTENTS.
*** End-of-Compilation ***
Source : Public domain print/ internet contents.

URLs of some such resources are listed herein above.
Credits/ copyrights duly acknowledged.
Suggested Reading :
Salmond and Heuston On the Law of Torts, Universal, Delhi
D.D. Basu. The Law of Torts, Kamal, Calcutta. D. M.
Gandhi Law of Tort Eastern, Lucknow
P.S. Achuthan Pillai, The Law of Torts, Eastern, Lacknow
Ratanlal & Dhirajlal. The Law of Torts, Universla, Dehi.
Winfield and Jolowiz on Torts, Sweet and Maxwell, London.
Saraf, D. N. Law of Consumer Protection in India, Tripathi, Bomaby. Avtar Singh. The
Law of Consumer Protection, Principles and Practice, Eastern Book Co. Lucknow.
J. N. Barowalia, Commentary on Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Universal Delhi.
P. K. Majundar, The Law of Consumer Protection in India, Orient Publishing Co. New
Delhi.
R.M. Vats, Consumer and the Law, Universal, Delhi. Winfield and
Jolowiz on Tort, Sweet and Maxwell London.
Saraf, D. n. Law of Consumer Protection In India, Tripathi, Bombay. Avtar Singh, The
Law of Consumer Protection Principles and Practice, Eastern Book Co. Lucknow
J. N. Barowalia, Commentary on Consumer Protection Act, 1986, Universal Delhi.
P. K. Majundar. The law of Consumer Protection. In India, Orient Publishing Co . New
Delhi.
R. M. Vats, Consumer and the Law, Universal, Delhi.
Motor Vehicles Act, 1988: Eastern Book Company
A. P. Mathurs Law Relating to Motor Vehicles : Eastern Book Company (Revised by
Justice G. C. Mathur(Retd.))

101 Tort - MV Accident - Consumer Protection

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

101 Tort - MV Accident - Consumer Protection

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

https://www.facebook.com/groups/Dharmo.Rakshati.

LL.B. STUDY NOTES

Stay connected using facebook.

101 Law of Tort including MV Accident and Consumer Protection Laws

Module-1) General Principles of Tort

Objectives of the Course :

Module-1) General Principles of Tort

Write explanatory note : Extinguishment of Liability in Tort (Oct-2013, Apr-2016)

Explain the principle involved in : Ashby v/s. White (Nov-2012)

Distinguish : Crime & Breach of Contract.

Write explanatory notes : Volenti non fit injuria (Nov-2014)

Write explanatory note : Extinguishment of Liability in Tort (Oct-2013, Apr-2016)

Discuss in detail about general defences to the tort. (Apr-2016)

Module-2) Torts against person, property, Freedom & Reputation

Discuss : Kinds of torts against person.

Explain : Public and Private Nuisance (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)

Discuss : Kinds of torts against person.

Explain the principle involved in : Stephen v/s. Mayers (Nov-2012)

Explain the principle involved in : Stephen v/s. Mayers (Nov-2012)

Explain the principle involved in : Bird v/s. Jones (Nov-2012)

Explain : Willkinson V/s. Downton (Nov-2011)

Explain : Conspiracy (Nov-2011)

Discuss : Kinds of torts against property.

Explain : Armory V/s. Delamarie (Nov-2011)

Write explanatory notes : Tort related to Reputation. (Nov-2014, Apr-2016)

Explain the principle involved in : Donogue v/s. Stevenson (Nov-2012)

Explain the principle involved in : Dawis v/s. Mann (Nov-2012)

Explain : Res ipsa loquitor. (Nov-2012)

Explain : Act of God. (Nov-2012)

Discuss : Tort of Fraud.

Explain : No fault liability under Motor Vehicle Act. (Nov-2011)

Explain : Commencement and duration of risks of Motor Insurance. (Nov-2011, Oct-

Explain : Compensation in case of Hit and Run cases (Nov-2011)

Discuss the jurisdiction and functions of Motor Vehicle Tribunal. (Nov-2012)

Module-3) Principles of Liability in Torts and Legal Remedies

statement. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Dec-2015)

Discuss the Rule of Strict liability with exceptions. (Nov-2014)

Explain : Inevitable Accident (Nov-2011)

Explain : Tortious Liability of a Minor (Nov-2011)

Explain about Remoteness of Damages'. What is the "True Test of Remoteness of

Explain in detail the rule of Remoteness of Damages. (Apr-2016)

Discuss : Injunction, Specific restitution of property.

Module-4) Concept of Consumer & Consumer Protection Act

Explain : District Forum (Nov-2011)

Explain : Trader and Manufacturer (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)

Explain : Unfair Trade Practice (Nov-2011, Nov-2012, Oct-2013)

Explain : Defect in goods or services (Nov-2012)

Discuss : Types of services, Deficient service.

Discuss : Medical services.

Explain : Indian Medical Association vs. V. P. Shanta (Nov-2012)

Discuss : Denial of Services.

Explain : Central Consumer Protection Council. (Nov-2011, Nov-2012)

What is Consumer Dispute ? Explain about various kinds of consumer redressal

Explain : Appropriate Laboratory (Nov-2012)

Explain : District Forum (Nov-2011)

Discuss : Judicial review of consumer dispute redressal.

*** End-of-Compilation ***

Source : Public domain print/ internet contents.

You might also like

* End-of-Compilation *