Part 1 midas Civil

1 ........................................................................................................... 3
2 ........................................................................................................... 4
3 ........................................................................................................... 5

3.1 ............................................................................................................................ 5
3.1.1 .................................................................................................................. 5
3.1.2 ....................................................................................... 5
3.1.3 .......................................................................................................... 6
3.1.4 ...................................................................................................... 6
3.2 ........................................................................................................................ 8
3.2.1 .................................................................................................................. 8
3.2.2 ....................................................................................... 8
3.2.3 .......................................................................................................... 8
3.2.4 ...................................................................................................... 8
3.3 ................................................................................................................................ 8
3.3.1 .................................................................................................................. 8
3.3.2 .......................................................................................................... 9
3.3.3 .................................................................................................................. 9
3.4 ...................................................................................................................... 12
3.4.1 ................................................................................................................ 12
3.4.2 ..................................................................................... 12
3.4.3 ................................................................................................................ 12
3.4.4 .................................................................................................... 13
3.5 .............................................................................................................................. 13
3.5.1 ................................................................................................................ 13
3.5.2 ..................................................................................... 13
3.5.3 ................................................................................................................ 13
3.5.4 ........................................................................................................ 14
3.6 .................................................................................................................. 15
3.6.1 ................................................................................................................ 15
3.6.2 ..................................................................................... 16
3.6.3 ................................................................................................................ 17
3.6.4 ............................................................................................................ 17

| 1


3.6.5 ........................................................................................................ 19
3.6.6 .................................................................................................... 20
3.7 .................................................................................................................. 23
3.7.1 ................................................................................................................ 23
3.7.2 ..................................................................................... 23
3.7.3 ................................................................................................................ 25
3.7.4 ............................................................................................................ 25
3.7.5 ........................................................................................................ 27
3.7.6 .................................................................................................... 28
3.8 ...................................................................................................................... 30
3.8.1 ................................................................................................................ 30
3.8.2 ..................................................................................... 31
3.8.3 ................................................................................................................ 32
3.8.4 .................................................................................................... 32
3.9 .............................................................................................................................. 34
3.9.1 ................................................................................................................ 34
3.9.2 ..................................................................................... 35
3.9.3 ........................................................................................................ 35
3.9.4 ............................................................................................................ 36
3.9.5 ........................................................................................................ 37
3.9.6 .................................................................................................... 38
3.10 ........................................................................................................................ 42
3.10.1 .............................................................................................................. 42
3.10.2 ............................................................... 42
3.10.3 ...................................................................................................... 43
3.10.4 .......................................................................................................... 44
3.10.5 ...................................................................................................... 46
3.10.6 .................................................................................................. 48
4 ......................................................................................... 52

4.1 .................................................................................. 54
4.2 .............................................................................................................................. 56
4.3 .................................................................................................................. 58
4.4 .................................................................................................................. 59
4.5 ...................................................................................................................... 59
4.6 .............................................................................................................................. 59
4.7 .......................................................................................................................... 60
4.8 .................................................................................................................. 61
5 ..................................................................................................... 62

5.1 .......................................................................................................................... 63

2 |


5.2 .................................................................................................................. 63
5.3 ...................................................................................................................... 64
5.4 ...................................................................................................................... 70
5.5 ...................................................................................................................... 71
5.6 .......................................................................................................................... 72
5.7 ...................................................................................................... 73
6 ................................................................................................................ 74

6.1 .......................................................................................................................... 74
6.2 .................................................................................................................. 74
6.3 .................................................................................................................. 76
6.4 ...................................................................................... 78
6.5 .................................................................................................................. 80
6.6 .................................................................................................................. 81
6.7 .................................................................................................................. 86
6.8 .................................................................................................................. 87
6.8.1 ............................................................................................. 87
6.8.2 ............................................................................................. 94
6.9 .......................................................................................................... 95
6.10 .......................................................................................................... 101

Part 2 midas Civil

1 ....................................................................................................... 105
2 .............................................................................................................. 106

2.1 ................................................................................................................................ 106

2.2 ........................................................................................ 106
3 ....................................................................................................... 108

3.1 .................................................................................................................... 108

3.2 .................................................................................................................... 112
3.3 ................................................................................................................ 115
3.4 ........................................................................................................................ 116
3.5 ........................................................................................................................ 117
3.5.1 .............................................................................................................. 117
3.5.2 ................................................................................... 117
3.5.3 ......................................................................................... 119
4 ...................................................................................................................... 120

4.1 ................................................................................................................................ 120

| 3


4.2 ........................................................................................................................ 121

4.3 ........................................................................................................................ 123
4.3.1 ........................................... 124
4.3.2 ................................................................... 125
4.4 ........................................................................................ 125
4.4.1 ...................................................................................................................... 125
4.4.2 ................................................... 127
4.5 ........................................................................................................................ 128
4.6 ................................................................................................................ 129
4.7 ............................................................................ 129
4.8 ........................................................................................ 129
5 .......................................................................................................... 131
6 ................................................................................................... 135

6.1 .................................................................................................................... 135

6.2 .................................................................................................................... 137
6.3 ................................................................................................................ 139
7 .............................................................................................................. 141
8 .......................................................................................................... 144

8.1 ................................................................................................................................ 144

8.2 ............................................................................................................ 145
8.2.1 - ..................................................................................................... 146
8.2.2 .................................................................................................................. 147
8.3 P-DELTA ................................................................................................................... 149
8.4 .................................................................................................................... 151
8.4.1 ...................................................................................................................... 151
8.4.2 .............................................................................................. 151
8.5 .................................................................................................... 152
8.5.1 .............................................................................................................. 152
8.5.2 ................................................................................... 153
8.5.3 ........................................................... 154
8.5.4 ........................................................... 157
8.5.5 .............................................................................................................. 158
8.5.6 ....................................................................................... 159
8.5.7 ...................................................................................................... 159
8.5.8 ...................................................................................................................... 164
8.5.9 .......................................................................................................................... 164
8.5.10 ............................................................................................................ 165
8.5.11 .................................................................................................... 167

4 |


8.5.12 ................................................................................................ 168

8.5.13 - ....................................................................................................... 170
8.5.14 - ....................................................................................................... 171
8.5.15 ........................................................................................................ 172
8.6 ............................................................................................................ 172
8.6.1 .............................................................................................................. 172
8.6.2 .............................................................................................................. 175
8.6.3 .............................................................................................................. 175
8.6.4 .............................................................................................. 179
8.6.5 .............................................................................................................. 181
8.6.6 ........................................................... 183
8.7 ............................................................................................................ 186
8.7.1 ...................................................................................................................... 186
8.7.2 .............................................................................................................. 187
8.7.3 ........................................................................................... 188
8.7.4 .......................................................................................................... 192
8.7.5 .......................................................................................................... 196
8.7.6 .............................................................................................................. 196
8.7.7 ............................................................... 197
8.7.8 ...................................................................................................... 210
8.7.9 Pushover .......................................................... 214
8.7.10 ............................................................................................ 218
8.7.11 ............................................................................. 220
8.7.12 Pushover ............................................................................................ 221
9 ................................................................................................... 222

9.1 ................................................................................................................................ 222

9.1.1 ............................................................................... 222
9.1.2 .................................................................................................................. 224
9.1.3 ...................................................................................................... 225
9.1.4 ....................................................................................... 226
9.1.5 - ..................................................................................................... 226
9.2 .................................................................................................................... 227
9.2.1 ...................................................................................................... 227
9.2.2 ........................................................................................... 231
9.2.3 .................................................................................................. 232
9.3 .................................................................................................... 232
9.3.1 ...................................................................................................... 232
9.3.2 .............................................................................................. 234
9.4 ................................................................................................................ 235

| 5


9.4.1 ....................................................................................... 236

9.4.2 ........................................................................................... 237
9.4.3 ........................................................................................... 238
9.4.4 ....................................................................................... 239
9.4.5 .............................................................................................. 240
9.4.6 ....................................................................................... 241
9.4.7 ....................................................................................... 242
9.4.8 ....................................................................................... 245
9.4.9 ............................................................................... 246
9.4.10 ............................................................................. 248
9.4.11 ..................................................................................... 249
9.4.12 ..................................................................................... 249
9.4.13 ..................................................................................... 250
9.4.14 ..................................................................................... 252
9.4.15 ..................................................................................... 253
9.4.16 - ............................................................................... 254
9.4.17 - ................................................................................... 255
9.5 .................................................................................................................... 256
9.5.1 ...................................................................................................... 257
9.5.2 P-M P-M-M ..................................................................................... 258
9.5.3 .......................................................................................................... 259
9.6 ........................................................................................................................ 261
9.6.1 .............................................................................................. 265
9.6.2 ........................................................................................... 267
10 ..................................................................................................... 274

10.1 .............................................................................................................................. 274

10.2 .............................................................................................................. 274
10.2.1 ........................................................................................................ 275
10.2.2 ................................................................................................ 278
10.2.3 ........................................................................................................ 280
10.2.4 ..................................................................................... 280
10.3 .............................................................................................. 281
10.4 .................................................................................................. 283
10.4.1 .................................................................................................... 283
10.4.2 .................................................................................................... 284
10.5 .................................................................................................. 284
10.5.1 () ...................................... 285
10.5.2 ............................................................................................ 285
10.5.3 ................................................................................................ 287

6 |


10.5.4 ......................................................... 287

10.5.5 () .................................................. 288
11 ........................................................................................................ 290

11.1 .................................................................................................................. 290

11.1.1 .................................................................................................................... 290
11.1.2 .................................................................................................................... 291
11.1.3 .................................................................................................................... 291
11.1.4 .................................................................................................................... 292
11.1.5 ............................................................................................................ 292
11.1.6 ............................................................................................................ 292
11.1.7 ............................................................................................................ 292
11.2 .................................................................................................................. 293
11.2.1 ......................................................................................... 293
11.2.2 ......................................... 295
11.2.3 ............................................................................. 296
11.2.4 ................................................................................................ 296
11.2.5 ................................................................................................ 296
11.3 .......................................................................................................... 296
12 PSC ...................................................................................................... 299

12.1 ...................................................................................................... 299

12.2 .............................................................................................................. 300
12.2.1 l1 .................................... 300
12.2.2 l2 ................................ 301
12.2.3 l4 ............................................................ 302
12.2.4 l5 ................................................ 303
12.2.5 l6 .................................................... 306
12.3 .................................................................................................................. 306
13 ..................................................................................................... 308

13.1 .............................................................................................................. 309

13.1.1 .................................................................................................................... 309
13.1.2 ................................................................................................................ 310
13.2 .............................................................................................. 311
13.3 .......................................................................................................... 317
13.4 .......................................................................................................... 318
13.5 .......................................................................................... 318
13.6 ...................................................................................................................... 318
14 ..................................................................................................... 319

| 7


15 ......................................................................................... 320
16 ...................................................................... 321

Part3 midas Civil

1 RC ......................................................................................... 327

1.1 RC ................................................................................................. 327

1.1.1 - ............................................................................. 327
1.1.2 - ............................................................................. 329
1.1.3 -.................................................................. 331
1.1.4 - ................................................................................. 332
1.1.5 - ......................................................................................... 335
1.1.6 - ......................................................................................... 336
1.1.7 - ............................................................................. 337
1.1.8 - ............................................................................. 341
1.1.9 - ......................................................................................... 345
1.1.10 - ............................................................................... 350
1.1.11 - ....................................................................................... 354
1.1.12 -/ .......................................... 355
1.1.13 -/ .......................................... 358
1.2 RC ......................................................................................................... 360
1.3 RC ................................................................................................. 364
2 PSC ........................................................... 370

2.1 PSC ................................................................................................ 370

2.1.1 ................................................................................... 370
2.1.2 ................................................................................... 372
2.1.3 ................................................................................... 374
2.1.4 ................................................................................... 376
2.1.5 ............................................................................... 377
2.1.6 ........................................................................... 378
2.1.7 ....................................................................................... 379
2.1.8 ...................................................................................................... 381
2.1.9 .............................................................................................. 382
2.1.10 ................................................................................. 383
2.1.11 ................................................................................ 385
2.1.12 ............................................................................................ 388
2.1.13 ............................................................................................ 390
2.2 PSC ........................................................................................................ 393

8 |


2.3 PSC ................................................................................................. 396

3 ............................................................................................... 400

3.1 ........................................................................................ 400

3.1.1 ...................................................................................................... 400
3.1.2 ...................................................................................................... 402
3.1.3 ...................................................................................................... 403
3.1.4 .............................................................................................. 404
3.1.5 .............................................................................................. 406
3.1.6 .............................................................................................. 408
3.1.7 .............................................................................................. 410
3.1.8 ................................................................................... 411
3.1.9 ....................................................................... 412
3.1.10 ......................................................... 414
3.1.11 ............................................................. 416
3.1.12 ................................................................. 418
3.1.13 ..................................................................... 419
3.1.14 ............................................................................................ 420
3.2 ................................................................................................ 421
3.3 ........................................................................................ 427
4 RC ........................................................................ 434

4.1 RC ................................................................................................. 434

4.1.1 - ......................................................................................... 434
4.1.2 - ..................................................................................... 436
4.1.3 - ............................................................................................. 437
4.1.4 - ................................................................................................. 438
4.1.5 - ......................................................................................... 440
4.1.6 - ......................................................................................... 441
4.1.7 - ......................................................................................... 442
4.1.8 - ..................................................................................... 444
4.1.9 - ............................................................................................. 445
4.1.10 - ........................................................................................... 446
4.1.11 - ............................................................................................... 447
4.1.12 - ................................................................................................... 449
4.2 RC ......................................................................................................... 450
4.3 RC ................................................................................................. 453
5 PSC ...................................................................... 458

5.1 PSC ........................................................................................ 458

5.1.1 - ................................................................................................. 458

| 9


5.1.2 - ............................................................................................. 460

5.1.3 - ............................................................................................. 462
5.1.4 - ..................................................................... 464
5.1.5 - ..................................................................... 466
5.1.6 -.................................................................. 468
5.1.7 -.............................................................. 469
5.1.8 - .......................................................... 471
5.1.9 -.................................................................. 473
5.1.10 - ....................................................................... 474
5.1.11 - .................................................... 476
5.1.12 - .................................................... 476
5.1.13 - ............................................................................................... 479
5.1.14 - ................................................................................... 480
5.1.15 - ................................................................................... 483
5.1.16 - ................................................................... 485
5.1.17 - ............................................................... 487
5.1.18 - ........................................................... 488
5.1.19 - ............................................................... 489
5.1.20 - .................................................... 490
5.1.21 - .................................................... 491
5.2 PSC ........................................................................................................ 492
5.3 PSC ................................................................................................ 495
6 ............................................................................................... 501

6.1 ........................................................................................ 501

6.1.1 ....................................................................................... 501
6.1.2 ........................................................................................... 503
6.1.3 ........................................................................................... 504
6.1.4 .................................................................................................. 505
6.1.5 .................................................................................................. 506
6.1.6 ........................................................................... 507
6.2 ................................................................................................ 508
6.3 ........................................................................................ 512

10 |
 Part1 midas Civil

Part 1 midas Civil

| 1


2 |
 1

Finite Element

| 3


midas Civil
1 (Global Coordinate System)
2 (Element Coordinate System)
3 (Node local Coordinate System)
X Y Z
(Conventional Cartesian Coordinate System) XYZ

midas Civil
X=0Y=0Z=0
Z
Z
xyz
xyz



xyz
xyz

(Xi, Yi, Zi)

1.2.1

4 |
 3

midas Civil
1
2
3
4
5/
6
7
8
9
10

3.1

3.1.1
2
(Space Truss)(Diagonal Brace)

3.1.2
x


x yz

| 5


midas Civil yz

x N1 N2
1.3.1 x Z X
z x
x Z
Z x-z

X N1X
Y N1Y
N1 Z
Z

GCS -

a x Z

GCS-

b x Z

1.3.1

3.1.3

3.1.4

6 |
 3

1.3.2 +

y
Axial Force

Axial Force

1.3.2

1.3.3

Civil

| 7


3.2

3.2.1
2

=0 >0

a (b)

1.3.4

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.2.4

3.3

3.3.1
2

8 |
 3

1.3.5

3.3.2
(sag)

1
K comb 1.3.1
1/ K sag 1/ K elastic

EA
K comb
2 L2 EA 1.3.2
L 1
12T 3

EA 12T 3
K elastic K sag 2 3 1.3.3
L L

E
A
L
w
T

3.3.3
midas Civil
1.3.6 i 123, j 45
0 0 0 0 0 0
6 F 1F 2F 3F 4F 5F 6 F1F2F3F4 F5F6

F4 F1 1.3.4

| 9


F5 F2 1.3.5

F6 F3 w0l0 w0=w 1.3.6

lx lx0 D1 D4 f (F1, F2 , F3 ) 1.3.7

l y l y 0 2 5 g ( F1 , F2 , F3 ) 1.3.8

lz lz 0 D3 D6 h(F1, F2 , F3 ) 1.3.9

1.3.6

([F])
([K])

f f f
dlx = d F1 + d F2 + d F3
F1 F2 F3
g g g
dl y dF1 dF2 dF3 1.3.10
F1 F2 F3
h h h
dlz dF1 dF2 dF3
F1 F2 F3

10 |
 3

f f f

x
dl 1
dF F1 F2 F3
f11 f12 f13
g g g
dl y F dF2 F f 21 f 22 f 23 1.3.11
dl dF F1 F2 F3
z 3 h f 31 f 32 f 33
h h

F1 F2 F3

dF1 dlx

dF2 K dl y (K=F )
-1
1.3.12
dF dl
3 z

f L 1 F2 1 1
f11 0 ln F3 wL0 B ln F3 A 1 2 2
F1 EA0 w w B F3 wL0 B A F3 A
1.3.13

f FF 1 1
f12 1 2 2 2 1.3.14
F2 w B F3 wL0 B A F3 A

f F F wL0 B F A
f13 1 2 3 23 1.3.15
F3 w B F3 wL0 B A F3 A

g
f 21 f12 1.3.16
F1

g L 1 F2 1 1
f 22 0 ln F3 wL0 B ln F3 A 2 2 2
F2 EA0 w w B F3 wL0 B A F3 A
1.3.17
g F
f 23 2 f13 1.3.18
F3 F1

h F 1 1
f 31 1 1.3.19
F1 w B A

h F
f32 2 f31 1.3.20
F2 F1

| 11


h L 1 F wL0 F3
f 33 0 3 1.3.21
F3 EA0 w B A

1/2

A F12 F22 F32 , B F12 F22 F3 wL0
2 1/2
) 1.3.22

dF KT d 1.3.23

F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 F1
2 3 4 5 6
1

F2 F2 F2 F2 F2 F2
2 3 4 5 6
1
F3 F3 F3 F3 F3 F3

1 2 3 4 5 6 Fii Fij
KT
Fij
F1 1.3.24
F1 F1 F1 F1 F1 Fii

1 2 3 4 5 6
F F2 F2 F2 F2 F
1 2
1 2 3 4 5 6
F F3 F3 F3 F3 F
1 3
1 2 3 4 5 6

3.4

3.4.1
2


(Cap Distance)

3.4.2

3.4.3
12 |
 3

3.4.4

=0 >0

a b)

1.3.7

3.5

3.5.1
2

midas Civil
x (Linear Variation) x 1
2 3

3.5.2

6

3.5.3

| 13


3.5.4
1.3.8 +

Shearz
x

Momentz
Axial Force

Torque

z Momenty

Sheary
3/4

y
2/4
Sheary
1/4
Momenty
Torque

Axial Force
Momentz

Shearz

* +

1.3.8

14 |
 3

1.3.9

3.6

3.6.1
3 4

Isoparametric Plan Stress

Formulation with Incompatible Modes)
(Poisson Effects)

| 15


3.6.2
xy

xyz
1.3.10
N1N2N3N4
z N1 N4
N2 N3 x
x y
N1N2 x
yz

(N1N2N3N4)
y
x

x
(N1 N2)

(N1N2N3)
y
x

x
(N1 N2)

1.3.10

16 |
 3

3.6.3

P2
P2

3 N3
N4

4 2

N1 1
P2 N2

P2

1.3.11

3.6.4

1. 3
1/31/3

N3

1 1
P ,
3 3

P
N1

y

x N2

1.3.12 3

N1 1 N 2 N3

| 17


N N
x p Ni xi , y p Ni yi 1.3.25
i 1 i

1/3 1/3

3
1 1 1 1 1
x p Ni xi 1 x1 x2 x3 x1 x2 x3 1.3.26
i 1 3 3 3 3 3

1
yp y1 y2 y3 1.3.27
3
2. 4
4 Pi

N3

N4
1 1

1 P1 ,
P4
P3 3 3 3
1 1
P2 ,
3 3
1 1
P1
P3 ,
P2 3 3

1 1 1
y N1 3 P4 ,
3 3
1
x
3
1 N2
3

1.3.13 4

1 1 1 1
N1 1 1 , N2 1 1 , N3 1 1 , N4 1 1
4 4 4 4

1.3.28

Pi
P1 x

4
1
x p1 Ni xi 2 3 x1 x2 2 3 x3 x4 1.3.29
i 1 6

18 |
 3

2 3 1 2 3 1 x1

1 2 3 1 2 3 x2
xp 1.3.30
6 2 3 1 x3

symmetry 2 3 x4

2 3 1 2 3 1 y1

1 2 3 1 2 3 y2
yp 1.3.31
6 2 3 1 y3

symmetry 2 3 y4

3.6.5
3

1 1

1 1

t 1

t 1

1 1

s 1 s 1
1 1

1.3.14 4

4
s 3 , t 3 1.3.32

| 19


N Ni i i 1, 2, 3, 4 1.3.33

4
N1 Ni i 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 2
1
i 1 4

1 3 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 4
1.3.34

4 2 3 4 2 3
1
2 2 2 4
4
1 3

N 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 1

N2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2
1.3.35
N 3 2 2 3 1 3
N 4
2 3 4

3.6.6

(Gauss Point)
(Extrapolation)

1.3.15 +

1.3.16 +

20 |
 3

Fy3
Fx1

Fy1

Fy2

1.3.15

* +

y
xy 2 1

xy

x x
xy

xy 1 2
y

a b

x x
y y

xy x-y

| 21
 x : x
y : y
xy : x-y

x y
2
x + y
1 : = + + xy
2

2 2
x y
2
x + y
2 : = + xy
2

2 2

x y
2

max : = + xy
2

2
: x
eff : von-Mises Stress = (12 1 2 + 2 2 )

1.3.16

1.3.17

22 |
 3

3.7

3.7.1
(Dam)(Tunnel)

(Isoparametric Plane Strain Formulation with Incompatible Models)

midas Civil x-z 1.0()
1.3.18

(Poisson Effects)

