Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) with

System Coupling

Dr Jasper Kidger
ANSYS UK Ltd.

1 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling (FSI) Introduction

2 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Outline

Review of pre-R14 Solutions for ANSYS Fluent

Motivation for System Coupling

Features available

Demonstration of using System Coupling

Gallery

Questions

3 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Brief Review of Pre R14 FSI Solutions
for ANSYS Fluent

4 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 One-Way FSI in Workbench

Default approach in Workbench is where data is transferred and

mapped using ANSYS CFD-Post
Supports both thermal and structural loads
Surface Temperature
Heat Transfer Coefficient
Pressure (i.e. Stress Vector)
Volumetric Temperature
All non-conservative mapping even for similar meshes
5 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012
 Outside of Workbench

1-way FSI could be performed using a the

FSI Mapping Toolkit in Fluent.
Compute CFD solution first
Read FEA mesh into Fluent
Fluent acts as an interpolation tool, exporting
CFD results at FEA mesh locations

2-way FSI required an external software tool

(MpCCI from Fraunhofer SCAI)
Required additional 3rd party license

6 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Couplings Motivation

7 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Introducing System Couplings
General Motivation

Common tool within Workbench for 2-way transfer of data between any of
our solvers.

- Rather than having a specific import tool for each solver combination:
- ANSYS Mechanical has a function for Fluent data import
- And another function for CFX data import
- Etc...

Each solver needs just one adaptor to exchange data with the coupling server
- Therefore any solver that is SC enabled can exchange data with any other
- ANSYS Mechanical exchanges data with just System Coupling

8 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Generalized Vision for System Couplings
in Workbench
Coupling Source Data Coupling Source Data Co-Simulation
(External) (Solvers) (Solvers)

Solver X Solver X
Structural Structural

Solver System Solver System

Transient Structural Transient Structural

AvailableatatR14.5
Planned
R15+ R14 for FLUENT/Mechanical Solvers

9 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 What is Supported at R14?

10 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling 14.0: A Broad Range of
Capabilities

Two-way surface (3D) force/displacement coupling with

ANSYS Fluent and ANSYS Mechanical
Workbench based setup and execution
Parameterization, design exploration and optimization
Windows (32/64-bit) and Linux (64-bit)
Integrated post-processing with ANSYS CFD-Post
Parallel processing for both Fluent and
Structural/Mechanical solutions with ANSYS HPC
Restarts for fluid-structure interaction

No special licensing required other than minimum ANSYS

license must be Structural

11 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Technical Review
(Workflow)

12 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling Schematic Setup

13 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling Controls the Participant Solvers
for Transient and Steady/Static Solutions

Solution update can ONLY be done via System Coupling component

System Coupling ensures that the time duration and time step settings are
consistent across all participant solvers

14 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Setup Transient/Static Structural Model

Setup structural solution,

structural boundary
conditions and Fluid-Solid
Interface

15 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Setup Fluid Flow (FLUENT) Model

Setup fluid solution, fluid

boundary conditions and specify
System Coupling Dynamic Mesh
Zone for fluid-structure interaction
motion

16 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Update Setup Cells for Transient/Static
Structural and Fluid Flow (FLUENT)
State of System Coupling setup cell will be
Upstream data is now available for SC Setup

17 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling GUI

Chart
Outline
Monitors

Solution Information
Details Text Monitors

18 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling Analysis Settings

Coupling End Time

If both participants are transient
For General, Number of Steps is
user input

Coupling Step Size

If both participants are transient
Note this overwrites values set in
Fluent / Mechanical interfaces

Minimum Number of Iterations per

Coupling Step

Maximum Number of Iterations per

Coupling Step

19 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling Participants are Transient/Static
Structural and Fluid Flow (FLUENT)

Region and variable information is

generated automatically via
Update when analysis systems are
first connected to System
Coupling

For Fluent, all regions of type Wall

are shown in SC Setup

For Mechanical, all regions of type

Fluid-Solid Interface are shown in
SC Setup

20 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Recommended Way to Create Data
Transfer Regions
Use Ctrl key to select a Fluent and
Mechanical region pair and select
Create Data Transfer from right-
click pop-up menu

