MODELS OF

HEALTH PROMOTION
MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 1: FOUR
PARADIGMS OF HEALTH PROMOTION (CAPLAN
AND HOLLAND - 1990)
Radical
RADICAL HUMANIST Nature of RADICAL STRUCTURLIST
change
Holistic view of health
society Health reflects structural
inequalities
De-professionalization
Need to challenge inequity and
Self-help networks
radically transform society.

Subjective Objective
Nature of
knowledge
HUMANIST
TRADITIONAL
Holistic view of health
Health = absence of disease
Aims to improve understanding
and development of self Aim is to change behaviour

Client-led Expert-led
Social
regulation
MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 2: HEALTH
PROMOTION METHODS USING BEATTIES
TYPOLOGY (BEATTIE 1991)
MODE OF INTERVENTION
Advice Legislation

Education
Authoritarian Policy making and
implementation
Behaviour change
Health surveillance
Mass media campaign

Individual Collective
Focus of
intervention
Counselling
Lobbying
Education
Action research
Group work
Skills sharing and training
Group work
Community development
Negotiated
MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 3: A TYPOLOGY
OF HEALTH PROMOTION (FRENCH 1990)

DISEASE
MANAGEMENT
Curative services
Management services HEALTH
DISEASE EDUCATION
Caring services
PREVENTION Agenda setting
Preventive services Empowerment and
Medical services support
Behaviour change Information
POLITICS OF HEALTH
Social action
Policy development
Economic and fiscal
policy
 MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 4: TANNAHILLS
MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION (DOWNIE et al 1990)

5 6. Positive health
1. Preventive services, Health education
e.g. immunization, protection, e.g.
cervical screening, workplace
2 7
hypertension case smoking policy.
4 6
finding, 1 Health
developmental Prevention 3 protection 7. Health education
surveillance, use of aimed at positive
nicotine chewing gum health protection,
to aid smoking
3. Preventive health protection, e.g. e.g. lobbying for
cessation. a ban on tobacco
fluoridation of water.
advertising.
2. Preventive health 4. Health education for preventive
education, e.g. health protection, e.g. lobbying
smoking cessation for seat belt legislation.
advice and 5. Positive health education, e.g
information. lifeskills with young people.
 MODEL OF HEALTH PROMOTION 5: THE
CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO HEALTH
PROMOTION (TONES et al 1990)

Public pressure Healthy public Lobbying

policy
Advocacy
Mediation
Healthy social
and physical
Empowered Healthy promoting
environment
participating organisation
community

HEALTH Healthy
services
Critical
Agenda Healthy Professional
consciousness
setting choices education
raising

Education for health