1.0

1.3.18

3.7.2
XZ

xyz
1.3.19
N1N2N3N4
z N1 N4
N2 N3 x
x y

| 23


N1N2
x yz

* +

y
x

(N1N2N3N4)

y
x

(N1N2N3)

z
x
N1N2

1.3.19

24 |
 3

3.7.3

1.3.20

P2
P2

3 N3
N4

4 2

N1 1
P2 N2

P2

1.3.20

3.7.4

13
1/31/3

N3

1 1
P ,
3 3

P
N1

z
x N2

1.3.21 3

| 25


N1 1 N 2 N3

N N
x p Ni xi , z p Ni zi 1.3.36
i 1 i

1/ 3 1/ 3
3
1 1 1 1 1
x p Ni xi 1 x1 x2 x3 x1 x2 x3 1.3.37
i 1 3 3 3 3 3

1
zp z1 z2 z3 1.3.38
3

24
4 Pi

N3

N4
1 1

1 P1 ,
P4
P3 3 3 3
1 1
P2 ,
3 3
1 1
P1
P3 ,
P2 3 3

1 1 1
z N1 3 P4 ,
3 3
1
x
3
1 N2
3

1.3.22 4

1 1
N1 1 1 , N2 1 1
4 4
1 1
N3 1 1 , N4 1 1 1.3.39
4 4
Pi
P1 x

26 |
 3

4
1
x p1 Ni xi 2 3 x1 x2 2 3 x3 x4 1.3.40
i 1 6

2 3 1 2 3 1 x1

1 2 3 1 2 3 x2
xp 1.3.41
6 2 3 1 x3

symmetry 2 3 x4

3.7.5
3

1 1

1 1

t 1

t 1

1 1

s 1 s 1
1 1

1.3.23 4

s 3 , t 3 1.3.42

4
N Ni i 1.3.43
i 1

| 27


4
N 1 Ni i 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 2
1
i 1 4

1 3 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 4
1.3.44

4 2 3 2 4 2 3
1
2 4
4
1 2 3

N 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 1

N2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2
1.3.45
N 3 2 2 3 1 3
N 4
2 3 4

3.7.6

1.3.24 Segment




(Gauss Point)
(Extrapolation)

1.3.19 +

1.3.24 +
y
y
yy 3
2

yx 3
xx
zz 2
xy zz xy 1 1

xx 1
z yx x
2
z x
yy 3
a b

28 |
 3

xx : x
yy : y
zz : z
xy yx : x-y
1, 2, 3 : 1
23
, - I 1 - I 2 - I 3 = 0
3 2

I 1 = xx yy zz
xx xy xx xz yy yz
I2 =
xy yy xz zz yz zz
xx xy xz
I 3 xy yy yz , xz zy 0
xz yz zz
: x-y1x
1 2 2 3 3 1
max : = max , ,
2 2 2
1
eff : von-Mises Stress ( 1 2 ) 2 ( 2 3 ) 2 ( 3 1 ) 2

2
1
oct : Octahedral Normal Stress ( 1 + 2 + 3 )
3
1
oct : Octahedral Shear Stress ( 1 2 ) 2 ( 2 3 ) 2 ( 3 1 ) 2
9

1.3.24

| 29


1.3.25

3.8

3.8.1
(
)(Isoparametric
Formulation)

3 2
midas Civil Z
X-Z Z X
X (X0)
1 1.3.25

(XY, YZ) (XY, YZ)

1.0

1.3.26

30 |
 3

3.8.2
XZ

xyz
1.3.26
N1N2N3N4
z N1 N4
N2 N3 x
x y
N1N2 x
y z
* +
y
x FZ3
FZ4
FX3

FX4 (N1N2N3N4)

FX1
FX2

FZ1
FZ2

FZ3
y
x
FX3

(N1N2N3)

z
x
FX1 N1N2

FX2
FZ1

FZ2

1.3.27

| 31


3.8.3

1.3.28

P2
P2

3 N3
N4

4 2

N1 1
P2 N2

P2

1.3.28

3.8.4

1.3.29 Segment




(Gauss Point)
(Extrapolation)

1.3.27 +

1.3.29 +
* +

32 |
 3

y y
3
yy 2

yx 3
xx 2
zz
xy zz xy 1 1

1
xx
z yx 2
x
z x
yy 3
a b
xx : x
yy : y
zz : z
xy yx : x-y
1, 2, 3 : 1
23
, - I 1 - I 2 - I 3 = 0
3 2

I 1 = xx yy zz
xx xy xx xz yy yz
I2 =
xy yy xz zz yz zz
xx xy xz
I 3 xy yy yz , yz zx 0
xz yz zz
: x-y1x
1 2 2 3 3 1
max : = max , ,
2 2 2
1
eff : von-Mises Stress ( 1 2 ) 2 ( 2 3 ) 2 ( 3 1 ) 2
2
1
oct : Octahedral Normal Stress ( 1 + 2 + 3 )
3
1
oct : Octahedral Shear Stress ( 1 2 ) 2 ( 2 3 ) 2 ( 3 1 ) 2
9

1.3.29

| 33


1.3.30

3.9

3.9.1
3 4 Plate Element)


midas Civil DKT/DKQ(Discrete Kichhoff Element)
DKMT/DKMQ(Discrete Kirchhoff-Mindlin Element)
Kirchhoff Plate Theory Mindlin-Reissner Plate Theory

LST(Linear Strain Triangle)
(Isoparametric Plane Stress
Formulation with Incompatible Modes)

(Isoparametric Plane Stress Formulation
with Incompatible Modes)
Allman

(In-plane Stiffness)
(Out-of-Plane-Stiffness)

34 |
 3

3.9.2
xyz
xy
xyz
1.3.31

3.9.3

(N1N2N3N4)
y
x

x
(N1 N2)

(N1N2N3)
y
x

x
(N1 N2)

1.3.31

| 35


3.9.4

13
1/31/3

N3

1 1
P ,
3 3

P
N1

z
x N2

1.3.32 3

N1 1 N 2 N3

N N
x p Ni xi , y p Ni yi 1.3.46
i 1 i

1/3 1/3
3
1 1 1 1 1
x p Ni xi 1 x1 x2 x3 x1 x2 x3 1.3.47
i 1 3 3 3 3 3
1
yp y1 y2 y3 1.3.48
3

24
4 Pi
N3

N4 1 1
1 P1 ,
P3 3 3
3
P4
1 1
P2 ,
3 3
1 1
P1 P3 ,
P2 3 3

1
1 1
z N1 3 P4 ,
3 3
1
x
3
1 N2
3

1.3.33 4

36 |
 3

1 1 1 1
N1 1 1 , N2 1 1 , N3 1 1 , N4 1 1 1.3.49
4 4 4 4
Pi
P1 x

4
1
x p1 Ni xi 2 3 x1 x2 2 3 x3 x4 1.3.50
i 1 6

2 3 1 2 3 1 x1

1 2 3 1 2 3 x2
xp 1.3.51
6 2 3 1 x3

symmetry 2 3 x4
2 3 1 2 3 1 y1

1 2 3 1 2 3 y2
yp 1.3.52
6 2 3 1 y3

symmetry 2 3 y4

3.9.5
3

1 1

1 1

t 1

t 1

1 1

s 1 s 1
1 1

1.3.34 4

| 37


s 3 , t 3 1.3.53

N Ni i i 1, 2, 3, 4 1.3.54

4
N 1 Ni i 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 2
1
i 1 4

1 3 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 4
1.3.55

4 2 3 2 4 2 3
1
2 4
4
1 2 3

N 1 2 3 1 2 3 1 1

N2 1 2 3 1 2 3 2
1.3.56
N 3 2 2 3 1 3
N 4
2 3 4

3.9.6

(Gauss Point)
(Extrapolation)

1.3.35 +

38 |
 3

1.3.36
+

(Top Surface)
(Bottom Surface) 1.3.37 +
* +
Fz4
Fx4 Fy4
Mx4 M y4
N4 Fz 3
Fz1 z My3 Fy3
Fx1 Mx1 y
N3
N1
x Mx3 Fx3
Fy1 My1

Fz2

M x2 Mx2
Fy 2 N2 Fx 2

(a)

Fz3
Fy 3
M x3
Fz1 Fx3 My3
N3 z y
Mx1
Fx1 Fz2
x
N1
Fy1 My1 M x2
M y2 N2 Fx2
Fy2

(b)

1.3.35

* +

N4 y y
z N3
z N3

N1

N1 x
x
N2 N2

| 39


1.3.36

* +

y
xy 2 1

xy

x x
xy

xy 1 2
y

40 |
 3

x : x
y : y
xy : x-y

x y
2
x + y
1 : =
2
+ + xy
2 2
x y
2
x + y
2 : =
2
+ xy
2 2
x y
2

max : = 2
+ xy
2
: x

eff : von-Mises Stress = ( 1 1 2 + 2 )

2 2

1.3.37

1.3.38

| 41


3.10

3.10.1
4 6 8 (Solid
Element)(Solid Structure)(Thick
Shell)

(Isoparametric Formulation with Incompatible
Modes)

3.10.2

5
6

a8 Hexahedron

2(N4N5
N6)

5 4
4
3
3

1N1N2
N3 1

b6 Wedge b4 Tetrahedron

1.3.39

42 |
 3

XYZ

xyz
1

1.3.39 4 6
8

3.10.3

1.3.40

* +

2

5
6

1.3.40

| 43


3.10.4

14
1/41/41/4

N4

N3

P
N1 1
N1 N2
z N2 N3
y 1 1 1
P , , N4
x 4 4 4

1.3.41 4

P
4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1
x p Ni xi 1 x1 x2 x3 x4 x1 x2 x3 x4 1.3.57
i 1 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4
1
y p Ni yi y1 y2 y3 y4 1.3.58
i 1 4

26
6 Pi

1 1 1
N4 P1 , ,
6 6 3

1 2 1 1
N5 P4 3 P2 , ,
3 6 3
P5
P6 N6
1 2 1
z P3 , ,
6 3 3
1 1 1
P4 , ,
P1
x y
P2 N1 P3
1 6 6 3
3
2 1 1
N2 P5 , ,
3 6 3

1.3.42 6

44 |
 3

N1 (1 ) N2 ( 1 ) N3 ( 1 ) 1.3.59
2 2 2

N4 (1 ) N5 ( 1 ) N6 ( 1 )
2 2 2
P1

6
1
x p1 N i xi 12 4 3 x1 3 3 x2 3 3 x3
i 1 36 1.3.60

12 4 3 x 3 3 x 3 3 x
4 5
6

12 4 3 3 3 3 3 12 4 3 3 3 3 3 x
1
12 4 3 3 3 3 3 12 4 3 3 3 x2

1 12 4 3 3 3 3 3 12 4 3 x3
xp x 1.3.61
36
12 4 3 3 3 3 3 4

12 4 3 3 3 x5
x

symmetry 12 4 3 6

38
8 Pi

1 1 1
P1 , ,
N8 3 3 3
N7 1 1 1
1
P2 , ,
3 3 3
3
N5 P7 1 1 1
P8 P3 , ,
N6
3 3 3
P5
1 1 1
P6 P4 , ,
3 3 3
1
1 1 1
3 P5 , ,
P4 1 3 3 3
P3
z P1 N4 3 1 1 1
N3
P6 , ,
3 3 3
y
1 P2
1
1 1 1
N1
3

1 3 P7 , ,
x 3 3 3 3
1 1 1
N2 P8 , ,
3 3 3

1.3.43 8

| 45


1 1
N1 1 1 1 N2 1 1 1
8 8
1 1
N3 1 1 1 N 4 1 1 1
8 8
1.3.62
1 1
N5 1 1 1 N 6 1 1 1
8 8
1 1
N 7 1 1 1 N8 1 1 1
8 8

P1

8
1
x p1 Ni xi 9 5 3 x1 3 3 x2 3 3 x3 3 3 x4
i 1 36 1.3.63

3 3 x5 3 3 x6 9 5 3 x7 3 3 x8

95 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 5 3 3 3
x1
95 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 5 3 x
2
95 3 3 3 95 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 x3

1 95 3 3 3 95 3 3 3 3 3 x4
xp
36 95 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 x5

95 3 3 3 3 3 x6
x
95 3 3 3 7

x8
symmetry 9 5 3

1.3.64

3.10.5
4

46 |
 3

1

3
u

P1
P2
P3

1.3.44 6

1 1 1
2 1 , s 2 , t 2 , u 3 1.3.65
6 6 6

6
N Ni i 1.3.66
i 1

6
1
N 1 N i i 5 1 3 1 1 3 2 1 3 3
i 1 6 1.3.67
5 1 3 1 3 1 3
4 5 6

5 5 3 1 3 1 3 55 3 1 3 1 3
N 1 1
55 3 1 3 1 3 55 3 1 3 2
N 2

N 3
1 55 3 1 3 1 3 5 5 3 3

1.3.68

N4 6 55 3 1 3 1 3 4
N 5

55 3 1 3 5

N 6

5 5 3 6

| 47


1 1

1 1

t 1

t 1

1 1

s 1 s 1
1 1

1.3.45 8

s 3 , t 3 , u 3 1.3.69
1

8
1
N1 Ni i 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 1 3 1 3 1 3 2
i 1 8

1 3 1 3 1 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 4

1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
5 6
1.3.70
1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
7
8

10 6 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 2 3
1
8
1 2 3 4

2 2 3 2 2 3 10 6 3 2 2 3
5 6
7 8

5 3 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 53 3 1 3
N 1 1
53 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 5 3 3
N 2 2
N 3 53 3 1 3 53 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 3


N4 1 53 3 1 3 53 3 1 3 1 3 4
1.3.71
N 5 4 53 3 1 3 1 3 1 3 5
N 6
53 3 1 3 1 3 6
N 7
5 3 3 1 3 7

N8 8
5 3 3

3.10.6

48 |
 3

(Gauss Point)
(Extrapolation )

1.3.46 +

1.3.47 +

* +

1.3.46

| 49


xx : x
yy : y

zz : z
xz zx : x-z
xy yx : x-y

yz zy : y -z

1, 2, 3 : 1
23

, - I 1 - I 2 - I 3 = 0
3 2

I 1 = xx yy zz

xx xy xx xz yy yz
I2 =
xy yy xz zz yz zz

xx xy xz
I 3 xy yy yz
xz yz zz

max : = max
, ,
1 2 2 3 3 1

2 2 2

1
eff : von-Mises Stress ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1 2 2 3 3 1
2
1
oct : Octahedral Normal Stress ( 1 + 2 + 3 )
3
1
oct : Octahedral Shear Stress ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2
2
2 3
2
3 1
2

9
1.3.47

50 |
 3

1.3.48

| 51


(Local Mode)

(Preliminary Design Phase)











)



(Contour)

52 |
 4

(Logarithmic Configuration)
1/2
4 8
11 14
110
90
60
45 135
30 150

1/100

| 53


4.1

(Sagging)(Wind
Bracing)

(Contact Element)
(Pretension Loads)

(Singular Error)midas Civil


1.4.1
1.4.1a
1.4.1b 1.4.1c

a X-Z b Y-Z c Y-Z

X X X

1.4.1

54 |
 4

a b

1.4.2

1.4.2(a)
0 1.4.2(b)

1.4.3

1.4.3a
1.4.3b

| 55


midas Civil

1/100~1/1000 1/1000

P-Delta Pushover

4.2

(Tapered Member)
6




Timoshenko Beam Theory

1/5

(Torsional Resistance)(Polar Moment of Inertia)




(Panel Zone)




(Pin Connection)(Slot Hole)
(Beam End Release)

(Singular Error)

56 |
 4

a(Pin Connection) b(Slot Hole)

c(Pin Connection)

1.4.4 (Beam End Release)

(Rigid Beam)
5 8
10 ~10
1.4.4

()

| 57


(Pin Connection)
(Singular Error)
(Beam End Release)

4.3

1.4.5

1.4.5

midas Civil



Aspect Ratio
1
90

58 |
 4

4.4

(Dam)(Tunnel)




(Poisson Effect)

4.5

4.6

midas Civil
DKTDKQ(Discrete Kichhoff Element) DKMTDKMQ(Discrete Kirchhoff-
Mindlin Element) Euler-Bernoulli Beam
Timoshenko Beam

| 59


LST(Linear Strain Triangle)
(Isoparametric Plane Stress
Formulation with Incompatible Modes)
(In-plane Stiffness)
(Out-of-Plane-Stiffness)

1.4.6

4
10 23



2%
10

4.7

XYZ

60 |
 4

midas Civil

Aspect Ratio
1
90

4.8

2
x
xy
xyz
3

xy yx xz zx yz zy
, , 1.4.1
Ex Ey Ex Ez Ey Ez

1 xy
2 xy

| 61


>>>>


1.5.1

midas Civil
1
2
3

midas Civil

62 |
 5

5.1

Area dA A1 A2 A3
(300 15) (573 10) (320 12)
14070

1.5.1

5.2

y z

MIDAT/Civil
1.5.2

Asy y
Asz z

| 63


1.5.2

1. L 2.

5
Asy B t f 5
6 Asy (2 B t f )
6

5 Asz H t w
Asz H tw
6

3. I 4. T

5 5
Asy (2 B t f ) Asy (B t f )
6 6

Asz H t w Asz H t w

5. 6.

Asy 2 B t f Asy r t w

Asz 2 H t w Asz r t w

7. 8.

5
Asy BH
Asy 0.9 r 2 6

Asz 0.9 r 2 5
Asz BH
6

5.3

(1.5.1)
T
GI xx 1.5.1

64 |
 5

G
Ixx
T

(Polar Moment of Inertia)

(Open Section)(Close Section)

(1.5.2)

I xx ixx

16 b b4
ixx ab3 3.36 1 ab 1.5.2
3 a 12a 4

ixx
2a
2b

(Tube)(1.5.3)( 1.5.2)

4 A2
I xx 1.5.3
d s /t

A
ds
t

| 65


4 A2
: I xx
d s / ts
T
: T
2 Ats

ts

1.5.2

(Tube)
(1.5.1)(1.5.3)
< 1.5.3>< 1.5.6>
1.5.3 (Solid Section)

1. 2.

1
I xx r 2 I xx 2.25a 4
2

3.

16 b b4
I xx ab3 3.36 I
3 a 12a 4

(where, ab )

66 |
 5

1.5.4

1. 2.

2(b h) 2 1 D D
4 4

I xx I xx o i
b h 2 2 2

t f tw

1.5.5

1. L
I xx I1 I 2 D 4
1 b b4
I1 ab3 0.21 1
3 a 12a 4

3 1 d d 4
I 2 cd 0.105 1
3 c 192c 4
d r
0.07 0.076
b b
D 2 d b 3r 2 2r b 2r d

(where, b < 2(d + r))

I xx I1 I 2 D 4
2. T
1 b b4
I1 ab3 0.21 1
3 a 12a 4
1 d d 4
I 2 cd 3 0.105 1
3 c 192c 4
t r
0.15 0.10
t 1 b
d2
b r rd
2

D 4
2r b
IF b<d : t=b, t1=d
(where, d < 2(b + r))
IF b>d : t=d, t1=b
3.

Angle 1 (Angle)
(Angle)

Angle2
Angle 2

4. I- I xx 2 I1 I 2 2 D 4
1 b b4
I1 ab3 0.21 1
3 a 12a 4
Tee1 1
I 2 cd 3
3
t r
0.15 0.10
t1 b
d2
b r rd
2
Tee2
D 4
2r b
IF b<d : t=b, t1=d
(where, d < 2(b + r))
IF b>d : t=d, t1=b

| 67


1.5.6

1. L

I xx
1
3
h tw3 b t 3f

2.

I xx
1
3
h tw3 2 b t 3f

3. I

I xx
1
3
h tw3 2 b t 3f

4. T

I xx
1
3
h tw3 b t 3f

5.

I xx
1
3
3
h tw3 b1 t f 1 b2 t f 2
3

2 1

H (Double H-Section) 1.5.3(a)

()

68 |
 5

2(b1 h1 ) 2
IC
b1 h1 1.5.4

t f tw
()
1
I O 2 2b b1 tw tw3 1.5.5
3

I xx IC IO 1.5.6

H 2 (Flat Bar) 1.5.3(b)

H (Flat Bar)
()(1.5.7)

2(b1 h1 ) 2
I xx
b1 h1 1.5.7

t f tw

| 69


b2
1.5.3

5.4

I yy z 2 dA 1.5.8

I zz y 2 dA 1.5.9

b h Ai zi Qyi yi Qzi

10 4 40 2 80 5 200

2 10 20 9 180 5 100
8 3 24 15.5 372 5 120
- - 84 - 632 - 420

1.5.4

70 |
 5

Ai
zi z

yi y
Qyi y
QZi z

( Z , Y )

Z
zdA Qy

632
7.5238
Area Area 84

Z
ydA Qz

420
5.0000
Area Area 84

(Iyy, Izz )

Ai Z zi Iy1 Iy2 Iyy Y yi Iz1 Iz2 Izz

40 5.5328 1224.5 53.3 1277.8 0 0 333.3 333.3
20 1.4672 43.1 166.7 209.8 0 0 6.7 6.7
24 7.9762 1526.9 18.0 1544.9 0 0 128.0 128.0
2794.5 238.0 3032.5 0 468.0 468.0

bh3
I y1 Ai ( Z zi ) 2 I y2 I yy I y1 I y 2
12
hb3
I z1 Ai (Y yi )2 , Iz2 , I zz I z1 I z 2
12

5.5

Q y zdA 1.5.10

Qz ydA 1.5.11

y z

| 71


Vy Qz
y 1.5.12
I zz bz
Vz Q y
z 1.5.13
I yy by
:
Vy y
Vz z
Iyy y
Izz z
by z
bz y

5.6

V y Qz Vy Qz Vy Qz
y
I zz bz

I zz bz
I Qzb Qzb b 1.5.14
zz z

Vz Qy Vz Qy V Qy
z Qyb Q
z
yb
1.5.15
I yy by I yy by I yy by

Vz Qy Vz
z Qyb 1.5.16
I yy by I yy

tw

1.5.5

72 |
 5

Qy zdA ( B t f ) z 1.5.17

by t w 1.5.18

Qyb {( B t f ) z}/ tw 1.5.19

5.7

midas Civil -(SRC)

(Equivalent Sectional Properties)

0.8Ec Acon
Areaeq Ast 1 Acon Ast 1 0.8 1.5.20
Es REN

0.8Ec Ascon
Aseq Asst 1 Ascon Asst 1 0.8 1.5.21
Es REN

0.8Ec I con
I eq I st 1 I con I st 1 0.8 1.5.22
Es REN

Astl
Acon
Asstl
Ascon
Istl
Icon
REN (Es/Ec)

0.8
1.0

| 73


6.1

midas Civil

Constraint
(Spring support)
(Elastic Link)

Element end release
(Beam End Offset)
Rigid link

6.2

(Constraint)

(Singular Error)

1.6.1

1.6.1

74 |
 6

X-Z
>> Y
X Z
N1 XZ ()
Y
N3 Z
N5 X

1.6.2

b H

1.6.2

1.6.2(a)
X

| 75


1.6.2b H


Y

6.3

(Singular Error)





(Modulus of Subgrade Reaction)(Tributary Area)

midas Civil (Surface
Spring Supports)>>

76 |
 6

K=

1.6.3

1.6.1
EA/H E
A H

EI/H
I H

(Coupled)

1.6.1
(KN/m3)
12000 ~ 24000
24000 ~ 48000
48000~ 112000
4800 ~ 16000
9600 ~ 80000
24000 ~ 48000
48000 ~ 96000
32000 ~ 80000
64000 ~ 130000
80000~ 190000
80000~ 190000

| 77


(Singular Error)
0.00010.001
midas Civil

6.4

(Winkler) midas Civil >
>

1
2

Winkler

L
x
1 2
kv v
q1
q2

1.6.4

U [ ]T [ ]dV [ v]kv [v]dV 1.6.1

78 |
 6

V
v
kv ()

[ q] [ f ] kv [ f ][q]dV [ q]T [ P]
T T
1.6.2

kv [ f ]T [ f ]dV [q] [ P] 1.6.3

[ Kr ] [q] [ P] 1.6.4

[ K r ] kv [ f ]T [ f ]dV 1.6.5

P
f
q
Kr

L Winkler

156 22 L 54 13L
2
13L 3L2
kv L 22 L 4 L
[Kr ] 1.6.6
420 54 13L 156 22 L

13L 3L 22 L 4 L2
2

x q

1 2 x 3Lx L q1 Lx 2 L x L x 1
3 2 3 3 2 2 3

v y ( x) 3 1.6.7
L 2 x3 3Lx 2 q2 ( Lx3 L2 x 2 ) 2

Winkler
Winkler

| 79


x
V ( x) kv y ( x) dx
0

1 4 3 L 4 2 L2 3 L3 2
x Lx 3
L x 1 x
q x x 1
kv 2 1.6.8
4 3 2
3
L
x 4 Lx3 q2 x 4 x3 2
L 1 L2