Automatically fills in the details

for the data transfer region

Data transfers can be one-way

(i.e. only transfer force or only
transfer displacement) or two-way

21 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Create Data Transfers

22 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Data Transfer Defines the Details for the
Source, Target and Data Transfer Controls
Participant
Region
Variable
Transfer At
Start of Iteration only
Under Relaxation Factor
Convergence Target

23 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Execution Control

Co-Simulation Sequence
Transient or Static Structural will always
be first in the co-simulation sequence
Debug Output
Different levels of debug output for
analysis and data transfers
Intermediate Results File Output
Controls the intervals for writing restart
file information

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 Executing System Coupling

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 Alternative Method for Executing System
Coupling
From schematic select Update using right-click menu on
System Coupling solution cell
Solution progress (% complete) can be monitored using
View Progress menu

26 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Solution Information

Build information
Complete summary of coupling
service input file
Analysis details
Participant summaries
Data transfer details
Mapping diagnostics
Time step and iteration summary
Solver field equation convergence
summary
Data transfer convergence
summary
Fluent/MAPDL solver output

27 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Chart Monitors

Default chart monitors

X-axis can be show convergence
coupling time, history for all data
step or transfers.
iteration.

28 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Post Processing System Coupling

Transient/Static Structural or Fluid Flow (FLUENT)

Results cell for solver-specific post-processing
Connect structural Solution cell directly to Fluent system
Results cell or add a Results System (ANSYS CFD-Post)
for unified post-processing of structural and fluid results

29 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Post Processing System Coupling

Oscillating Plate Verification

Excellent correlation between
System Coupling, published
data and MFX solver

30 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Application Examples

31 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Tank Sloshing

Transient free surface flow in a liquid

storage tank with baffles
Tank is excited by a time varying
gravitational load for a duration of 10s
Baffles are non-metallic and fixed to
the tank with an adhesive
Forces are transferred (one-way only)
via co-simulation to determine the
stresses acting on the baffles
Determine the integrity and
viability of the adhesive bonding
Animation shows combined post-
processing of ANSYS Fluent and ANSYS
Mechanical results in ANSYS CFD-Post

32 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012 Laz Foley: ANSYS (Evanston)
 AGARD Wing

AGARD 445.6 test case

Mahogany wood
Zero angle of attack
Hexahedral mesh with diffusion
based smoothing in Fluent
Compressible flow (0.8 Mach)
Initialized from pre-solved steady
state flow solution

33 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012 Ashok Khondge: ANSYS (India)
 Liquid Pouring

Gulping liquid stream behavior in a

non-rigid package/carton design
Determine how pouring is affected by
package design, opening design and
fluid properties
Diffusion based smoothing used in
Fluent to cater for deformation of
package walls
Fluent models used include VOF and LES
This tightly coupled solution requires
stabilization method for successful Model courtesy of Tetra Pak
analysis

34 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Three-Leaf Valve

Transient blood flow through a three-

leaf valve
Symmetry used with 1/6th of fluid
domain
Non-Newtonian fluid (i.e. blood)
defined in Fluent
Re-meshing and smoothing in Fluent
Alternatively, use diffusion based
smoothing
Non-Linear contact in Transient
Structural to cater for closure of valve
leaflets
Blood vessel wall has combination of
isotropic and anisotropic (no-linear)
materials
35 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012 Laz Foley: ANSYS (Evanston)
 Online Resources and Documentation

36 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 System Coupling Documentation

37 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012 Available in HTML and PDF Formats
 System Coupling Tutorial

Tutorial input file available on ANSYS Customer Portal by using the Download
Wizard to download ANSYS_Fluid_Dynamics_Tutorial_Inputs.zip

38 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Best Practices

User documentation contains a dedicated section on

Best Practice Guidelines for Using System Coupling

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 Training Course
2-day Training course is currently being written for System Coupling

Predicted to be ready in March 2012

40 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012

 Any Questions?

41 2012 ANSYS, Inc. February 23, 2012