2 4 3

x x x
M ( x) kv y ( x)( x x) dx kv x y ( x ) dx kv y ( x ) x dx
0 0 0

1 5 3 2 L 5 2 L2 4 L3 3
x Lx 4
L x 1 x
q x x 1
kv 2 4 3 2
3
L 1 5 L L2
x Lx 4 q2 x 5 x 4 2
2 4 3 1.6.9
2 5 3 L 4 L 2 3
L 2L 4 L 3 2 3

x x x q1 x5 x x 1
kv 5 4 2 5 4 3
3
L L L2
x5
2 3L 4
x q2 x5 x 4 2
5 4 5 4

6.5

(Radian)
1.6.5
x

80 |
 6

1.6.5

6.6

kx
Lyi Lyj
Lyi c yi L Lzi czi L
ky
Lyj c yj L Lzj czj L Lzi Lzj
c yi c yj czi czj 1.0

joint i kz joint j

k x

z
y
k y
x
local coordinate axis
k z

1.6.6

/
1.6.6

| 81


>>


6






()()

1
2

3

4

Mu Cu Ceff u KS u p 1.6.10

M
C
Ceff
Ks
u
u u
p

5

1.6.2

82 |
 6

1.6.2



+


- - -
1) 1) 1)

1) 1) 1)

2) 2) 2)

1) 1) 1)
()
2) 2) 2)
()

1)
2)
3)

()()

2
Ceff K 1.6.11

Ceff
K

F KSu

| 83


F Ceff u K S u

1.6.7

1.6.3



- F KSu F KSu

F KSu F KSu

F KSu

F KSu F KSu
()
F Ceff u KS u

F KSu

F Ceff u KS u

F KSu
() F KSu

F Ceff u KS u

1.6.7 1.6.3

>

84 |
 6

y L
y
Momenty Lzj
(-) Lzi Momenty
(+)
Sheary Sheary
(-) i j (+)
Axial
(-) x Axial
(+) x
Momentz Shearz Momentx Momentz Shearz Momentx
(-) (-) (-) (+) (+) (+)
z Lyi Lyj z
location of shear spring location of shear spring
in direction 3 in direction 2

Lyi L ij y
yj

Lzi Lzj ij z

1.6.8

2
1.6.9

z zj zi
y
Lyj zj zj
k z
ky v
Lyi zi zi
vj

vi
j
x
i
Lyi Lyj
z
Ly

q yi qy q yj
Shear force
diagram V
mz mzj
mzi
Bending moment
diagram M

| 85


v v j Lyj zj vi Lyi zi
v j vi Lyj zj Lyi zi

qy k yv

k y v j vi Lyj zj Lyi zi
q yj q yi

mz k z z
mz j m z i
k z ( zj zi ) q yi
L
mzj Lyj qzj mzj mzi
q yj
(mzi Lyi qzi ) L

mzi mz L yi q yi
mzj mz L yj q yj

1.6.9

6.7

1.6.10 ()

86 |
 6

4 Fx, My 34 Fx, My
4 My 34 My

b c

1.6.10

6.8

()

midas Civil
1.6.11
1(Panel Zone)
2(Panel Zone)
midas Civil ()(Panel Zone)

6.8.1

L1 L ( Ri R j ) 1.6.12
L Ri Rj (Rigid End Offset Length)
L1 (Rigid Zone
Deformation)
midas Civil (Offset Factor)

L1 L Z F ( Ri R j ) 1.6.13
ZF

| 87


01


() L

b c

1.6.11 ()

midas Civil >>

Z XY



(ZF (Ri +Rj))

88 |
 6

(
)
1.0
0.0

(L1 = L - ZF (Ri +Rj))
( 1.6.12)

(Rigid End
Offset Length)
( L1 = L - (Ri +Rj))
( 1.66)

( L1 = L - (Ri +Rj))
(L1 = L - ZF (Ri +Rj))

1.0

(Beam End Release Condition)

( 1.6.12)

1.6.15
y z
1.6.16
RCy=BDcos2 RCz=BDsin2

| 89


RCy y ()
RCz z ()
BD
z

( Z )

b

1.00 L 1.00 ( A B)
0.75 L 0.75 ( A B)
0.50 L 0.50 ( A B)
0.25 L 0.25 ( A B)
0.00 L 0.00 ( A B)
c ( B=0)

1.6.12 /

90 |
 6

Li = 1.0 Ri () Li=ZF Ri ()

Lj = 1.0 Rj () Lj=ZF Rj ()

Ri : i Rj : j

ZF : Offset Factor

V1, V2 :

M1, M2 :

V3, V4 :

1.6.13

| 91


LR = 1.0 R LR = ZF R
R
V1V2 :
M1M2:
V3

1.6.14

y
2

Z 1

1
y
z

1.6.15

92 |
 6

1 : BD 250 0 RC z 250 sin 2 0 0.0 RC y cos 2 0 250.0

2 : BD 200 40 RC z 200 sin 2 40 82.6 RC y 200 cos 2 0 117.4
3 : BD 150 90 RC z 150 sin 2 90 150 RC y 150 cos 2 90 0.0

RC y MAX(250.0,117.4, 0.0) 250.0 RC z MAX(0.0,82.6,150.0) 150.0

BD
RCz
RCy

1.6.16

-( 1.6.17)
Depth cos2 Width sin 2
RB (1.6.14)
2 2

Depth z
Width y
z

| 93


2
2

Z
3
1

1
x

1.6.17

z

i
j

= 150, =100, = 40

150 cos 2 0 100 sin 2 0

i = 75.0
2 2

150 cos 2 40 100 sin 2 40

j = 64.7
2 2
1.6.18

6.8.2


1 XYZ
2 x

94 |
 6

( 1.6.11(b)(c))

1.0

6.9

(>>)


1
2
3
4

U Xs U Xm RYm Z RZm Y
U Ys U Ym RZm X RXm Z (1.6.15)
RZs RZm RXm Y RYm X

RXs RXm
RYs RYm (1.6.16)
RZs RZm
, X = Xm - Xs, Y = Ym - Ys, Z = Zm - Zs
ms UxUyUz
XYZ RxRyRz XYZ
XmYmZm XsYsZs

| 95


X-Y Y-Z Z-X

X-Y
U Xs U Xm RZm Y
U Ys U Ym RZm X (1.6.17)
RZs RZm

Y-Z
U Ys U Ym RXm Z
U Zs U Zm RXm Y (1.6.18)
RXs RXm

Z-X
U Zs U Zm RYm X
U Xs U Xm RYm Z (1.6.19)
RYs RYm

XYZ

U Xs U Xm (1.6.20)

UYs UYm (1.6.21)

U Zs U Zm (1.6.22)

XYZ

96 |
 6

RXs RXm (1.6.23)

RYs RYm (1.6.24)

RZs RZm (1.6.25)

(
)(Rigid Diaphragm
Action)

1 2

1 2

1.6.19

1.6.19
1 2

| 97


1 2 3 4 5

1.6.20

1.6.20 (123
4)
1.6.21 24 (
6 ) 15

Ux Uy Uz Rx Ry Rz Ux Uy Uz Rx Ry Rz

Ux Uy Uz Rx Ry Rz Ux Uy Uz Rx Ry Rz

Uz Rx Ry Uz Rx Ry

UxUyRz

Uz Rx Ry
Uz Rx Ry

98 |
 6

UX : X RX : X

UY : Y RY : Y

UZ : Z RZ : Z

1.6.21

UXm : X UYm : Y
RZm : Z UXs : X
UYs : Y RZs : Z

1.6.22

U Xs U Xm RZm Y
U Ys U Ym RZm X (1.6.26)
RZs RZm

1.6.23

| 99


1.6.23a


1.6.23b


1.6.23b 6
()

: (12 )

*
6

* X-Z
(XZ)
Y

1.6.23

100 |
 6

6.10

(Specified Displacement)

1
2
3
4

midas Civil

:
:

| 101


()

1.6.24

1.6.24

1
( 1.6.24a)
2 4 24 ( 6 )(
1.6.24a)

6
( 24 )

3

102 |
 Part2 midas Civil

Part 2 midas Civil

| 103


104 |
 1

midas Civil

-
- P-Delta









-
-


-
-
-
-

| 105


2.1

midas Civil

K U P 2.2.1

[K]
{U}
{P}

2.2

K+K U P
n,s

U U

K
Kn,s

106 |
 2

UU
P -

| 107


3.1

midas Civil



midas Civil

K n n 2 M n 2.3.1

[K]
[M]
2
n n
{n } n

1 () 2 n 3.1.1
()


()

mu cu ku p(t ) 2.3.2

mu ku 0 2.3.3

u u A cos t ( A )

108 |
 3

(m 2 k ) A cos t 0 2.3.4

k k T 1
2 , , f , 2.3.5
m m 2 f

2
(rotational natural frequency)f
(natural frequency)T (natural period)

2.3.1 (T1=1.787T2=0.285T3=0.102)

mT M1X mT M1Y mT M1Z

mX , , 2.3.6
mT Mm mT Mm mT Mm
mY mZ

mT M1RX T M1RY T M1RZ

mRX , mRY mT , mRZ mT 2.3.7
m Mm
T
m Mm m Mm

mX mY mZ XYZm
mRX mRY mRZ XYZm
1X 1Y 1Z XYZ
1RX 1RY 1RZ XYZ
m m

| 109


90%

2 2 2
mT M1 X mT M1Y mT M1Z
M *
, M mY
*
, M mZ
* 2.3.8
m T M m m T M m m T Mm
mX

2 2 2
mT M1RX mT M1RY mT M1RZ
M *
, M mRY
*
, M mRZ
* 2.3.9
mT Mm mT Mm mT Mm
mRX

*
M mX M mY
*
*
M mZ m XYZ
*
M mRX M mRY
*
M mRZ
*
m XYZ

(translational masses)(rotational mass moment of
inertia) 2.3.1

dm 2.3.10

r dm
2
2.3.11

r
midas Civil
1>

2>>
3>>

110 |
 3

2.3.1

bd 3 db 3
Im
M bd 12 12

M
12
b 2
d2

M Im Ix I y

d2 d4
M Im
4 32

M dA Im Ix I y

L L3
Im L
M L L 12

m I0
M=m I m I o mr 2

| 111


3.2

Rayleigh-Ritz
p n
p n
Mu( t )+Cu( t )+ Ku( t )= p( t ) 2.3.12

p
u( t ) i zi ( t ) z( t ) 2.3.13
i 1

M
C
K
u(t) n
z(t) (Generalized coordinate)
p(t)
i i
zi(t) i
T
= 1 i p

n p
Mz (t ) +Cz (t ) + Kz (t ) = p(t ) 2.3.14

M T M
C T C
K T K
p(t ) T p(t )

Ki i2 Mi 2.3.15

i
i

112 |
 3

T pi (t )
qi (t ) + 2ii qi (t ) + q(t ) = T
i
2
2.3.16
M
p
z (t ) i qi (t ) 2.3.17
i 1

qi(t) i
i i

i i 2.3.18

i i

u(t )
qi (t )

p
u(t ) z(t ) i qi (t ) 2.3.19
i 1

i i 2.3.20

i i

(2.3.16)

| 113


1

2

K (1) = r (1) 2.3.21

(1) = K 1r (1) 2.3.22

K
(1)

(1)
r
3

K (2) = M (1) 2.3.23

(2) = K 1M (1) 2.3.24

M
(2)

4
3


(linearly dependent)
(linearly independent)

midas Civil XY Z

(nonlinear link force vector)
XY Z

114 |
 3

2
3
90%

3.3

E k N s X k
1 2 .. Ns

1 E1 N s X1 Y0
2 k
KYk MXk
(projection)
(projection) Mk 1 YkT MYk

Kk 1Qk 1 Mk 1Qk 1k 1

Q k 1 1* 2* ... N* s 2.3.25

1*

*

k 1
2
2.3.26

N s
*

Xk 1 Xk 1 Yk Qk 1

n X k
*

m* m , Xk 1 2 ... Ns 2.3.27

| 115


m( k 1) m( k )
2.3.28
m( k 1)
Ns Ns_0 Nf

N s max{N s _ 0 , min(2 N f , N f 8)} 2.3.29

3.4

Krylov span(V1, V2 ,..., Vk ) Tk

m
m 1/ m

1 V1
2 k
Uk MVk

(K M)Wk Uk

Wk* Wk Vk 1BTk 1

Ck Ck Vk MWk*

Wk** Wk* Vk Ck

Wk** Vk 1B k

Tk

C1 B1T

B1 C2
Tk 2.3.30

Ck 1 BTk 1
BTk 1 Ck

Tk m m m m 1/ m m m Vk
* * * * * * *

N b Tk N b m m
*

m *
m

116 |
 3

m* V1 V2 V3 ... Vk m* 2.3.31

Km* m* Mm*
2.3.32
K
. 2.22 1016

3.5

3.5.1

2.3.2

2.3.2

3.5.2
f1f2
- (2 f1 )2
2.3.3 f1f2
N f f1f2
f1 = f2 f1 N f
f1 < f2 [ f1, f 2 ] f1 N f

| 117


f1 > f2 [ f1, f 2 ] f2 N f

f1 f2
4 1 2 3
f
f1 f2
1 2 3 4
f

f2 f1
4 3 2 1
f

2.3.3

3.5.2.1 Sturm Sequence

(K M)Wk Uk 2.3.33

LDLT D
n N f
N f N f

N f N f N f 1 2.3.34

Sturm Vk Nb 7
Sturm LDLT
Sturm N b 1

3.5.2.2
K 0
0 -
K M
1 1 1

118 |
 3

3.5.3

midas X k N s N I
N s D N s

N s max{N s , min(2 N f , N f 8)} 2.3.35

N I 30 1.0 106

| 119


4.1

(Voigt Maxwell )


- ()
-
-
-
(Classical Damping)




midas Civil


()

()
(Strain Energy Proportional)

120 |
 4

()

()

()
()

i C

4.2

Caughey C
N 1
C M a j M 1 K
j
2.4.1
j 0

jN : ()
2.4.1 M 1 K

M y K y 0 2.4.2

y u eiax 2.4.3

(2.4.2)

M K u 0
2
2.4.4

2.4.4 M 1K 2 2 s
2

M 1 K 2.4.1 us us
T

| 121


N 1 N 1
us C us Cs a j s2 j us M us a j s2 j M s
T T
2.4.5
j 0 j 0

Cs 2s s M s 2.4.6

2.4.52.4.6 N s

Cs 1
s
2s M s 2s
a j s2 j
2.4.7
1 a
0 a1 s a2 s3 aN 1 s2 N 3 , s 1 N
2 s

a0
s , C a0 M 2ss M 2.4.8
2s

a1 s 2 s
s , C a1 K K 2.4.9
2 s

s s

Mass Proportional Stiffness Proportional

C a0 M C a1 K
a a
s 0 s 1 s
2 s 2

1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Natural frequencies s Natural frequencies s

a b

122 |
 4

2.4.1

4.3

i j
ij

C a0 M a1K 2.4.10

1 a
s 0 a1 s 2.4.11
2 s

2 i j i j j i
a0 2.4.12

2
j i
2

2

j j i i
a1 2.4.13

2
j i
2

s Mass Proportional s Rayleigh Damping

C a0 M C a0 M a1 K
a C a1 K a a
s 0 s 0 1 s
2 s a1 s 2 s 2
s
2
Stiffness Proportional

1 2 3 4 i j
Natural frequencies s Natural frequencies s

a b

2.4.2

a0 a1
1.
a0 a1
2.

| 123


()
2.4.122.4.13 a0 a1
fi 1.0Hz , f j 1.25Hz i 0.05 , j 0.05
a0 a1
1
2 2
1 6.28, 2 7.85 2.4.14
1.0 0.8
22.4.122.4.13 a0 a1 ()
2 6.28 7.85 0.05 7.85-0.05 6.28
a0 0.349 2.4.15
7.852 -6.282
2 0.05 7.85-0.05 6.28
a1 =0.007 2.4.16
7.852 -6.282
3midas Civil a0 a1

4.3.1

a0 a1
midas Civil a0 a1 a0 a1

a0 0.35 a1 0.005 1 4.59215 2 9.81814
3 14.57793

1. ()

1 a
s 0 a1 s 2.4.17
2 s
1 1
1 0.35 0.005 4.59215 0.04959 2.4.18
2 4.59215

124 |
 4

1 1
2 0.35 0.005 9.81814 0.04237 2.4.19
2 9.81814
1 1
3 0.35 0.005 14.57793 0.04845 2.4.20
2 14.57793
2. ()

s >1 s 0.9999 s <0 s 0.0

4.3.2
a0 a1 C a0 M a1K

C a0 M a1K midas Civil

4.4

4.4.1

midas Civil ()

midas Civil

(harmonic motion)(dissipated energy)

(strain energy)

ED
2.4.21
4 ES

| 125


ED ES

F FD FS u
K
S
FS

ED 2 h KA2
: Dissipated Energy

u
A

1
ES KA2 : Strain Energy
2
FD Cu

2.4.3

ui ,n i ,n sin i t i 2.4.22

ui ,n ii ,n cos i t i 2.4.23

ui,n i n
ui , n i n
i,n i n
i i
i i (phase angle)

2hn
Cn Kn 2.4.24
i

Cn n
Kn n
hn n

126 |
 4

ED i, n uiT,nCnui ,n 2 hniT,n K ni ,n 2.4.25

1 T 1
ES i, n ui ,n Knui ,n iT,n Kni ,n 2.4.26
2 2

ED (i, n) i n
ES (i, n) i n

i i

N N

ED i , n h T
n n ,i K nn,i
i n 1
N
n 1
N 2.4.27
4 ES i, n T
n ,i K nn,i
n 1 n 1

4.4.2
1.
a. (>>)
b. (>>)
c. (>
>)
0.05
0.05

- (2.4.24)
-
- (2.4.25)

- (2.4.27)
-
-
-(CQC SRSS)
2.
a. (>>)

| 127


b. (>>)
c. (>
>)
1
()


2


-(2.4.24)
-
-(2.4.25)

-(2.4.27)

( 2.4.4)

(a) (b)

2.4.4

4.5

128 |
 4

midas Civil

4.6

1(>>)
2(>>)
3
(>>)

4.7

C M 2ii T M
2.4.28

C
M
i i

4.8

| 129


midas Civil

(Damping)(Effective
Damping)

2eff
Ceff Keff 2.4.29
eff

Ceff
Keff
eff
eff

h K nn,i 0.5inT,iCeff n,i

N N

E i, n
D
T
n n ,i
i n 1
N
n 1
N 2.4.30
4 ES i, n T
n ,i K nn,i
n 1 n 1

130 |
 5

M [ u(t ) rug (t )] Cu(t ) K u(t ) 0 2.5.1
M u(t ) Cu(t ) K u(t ) M ru g (t ) 2.5.2

M
C
K
r
ug (t )
u (t )
u (t )
u (t )

( ) y (t ) u(t )
u(t ) y(t ) 2.5.3
2.5.3(2.5.2) T

T M y (t ) T Cy (t ) T K y (t ) T Mr u g (t ) 2.5.4

i M or C or K j 0 (i j ) 2.5.5

( T M 1 ) m mT Cm m mT Km
2.5.4

1 211 12


1 y (t ) 2 mm y (t ) m2


1
2 nn 2
n

y (t ) T M ru g (t ) 2.5.6

| 131


2.5.6 m

ym (t ) 2mm ym (t ) m2 ym (t ) m ug (t )
2.5.7
m mT Mr

2.5.7 m
2.5.7 n
2.5.8

u(t ) y(t ), u(t ) y(t ), u(t ) y(t ) 2.5.8

2.5.6()
m

S am Sam
S dm , Svm
2
m m
2.5.9

ym m S dm , ym m Svm , ym m S am

um mm Sdm , um mm Svm , um mm Sam 2.5.10

Sdm m
Svm m
Sam m

SRSS CQC ABS (ABsolute Sum)

1. SRSS(square root of the sum of the squares)

12
Rmax R12 R22 Rn 2 2.5.11

2. CQC(complete quadratic combination)

132 |
 5

12
N N
Rmax Ri ij R j 2.5.12
i 1 j 1

8 i j (i rijm )rij 3 2
ij 2.5.13
(1 rij 2 )2 4i j rij (1 rij 2 ) 4(i2 j2 )rij 2

8 2 (1 rij )rij 3 2
ij (i j ) 2.5.14
(1 rij 2 )2 4 2 rij (1 rij )2

i
rij j i 2.5.15
j

0 ij 1 ij 1 (i j ) 2.5.16

Rmax
Ri i
rij i j
ij ij
ij ij
ij ij (correlation coefficient)

i j ( i , j ) ij = 1 0 CQC SRSS

3. ABS (ABsolute Sum)

Rmax R1 R2 Rn 2.5.17

ABS SRSS

0.05 SRSS CQC

1 0.46 , 2 0.52 , 3 1.42

Dij ( j i )

| 133


0.036 0.012 0.019

Dij 0.012 0.044 0.005
0.049 0.002 0.017
SRSS

Rmax R12 R22 R32 0.042 0.046 0.052

12

CQC

12 21 0.3985

13 31 0.0061

23 32 0.0080

0.046 0.041 0.053

12
Rmax R12 R2 2 R32 2 12 R1R2 2 13 R1R3 2 23 R2 R3

SRSS CQC
CQC SRSS

S7 S6
Sx (Tx T 6) S 6
T7 T6

()

2.5.1 ()

134 |
 6

Mu(t ) Cu(t ) Ku(t ) F(t ) 2.6.1

M
C
K
F(t)
u (t )
u (t )
u (t )

F(t ) 0 C 0 F(t )
()
midas Civil

6.1

2.6.1

n
u(t ) Y(t ) iYi (t) 2.6.2
i j

2.6.22.6.1

2.6.3
MY(t ) CY(t ) KY(t ) F(t )

| 135


2.6.3 m ( m )
T

mT MY(t ) mT CY(t ) mT KY(t ) mT F(t ) 2.6.4

iT M j mij ij 2.6.5

iT K j kij ij 2.6.6

ij (Kronecker delta), i j ; ij 1 , i j ; ij 0

2.6.3
n

mT MY(t ) mT CY(t ) mT KY(t ) mT F(t ) (m 1,2,.....,n) 2.6.7

m (general coordinate)
2.6.7

mT F(t )
Ym ( t ) 2 mmYm ( t ) m2 Ym ( t ) 2.6.8
mT Mm

mT Cm
2 mmYm ( t ) 2.6.9
mT Mm

mT Km
Y (t ) T
2
2.6.10
m Mm
m m

m m
m m
qm (t ) m
qm (t ) m
qm (t ) m

q (0) qm (0) 1 t
qm (t ) e mmt qm (0) cos Dmt m m m
Dm
sin Dmt
m
m Dm
0
Pm ( )e mm (t ) sin Dm (t ) d

136 |
 6

2.6.11

Dm m 1 m2 2.6.12

2.6.2

1()
2
1/10
Tp
t Tp
10
3
()

6.2

midas Civil Newmark
t t t t
u u [(1 ) u u ]t
t t
2.6.13

t t 1 t t
u u ut [( ) u
t t t 2
u ]t 2.6.14
2
t t t t
2.6.14 u 2.6.13 u 2.6.15

t t
u f t t t
u , u , u , u
t t

2.6.15
u f u
t t t t t t t
u , u , u ,

2.6.152.6.16
2.6.18(
2.6.21)((2.6.24))
t t t t t t t t
[M ] u [C ] u [K ] u p 2.6.16

[K ] a 0
[M ] a1 [C ]
t t
u
t t
p [M ](a0 u a2 u a3 u ) [C ](a1 u a4 u a5 u )
t t t t t t
2.6.17

| 137


[K ]
t t t t
u p 2.6.18

[K ] [K ] a0 [M ] a1 [C ] 2.6.19

t t t t
p p [M ](a0 u a2 u a3 u ) [C ](a1 u a4 u a5 u )
t t t t t t
2.6.20

t t t t t t t t
u a0 ( u u ) a 2 u a3 u u u a6 u a7
t t t t t
u 2.6.21

1 1 1
a0 a1 a2 a3 1 2.6.22
t t t 2
2

a4


1 a5
t
2



2 a6 t (1 ) a7 t 2.6.23

Newmark (= 0.5= 0.25 )
t

[C] a[K ] b[M ] 2.6.24

ab

1()
2
1/10
Tp
t Tp
10
3
()
4
5

138 |
 6

6.3

()

midas Civil ()

2.6.25

M ss M sg ust (t ) Css Csg ust (t ) K ss K sg ust (t ) 0

M 2.6.25
gs M gg ugt (t ) Cgs Cgg ugt (t ) K gs K gg ugt (t ) Pg (t )

s g u
s
us (t ) us (t ) 2.6.26

ust (t ) uss (t ) us (t )
t 2.6.26
ug (t ) ug (t ) 0
u g (t ) uss (t ) (quasi-static displacement)
s
2.6.27 Pg (t ) u g (t ) (quasi-static
support force)

K ss K sg uss (t ) 0
K K s 2.6.27
gs gg u g (t ) Pg (t )
2.6.252.6.262.6.28

M ss uss (t ) us (t ) M sg u g (t ) Css uss (t ) us (t ) Csg u g (t )

2.6.28
K ss uss (t ) us (t ) K sg u g (t ) 0

M ss us (t ) Css us (t ) K ss us (t ) Peff (t )
Peff (t ) M ss uss (t ) M sg u g (t ) Css uss (t ) 2.6.29
Csg ug (t ) K u (t ) K sg u g (t )
s
ss s

2.6.272.6.30

| 139


K ss uss (t ) K sg u g (t ) 0
uss (t ) I f u g (t ) 2.6.30
I f K ss 1 K sg

If 2.6.30
2.6.29

Peff (t ) M ss I f M sg ug (t ) Css I f Csg ug (t ) 2.6.31

2.6.32

C ss I f Csg ug (t ) K ss I f K sg ug (t ) 0 2.6.32

Peff (t ) M ss I f M sg ug (t ) 2.6.33

2.6.292.6.34

M ss us (t ) Css us (t ) K ss us (t ) Peff (t )
2.6.34
Peff (t ) M ss I f u g (t )

Mu (t ) Cu (t ) Ku (t ) Peff (t )
2.6.35
Peff (t ) M 1 u g (t )

ust (t ) uss (t ) us (t )
t s
us (t ) us (t ) us (t ) 2.6.36
u t (t ) u s (t ) u (t )
s s s

140 |
 7

midas Civil (linear buckling analysis)

(critical load factor)(buckling
mode shape)

[ K ]{U} [ KG ]{U} {P} 2.7.1

[K]
[KG]
{U}
{P}

[ K G ] [ kG ] 2.7.2

kG

F

1.

0

0 1 symm.
L
1
0 0
kG 0 0 L
0 0


2.7.3

0 1 0 0
1
L L
1 1
0 0 0 0
L L

| 141


2.

[kG ] [kG1 ] [kG 2 ] 2.7.4

[ k G1 ]
[ k G 2 ]

0
6
0
5L
6
0 0 symm.
5L
0 0 0 0

0 0
1
0
2L
10 15

1 2L
0 0 0 0
10 15
k G 2.7.5
0 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 1 6
0 0 0 0 0
5L 10 5L
6 1 6
0 0 0 0 0 0
5L 10 5L

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 L 1 2L
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 30 10 15
1 L 1 2L
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10 30 10 15

[kG 2 ] [G]T [ S ][G]dL 2.7.6

L

[G]
[S]

3.

s 0 0
[kG ] [G ] 0 s 0 [G ]dV
T
2.7.7
v
0 0 s

[G]
[S]=xy yy yz

142 |
 7

[ KG ] [ KG ] 2.7.8

[KG]

[ K KG ]{u} { p} 2.7.9

[ Keq ] [ K KG ] 2.7.10

[ K eq ] 0 ( cr ) :
[ K eq ] 0 ( cr ) :
[ K eq ] 0 ( cr ) :
2.7.11

K I [ K G ] 0 2.7.11

i ()

()

2
()Pushover
3

| 143


8.1

-




1-
- 2.8.1

2.8.1 -

2-

P-
delta ( 2.8.2)
V
V

a() bP-delta ()
2.8.2

144 |
 8

3-

8.2

ij
1
ij (ui , j u j .i ) 2.8.1
2
u ui , ju j ,i 2.8.3

F Deformation TensorR Rotation

TensorU Stretch Tensor U

F RU f U 2.8.2

-

e3t

Z e2t
0
e
3

e20

e1t

e3 e10

e2
e1

Y
X

2.8.3

(Co-rotational)
-

Bu -

u u

f e1 , e2 , e3 , e1 , e2 , e3 u
u Tu p int

B dV
T
p 0 2.8.3
dv

| 145


p int ( K K ) u 2.8.4

K (Initial Stress Stiffness Matrix)

pext pint 0

( K K )u p ext 2.8.5

-(Newton-Raphson)(Arc-length)
-(Snap-through)(Snap-back)

8.2.1 -

- 2.8.4

Rm

KT (um 1 )

Rm 1 KT (um )

um 1 um

um um um1
2.8.4 -

( K K )u p , KT u p 2.8.6

KT K K , K f (u) 2.8.7

KT (um1 )(um1 um ) Rm 2.8.8

y( xn h) y( xn ) y( xn )h

146 |
 8

dR
KT (um1 )(um1 um ) KT (um1 )um1 um 2.8.9
dum1

dR
KT (um1 ) Rm Fm1 R R 2.8.10
dum1

KT (um1 )um Rm Rm1 R R R R 2.8.11

2.8.4 um um=um-1+um
KT(um) Rm+1-Rm um+1

8.2.2
--
2.8.5 (Snap-through)(Snap-back)

( 2.8.5(c))
Rm1 i f i

KT (ui 1 ) ui Ri R 2.8.12

ui KT (ui 1 )1 ( fint (um1 ) fint (ui )) 2.8.13

ui I KT (ui 1 )1 ( fint (um1 ) fint (ui )), ui II KT (ui 1 ) 1 f 2.8.14

ui uiI i uiII 2.8.15

i (Spherical Path)

uiT ui l 2 2.8.16

l ui ui 1 ui i

| 147


a(Snap-through) b(Snap-back)

2.8.5

a1 2 a2 a3 0 2.8.17

a2 a22 4a1a3
i 2.8.18
2a1

a1 ( uiII )T uiII
a2 2( uiI )T uiII 2(ui 1 )T uiII 2.8.19
a3 2(ui 1 )T uiI ( uiI )T uiI (ui 1 )T ui 1 l 2

ui-1 ui
T

cos 2.8.20
ui -1 ui

148 |
 8

i - a3 a2

8.3 P-Delta

P-Delta
(Geometric Nonlinearity)

P-Delta P-Delta 2.8.6

(Critical Buckling Load)

NO

YES

2.8.6 P-Delta

2.8.7a P-Delta
M 0 M VL
P P
| 149


P-Delta

My = Vy - Px

P-Delta
P-Delta

My = Vy - Px P-Delta

P-Delta

2.8.7 (P-Delta)

V / K, K KO KG 2.8.21

K o K G

P-Delta P-Delta
()

P-Delta

K u KG u P 2.8.22

150 |
 8

[K]
[KG]
{P}
{U}

P-Delta
1 P-Delta

2P-Delta
3P-Delta

8.4

8.4.1
//

K K N U P 2.8.23

K
KN

8.4.2

2.8.24
2.8.25

KN f (D d ) 2.8.24

| 151


D
d

1 EA
K eff
1/ K sag 1/ K elastic 2 L2 EA 2.8.25
L(1 3
)
12T

12T 3 EA
K sag , K 2.8.26
2 L3 elastic
L


L
T

1
2
3
4

1

2
3
4 2 3

8.5

8.5.1


()()midas
(
)()
()()

152 |
 8

midas (
)

()
(
)

()-()

+()

8.5.2

p p

fN fL

fN fL

fN : Nonlinear spring & force

fL : Effective Stiffness & force

2.8.8

| 153


-(Runge-Kutta Method)

+

8.5.3
1.

Mu(t ) Cu(t ) KS K N u(t ) BP p(t ) BN f L (t ) - f N (t ) 2.8.27

M
C
Ks
KN
BPBN
u (t ) u (t )

u (t )
p(t)
fL(t)
fN(t)

f L (t ) K N
f N (t ) K N

K S

K N

()

154 |
 8

iT BP p (t ) iT BN f L (t ) iT BN f N (t )
qi (t ) + 2 ii qi (t ) i2 q (t ) 2.8.28
iT M i iT M i iT M i

i i
i i
i i
qi (t ) qi (t ) i

qi (t )
f N (t ) f L (t )

f N (t ) f L (t )

f N (t ) f L (t )
f N (t ) f L (t )

q ( j 1) ( nt ) qi( j ) ( nt )
q max i 2.8.29
i
qi( j 1) ( nt )

q ( j 1) ( nt ) qi( j ) ( nt )
q max i 2.8.30
i
qi( j 1) ( nt )

f ( j 1) ( nt ) f M( j,i) (nt )
f max M ,i 2.8.31
M
i
f M( j,i1) ( nt )

iT BN f N( j ) ( nt )
f M( j,i) (nt ) 2.8.32
iT M i

| 155


n
j
i

t

2.

3.





1>>
2


3>>

0.99
4>>

>>

156 |
 8

2.8.9

8.5.4
Newmark-

Mu(t ) Cu(t ) K N u(t ) p(t ) f L (t ) - f N (t ) 2.8.33

M
C
KN
u (t ) u (t ) u (t )
p(t)
fL(t)
fN(t)

Newmark- u

K Eff u pEff 2.8.34

| 157


1 1
K Eff M C KN 2.8.35
t t
2

pEff p(t ) Mu (t ) Cu (t ) f L (t ) - f N (t ) 2.8.36

KEff
pEff
u
Newmark-
p(t)
fL(t)
fN(t)

8.5.5


k b k k y k b

2.8.10

158 |
 8

8.5.6
(Viscoelastic Damper)
(Gap)(Hook)(Hysteretic System)(Lead Rubber Bearing
Isolator)(Friction Pendulum System Isolator)

8.5.7

2.8.11(a)
2.8.11(b)
(Dashpot)
2.8.11(c)(d)

kd
cd
f f
f f
deformation

deformation

Time Time
Loading Unloading Loading Unloading

a b

kd

f f
kd cd
+ = f f
cd
f f
deformation

Time
deformation

Loading Unloading

+ =
deformation

Time
Loading Unloading

Time
Loading Unloading

| 159


c(Maxwell Model)

2.8.11

midas (Viscoelastic Damper)

Maxwell ()
Kelvin ()Midas Maxwell ModelKelvin Model
Damper Brace Assembly Model( Kelvin Model )
Damper Brace Assembly Model

s
f kd dd cd sign dd dd kb db 2.8.37

d d d db 2.8.38

f
kd
kb
cd
s (exponent)
d
dd
db

(s=1.0)(0.0<s<1.0)
s 0.35~1.00midas s 0.20~1.00

160 |
 8

cd sign dd dd
s

s<1.0 f d N m sec
D s 1

d
s
cd sign d d d f dD
N m sec
s 1 2.8.39
N m /sec s
m /sec

midas dd v0
v0
s

f kd d d cd sign d d dd
v0
kb d b 2.8.40

cd N m sec v0 N
tonf v0 1.0
v0

2.8.1

f N, tonf

dd m/seccm/sec

v0 m/seccm/sec

d d v0

cd N, tonf

1(kN, m)

2N, cm

| 161


11000
kd 10,000 N cm Cd 10 N sec cm
100
s 1 kb 10,000 N cm
v0
Cd 1 kN 1,000N
v0 1 m sec 100 cm sec

dd db

cd kb
f f

N1 N2

aMaxwell Model

dd cd

f f
kd
N1 N2

bKelvin Model

dd cd db

kb
f f
kd
N1 N2

cDamper Brace Assembly Model

2.8.12

162 |
 8

Maxwell Model
2.8.12(a)Maxwell Model
(Fluid Viscoelastic Device)
Maxwell Model
s

f cd sign d d d
v0
kb d b 2.8.41

Runge-Kutta Method
d d

() Kelvin(Voigt) Model
2.8.12(b)Kelvin Model
(Solid Viscoelastic Device)
Kelvin Model

f kd d cd sign d
d
v0
2.8.42

Damper Brace Assembly Model

Damper Brace Assembly Model Kelvin Model 2.8.12(c)

Damper Brace Assembly Model

Runge-Kutta Method
d d
s

f kd d d cd sign d d d
v0
kb db 2.8.43

s 1 ( s 1.0 )
Runge-Kutta Method
d d

cd 1
kb d (t t ) d d (t )
v0 t
d d (t t ) ; (s =1.0) 2.8.44
c 1
kd kb d
v0 t

Maxwell Model kd=0.0

| 163


dd 0.0 k
f k d 2.8.45

Maxwell Modelk=0.0
Kelvin Model k=kd
kb kd
Damper Brace Assembly Model k
kb kd

8.5.8

o d

k
f f
N1 N2

2.8.13 (Gap)

k d o if d o <0
f 2.8.46
0 otherwise

k
0
d

8.5.9

164 |
 8

o d

k
f f

N1 N2

2.8.14 (Hook)

k (d o) if d o 0
f 2.8.47
0 otherwise

k
0
d

8.5.10
(uniaxial plasticity)
(energy dissipation device)
(metallic yield damper)(primary structure)

Fy r
k

k
f f

N1 N2

2.8.15

Park, Wen and Ang(1986)

f r k d (1 r ) Fy z 2.8.48

| 165


Fy
r
d
z

z Wen(1976)

1 z s sgn dz d
k
z 2.8.49
Fy

||+||=1.0
s (transition region)
d
+>0 (softening system)
+<0 (hardening system)
(-)
2.8.16
s
s 30
1.0~50.0 s 2.8.17
1 1
0.75 0.75
0.5 0.5
0.25 0.25
0 0
f

-0.25 -0.25
-0.5 -0.5
-0.75 -0.75
-1 -1
-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
d d

a = 0.9, = 0.1 b = 0.1, = 0.9

3 5
4
2 3
2
1
1
0 0
f
f

-1
-1 -2
-3
-2
-4
-3 -5
-2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 -2 -1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2
d d

c = 0.5, = -0.5 d = 0.25, = -0.75

2.8.16 (r = 0, k = Fy = s = 1.0)

166 |
 8

1.2

1.0

f 0.8
s=
0.6

f
Fy s=2 r k 0.4
s = 1.0
s=1 0.2
s = 2.0
k s = 10.0
s =100.0
k 0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0
d d

2.8.17 ()

8.5.11

(biaxial plasticity)

Elastic Axial Spring

kx

Nonlinear Shear Spring f3 d2

f2
(Hysteretic System) d3

Fy
Ky
x
K0
z y
dy

2.8.18

f y ry k y d y (1 ry ) Fy , y z y 2.8.50

f z rz k z d z (1 rz ) Fy , z z z 2.8.51

| 167


kykz yz
FyyFyz yz
ryrz yz
dydz yz
zyzz yz

z y z z Park, Wen, and Ang(1986)

Wen(1976)

ky
zy y y y y y y z
1 z 2 sgn d z z z sgn d z
z
z z z
dy
Fy , y 2.8.52


z z z y z z y sgn d y z y y 1 z z2 z sgn d z z z z k z d
z

Fy , z

yyzz yz
d y d z yz

s=2

8.5.12



(biaxial plasticity)
(Gap)

R k
P
f f
P

N1 N2
P

2.8.19

168 |
 8

k x d x if d x 0
fx P 2.8.53
0 otherwise

P
kx
dx

P
fy d y P y zy 2.8.54
Ry

P
fz d z P z zz 2.8.55
Rz

P
Ry Rz yz
y z yz
dy d z yz
zy z z yz

y Constantinou,
z

Mokha and Reinhorn(1990)

y fast , y fast , y slow, y e r v

2.8.56
z fast , z fast , z slow, z e r v

ry d y2 rz d z2
v d y2 d z2 , r 2.8.57
v2
fastyfastz yz
slowyslowz yz
ryrz yz
dy dz yz
zy zz Park, Wen, and Ang(1986)
Wen(1976)

| 169


ky
zy y y
y y
1 z 2 sgn d z z z sgn d z
y y z z z z z dy
P y 2.8.58


z z z y z z y sgn d y z y y 1 z z2 z sgn d z z z z k z d

P z
z

kykz yz(
)
yyzz yz
dy , dz yz

8.5.13 -
Runge-Kutta Method
2.8.20
Runge-Kutta Method
t
t Runge-Kutta Method
t

dy ( x)
f ( x, y ( x))
dx
y ( x0 ) y0
y2
y1

y0
x0 x1 x2
t t
2.8.20

170 |
 8

8.5.14 -
Runge-Kutta
(Adaptive Stepsize Control) 2.8.21

Press et al.(1992)
a
new
hnew hpresent 2.8.59
present
Tolerance

2.8.21 Cash-Karp(Adaptive Stepsize Control)

hnew
hpresent
new ( new scal )
present
a present new : a =0.2 present new : a =0.25


-8
1.0e

| 171


8.5.15
t Runge Kutta Method
1/2

1st Iteration :
2nd Iteration :
3rd Iteration :
4th Iteration :

2.8.22 Fehlberg(Stepsize Sub-Division for Non-convergence Control)

8.6

8.6.1

1(constitution response)
2(elastic response)
3

e p 2.8.60

172 |
 8

e
p

(yield criteria)
(flow rule)
(hardening rule)

1.
(elastic response)()F ( 2.8.23)

F ( , p , ) e ( , p ) ( p ) 0 2.8.61

e (equivalent)(effective)
( p )
p (equivalent)

(plastic corrector)
(return mapping)

d p f

Smooth
a

a Plastic potential
g ( ) f ( ) const.

,d p

d
Comer
d

d p

2.8.23

2.
( 2.8.23)

| 173


g
d p d d b 2.8.62


g

d
g (plastic potential)(stress invariant)
g=F (associated flow) gF (non-
associated flow)

2.8.62

F
d p d d a 2.8.63

2.8.23 ()
(singular point)

3. (Hardening rule)

(strain hardening)
(work hardening)(plastic incompressibility)

2.8.24

2.8.24
(isotropic hardening)(kinematic hardening)(mixed hardening)

174 |
 8

8.6.2

d De d d p De d d a 2.8.64
e
D
(consistence condition)

F F F
T
dF

d p d p


d aT De d aT Dea h d 0 2.8.65

h
De aaT DeT
d De T e d 2.8.66
a D ah

-(consistent)

RaaT R T
d R T d 2.8.67
a Ra h

1
a

1
R I d De D I d D A
e e
De 2.8.68

8.6.3

1(Explicit forward Euler algorithm with sub-
incrementation) ( 2.8.25 2.8.26)

X
A
B

a A

| 175


B
e
Ce
C
A
X D

C
D

b A C D

2.8.25

ABCD
E

2.8.26

2(Implicit backward Euler algorithm) ( 2.8.27)

ABCD
E

2.8.27

( 2.8.25 A)( 2.8.27
B)
(Gauss Point)

176 |
 8

1
2
3
4

Newton-Raphson

1.
1

d Bdu 2.8.69

B -
du

d De d
2.8.70
B X d

2.8.25
3

F X 1 r d 0
FB 2.8.71
r
FB FX
5 rd m
( 2.8.26)

m INT 8 eB eA eA 1 2.8.72

| 177


FC
C
a D aC h
T
C
e
2.8.73
D C C D aCe

2.

C B d DeaC 2.8.74

2.8.27
2.8.74 C r

r C B d D e a C 2.8.75

r 0

rn ro Dea 2.8.76


d

0
ro Dea 2.8.77

F F
T
FCn FC o p FCo aTC h 0 2.8.78
p
p

178 |
 8

Fo aT ro
2.8.79
aT D e a h

8.6.4

1(Tresca)(von Mises)
(plastic incompressibility)( 2.8.28).
2-(Mohr-Coulomb)-(Drucker-Prager)
( 2.8.29)
von Mises yield surface
3
Hydrostatic axis

Tresca yield surface

2.8.28

1
Drucker-Prager
1

t
c
3 c
Mohr-Coulomb
2 3

2.8.29 --

1.

| 179


1 2 3 1 2 3

F , 1 3 p 2.8.80

(lode angle) 30
>29

2.

F , 3 J 2 p 2.8.81

J2 (second deviatoric stress invariant)

3. -
-
-

F , c n tan 2.8.82

n
c

c
-
>29-

4. -
-
--
(hydrostatic stress)

2sin 6c cos
F , I1 J 2 2.8.83
3 3 sin 3 3 sin

180 |
 8

I (first stress invariant)

8.6.5
1. (effective plastic strain)

1(strain hardening)

2
d p d p
2 T
T
d p a ad 2.8.84
3 3

(norm)

2(work hardening)

dW p T d p d aT 2.8.85

dWp 1d 1 e d p 2.8.86

aT
d p d 2.8.87
e

2.

1(perfectly plastic)
()

F , e 2.8.88

2(isotropic hardening)

| 181


2.8.30a

F , e p 2.8.89

3(kinematic hardening)
2.8.30b

F , , e 2.8.90

Prager Ziegler Prager

d C p d p C p ad 2.8.91

Cp Prager

a b

2.8.30

Ziegler d (reduced-stress)

d d C z d p 2.8.92

Cz Ziegler

4(mixed hardening)

182 |
 8

F , , e p 2.8.93

8.6.6
von MisesTresca
Mohr-CoulombDrucker-Prager
von MisesTresca
Mohr-CoulombDrucker-Prager

2.8.31

2.8.32

midas Civil midas Gen
midas FEA midas

| 183


2.8.33

Mohr-Coulomb Drucker-Prager

aMohr-Coulomb failure surface

deviatoric axis

=
6
rt0 = 26c cos
3 + sin
3c cot
hydrostatic axis

26c cos
rc0 =
3 - sin

=
6

b-plane cmeridian plane

2.8.34 Mohr-Coulomb yield surface in -plane & meridian plane

184 |
 8

aDrucker-Prager failure surface

deviatoric axis
=
6
6
1 r0 = 2k

k
3
hydrostatic axis

1 r0 = 2k
6
=
6

b-plane cmeridian plane

2.8.35 Drucker-Prager yield surface in -plane & meridian plane

Mohr-Coulomb Drucker-Prager C-1 ()

apex regime
midas Civil midas Gen

2.8.36 Apex regime

| 185


8.7

8.7.1





Pushover Performance-
Based Seismic Design, PBSD
target performance

Pushover




displacement-based design
Pushover 2.8.37 -

performance point

5%

Sa

Ddesign Sd

2.8.37

186 |
 8

8.7.2

1(Linear Static Procedure, LSP)
2(Linear Dynamic Procedure, LDP)
3(Nonlinear Static Procedure, NSP)
4(Nonlinear Dynamic Procedure, NDP)

Pushover

Pushover
-(capacity curve)
--
(ADRSAcceleration-Displacement Response Spectrum)(demand spectrum)
()
()

midas ATC-40(1996) FEMA-273(1997) (Capacity

Spectrum MethodCSM)
2.8.38
roof
F Vbase Sa

roof Sd
Vbase

a(capacity curve)(capacity spectrum)

Sa Sa Tn,1 Tn2 Sa 5%
Sd Sa
4 2
Amax
Tn, 2

Tn Sd Dmax Sd

b(demand spectrum) c(performance point)

2.8.38 (Capacity Spectrum Method, CSM)

| 187


Pushover
Pushover
Pushover
1
2
3
4

8.7.3
1.
2.8.39

A
B
C
C

2.8.39

C C

2.
Pushover
(Residual Force)
()midas
-(Full Newton-Raphson Method)
-

188 |
 8

2.8.40 -

1(n) nP0 2.8.40 A

Kn U n Fn1 n P0 2.8.94

Kn (n)
Un (n)
Fn-1 (n-1)
n (n)
P0
nP0 (n)

2.8.94

K n U n n P0 Fn 1
2.8.95
K n U n n P0

nP0 (n)

2.8.95 Un
2 Un
(i) (i)
Kn Fn
2.8.40 B

| 189


(i)
3 nP0 Rn

K n (i ) U n (i ) n P0 Fn (i )
2.8.96
K n (i ) U n (i ) Rn (i )

Kn(i) (n) i
Un(i) (n) i
Fn(i) (n) i
Rn(i) (n) i
(i)
2.8.96 Un
Rn(i)(1)~(3)
4 C

3.
(2.8.96) Un
(i )

Rn(i ) (1)~(3)
1

1( 2 )
-

a.
b.
2( 1)

2



.

190 |
 8

U n(i )T U n(i )
D 2.8.97a
U n(i )T U n(i )

Fn(i )T Fn(i )
F 2.8.97b
Fn(i )T Fn(i )

Fn(i )T U n(i )
E 2.8.97c
Fn(i )T U n(i )

D
F
E
Un(i) (n) i
Un(i) (n) i
Fn(i) (n) i
Fn(i) (n) i

4.
Pushover

0.250.5
Pushover

Pushover

5. P-Delta

| 191


P-Delta P-Delta
P-Delta

K K G n U n Fn1 n P0 2.8.98

K
KG
Pushover

K KG 0 2.8.99

1FEMA ( 2.8.40 C )
2
0

6.
1
2
3
4

8.7.4


Full
Newton-Raphson

1
2
3

1.

192 |
 8

n nstep
n P0

1 n nstep

1 P0

n 1

n 1

Displacement

2.8.41

1: (n=1)

Pyild Pini
ratio 2.8.100
Pcrnt Pini

ratio
Pyild
Pcrnt
Pini

90%

K1U1 Fini 1 P0 Pini 2.8.101

K 1 1
U 1 1
Fini
1 1 ( 1 0.9 * ratio )
P0
Pini
1 P0 1

| 193


22: (1 n nstep )

(nstep 1) n
n n1 nstep 1 1 1 2.8.102
i 1
i

n (n)
n 1 (n-1)
1 1
nstep
i

Pn n P0 2.8.103

3 3 : (n=nstep)
(nstep)

Pnstep nstep P0 ; nstep 1.0 2.8.104

2.8.42 ()

2.

194 |
 8

3.

1 Pushover nstep
2 >

No. X X

Function : 10
2 0.6 10 1.0

3.
Case 1 :
1 nstep =10
2
No. Function
1 0.30
2 0.60
3 0.65
4 0.70
5 0.75
6 0.80
7 0.85
8 0.90
9 0.95
10 1.00

Case 2 : nstep
nstep =10
Case1
No. Function No. Function
0 0.0 0.0 0.30
1 0.6 0.2 0.60
5 1.0 1.0 0.65

| 195


4.

(Current Stiffness Ratio)
1 : Cs=100.0%
2 : 0.0%<Cs<100.0%
3 : Cs=0.0%
4 : Cs<0.0%
Cs 0

CS=100%
0%<CS100%

2.8.43

8.7.5


()
()
1%2%4%
ATC-40 FEMA-273 1% 2%
4%

8.7.6
Pushover

Pushover

196 |
 8

1
2
3

8.7.7
-

1.

(1)-

-
P-M-M
()()
FEMA

(2)-

-
P-M-M

()()




()

(3)


FEMA
()
2. -

| 197


flexibility method
Euler Bernoulli Beam Theory

P-Delta

f T {Fxi , Fyi , Fzi , M xi , M yi , M zi , Fxj , Fyj , Fzj , M xj , M yj , M zj } 2.8.105a

uT {ui , vi , wi , xi , yi , zi , u j , v j , w j , xj , yj , zj } 2.8.105b

z z
Momentz Momentz
(+) (-)
y Shearz y Shearz
(+)
(-)
Momenty Momenty Axial
(+) Sheary Axial
(-) x (-) Sheary (+) x
(-) Momentx (+) Momentx
(+) (-)

i j
L

2.8.44 -

-
-Lumped Type
Hinge ModelDistributed Hinge Model

1-

2.8.106 U
u i
j

198 |
 8

uT {ui , vi , wi , xi , yi , zi , u j , v j , w j , xj , yj , zj } 2.8.106

()()

u u j ui 2.8.107

x xj xi 2.8.108

2.8.45

s 2.8.109

z z
Momentz Momentz
(+) (-)
y Shearz y Shearz
(+)
(-)
Momenty Momenty Axial
(+) Sheary Axial
(-) x (-) Sheary (+) x
(-) Momentx (+) (+) Momentx (-)

i j
L z
y
w j wi x
(-)
Ly

wi(+) yi(+) yi(+)

w j wi

w j wi
(-)
Ly w j(-)

w j wi w j wi yj
(+) yj(+)
yi yi yj yj
Ly Ly

2.8.45

w j wi v j vi
sy sz 2.8.110
L L

| 199


s 2.8.111

2.8.107~2.8.111 u

u T { u yi zi yj zj x } 2.8.112

u u j ui
w j wi
yi yi
Ly
v j vi
zi zi
Lz
2.8.113
w j wi
yj yj
Ly
v j vi
zj zj
Lz
x xj xi

u q
q u
k AB q

qAB k AB u 2.8.114

qABT q ABT {n myi mzi myj mzj mx } :
u
k AB
qS

qS T q y qz 2.8.115

200 |
 8

mzi mzj my i m
q y qz
yj
2.8.116
Lz Ly

q
-- q
q
) q

d f n q 2.8.117

fn ( fn 1/ kn )

dn dn1 d 2.8.118

qn qn1 q 2.8.119

dn-1
qn-1

2.8.46 ()

1(n-1)(n) dn
dy dy

2 dn dy kn
kn* kn* fn*
3 kn* qn*
4 r r=qn-qn*

| 201


1
f n*
kn*
1
fn
kn

2.8.46 ()

K n Fn1 2.8.120

Fn
Kn

2-

-
-(Lumped Type Hinge Model)
-
- 0
2.8.47
2.8.2

202 |
 8

2.8.47 -

2.8.2 -
(unit)

(Fx) -() EA/L(N/m)

(FyFz) - GAs(N)

(Mx) - GJ/L(Nm)

(MyMz) - 6EI/L, 3EI/L, 2EI/L(Nm)

-
-

(Single Component)(P-M-M)
-
12.8.105~2.8.111-
q
q q
2 2.8.48(a)

1 1 1
f n f 0 f spr kn

k0

ks p r 2.8.121a

d n d el d spr 2.8.121b

fn
f0
fspr

| 203


dn
del
dspr

2.8.48

f spr f n f 0 2.8.122

Fn = F0 + f spr 2.8.123

Fn
F0
fspr ( 0)

204 |
 8

-
-
-
-
2.8.49 2.8.51

a Ma
Ma Mb Mb
b
a b

2.8.49

Va 12 6 L 12 6 L va
M 2
a EI 6 L 4 L 6 L 2 L a
2

3 2.8.124
Vb L 12 6 L 12 6 L vb
M b 2
6 L 2 L 6 L 4 L b
2

2.8.49 va vb 0 a b

M a EI 4 L2 2 L2 a
3 2 2 2.8.125a
M b L 2 L 4 L b

1 1

a L 3 6 M a
2.8.125b
b EI 1 1 M b
6 3

a b M a Mb

L L
a M a b Mb
6 EI 6 EI

| 205


L 6EI
f0 , k0 2.8.125c
6 EI L
2

a Ma
Ma

(a) (b)

2.8.50 (
Mb 0 )

2.8.50 va vb 0 M b 0 2.8.124

M a EI 4 L2 2 L2 a
3 2 2 2.8.126a
0 L 2 L 4 L b

1 1

a L 3 6 M a
2.8.126b
b EI 1 1 0
6 3

L
a Ma
3EI

L 3EI
f0 , k0 2.8.126c
3EI L
3( M b M a )

a b
Ma Ma Mb
Mb

a b

2.8.51

2.8.51 va vb 0 M b M a 2.8.124

206 |
 8

M a EI 4 L2 2 L2 a
3 2 2.8.127a
M b L 2L 4 L2 b

1 1

a L 3 6 M a
2.8.127b
b EI 1 1 M b
6 3

L 2EI
f0 k0 2.8.127c
2 EI L
3-
-

Gauss-Legendre
midas Gauss-Lobatto

-
midas -
(Distributed Type)
(Lumped Type)

- 1~20
-
-

- ()()
-
-
-

| 207


Inelastic Hinge
M M M M

Rigid Integration Point Rigid Rigid Integration Point Rigid

Zone (Inelastic Hinge) Zone Zone Elastic Hinge Zone

a b()

2.8.52 -

- 2.8.3
2.8.3 -
(unit)
(Fx) - EA(N)
(FyFz) - GAs(N)
2
(Mx) - GJ(Nm )
2
(MyMz) - EI(Nm )

-
-
(P-M-M)
-
1 21~
q q(x) q
(force interpolation function)
-

qAB ( x) b( x) qAB 2.8.128

q ABT = n myi mzi myj mzj 2.8.129

q AB ( x)T nsec my ,sec mz ,sec 2.8.130

1 0 0 0 0

b( x ) 0 1 0 0 ,
x
2.8.131
L
0 0 1 0

208 |
 8

-
mzi mzj
q y ,sec
Lz
m yi m yj 2.8.132
qz ,sec
Ly
mx ,sec mx

myimzimyjmzj
q y ,sec qz ,sec

mx ,sec

2~ f ( x)
3 f ( x)
L
F bT ( x) f ( x)b( x)dx 2.8.133
0

f(x) x
b(x) x ()
F
L
x

4) -

3.
2.8.53 (x )

x
2
Fx2

1
Fx1

2.8.53

2.8.4

| 209


2.8.4

(Fx) -() (unit)

EA/L(N/m)

4.
(General Link)
(General Link Properties)

2.8.5
2.8.5

(Fx) - (EA/L)
(FyFz) - (GAs/L)
(Mx) - (GJ/L)
(MyMz) - (EI/L)

8.7.8
(Skeleton Curve)
--
---

2.8.2~2.8.5

8.7.8.1
midas

1
(midas Gen )

k0 (+)(-)

2
(midas Gen )

k0 (+)(-)

210 |
 8

3FEMA
-(midas Gen )

k0 (+)(-)

8.7.8.2

1
2
3()

Force Force
P1(+)
P1(+) 2K0
1K0 P1(+) 1K0

K0 K0
Deform. Deform.

K0 : Ini. Stiff. K0 : Ini. Stiff.

1K0
1K0 P1(-)
P1(-) 2K0
P2(-)

(a) (b)

2.8.54

8.7.8.3 FEMA
FEMA (reversed cyclic load)
( 2.8.55)
FEMA
C
()

| 211


C
B

K0Ini.Stiff.

D E

2.8.55 FEMA
A
A-B
B (nominal yield strength)

B-C (strain hardening) B-C
5~10%
C (nominal strength)
C-D (initial failure)
(fracture)(spalling)
D-E (residual resitance) 20%
E

8.7.8.4 P-M-M

P P

Pmax Pmax
MU,max

M
M
PC0(t) MY0 MU,max

P P

(a) () (b) ()

2.8.56 P-M-M

(Bresler)

212 |
 8

M nx M ny
M 1.0 2.8.134
nox M noy

8.7.8.5
2.8.57 y
1 2.8.135

2
a d
y 0.043 1.64npt 0.043 0.330 2.8.135
D D

M
My 2 k0
1 k0
Mc

y k0
k0
c y

2.8.57

M y Mc
1
My 2.8.136
Mc
y
(PMM )
y PMM y

1 Pi ( a)
2 P0 a
b
3 b y P y

| 213


P(compression)
Pmax

c b
P y
a
Pi

P0 M
MC MY
PC0(t )
Crack Surface
Yield Surface
P(tension)
2.8.58 PMM ay

8.7.9 Pushover
Pushover (CSM)
Pushover

8.7.9.1
Pushover -(V-U)-(A-T)
-(acceleration-displacement response
spectrum)

V V
A k
Pushover M1

U U
D k k

(a) -()-

214 |
 8

A A
Tn,1 Tn2
D A
4 2

Tn,2

Tn
V D

(b) --()

2.8.59

--
V
A k
2.8.137
M

U
D 2.8.138

k k

k k
M k
N

m j jk
j 1

k
N
2.8.139
m j
2
jk
j 1

N m
2

j jk
j 1 2.8.140

k
M N

m j
2
jk
j 1

2.8.137 2.8.138 (MDOF)

(SDOF) A D
V U
(2.8.141)
--

2
Tn
D A 2.8.141
4
2

8.7.9.2 (Performance Point)

| 215


ATC-40 (CSM)
Procedure-A Procedure-B Procedure-
A Procedure-B

1(equivalent Damping)
(CSM) 5%

2.8.142a2.8.142b

Kinitial api
api Keffective ay
ay
Eso

dy dpi
dy dpi
ED
ED

2.8.60

eq 0 0.05 2.8.142a

1 ED 63.7(a y d pi d y a pi )
0 2.8.142b
4 ESO a pi d pi

ED =
ESO =
2.8.142a

63.7(a y d pi d y a pi )
eq 0 5 5 2.8.143
a pi d pi

eq (%)ATC-40 25%
50%

2(Effective Damping)
(stiffness degradation)
(strength deterioration)(slip or pinching)

216 |
 8

ATC-40 (damping modification factor)

63.7 (a y d pi d y a pi )
eq 0 5 5 2.8.144
a pi d pi

2.8.6
0 (%) ()
16.25 1.0
A
() 0.51 a y d pi d y a pi
> 16.25 1.13
a pi d pi

25 0.67
B
() 0.446 a y d pi d y a pi
> 25 0.845
a pi d pi

C
0.33
()

Teq Tn 2.8.145
1

Tn

= (api-ay) / (dpi-dy)

4

(spectrum reduction factor, SR)( 2.8.61)
Newmark Hall(1982)
(SRA)(SRV)2.8.146
ATC-40 ( 2.8.7)

| 217


Sa
5
SRA

SRV

Sd

2.8.61

63.7 a y d pi d y a pi
3.21 0.68ln 5 0.33 for Type A

a pi d pi
SRA 0.44 for Type B 2.8.146a
2.12 0.56 for Type C

63.7 a y d pi d y a pi
2.31 0.41ln 5 0.50 for Type A
a pi d pi 2.8.146b
SRV 0.56 for Type B
1.65 0.67
for Type C

2.8.7
SRA SRV

Type A () 1.00 0.33 0.50

Type B () 0.67 0.44 0.56

Type C () 0.33 0.56 0.67

5%

8.7.10
ATC-40

1. Procedure-A
ATC-40
1 5%

218 |
 8

2. Procedure-B
2.8.62
1
()()
2

2.8.62 Procedure-B (ATC-40)

| 219


2.8.63 Procedure-A

2.8.64 Procedure-B

8.7.11
FEMA-273
ATC-40 2.8.65

IO LS CP

D E

IO = (Immediate Occupancy)

LS = (Life Safety)

CP = (Collapse Prevention)

220 |
 8

2.8.65

8.7.12 Pushover

2Pushover
> Pushover > Pushove

3Pushover
> Pushover > Pushove

4
> Pushover > Pushove

5()
> Pushover > Pushove

6Pushover
> Pushover > Pushove Pushover

7
> Pushover > Pushove

| 221


9.1

()

-

9.1.1

Mu Cu KS u f I f N p 2.9.1

M
C
KS
u
u u
p
fI
fN

Newmark-
Newmark-
Newton-Raphson
t t t

ut t ut 1 tut tut t 2.9.2

222 |
 9

1
ut t ut tut - t 2ut t 2ut t 2.9.3
2

ut t ut t 1- ut 1- tut 2.9.4
t 2

1 1
ut t 2
ut t - tut - t 2ut 2.9.5
t 2

ut t ut t - ut 2.9.6

ut t ut t ut 1 tut 2.9.7
t 2

1 1 1
ut t ut t ut ut 2.9.8
t 2
t 2
Newton-Raphson

u (i ) u (i ) u (i 1) u (i ) 2.9.9
t

1
u (i ) u (i ) - u (i-1) u (i ) 2.9.10
t
2

t t (i)

t ut t u
( i 1)
ut(
i) (i )
2.9.11

t ut t u u (i)
( i 1) i 1)
ut(
i) (i )
ut( t 2.9.12
t

1
t ut t u u (i )
( i 1) i 1)
ut(
i) (i )
ut( t 2.9.13
t
2

t t (i)

| 223


Mut( t Cut t f (u ) t t pt t
i) (i ) (i )
2.9.14

(2.9.14)(2.9.12)(2.9.13) u(i )

(i )
K Eff u (i ) pEff
(i )
2.9.15

1 1
K Eff M C Kt(
i)
2.9.16
t t
2 t

pEff pt t Mut( t Cut t f t t

i 1) ( i 1) ( i 1)
2.9.17

K Eff
pEff
Kt(i ) t
u(i )
Newmark-

9.1.2

Pushover


Newton-Raphson


1)
2)

(O)
(X)
(O)
(X)

224 |
 9

(Time Varying Static Load)

0 1

Pushover

9.1.3

(1)
(2)

P
Pini0

P1(+)
Pini
P2(+)
Pini0
(=Pini )
P1(+)

K0 K0

Dini D1(+) D D1(+) D2(+) Dini D

a b

2.9.1

( 2.9.1)
(1) K 0 Dini
a. Dini ()
b. Dini Dini Pini Dini Pini

(2) ut t

(3) ut t ut tut tut t

D P

| 225


(4)
D* D Dini P* P Pini
(5) D* P *
(6)
(7) D D* Dini
P P* Pini
(8) 2

9.1.4

1 6EI/L
3EI/L2EI/L
2
3

(+)(-)(+)(-)

(+)(-)
(+)(-)

9.1.5 -

(Residual Force)

1
Newton- Raphson

2

2.9.2 -

unT un T
peff , n peff , n
T
peff un
D F E 2.9.18
unT un ,1 peff ,1 ,1 u1
T T
peff peff

226 |
 9

D
F
E
T
peff n
un n
un n

eff
R ; Effective Load
eff t t
R t t
Eff
K t(2) rt(2) rt(1)
t
t t

Eff
K t(1)t
eff R t t

eff
Rt t
Eff
K t(0)
t

u ; Displacement
ut ut(0)
t ut(1)t ut(2) (3)
t u t t

eff R t t ; Incremental Effective Load

rt t ; Residual Force

2.9.2 -

9.2

9.2.1
flexibility method
Euler Bernoulli Beam Theory

>>
>

| 227


Inelastic Hinge
M M M M

Rigid Elastic Beam Rigid Rigid Integration Point Rigid

Zone Zone Zone Zone

(a) (b)

2.9.3

-


-
2.9.4
(
)
()


ij

cord rotation
angle:

Inelastic Hinge
M M

Elastic Beam
Rigid Rigid
Zone Inelastic Spring Zone

2.9.4

228 |
 9

1.
(Lumped Type Hinge Model)

--

()

FS FH FH 0 2.9.19

F FB FS 2.9.20

K = F 1 2.9.21

FH
FH0
FS
FB
F
K

M M M
e p e p
1 1
1
FS FH
= FS0 +

2.9.5

-
-
2.9.6

| 229


?
M M 6EI
M
L

? M 3EI
M
L

? M 2EI
M M
L

2.9.6 (=L=EI)

2.
(Distributed Type Hinge Model)
-(Gauss-Lobbato)

--
L
F bT ( x) f ( x)b( x)dx 2.9.22
0

K = F 1 2.9.23

f(x) x
b(x) x
F
K
L
x
1
EI

EI

2.9.7

230 |
 9

-(Gauss-Legendre)
-(Gauss-Lobatto)

120
2.9.8
-
(Classical Gauss Integration)

5
5

a=1 b=2

c=3 d=4

e=5 f=6

2.9.8 -

9.2.2

joint i

k x
kx kz
ky k z
k y

joint j

2.9.9 (General Link)

| 231


9.2.3

i kx j
ni , ui nj , uj
i j
n ,u

2.9.10

9.3

-
-


2.9.1

9.3.1

232 |
 9

2.9.1




(Kinematic P-M-M
hardening/Trilinar)

P-M
(Normal Bilinear)

P-M
(Normal Trilinear)


P-M
(Origin-oriented/Trilinar)

P-M
(Peak-oriented/Trilinar)

(Origin Peak- P-M
oriented/Trilinear)

P-M
(Clough/Bilinear)

P-M
(Degrading Tri-linear)

P-M
(Original Takeda Triliear)

P-M
(Original Takeda Tetralinear)

P-M
(Modified Takeda Trilinear)

(Modified Takeda P-M
Tetralinear)

P-M
(Elastic Bilinear)

P-M
(Elastic Trilinear)

P-M
(Elastic Tetralinear)

| 233


P-M
(Slip Bilinear)

P-M
(Slip Bilinear/Tension)

P-M
(Slip Bilinear/Compression)


P-M
(Slip Trilinear)

P-M
(Slip Trilinear/Tension)

P-M
(Slip Trilinear/Compression)
Ramberg Osgood

Hardin Drnevich ()

9.3.2

2.9.11



()

234 |
 9

Z
P(+) MZ(+) M cr f tk Z N
A
ftk
y Z
A
My(+) N
z

ecu fck a1fck
es1 fs1 fs1
b1c
Ds2 Ds1 es2 c fs2 fs2
Dc
Ds3 Ds4 es3 fs3 fs3
es4 fs4 fs4
f f f f
si y si y

DC

2.9.11

9.4

(response point)-

(Bauschinger Effect)

(Strain Hardening)

| 235


9.4.1

P1(+)
K2(+)

K0 K0 K0
D1(-)
D
D1(+)

K2(-)
P1(-)

2.9.12

2

P1(+)P1(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

1(+)1(-)

3
Dmax D1 K0
D D1(+)

D1(+)<D, D<D1(-)(Masing)

236 |
 9

9.4.2

1

(Bauschinger effect)

P2(+)
K3(+)
P1(+)
K2(+)

K0 K0 K0 K0 K0
D
D2(-) D1(-) D1(+) D2(+)

K2(-)
P1(-)
K3(-)
P2(-)

2.9.13

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

3
Dmax D2
Dmax D2

| 237


9.4.3

K3(+)
P2(+)
K2(+)

P1(+)
K0

D2(-) D1(-)
D
D1(+) D2(+)

P1(-)

K2(-)
P2(-)
K3(-)

2.9.14

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

238 |
 9

9.4.4

K3(+)
P2(+)
K2(+)

P1(+)
K0

D2(-) D1(-)
D
D1(+) D2(+)

P1(-)

(-)
K2
P2(-)
(-)
K3

2.9.15

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

| 239


9.4.5

P D ()
max
()
, Pmax
K2(+)
P1(+)

K0 Kr(+)
D
D1(-) D1(+)
Kr(-)

P1(-)
K2(-)
D
( )
max
( )
,P
max

P1(+)

D1(-) D1(+) D

P1(-)

2.9.16

2

P1(+)P1(-)
D1(+)D1(-)

240 |
 9

K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

1(+)1(-)

D1( )
Kr ( ) K 0 ()
K0
Dmax

Kr(+)Kr(-) D1( ) (+)
Kr ( ) K0 ( )
K0 Dmax Dmax(-)
Dmax

3
Dmax D1 K 0
D D1() K 2()
K 2(-)
D1(+)DD D1(-) Kr () Kr (-)

9.4.6

P2(+)

P1(+)

D2(-) D1(-)
D
D1(+) D2(+)

P1(-)

P2(-)

2.9.17

2

P1(+)P1(-)

| 241


P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

3
Dmax D1 K 0
D D1() K 2()
K 2(-)
D1( ) D D D1( )

P ( ) Pmax
(-)
1 P 2( ) P 2
Kr1 max K0 K0 , K1
(-)
() 2.9.24
Dmax Dmax K1 D 2( ) D 2
(-)
(-)

9.4.7

P2(+)

P1(+)

D
D2(-) D1(-) D1(+) D2(+)

P1(-)

P2(-)

2.9.18

242 |
 9

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)


()
Kun Kr ( ) Kun
()
Kr ( )

3
Dmax D1 K0 (Rule0)
() (+) (-)
D D1 K2 K2 (Rule1)

(Rule2)
(Rule3)
(+) (-)
K2 K2 (Rule4)
P
Rule: 4
P2(+)
Rule: 1
P1(+) (+) Rule: 3
K2
Rule: 0 K0
Rule: 2
(+)
D1(-) Kr1
D2(-)
D
D1(+) D2(+)

P1(-)
Rule: 5
(-)
K2
P2(-)

| 243


(+) (-)
D D2() K3 K3 (Rule:13)
(+) (-)
Kr Kr (Rule:15)
( )
Kr P1 P1 (Rule:17)


() () Dmax () () Dmax
Kr Kb Kr Kb 2.9.25
D2 () D2 ()
(=0.4Default)

() P 2 ( ) P1( ) ( ) P 2 ( ) P1( )
Kb Kb 2.9.26
D 2 ( ) D1( ) D 2 ( ) D1( )
P
Rule: 16
Rule: 13
P2(+)
K3(+) Rule: 15
P1(+)

Rule: 14
Kr(+)

D2(-) D1(-) D1(+) D2(+)

D

Rule: 17

P1(-)
Rule: 18
Rule: 19
P2(-)
K3(-)

0 (Rule:18)
(Rule:20) 0
(-) (+)
Kun Kun 0
(Rule:21)
P

Rule: 13
P2(+)
K3(+)
P1(+) Kr(+)
Rule: 14
()
Rule: 21 K un

D2(-) D1(-) Rule: 22

D
()
K un
Rule: 17
Rule: 20
Rule: 23
P1(-)
Rule: 18

P2(-)
K3(-)

244 |
 9

9.4.8

P3(+) K4(+)
P2(+)

P1(+)

D3(-)
D
D2(-) D1(-) D1(+) D2(+) D3(+)

P1(-)

P2(-)
K4(-) P3(-)

2.9.19

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

3

D D3()

| 245


D D3() K 4() K 4(-)

9.4.9

P2(+)

P1(+)

D2(+)
D
D2(-) D1(-) D1(+)

P1(-)

P2(-)

2.9.20

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

246 |
 9

Dmax D1 K0 (Rule0)
(+) (-)
D D1() K2 K2 (Rule1)

(Rule2)
(Rule3)
(+) (-)
K2 K2 (Rule4)

P2(+)
D()
max
()
, Pmax
Rule: 4
Rule: 1
P1(+)
K2(+) Rule: 3

Rule: 0
K0
Rule: 2
Kr(+)
D2(-) D1(-)
D
D1(+) D2(+)
Rule: 5

D( )
max
( )
, Pmax P1(-)

P2(-)

(+) (-)
D D2() K3 K3 (Rule:10)
(+) (-)
Kr Kr (Rule:11)

-
D()
Kr ()
max K 0 * max , Kb 2.9.27
D1( )

() ( )
Pmax Pmax
Kb () ( ) 2.9.28
Dmax Dmax

( 0.4, Default )

0 (Rule:14)
(Rule:15) 0
(-) (+)
Kun Kun 0
(Rule:16)

| 247


9.4.10

P
P3(+) K4(+)
P2(+)

P1(+)

D3(-)
D2(+) D
D2(-) D1(-) D1(+) D3(+)

P1(-)

P2(-)
K4(-) P3(-)

2.9.21

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)

248 |
 9

D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

9.4.11

P
K2(+)

P1(+)

K0

D1(-)
D
D1(+)
K0

P1(-)
(-)
K2

2.9.22

2

P1(+)P1(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

1(+)1(-)

9.4.12

| 249


1


P
K3(+)
P2(+)
K2(+)

P1(+)

K0
D2(-) D1(-)
D
D1(+) D2(+)

P1(-)

K2(-)
P2(-)
K3(-)

2.9.23

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)

9.4.13

1


2

250 |
 9

P
P3(+)
P2(+)
K3(+)
K4(+)
K2(+)
P1(+)

D3(-) D2(-) D1(-) K0

D
D1(+) D2(+) D3(+)
K0

P1(-)
(-)
K2 P2(-)
(-) P3(-)
K4(-) K3

2.9.24

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
P3(+)P3(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
D2(+)D2(-)
D3(+)D3(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
K4(+)K4(-) K4(+)=3(+)K0K4(-)=3(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)
3(+)3(-)

3

0

P
(8)

(9) (3)
(7)
(2)
(4)

(15) (10) (1) (6)

(16) (11)
(5) D
(20)
(14)
(17) (12)
(13)
(19)

(18)

| 251


9.4.14

1



P

K2(+)
P1(+)

gap gap
() ( )

D1(-) K0 K0
D
K0 K0 D1(+)

P1(-)
K2(-)

a
P P

K2(+) gap
()

P1(+) D1(-) D
K0 K0

gap
()

K0 K0 D
D1(+) P1(-)
K2(-)

b/ c/
2.9.25
2

P1(+)P1(-)
D1(+)D1(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

1(+)1(-)
gap(+)gap(-)

252 |
 9

9.4.15

a
P
P

K3(+)
P2(+)

K2(+)
P1(+)

gap
()
gap
( )

K0 K0
D D2(-) D1(-) D
D1(+) D2(+) K0 K0

P1(-)
K2(-)

K3(-) P1(-)

b/ c/
2.9.26

2

P1(+)P1(-)
P2(+)P2(-)
D1(+)D1(-)

| 253


D2(+)D2(-)
K0
K2 K2(-) K2(+)=1(+)K0K2(-)=1(-)K0
(+)

K3(+)K3(-) K3(+)=2(+)K0K3(-)=2(-)K0
1(+)1(-)
2(+)2(-)
gap(+)gap(-)

9.4.16 -

1
-(Ramberg-Osgood)

G0

1

2.9.29

0 0 0
1 2.9.30
2 2G0 2


2 hmax 2
, 2.9.31
2 hmax r G0



G0
r

2

G0 ()
r
hmax

254 |
 9

Skeleton Curve G0 ( 0 , 0 )

G0

Hysteresis Curve

( 0 , 0 )

2.9.27 -

9.4.17 -

1
--

G0
2.9.32
1 r

G0 ( m )
m () 2.9.33
1 m / 2 r

G0 ( m )
m () 2.9.34
1 m / 2 r

G0
r
( m , m )
2

| 255


G0 ()
r

Skeleton Curve G0 ( 0 , 0 )

G0

Hysteresis Curve

( 0 , 0 )

2.9.28 -

9.5

(Fiber Model)

1(Fiber Model)

256 |
 9

9.5.1

2.9.29

a b c d

2.9.29

()
N

N a(i ) a(Ti )
Fs K s,(0)
1
2.9.35
i 1 a(Ti ) K s ,(i ) a( i )

k1,(i ) 0 0

K s ,(i ) 0 k2,(i ) 0 2.9.36
0 0 k3,(i )

1 1 1 1
(n 1, 2,3; i 1, 2)
kn,(i ) rn,(i ) rn,(i 1) kn,(0) 2.9.37


i ()
Fs
a(i) i

| 257


kn,(i) n i (i=0 )
rn,(i) n i (i=0 1.0)

Fs

(Mroz)
(hardening rule)

2.9.30

9.5.2 P-MP-M-M


P-M P-M-M

1P-M
P-M
P-M


>>
()

258 |
 9

2.9.31 P-M

2P-M-M
P-M-M P-
M-M (Kinematic Hardening type)

aP-M () bP-M-M ()

2.9.32 P-M P-M-M

9.5.3

P-M M-M

P-M

| 259


M P Pbal
1.0 2.9.38
M max Pmax Pbal

M y z (My Mz)
Mmax y z (My,max Mz,max)
P
Pbal y z (Pbal,y Pbal,z)
Pmax

y z (y z)

M-M

My Mz
1.0 2.9.39
M y ,max M z ,max

My,max y
Mz,max z
M-M

y
M
P Pbal , y

f P, M y , M z
M
y

g y M y , M z

P P
y ,max max bal , y

2.9.40
z
M
P Pbal , z

M
z

g z M y , M z

P P 1
z ,max max bal , z

My

M y ,max
gy M y, M z
2.9.41
My Mz

M y ,max M z ,max

260 |
 9

Mz

M z ,max
gz M y , M z
2.9.42
My Mz

M y ,max M z ,max

yz
1.03.0 0.1 y z
y z P-My P-Mz

2.9.33

x1 0.8 x2
yc1 0.9 yc2
yt1 0.9 yt2

2.9.33

9.6

| 261


2.9.34

()
()
()

(Fiber Model) (Layer Model)

2.9.34

1

2


20 - 2

()

2.9.35

262 |
 9

Q1 , Q2 , Q3 , Q4 , Q5
T
Q 2.9.43

q1 , q 2 , q3 , q 4 , q 5
T
q 2.9.44

D(x) M z (x) M y (x) N(x)

T
2.9.45

d (x) z (x) y (x) (x)

T
2.9.46

Di (x) b(x) Qi 2.9.47

b(x) (Force Interpolation Function)

x x
L -1 L 0 0 0

x x
b(x) 0 0 -1 0 2.9.48
L L
0 0 0 0 1

2.9.36

| 263


y (x)

i zi -yi 1 z (x) 2.9.49
(x)
x

x
y(x) x y
z(x) x z
x(x) x
yi i y
zi i z
i i
i
(constitutive relation)

n(x) j n(x) n(x)

E i Ai y i - E ji A i yi z i - E ji A i y i
2

i=1 i=1 i=1

n(x) n(x) n(x)

k j (x) - E ji A i yi z i E j
i A i z 2i E ji A i z i 2.9.50
i=1 i=1 i=1
n(x) j n(x) n(x)
- E i A i y i E Ai zi E ji A i
j
i
i=1 i=1 i=1
1
f j (x) k j (x) 2.9.51

k j (x) j
x
f (x) j x
j

n(x) x
E j i (x) j x i
Ai i
yi , zi i

T
n(x) n(x) n(x)

j

i=1

DR (x) - ji Ai yi i=1
ji Ai zi i=1
ji Ai

2.9.52

264 |
 9

-
-()

9.6.1

1Modified Menegotto & Pinto Steel Model

1 2
(1973) (Filippou1983)

(Kinematic Hardening)

(1 b)
b
1
R 1/ R 2.9.53

r r a
, , R R0 1 2.9.54
0 r 0 r a2

(r, r) (0, 0)
(0, 0)
b
R0, a1, a2 ()
/0 ()
(Fy/E)( 2.9.37)

1.Menegotto, M. and Pinto, P.E., Method of Analysis for Cyclically Loaded ReinForced Concrete Plane Frames Including
Changes in Geometry and Non-Elastic Behavior of Elements under Combined Normal Force and Bending, Proceedings, IABSE
Symposium on Resistance and Ultimate Deformability of Structures Acted on by Well Defined Repeated Loads, Lisbon, 1973,
pp.15-22.
2. Filippou, F.C., Popov, E.P. and Bertero, V.V., Effects of Bond Deterioration on Hysteretic Behavior of ReinForced Concrete
Joints, EERC Report 83-19, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Berkeley, 1983.

| 265


2

( r
, r)1

( 0
, 0) 2 Fy
b
E

( r
, r )2
( 0
, 0)1
1

2.9.37

3


-

266 |
 9

2.9.38

1
2 E2 E4
3 E3 E4
4 E1
5 1 E5
6

7
8

16 E1

9.6.2

1
3 4
Scott(1982) Kent Park(1971)

(Confinement Effect)

2

Kf c 2 for 0
c 0 0 2.9.55

Kf c 1 Z 0 0.2 Kf c
for 0 u

0
u
K
Z
fc (MPa)

3. Scott, B.D., Park, R. and Priestley, M.J.N., Stress-

Strain Behavior of Concrete Confined by Overlapping Hoops at Low and High Strain Rates, ACI Journal, Vol.79, No.1, 1982, pp.
13-27.
4. Kent, D.C., and Park, R., Flexural Members with Confined Concrete, Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, 97(ST7), 1971

| 267


compressive
stress

fc
K

Z
Kfc

fc
0.2K

compressive
0 p r u strain

2.9.39 Modified Kent & Park

(Crushing)
Kent Park

0 0.002K 2.9.56

s f yh
K 1 2.9.57
f c
0.5
Z
3 0.29 f c h 2.9.58
0.75 s 0.002 K
145 f c 1000 sh

fyh ()(MPa)
s =/
h () (
)
sk

Scott (1982)

u 0.004 0.9 s f yh / 300 2.9.59

(p, 0)

p
2

0.145 r 0.13 r for r 2
0 0 0 0
2.9.60
p
0.707 r 2 0.834 for r 2
0 0 0

268 |
 9

r
p

2
50 N/mm -

2.9.40

'c E0 K ( 'c ' p ) 0 2.9.61

2 f 'c
E0 2.9.62
' peak

' '
K exp 0.73 max 1 exp 1.25 max 2.9.63
' peak ' peak

'max
' p 'max 2.86 ' peak 1 exp 0.35 2.9.64
' peak


' peak
'max
' p
K

| 269


3
()

2.9.41

1 n1

Ec c 1 (0 c cc )
n cc
c
c 2.9.65


cc Edes ( c cc )
( cc c cu )

Ec cc
n 2.9.66
Ec cc cc

cc ck 3.8 s sy 2.9.67

s sy
cc 0.002 0.033 2.9.68
ck

2ck
Edes 11.2 2.9.69
s sy

cc ( T y p e
I )

cu 0.2 cc 2.9.70
cc E ( T y p e
II )
des

270 |
 9

4 Ah
s 0.018 2.9.71
sd

c
cc
ck
c
cc
cu
Ec
Edes
s
Ah
s
d
sy
,(=1=0.2, 0.4)

2.9.42

c ck 2 c / 0 c / 0
2
2.9.72

| 271


ck
bt
cu
0

5
-

2.9.43

6(GB50010-2002)-

-( 2.9.44)
2 3
x1, y=ax+(3-2a)x +(a-2)x 2.9.73
2
x>1, y=x/[d(x-1) +x] 2.9.74
x=/c y=/f*c 2.9.75

ad -
f*c (fckfc fcm)
c f*c
u - 0.5f*c

2.9.44 -

272 |
 9

2.9.2 -
f*c(N/mm2) 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60
c(10-6) 1370 1470 1560 1640 1720 1790 1850 1920 1980 2030
a 2.21 2.15 2.09 2.03 1.96 1.90 1.84 1.78 1.71 1.65
d 0.41 0.74 1.06 1.36 1.65 1.94 2.21 2.48 2.74 3.00
u/c 4.2 3.0 2.6 2.3 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8

-( 2.9.45)
x1, y=1.2x-0.2x6 2.9.76
1.7
x>1, y=x/[t(x-1) +x] 2.9.77
x=/t y=/f*t 2.9.78

t -
f*t (ftkft ftm)
t f*t

2.9.45 -

2.9.3 -
f*t(N/mm2) 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
t(10-6) 65 81 95 107 118 128
t 0.31 0.70 1.25 1.95 2.81 3.82

| 273


10

10.1

midas Civil

1

2

midas Civil
1()()

2
3
4
5
6

10.2

midas Civil (creep)(shrinkage)(aging)

274 |
 10

10.2.1
2.10.1

2.10.1 (true elastic strain)

midas Civil

1.5~3 1/2
5

2.10.1

1
2
3
4

t 0 =1 t
J (t,t0 )

(t ) i (t0 ) c (t, t0 ) J (t, t0 ) 2.10.1

J (t, t0 ) (creep function)

| 275


2.10.2

2.10.2 J (t , t0 )
1
J (t , t0 ) C (t , t0 ) 2.10.2
E (t0 )
E (t0 ) C (t, t ) t (specific
0

creep) J (t , t0 )
1 (t , t0 )
J (t , t0 ) 2.10.3
E (t0 )
(t, t0 ) (creep coefficient)

(t , t0 ) E(t0 ) C(t, t0 ) 2.10.4

(t , t0 )
C (t , t 0 ) 2.10.5
E (t 0 )

midas Civil
(creep coefficient)
(creep function)(specific creep)
(JTJ D62-2004)
F

(aging)


2.10.4

()

276 |
 10

2.10.3

2.10.4

10.2.1
4~7 14 28 90 365
3.8 3.2 2.8 2.0 1.1

4.0 3.4 3.0 2.2 1.3

t0 t

s (t, t0 ) so f (t, t0 ) 2.10.6

so f (t , t0 ) t to

| 277


10.2.2





(non-mechanical)


midas Civil

(>>)
(>
>())

c (t, t0 ) (t, t0 ) (t0 ) 2.10.7

P E (t ) c (t , t0 )dA 2.10.8
A

(t0) t0
(t, t0 ) t0 t

t0 t

(t0 )
c (t ) C (t0 , t t0 )
t
dt0 2.10.9
0
t0

c(t) t
C(t0, t-t0)(specific creep)
t0

278 |
 10

n 1
c,n j C (t j , tn t j ) 2.10.10
j 1

tj
tn tn1 c , n

n 1 n2
c,n c ,n c ,n 1 j C (t j , tn t j ) j C t j , tn 1 t j 2.10.11
j 1 j 1

tn t j

C t j , tn t j ai t j 1 e i
m
2.10.12

i 1


ai(tj) tj
i

(2.10.12)(2.10.11)
n2
tn1 t j
n n1
t t

j ai t j e
m
c ,n i
n 1ai tn 1 1 e i 2.10.13
i 1 j 1


m n n1
t t

c ,n Ai ,n 1 e i 2.10.14

i 1

tn1 t j
n2
Ai , n j ai t j e i
n 1ai tn 1 n 2 2.10.15
j 1

tn1 tn2

Ai ,n Ai ,n 1e i
n 1ai tn 1 2.10.16

Ai ,2 1ai t1 2.10.17

Cai
i A A

| 279


midas Civil

10.2.3

1/4 1/2


midas Civil

sh (t2 , t1 ) sh (t2 , t0 ) sh (t1, t0 ) 2.10.18

sh(t2,t1) t1 t2
sh(t1,t0) t0 t1
sh(t2,t0) t0 t2

Fprimary EA sh 2.10.19

()
()

Fsec ondary EA( sh ) F Fprimary 2.10.20

10.2.4

(
)

280 |
 10

10.3

midas Civil (base stage)(construction stage)

(final stage)

1(base stage)

2(construction stage)
()()

3(final stage)

midas Civil 2.10.5
0()

2.10.5

| 281


midas Civil


(>
>)
( 0 1 )
()
()
100%
0%
""
""









2.10.6

2.10.6



midas Civil ""

282 |
 10

2.10.6

10.4

10.4.1

1
2

| 283


10.4.2





1
2


3
4

2.10.7

10.5

midas Civil

284 |
 10

10.5.1 ()


(Sag)
mono-Duo
1
2
3
4

10.5.2
N-1 N

2.10.8 X-Z

Wsi Wci i

di d
Ti Ti 1 i 1 ( i 1, 2, ..., N 1 ) 2.10.21
li li 1

| 285


d1 d d
T1 T2 2 TN N Tx 2.10.22
l1 l2 lN

Ti i-1 i
li
Tx

Y-Z

2.10.9 Y-Z

zi zi 1 z z z zi
Ti Ti 1 i 1 i Pi Gi Wci ( i 1 , 2 ,..., N 1 ) 2.10.23
li li 1 hi

Pi i hi
(2.10.23)(2.10.24) N-1

z z z z z zi
Tx i 1 i i i 1 Pi Gi Wci Wsi Wci
di di 1 hi 2.10.24
( i 1 , 2 ,..., N 1 )

Wsi Wci
zi ( i 1 , 2 ,..., N 1 ) Tx N N-1

286 |
 10

1
zN (z N z0 ) f 2.10.25
2
2

10.5.3
N-1

y yi y yi 1 yGi yi y yi
Tx i 1 i Pi Wsi Gi
di di 1 hi zGi zi 2.10.26

( i 1 , 2 ,..., N 1 )

( Tx ) y
y0 , y N N-1 yi ( i 1 , 2 ,..., N 1 ) N-1

10.5.4

2
(1)

2.10.10

| 287


2.10.11

10.5.5 ()

288 |
 10

2.10.12

| 289


11

80100cm 50cm

11.1

11.1.1


(Fourier's Law)
T
Qx kA 2.11.1
x

Qx
A
k
T

x

290 |
 11

1.21~3.11 kcal / m2 h C

11.1.2

(forced convection)(free convection)

(temperature field)

T T

q hc (T T ) 2.11.2

q T T hc

hc hn hf 5.2 3.2v (m/sec) 2.11.3

() kcal / m2 h C

11.1.3

( C )

T K (1 e t ) 2.11.4

T ( C )
K ( C )

t ()

| 291


1
g cK e t / 24 2.11.5
24
c g
kcal / m3 h t

11.1.4

T Ts ,o Tm,i Tm,o
qconv hp As (Ts Tm ) hP As s ,i 2.11.6
2 2

hp ( kcal / m2 h C )
As (m2 )
Ts ,Tm ( C )

11.1.5

11.1.6

11.1.7

CT (K H)T FQ Fh Fq 2.11.7

() C cNi N j dxdydz 2.11.8
V

292 |
 11

Ni N j Ni N j Ni N j
K k xx k yy k zz dxdydz 2.11.9
V x x y y z z

H hNi N j dSh 2.11.10
S

FQ NiQdxdydz 2.11.11
V

Fh hT Ni dSh 2.11.12
S

Fq qNi dSq 2.11.13

S

T

c
kxxkyykzz
h
Q
q

11.2

11.2.1

(JSCE, 2002)(Japanese standard, 2002)

| 293


CEB-FIP MODEL CODE

Ohzagi

CEB-FIP MODEL CODE

n 4000
teq ti exp 13.65 2.11.14
i 1 273 T (ti ) / T0

teq (days)
ti (days)
T(ti) ( C )
T0 1

(Japanese standard, 2002)

T (ti ) 10
teq ti 2.11.15
30

teq (days)
ti (days)
T(ti) ( C )

Ohzagi

n
M ti T (ti ) 10 2.11.16
i 1

0.0003(T (ti ) 10)2 0.006(T (ti ) 10) 0.55 2.11.17

M ( C )
ti (days)
T(ti) ( C )

294 |
 11

11.2.2

1(2003)
t
fcu (t ) d (i) f ck 2.11.18
a bt

ab
d(i) 91 28

2ACI CODE
t
c (t ) c (28) 2.11.19
a bteq

ab
c(28) 28

3CEB-FIP MODEL CODE

1/ 2

28
c (t ) exp s 1 c (28) 2.11.20

teq / t1

s
c(28) 28
t1 1 day

4Ohzagi
c (t ) c(28) y 2.11.21

y ax 2 bx c 2.11.22

M
x 2.389ln 1.0 2.11.23
3.5

abc
c(28) 28

| 295


11.2.3

11.2.4

11.2.5

11.3

1 > > (/) >

> () >
>
2 > (
)
3 >

4>
5

2.11.1

296 |
 11

2.11.2

2.11.3

| 297


1st Stage

2nd Stage

3rd Stage

2.11.4

298 |
 12 PSC

12 PSC

12.1

1()
()
()
()
()

2()
()
()

1()
()
()
()

2()
()
()

midas Civil
midas Civil

| 299


midas Civil

midas Civil
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

12.2

Pe 20%
15%
midas Civil

12.2.1 l1

(curvature friction)
(wobble friction) (/radian)
k

l1 con [1 e( x ) ] 2.12.1

con

(rad)

x

2.12.1 (JTJ D62-2004) 6.2.2

300 |
 12 PSC

2.12.1



0.0015 0.200.25 0.50
0.0015 0.140.17
0.0030 0.35 0.40
0.0010 0.25
0.0015 0.55 0.60

2.12.2 (TB10002.32005)
6.3.4-1
2.12.2

0.55 0.0015
0.35 0.0030
0.200.26 0.00200.0030

12.2.2 l2

(Overstressing)

midas Civil
(TB10002.32005) D

2.12.1

| 301


2.12.1

midas Civil

2.12.3 (JTJ D62-2004) 6.2.3

2.12.3
l l
6 1
4 1

6 1
1 1

2.12.4 (TB10002.32005)
6.3.4-2
2.12.4

8
4

6
1
0.05
1
1

12.2.3 l4


2.12.2




2.12.3

midas Civil

302 |
 12 PSC

Pj Pi

(a) (b) (c)

2.12.2

Pj Pi

(a) (b) (c)

2.12.3

12.2.4 l5
(relaxation)

(JTJ D62-2004) 6.2.6

F F.3
F.3

1( WireStrand )

pe
l 5 (0.52 0.26) pe 2.12.2
f pk

1.0 0.9
1.0 0.3
fpk
2( SteelBar )

| 303


l 5 0.05 con 2.12.3

l 5 0.035 con 2.12.4

con
3( F F.3)
2.12.5 F
() 2 10 20 30 40
0.5 0.61 0.74 0.87 1.00

(TB10002.32005) 6.3.4-5
6.3.4-5
2 40

l 5 con 2.12.5

con
TB05

()
a

con
0.4( 0.5) 2.12.6
f pk

b
con 0.7 f pk

con
0.125( 0.5) 2.12.7
f pk

0.7 f pk con 0.8 f pk

con
0.2( 0.575) 2.12.8
f pk

304 |
 12 PSC

c
0.5 0.035
midas Civil Magura5. CEB-FIP
5.
Magura CEB-FIP

Magura

fs log t f si
1 0.55 2.12.9
f si C f y


f si
0.55 2.12.10
fy

fsi
fs t
Fy (0.1% offset yield stress)
C 10 45

midas Civil
6
(fictitious initial prestress)

CEB-FIP

RP
f n f si DLn DLn 1 2.12.11
100

- tntn-11000 ()

1 tn ts 1 tn 1 ts
DLn ln 1 , DLn 1 ln 1 2.12.12
16 10 16 10

- 1000tntn-1500000 ()

5. Magura, D.D., Sozen, M.A., and Siess, C.P., A Study of Stress Relaxation in Prestressing Reinforcement, PCI Journal, Vol.
9, No. 2, April, 1964.

6. Kan, Y.G., Nonlinear Geometric, Material and Time Dependent Analysis of Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Frames,
Ph. D. Dissertation, Department of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, June 1977

| 305


0.2 0.2
t t t t
DLn n s , DLn 1 n 1 s 2.12.13
500000 500000

- tntn-1500000 ()

DLn DLn 1 1.0 2.12.14

fsi
RP (%)
tntn-1 nn-1 ()
ts ()

12.2.5 l6

1
2
10

12.3

midas Civil

2.12.4

306 |
 12 PSC

midas Civil
2.12.4
2.12.4 ()

2.12.4 Pi Pj i j
( px , my , pz )

pxi p i cos i
pzi p i sin i 2.12.15
m p e
i
y
i
x
i
z

pxj p j cos j
pzj p j sin j 2.12.16
m p e
j
y x
j
z
j

F x pxi wxl pxj 0

F z pzi wz l pzj 0
2.12.17
l2
M yj miy pzi l wz 2 myj myl 0
pxj pxi
wx
l
p pzj
i
wz z 2.12.18
l
l my my
i j

m y p wz
i
z
2 l
midas Civil

| 307


13

midas Civil
1
2

()


midas Civil


midas Civil -Z
()
midas Civil 2.13.1

2.13.1

midas Civil
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

308 |
 13

13.1

(
)

13.1.1
2.13.1

ECC
(-)
ECC
(+)

---- :
:

b
2.13.1

| 309


z Z x
Z
(
)




1/41/23/4
2m

13.1.2

2.13.2
()

:
:
:

2.13.2

310 |
 13

13.2

midas Civil

2.13.2 midas Civil

CH-CD

CH-CL ( I
(JTG B01-2003)

CH-RQ
II )

-10 QC-10

-15 QC-15

-20 QC-20

- 20 QC-C20
(JTJ 001-97)
-50 LD-50 ()

-80 GC-80

-100 GC-100

-120 GC-120

CH-SL TB10002.1-2005

(TB10002.1-99) CH-NL 99


ZK () CH-HL

-A C-AL

-B C-BL
(CJJ 77-98)
-A C-AD 2~20m

-B C-BD 20~150m

/()

| 311


2.13.3 midas Civil

H15-44, HS15-44, H15-44L, HS15-44L

AASHTO Standard
H20-44, HS20-44, H20-44L, HS20-44L, AML

AASHTO LRFD HL-93TRK, HL-93TDM, HS20-FTG

P5, P7, P9, P11, P13, P15

Caltrans Standard
Permit Load(user defined)

PHL-93TRK, PHL-93TDM, PHS20-FTGP-82
PENNDOT
ML-80TK-527

CE-80(Cooper E80 Train Load)

UIC80(UIC80 Train Load)M1600S1600

BS5400 HA & HB
BD37/01 HAHBHA & HBPedestrain

BS EN 1991-2.2003 Load Model 1~4, Fatigue Load Model

EN 1991-2.2003

CL-625 TruckCL-625 LaneCL1-625-ONT

Truck
CAN/CSA-S6-00 CL1~3-625-ONT Lane(A)
CL1~3-625-ONT Lane(B)
CL1~3-625-ONT Lane(C or D)

Class AClass BClass 70RClass 40RClass

IRC: 6-2000 AA
Footway

DB-24, DB-18, DB-13.5, DL-24, DL-18, DL-13.5

L-25, L-22, L-15, S-25, S-22, S-18, S-15

HL
EL-25, EL-22, EL-18

312 |
 13

a(P)

A # #
B W A2 A4
B W A1 A3
b(W)

2.13.3

2.13.4

| 313


midas Civil
()
1

( 2.13.5)

2.13.5

2()
1( 2.13.6)

314 |
 13

2.13.6

3 1

( 2.13.7)

| 315


2.13.7

2.13.4 midas Civil ()

(JTG B01-2003)



(JTJ 001-97)
(TB10002.1-

99)

(CJJ 77-98)

() (GB50157-2003)
80kN()

316 |
 13

13.3

midas Civil

1. (JTG B01-2003)(JTJ 001-97)

()
()
1(6.0.6 )
2.13.5
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1.00 0.78 0.67 0.60 0.55 0.52 0.50

2(6.0.7 )
2.13.6
L0(m)
150< L0 <400 0.97
400 L0 <600 0.96
600 L0 <800 0.95
800 L0 <1000 0.94
L0 1000 0.93

2. (TB10002.1-99)
4.3.9

2.13.7
2 3
0.90 0.80

75%

3. (CJJ 77-98)

| 317


4.1.6 (
)
2.13.8
1 2 3 4 5 6
1.00 1.00 0.80 0.67 0.60 0.55

13.4

midas Civil (JTJ 001-97)

midas Civil

13.5

midas Civil
(>>())

1

1 3 1 2

13.6

midas Civil (>>

>)

318 |
 14

14

midas Civil

Z
10

| 319


15

midas Civil
1

2

15

320 |
 16

16

2.16.1
midas Civil
(equality condition)
n

(inequality condition)(object function)( Xi )

n i 1

( X )( Max( X1 ,
2
i X2 , Xn ) )
i 1

2.16.1(a)
2.16.1(b)
2.16.1(c)B C (+)

2.16.1(a) A B

1
2()
3

M A1P1 M A2 P2 M AD M A 2.16.1

M B1P1 M B 2 P2 M BD M B 2.16.2

MAi Pi A
MBi Pi B
MAD A
MBD B
MA P1P2 A
MB P1P2 B

4
1
P1 M A1 M A2 M A M AD
2.16.3
P2 M B1 M B 2 M B M BD
2.16.1(c)

| 321


1
2()
3

A1T1 A2T2 A3T3 AD A 2.16.4

B1T1 B2T2 B3T3 BD 0 2.16.5

C1T1 C 2T2 C 3T3 CD 0 2.16.6

Ti 0 (i 1,2,3) 2.16.7

A1 Ti A
B1 Ti B
C1 Ti C
AD A
BD B
CD C
A A

4
midas Civil (object function)midas Civil

a A M1B M2 P1P2

322 |
 16

b ADG

BCFF P1P2

c A A

B C 0 T1T2T3

2.16.1

| 323


324 |
 Part3 midas Civil

Part3 midas Civil

| 325


326 |
 1 RC

1 RC

1.1 RC

1.1.1 -

1.

(JTG D62-2004) 7.2.4-1

M tk x0
t
cc 0.80 f ck 3.1.1
I cr

M tk
x0

Icr x0

f ck f cu
JTG D62-2004 3.1.3

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.1

(1). Sig_MAX

| 327


(2). Sig_ALW
f ck 0.8 f ck
f ck 0.8 f ck
excel
(3).
6
62=12

(4). My_MAXMy_MIN

(5).
(6).

328 |
 1 RC

1.1.2 -

3.

(JTG D62-2004) 7.2.4-2

M tk (h0i x0 )
sit ES 0.75 f sk 3.1.2
I cr

sit i
M tk
h0i i
x0

Icr x0

fsk JTG D62-2004 3.2.2-1

4.
midas Civil -

3.1.2

(1).
RC RC Rbar-
(2). Sig_DL Sig_LL
Sig_ADL Sig_ALL

| 329


3.1.3

(3). Sig_DL CS

(4). Sig_LL

(5).

330 |
 1 RC

1.1.3 -

1.

(JTG D62-2004) 7.2.5
tp
t

Vkt
tpt f tk 3.1.3
bz 0

Vkt
b T I
Z0

f tk

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.4

(1). Sig-M Sig-ML

Sig-MR
Sig-MAX=maxSig-MSig-MLSig-MRCS
7.2.5
t
Vk
(2). Sig-ALW
f tk 0.8 f tk
Excel

| 331


1.1.4 -

1.
- JTG D62-2004 6.4.16.4.4
1

2
0.20mm
0.15mm
3T I Wfk

ss 30 d
W fk C1C2C3 3.1.4
Es 0.28 10
(mm)

As Ap
3.1.5
bh0 (b f b)h f

C1 C1=1.4C1=1.0
C2 C2=1+0.5N1/NS N1 NS


C3
C3=1.15 C3=1.0 C3=1.2
C3=1.1 C3=0.9
ss JTG D62-2004 6.4.4
d mmd
de d e ni d i / ni d i
2

ni i di i

di
dpe d pe nd n
d
d de 1.3

>0.02 =0.02
<0.006 =0.006

332 |
 1 RC

As
bf
hf

d de 1.25

4 as

Ns
ss 3.1.6
As

3.1.7

As

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.5

Ms
(1). Sig_SS ss
0.87 As h0
(2). W_tk 6.4.3-1
C1 C2
C2 C2=1+0.5M1/Ms
C2

| 333


d
6.4.3 d
(3). W_AC RC
JTG
D62-2004 6.4
0.2mm 0.15mm

(4). /


(5).
(6). MY-MAX
My

334 |
 1 RC

1.1.5 -

1.

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.6

(1). Mj Ag_REQ_T
Ag_REQ_B Ag_USE_T
Ag_USE_B
(2).

| 335


1.1.6 -

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.2.11 60%
5.7.2-2

Vcs 1 2 3 0.45103 bh0 (2 0.6P f cu ,k sv f sv 3.1.8

sv sv b Sv
Asv,req

Vcs 0.6Vd 1 2 3 0.45 103 bh0 2 0.6P f cu ,k sv f sv 3.1.9

Asv,req sv,req b sv 3.1.10

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.7

(1). Vj Ag_REQ
Ag_USE
(2). 9.3.13 sv=Asv/Sv
b


(3).

336 |
 1 RC

1.1.7 -

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.2.15.2.5

b 3.1.1 5.2.1
3.1.1 b

C50 C55C60 C65C70 C75C80

R235 0.62 0.60 0.58
HRB335 0.56 0.54 0.52
HRB400KL400 0.53 0.51 0.49
0.40 0.38 0.36 0.35
0.40 0.38 0.36

1 b
2b=xb/h0xb

1 T

x
0 M d f cd bx h0 f sd As (h0 as ) ( f pd p 0 ) Ap (h0 ap ) 3.1.11
2

f sd As f pd Ap f cd bx f sd As ( f pd
p 0 ) Ap 3.1.12

x b h0 3.1.13

( f pd p 0 )

x 2a 3.1.14

( f pd' 'p 0 )

x 2as 3.1.15

| 337


0 JTG D62-2004 5.1.5

Md
fcd JTG D62-2004 3.1.4
f sd f sd' JTG D62-
2004 3.2.3-1
f pd JTG
'
f pd D62-2004 3.2.3-2
As As'
Ap A '
p

b T
h0 h0=h-a h
'
a a

'
a
s ap
'

p 0
JTG D62-2004 6.1.5-2
JTG D62-2004 6.1.5-5 6.1.5 2
Md JTG
D62-2004 5.1.5

2 T I

1

f sd As f pd Ap f cd bf hf f sd As ( f pd
p 0 ) Ap 3.1.16

bf JTG D62-2004 5.2.2

2 1

x h
0 M d f cd bx h0 bf b)hf (h0 f )
2 2

f sd As (h0 as ) ( f pd p 0 ) Ap (h0 ap ) 3.1.17

338 |
 1 RC

x JTG D62-2004 5.2.2-

35.2.2-45.2.2-5

f sd As f pd Ap f cd [bx bf b)hf ] f sd As ( f pd p 0 ) Ap 3.1.18

h 'f T I
T I JTG D62-2004 4.2.2
'
b f

33.1.18

4 JTG D62-2004 5.2.2-4

5.2.2-5
1

0 M d f pd Ap (h a p a ) f sd As (h as a ) 3.1.19

0 M d f pd Ap (h a p as ) f sd As (h as as ) ( f pd p 0 ) Ap (ap as )
3.1.20

s p

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.8

(1). Mu Mn Mu
Mn

| 339


1.11.00.9

(2).
b
(3). /

340 |
 1 RC

1.1.8 -

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.2.75.2.10

1T I

0Vd Vcs Vsb V pb 3.1.21

Vcs 1 2 3 0.45 103 bh0 (2 0.6P f cu ,k sv f sv 3.1.22

Vsb 0.75 10 3 f sd Asb sin s 3.1.23

V pb 0.75 10 3 f pd Apb sin p 3.1.24

Vd
kN

3
Vcs kN
Vsb kN
Vpb kN
1
1=1.0
1=0.9

2 2=1.0
2=1.25
2=1.0
3 3=1.1
b mm T I
mm
h0
mm
P P=100=Ap+ Apb+ As
/bh0 P>2.5 P=2.5

| 341


fcu,k 150mm MPa

sv sv =Asv/svb
fsv JTG D62-2004 3.2.3-1
Asv mm2
sv mm
AsbApb
2
mm
sp

13.1.22 sv fsv pv pdpv pd

23.1.21 Vd JTG
D62-2004 5.1.5
3

Md
Vd Vcd tan 3.1.25
h0

Vcd Md
h0
-+

2 C

C 0.6mh0 3.1.26

Vd m=Md/Vdh0 m>3.0
m=0.3
Md

3 T I

342 |
 1 RC

0Vd 0.5110 3 f cu ,k bh0 (kN ) 3.1.27

Vd kN
b mm T I
mm
h0
mm

4T I

0Vd 0.50 10 3 2 f td bh0 (kN ) 3.1.28

JTG D62-2004 9.3.13

ftd JTG D62-2004 3.1.4

3.1.28 1.25

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.9

(1). 5.2.9
OKNG
5.2.9

| 343


(2). 5.2.10

5.2.7
(3).
Asv sv 0 Vcs=0
Vsb
(4). /
h0

344 |
 1 RC

1.1.9 -

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.5.15.5.5
1

f sv Asv1 Acor
0Td 0.35 f tdW t1.2 3.1.29
Sv

f sd Ast Sv
3.1.30
f sv Asv1U cor

0.6 1.7 > 1.7 = 1.7

ep0 h/6 1.7 3.1.29
0.05Np0Wt/A0 = 1.7 ep0 > h/6 < 1.7

Td

0.1b t2 0.25b 0.1h t1 0.25h
=4t2/b =4t1/b t2>0.25b t1>0.25h
=1.0 =1.0
b
h
t1
t2
ftd
Wt JTG D62-2004 5.5.2

Asv1
fsv JTG D62-2004 3.2.3-1
Acor Acor=bcorhcorbcor hcor

Ucor Ucor=2(bcor+hcor)
Sv
ep0
JTG D62-2004 6.1.6-2

| 345


p 0 p 0 JTG D62-2004 6.1.5-2

JTG D62-2004 6.1.5-5
Np0
JTG D62-2004 6.1.6-1
p 0 p 0 JTG D62-2004
6.1.5-2 6.1.5-5 Np0 > 0.3fcdA0 Np0 = 0.3fcdA0
A0
2
a

b2
Wt (3h b) 3.1.31
6
b

b2 (b 2t1 ) 2
Wt (3h b) [3(h 2t 2 ) (b 2t1 )] 3.1.32
6 6

0Vd 0Td
0.51103 f cu ,k kN/mm2 3.1.33
bh0 Wt

0Vd 0Td
0.50 103 2 f td kN/mm2 3.1.34
bh0 W t

JTG D62-2004 9.3.14

Vd kN
Td kNmm
b
mm
h0 mm
Wt mm3

3.1.34 2 JTG D62-2004 5.2.7 JTG D62-2004

5.5.1 2=1

346 |
 1 RC

4

(10 2t )
0Vd 1 23 bh0 (2 0.6P) f cu ,k svf sv ( N ) 3.1.35
20

N p0 f sv Asv1 Acor
0Td t (0.35 f td 0.05 )W t1.2 ( N mm) 3.1.36
A0 Sv

1.5
t
VW 3.1.37
1 0.5 d t
Td bh0

t t < 0.5 t = 0.5
t > 1.0 t = 1.0
Wt Wt
b

13.1.35 2=13.1.36
2

5T I

Wtw
Twd Td 3.1.38
Wt

Wtf
T fd Td 3.1.39
Wt

Wtf
T fd Td 3.1.40
Wt

| 347


Td T I
Twd
Tfd T fd'
Wtw Wtf' Wtf
Wt T I

2
a. JTG D62-2004 5.5.2
b.

hf 2
Wtf (bf b) 3.1.41
2

h 2f
Wtf (b f b) 3.1.42
2

b 'f h 'f T I
bf b 6hf
bfhf I bfb+6hf

3
a. T

Wt Wtw Wtf
3.1.43

b. I
Wt Wtw Wtf Wtf 3.1.44

4T I
JTG D62-2004 5.5.4 Td Wt Twd Wtw
JTG D62-2004 5.5.1
5.5.1-1 Td Wt T fd Wtf Tfd Wtf
5T I JTG D62-2004
5.5.3

2.

348 |
 1 RC

midas Civil -

3.1.10

(1). 5.5.1-15.5.1-2
<0.6 =0.6
>1.7 =1.7
(2). 5.5.4-15.5.4-3
Wt Wt
(3). 5.5.3-1
5.5.3-1OKNG
5.5.3-1
(4). 5.5.3-2
5.5.3-2
5.5.4-2
(5). T-MaxV-Max V-Min

| 349


1.1.10 -

1.
- JTG D62-2004 6.4.16.4.5
1

2
0.20mm
0.15mm
3T I Wfk

ss 30 d
W fk C1C2C3 3.1.45
Es 0.28 10
(mm)

As Ap
3.1.46
bh0 (b f b)h f

C1 C1=1.4C1=1.0
C2 C2=1+0.5N1/NS N1 NS


C3
C3=1.15 C3=1.0 C3=1.2
C3=1.1 C3=0.9
ss JTG D62-2004 6.4.4
d mmd
de d e ni d i / ni d i
2

ni i di i

di
dpe d pe nd n
d
d de 1.3

>0.02 =0.02
<0.006 =0.006

350 |
 1 RC

As
bf
hf

d de 1.25

4 as

N s es
ss 3.1.47
As (h0 as )

N s (es z )
ss 3.1.48
As z

h0 2
z [0.87 0.12(1 f )( ) ]h0 3.1.49
es

es s e0 ys 3.1.50

(bf b)hf
f 3.1.51
bh0

l l
s 1 ( 0 )2 3.1.52
4000e0 / h0 h

As


es
es
Z

| 351


s l0/h14 s =1.0
ys
'f
b'f h 'f 3.1.51 hf 0.2h0
hf 0.2h0
NsMs

ss d
W fk C1C2 [0.03 (0.004 1.52C )] (mm) 3.1.53
Es

Ns s e0
2
ss [59.42 (2.80 1.0) 1.65] 3
( MPa) 3.1.54
r 2 f cu ,k r

Ns N
C1 C1=1.4C1=1.0
C2 JTG D62-2004 1.1.10.3

ss 3.1.54

d mm
2
=As/r
C mm
r mm
s JTG D62-2004 1.1.10.4-
8 h 2r h0 r+rs l0/2r14
s=1.0
e0 Ns mm
fcu,k 150mm
MPa
rs mm
l0 5.3.1

352 |
 1 RC

2.
midas Civil -

3.1.11

(1). Sig_SS
RC
6.4.4-16.4.4-36.4.4-
46.4.5-2

(2). 6.4.5-1

(3). W_AC RC

| 353


1.1.11 -

1.

2.
midas Civil

3.1.12

(1). FX-MAX
FX
Nd
Myd y
Mzd z
Ag_REQ_T/
Ag_REQ_L/
Ag_USE_T/
Ag_USE_L/
(2).

(3).

354 |
 1 RC

1.1.12 -/

1.
- / JTG D62-2004
5.3.1~5.3.10
(1)

0 N d 0.90 ( f cd A f sd As ) 3.1.55

Nd
JTG D62-2004 5.3.1
A 3%A An A As
As

(2)
As0 25% 80mm dcor/5
l0/i48
0 N d 0.90( f cd Acor f sd As kf cd Aso ) 3.1.56

Acor
Aso
dcor
k C50 2.0C50~C80
2.0~1.70

(5.3.2-1)
(5.3.1)
5.3.1
(5.3.2-1)(5.3.1)
1.5

(3)
a. 5.3.1
b. 5.3.10
c. e0/h0>0.3
x

| 355


x
f cd bx e h0 s As e f sd As e 3.1.57
2

s f sd x
x b h0 x

x b h0 x 2as

N n f cd bx f cd As f sd As 3.1.58

d. e0 / h0<0.3
fsd5.3.4-1
si=cuEs(hoi/x-1) cu hoi=h-
asi i asi i

x si

x f cd bes h0 x 2 cu Es As es f sd As es x cu Es hoi As es 0
f cd b 3
2
3.1.59
3 x x bh0

1 xbh0 x 5.3.4-1 si
2 xbh0 s=fsd
3 x>h x=h 5.3.4-1
si

N n f cd bx f sd As s As 3.1.60

356 |
 1 RC

2.
midas Civil -/

3.1.13 /

(1). -Fxmin Nd
5.1.5 e
As Ap e'
As' Ap'
(2). N n 0.90 f cd A f sd As
l0 l0
A 3%A
An A As
(3). -Fxmin(My) Nd -Mymin
My -Mymax My

(4).
y

| 357


1.1.13 -/

1.
-/ JTG D62-2004 5.4.1
5.4.2
1

0 N d f sd As f pd Ap 3.1.61

AsAp

2
1 As Ap As Ap

0 N d e f sd As (h0 as ) f pd Ap (h0 ap ) 3.1.62

0 N d e f sd As (h0 as ) f pd Ap (h0 a p ) 3.1.63

(2 As Ap As Ap

0 N d f sd As f pd Ap f sd' As' ( f pd' p 0 )Ap f cd bx 3.1.64

x
0 Nd e f cd bx(h0 ) f sd' As' (h0 a's ) ( f pd
'
p 0 ) Ap (h0 a'p ) 3.1.65
2
x JTGD62-2004 5.2.2-3
x JTG D62-2004 5.2.2-4 5.2.2-5
JTG D62-2004 5.2.5-15.2.5-2 M d N d e N d es

358 |
 1 RC

2.
midas Civil -/

3.1.14 /

(1). -Fxmax Nd
5.1.5 e
As Ap e'
As' Ap'
(2). -Fxmax(My) Nd -Mymin
My -Mymax My


y

| 359


1.2 RC

JTGD622004
RC RC
1
2
3 RC

3.1.15

4 RC

360 |
 1 RC

3.1.16 RC /

5 RC

3.1.17 RC

6 RC

| 361


3.1.18 RC

7 RC RC RC

3.1.19 RC

3.1.20 RC

362 |
 1 RC

8 RC RC RC

3.1.21 RC

| 363


1.3 RC

1 RC JTG04RC
[] RC

3.1.22 RC

2 RC
/RC

3.1.23 RC

364 |
 1 RC

3.1.24 RC

3.1.25

| 365


4


5/
>>

3.1.26

6RC RC
>RC >RC RC

3.1.27 RC

366 |
 1 RC

3.1.28 RC

7RC >>
[] RC

3.1.29

| 367


3.1.30

8RC
9 RC >>

RC

3.1.31

368 |
 1 RC

3.1.32

10

11
+

3.1.33

12 JTGD60-2004

0.4 / 1 0.7 / 1

| 369


2 PSC

2.1 PSC

2.1.1

1.
(JTG
D62-2004) 7.2.77.2.8

JTG D62-2004 6.1.5 7.1.3
1


cc
t

0.70f ck 3.2.1

1 ctt 0.70f tk 0.2%
2 ctt 1.15f tk 0.4%
3 0.70f tk ctt <1.15f tk
ctt 1.15f tk

cct ctt

f ck f tk f cu
JTG D62-2004
3.1.3

370 |
 2 PSC

2.
midas Civil

3.2.1 PSC

(1). CS
6.1.4
(2). 0.7 f ck f ck 0.8 f ck

f ck 0.8 f ck excel

(3). 1.15 f tk f tk 0.8 f tk
f tk 0.8 f tk excel

(4). Sig_TLSig_TRSig_BRSig_BLSig_TSig_B
1~4 6
(5). Sig_MAX=maxSig_TLSig_TRSig_BR
Sig_BL Sig_T Sig_B Sig_MAX=min Sig_TL
Sig_TRSig_BRSig_BLSig_TSig_B
(6). /
(7).
(8).

| 371


2.1.2

1.
JTG D62-2004 6.1.37.1.5
1 con

con 0.75f pk 3.2.2

con 0.90f pk 3.2.3

fpk JTG D62-2004 3.2.2-2

2
1

pe p 0.65 fpk 3.2.4

po p 0.65 fpk 3.2.5

pe p 0.80 fpk 3.2.6

po p 0.80 fpk 3.2.7

pe JTG D62-2004 3.2.2-2

p0

372 |
 2 PSC

2.
midas Civil

3.2.2 PSC

(1). Sig_DL
Sig_LL
B
(2). Sig_ADL Sig_ALL

(3).

| 373


2.1.3

1.
JTG D62-2004 6.3.16.3.2
1
1

st 0.85 pc 0 3.2.8

st 0.80 pc 0 3.2.9

2A

st pc 0.7 ftk 3.2.10

lt pc 0 3.2.11

st
JTG D62-2004 6.3.2-1
lt
JTG D62-2004 6.3.2-2
pc
JTG D62-2004 6.1.5
ftk JTG D62-2004 3.1.3

2.
midas Civil

3.2.3 PSC

374 |
 2 PSC

(1). M1Ms
W0
(2). 1t


(3). 6.3.1-16.3.1-2
A 6.3.1-36.3.1-4

(4). Sig_MAX=minSig_TLSig_TRSig_BRSig_BL
Sig_TSig_B
(5). Sig_ALW
JTG D62-2004 6.3.1
(6).
6
6*2=12

(7). Sig_MAX

| 375


2.1.4

1.
JTG D62-2004 6.3.16.3.2
1 tp
1

tp 0.6 f tk (3.2.12)

tp 0.4 f tk (3.2.13)

2A B

tp 0.7 f tk (3.2.14)

tp 0.5 f tk (3.2.15)

tp
JTG D62-2004 6.3.3
ftk JTG D62-2004 3.1.3

2.
midas Civil

3.2.4 PSC

(1). 6.3.1-2
(2). tp 6.3.3-1~6.3.3-4
(3). 6.3.1-56.3.1-6
A B 6.3.1-76.3.1-
8
(4). Sig_P1~Sig_P10 1~10 PSC
Sig_MAX=minSig_P1~Sig_P10
(5). Sig_AP
JTG D62-2004 6.3.1

376 |
 2 PSC

2.1.5

1.
JTG D62-2004 7.1.5
1
1

kc pt 0.5 fck 3.2.16

cc 0.5 fck 3.2.17

kc
cc
pt
fck JTG D62-2004 3.1.3

2.
midas Civil

3.2.5 PSC

(1). 7.1.5-1
(2). pt 6.1.5
c 7.1.3-17.1.4-1

(3). kc pt 0.5 f ck
cc 0.5 f ck
(4). Sig_MAX=maxSig_TLSig_TRSig_BRSig_BL
Sig_TSig_B
(5). Sig_ALW
JTG D62-2004 7.1.5

| 377


2.1.6

1.
JTG D62-2004 7.1.6

cp 0.6 fck 3.2.18

2.
midas Civil

3.2.6 PSC

(1). cp
6.3.3-1~6.3.3-4
(2). cp 0.6 f ck 7.1.6-1
(3). Sig_MAX=maxSig_P1~Sig_P10
(4). Sig_AP
JTG D62-2004 7.1.6

378 |
 2 PSC

2.1.7

1.
JTG D62-2004 6.4.16.4.4

1B

2B JTG D62-2004
6.4.2
3B Wfk

ss 30 d
Wfk C1C2C3 (mm) (3.2.19)
Es 0.28 10

As Ap
(3.2.20)
bh0 bf b hf

C1
C2
C3
ss JTG D62-2004 6.4.4
d mm

bf
hf

2.
midas Civil

3.2.7 PSC

(1). W_tk 6.4.3-1

C1=1.4

| 379


d d
6.4.3 d
(2). Sig_T Sig_B Sig_SS
6.4.4-96.4.4-10
(3). W_AC PSC

(4). /


(5).
0

380 |
 2 PSC

2.1.8
midas Civil

3.2.8 PSC

(1). Mj JTG04
Ag_REQ Ag_USE

(2). JTG04 5.2.2-15.2.3-2
x
5.2.2-25.2.3-15.2.3-3

Md h0
(3). /
Mj>0
0
(4).

| 381


2.1.9
midas Civil

3.2.9 PSC

(1). Mg1 Msum

Mj JTG04
ey
Ny
Ay
(2).
2000 2-5-3

382 |
 2 PSC

2.1.10

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.2.25.2.5

1 T

x
0 M d fcd bx h0 fsd As h0 as f pd p0
AP (h0 ap ) (3.2.21)
2

0
Md
fcd
fsd f sd
f pd f pd
As As
ApAp
b T
h0 h0=h-a h
a a

a
as p
p0
2 T I

1 bf JTG D62-2004
5.2.2

fsd As f pd Ap f cd bfhf f sd As f pd p0
Ap (3.2.22)

23.2.22

x h
0 M d f cd bx h0 bf b hf h0 f
2 2 (3.2.23)
f sd As h0 as f pd p0
AP (h0 ap )

| 383


hf T I
bf T I

2.
midas Civil

3.2.10 PSC

(1). Mu
1.11.0
0.9 M>0
Mn M<0 Mn
(2).
b

384 |
 2 PSC

2.1.11

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.2.75.2.10

1T I

0Vd Vcs Vsb Vpb (3.2.24)

Vcs 123 0.45 10-3 bh0 2 0.6P fcu, k sv fsv (3.2.25)

Vsb 0.75 10-3 fsd Asb sin s (3.2.26)

Vpb 0.75 10-3 f pd Apb sin p (3.2.27)

Vd
Vcs
Vsb
Vpb
1
2
3
b T I
h0

P
fcu,k 150mm

sv
fsv
Asv
sv
AsbApb

| 385


sp

2 C

C 0.6mh0 (3.2.28)

m m=Md/Vdh0 m >3.0 m
=3.0
Md

3T I

0Vd 0.51 10-3 f cu,k bh0 (3.2.29)

Vd
Md
T I
b

h0

4T I

0Vd 0.50 10-3 2 f td f cu,k bh0 (3.2.30)

JTG D62-2004 9.3.13

ftd

386 |
 2 PSC

2.
midas Civil

3.2.11 PSC

(1). 5.2.9
OKNG
5.2.9
(2). 5.2.10

5.2.7-1

(3). 5.2.7-25.2.7-4 B
5.2.7-2 2=1.0
(4).
Asv sv 0 Vcs=0
Vsb Vpb
Asb 0 Vsb=0
Vpb
(5). /
h0

| 387


2.1.12

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.5.15.5.5

1
fsv Asv1 Acor
0Td 0.35a f tdWt 1.2 (3.2.31)
Sv

fsd Ast Sv
(3.2.32)
fsv Asv1U cor

Td

a
b
h
t1
t2
ftd
Wt
Asv1
fsv
Ast
fsd
Acor
Ucor
Sv
ep0
Np0

0 Vd 1 2 3
10 - 2 t bh 2 0.6P f cu, k sv f sv N
0 3.2.33
20

388 |
 2 PSC

N
0Td t 0.35a f td 0.05 p0 Wt 1.2 sv sv1 cor N.mm
f A A
3.2.34
A0 Sv

1.5
t
V W 3.2.35
1 0.5 d t
Td bh 0

t
Wt
b

3T I

2.
midas Civil

3.2.12 PSC

(1). 5.5.3-1
5.5.3-1OK
NG5.5.3-1
(2). 5.5.3-2
5.5.3-2
5.5.4-2
(3). 5.5.1-15.5.1-2
<0.6 =0.6
>1.7 =1.7
(4). 5.5.4-15.5.4-3
Wt aWt
(5). /

| 389


2.1.13

1.
JTG D62-2004 5.3.35.3.10

1

0 N d f cd bx fsd As f pd p0
Ap s As p Ap (3.2.36)

x
0 Nd e fcd bx h0 fsd As h0 as f pd p0
Ap h0 ap (3.2.37)
2
h
e e0 a (3.2.38)
2

e As Ap

e0
Md
h0

2 T I
JTG D62-2004 5.3.6

3
a) 5.3.1
b) 5.3.10
c) e0/h0>0.3
x

x
f cd bx e h0 s As e f sd
As e 3.2.39)
2

s f sd x
x b h0 x

x b h0 x 2as

390 |
 2 PSC

Nn f cd bx f cd As fsd As (3.2.40)

d) e0/h0<0.3

fsd5.3.4-1
h
si cu Es oi 1 cu
x

hoi h asi i asi i

x si

f cd b 3
2

x f cd bes h0 x 2 cu Es As es f sd As es x cu Es hoi As es 0 3.2.41)

3 x x b h0

1) x b h0 x 5.3.4-1 si
2) x b h0 s f sd
3) x>h x=h 5.3.4-1
si

Nn fcdbx fsd As s As (3.2.42)

2.
midas Civil

3.2.13 PSC

(1). 5.3.1 l0
A
3%A An A As

| 391


(2). -Fxmin(My) N d -Mymin

My -Mymax My

(3).
y

392 |
 2 PSC

2.2 PSC

1
2
3 PSC

3.2.14

4 PSC

| 393


3.2.15 PSC

5 PSC

3.2.16 PSC

394 |
 2 PSC

6 PSC

3.2.17 PSC

7 PSC

3.2.18 PSC

8 PSC

3.2.19 PSC

| 395


2.3 PSC

1 PSC JTG04RC

3.2.20

2

3 PSC
PSC

3.2.21 PSC

396 |
 2 PSC

6 PSC

3.2.22 PSC

7 PSC
PSC
8
PSC
PSC

3.2.23

| 397


9 PSC >>

PSC

3.2.24

10


11
+

3.2.25

12 JTG D60-2004

0.4 1 0.7 1


13 PSC
B

14 PSC
/

398 |
 2 PSC

15 PSC

16 PSC

17 PSC
5.2.7-35.2.7-4
5.2.7-1

18 PSC

19 PSC

PSC

| 399


3.1

3.1.1

1.
JTG/T B02-01-20087.2.2
7.3.1
1 E1
JTG D62-2004 B C D
2

2.
midas Civil

3.3.1

(1). E1 E2
(2). -Fxmin rNd

(3). Nn 0.90 f cd A fsd As l0
A
3%A An A As
(4). -Fxmin(My)-Mymin
-Mymax
Nd

400 |
 3

(5).
y

(6).

| 401


3.1.2

1.
JTG/T B02-01-20087.2.1

1 E1

2 6.9
BC

2.
midas Civil

3.3.2

402 |
 3

3.1.3

1.
JTG/T B02-01-20087.2.1
7.2.27.3.5
1 E1
JTG D62-2004
2JTG/T B02-01-2008 6.8

JTG D63
3 E2 E2

2.
midas Civil

3.3.3

(1). JTG D6320074.2.2

Cb1~Cb4

(2). Fa R
JTG D632007 3.3.6
fa<150kpa R=1 fa150kpa R=1.25

| 403


3.1.4

1.
JTG/T B02-01-2008
7.2.27.3.6
1 E1
JTG D62-2004
2JTG/T B02-01-2008 6.8

JTG D62 8.2.4

0 M d fsd As z 3.3.1

l
z 0.75 0.05 h0 0.5x 3.3.2
h

Md
fsd
As
z
x
h0

2.
midas Civil

3.3.4

(1). E1 D E2 BC
E1 E2 E2
6.8.3

404 |
 3

(2). E1 E2
JTG04 0 M d f sd As z
8.2.4-1
(3). E2 M po 0 M hcs M G 6.8.3
M hcs P-M
M hcs
7.3.6

(4). /
(5).

| 405


3.1.5

1.
JTG/T B02-01-2008
7.2.27.3.6
1 E1
JTG D62-2004
2JTG/T B02-01-2008 6.8

JTG D62 8.2.5

l
14 h
0Vd a1 3
10 bh0 2 0.6 P f cu,k sv fsv 3.3.3
20

Vd
a1
P
sv
fsv
b
h0

2.
midas Civil

3.3.5

(1). E1 D E2 BC
E1 E2 E2
6.8.4

406 |
 3

(2). E1 E2

JTG D628.2.6
M Rpc M Lpc
(3). E2 VC0 0 6.8.4
L0

R L
M pc M pc JTG04

7.3.6

(4). JTG D62 8.2.5
8.2.5 OK
NG8.2.5

| 407


3.1.6

1.
JTG/T B02-01-2008
7.3.3
1 E2
JTG D62-2004 B C

a T

x
0 M d fcd bx h0 fsd As h0 as f pd p0
AP (h0 ap ) (3.3.4)
2

0
Md
fcd
f sd f sd
f pd f pd
As As
Ap Ap
b T
h0 h0 = h-a h
a a

a
as p
p0

b) T I

1 bf JTG D62-2004
5.2.2

fsd As f pd Ap f cd bfhf f sd As f pd p0
Ap (3.3.5)

23.3.5

408 |
 3

x hf
0 M d f cd bx h0 bf b hf h0
2 2 (3.3.6)
f sd As h0 as f pd p0
AP (h0 ap )

hf T I
bf T I

2.
midas Civil

3.3.6

(1). E1 E2 BC

JTG D62-2004 5.2.25.2.5
(2). Mu Mn Mu
Mn
(3).
b

| 409


3.1.7

1.
JTG/T B02-01-2008
7.3.3
1 E2
JTG D62-2004 B C

0 N d 0.90 f cd A fsd As (3.3.7)

Nd

A
As

2.
midas Civil

3.3.7

(1). E1 E2 BC

JTG04 5.3
(2).

410 |
 3

3.1.8

1.
JTG/T
B02-01-2008 7.3.4

Vc0 0.0023 f cAe Vs (3.3.8)

Vc0
f c
Vs
Ae
Ak
Sk
fyh
b

2.
midas Civil

3.3.8

(1). E2
(2). 6.8.2-16.8.2-4

M zc
s
M zcx M hc
s
M hc
x
P-M


(3). Ae Dc

(4). Fz Fy

| 411


3.1.9

1.
JTG/T B02-01-2008
7.2.3-17.5.1-1
D
XE
t XE (3.3.9)
tan

X E ad X D X H (3.3.10)

t
tan
XD E1
XH
ad 2.3

E2
X0
t tan X0 (3.3.11)

t
tan
X0 E2

2.
midas Civil

3.3.9

412 |
 3

(1). E1 E2
X E d X D X H 7.2.3-2
(2).
DX
X D
DX X H
(3).
DY
X D
DY X H
(4). t
X E tOK
NG

| 413


3.1.10

1.
JTG/T B02-
01-2008 7.2.3-17.5.1-2
1D

d Rb Ehzh (3.3.12)

Ehzh ad Ehze Ehzd (3.3.13)

d
Ehzh
Rb
Ehze E1
Ehzd
d 2.3
2 E2

d Rb Ehzb (3.3.14)

d
Rb
Ehzb E2

2.
midas Civil

3.3.10

(1). E1 E2
Ehzh d Ehze Ehzd 7.2.3-4

414 |
 3

(2).
-z Ehze
-z
Ehzd
(3).
-y Ehze
-y
Ehzd
(4).
Rb
d Ehzh
dRbOKNG

| 415


3.1.11

1.
JTG/T B02-01-
2008 7.2.3-27.5.2
1D

X E X max ( 3.3.15)

X E d X D X H ( 3.3.16)

X max

2 E2

X 0 X max (3.3.17)

X0 E2

Xmax

2.
midas Civil

3.3.11

(1). E1 E2
X E d X D X H 7.2.3-6
(2).
DZ
XD DX
XH
(3).
DY

416 |
 3

XD DY
XH
(4). XHmax

| 417


3.1.12

1.
JTG/T B02-01-
2008 7.2.3-27.5.2
1D

Ehzh Emax (3.3.18)

Ehzh d Ehze Ehzd (3.3.19)

Emax

2 E2

Ehzb Emax (3.3.20)

Ehzb E2

Emax

2.
midas Civil

3.3.12

(1). E1 E2
Ehzh d Ehze Ehzd 7.2.3-8

(2). Emax

418 |
 3

3.1.13

1.
JTG/T B02-
01-2008 7.4.6
E2 ,

d u (3.3.21)

d E2
u

2.
midas Civil

3.3.13

(1). E2
(2). E2 d=c6.7.6
E2 -
c 6.7.6
T
-
1 Lp
(3). u H 2y H u 7.4.7
3 2

u 7.4.3-1 y

u -

7.4.7

| 419


3.1.14

1.
JTG/T
B02-01-2008 7.4.2
E2 ,

d u (3.3.22)

d E2
u

2.
midas Civil

3.3.14

(1). E2

(2).

(3). ij
E2 p

p
(4). Rz
p Ry
p
(5). 7.4.3-1
y u - Lp
7.4.3-27.4.3-3

420 |
 3

3.2

1
2-

3.3.15 -

| 421


3.3.16

4
5

3.3.17

422 |
 3

3.3.18

| 423


3.3.19

3.3.20

424 |
 3

3.3.21

10

3.3.22

| 425


11->RC > RC

3.3.23

426 |
 3

3.3

1 JTG04RC

3.3.24

2
/

3.3.25

| 427


3.3.26

4


5/

3.3.27

428 |
 3

6
RC RC

3.3.28

7JTG/T B02-012008
YZ

| 429


8-
-

3.3.29

fy
9 y
E

fy E
y
MPa MPa
HRB335 335 2.0e5 0.1675%
HRB400 400 2.0e5 0.2%
KL400 400 2.0e5 0.2%
R235 235 2.1e5 0.112%

10


11 P-M
l0=2l
12JTG/T B02-012008
5.2.1
/
R 5.2.5

430 |
 3

3.3.30

13

3.3.31

14
SRSS 3.4 SRSS
1.0

| 431


15

16


17E1
E2 E2
18[]

19 08
7.4.7

3.3.32

20 E2
08 6.8.2-16.8.2-3
6.8.2-26.8.2-4
21-
--
[] 4-

22[]

432 |
 3

3.3.33

23 E2
M p0 M hc
s

M p0
M hc
s

24

25
2608 6.3.7

| 433


4 RC

4.1 RC

12

4.1.1 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.5

M
c b 3.4.1
W0

c MPa
M MN.m
W0 (m3)

2.
midas Civil

3.4.1 RC -

(1). 4.1.1c W0

(2). /M

434 |
 4 RC

(3). 5.2.1 1 +
[b] 30%
(4). M
(5).
6
6*2=12

(6).

| 435


4.1.2 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.5-3

V
tp 1 3.4.2
bz

MPa
V MN
b m
z m

2.
midas Civil

3.4.2 RC -

(1). 3.4.2 z=I0/S0

I0 S0
(2). [tp-1] 5.2.1
(3). /
h0

436 |
 4 RC

4.1.3 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.5-2

M
s n s 3.4.3
WS

s MPa
M MN.m
Ws m3
n

2.
midas Civil

3.4.3 RC -

(1). 3.4.3 s Ws
n 5.1.3
(2). [s] 5.2.2
(3). RC -
(4).

| 437


4.1.4 -

1.
T
(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.8
T

s 8 0.4d
f K1K 2 r 80 3.4.4
Es z

M1 M
K2 1 0.5 2 3.4.5
M M

z
1n1 2 n2 3n3 As1
3.4.6
Ac1

Ac1 2ab 3.4.7

f mm
K1
K2
0.5 0.3
M1 MN m
M2 MN m
M

MN.m
r
s MPa
Es MPa
d mm
z
n1n2n3
123
As1 m2

438 |
 4 RC

Ac1

2.
midas Civil

3.4.4 RC -

(1). 4.1.4 f
K1 K1=0.8
r
r=1.1 =0.3 123
1=2=3=1.0
(2). 5.2.7 RC [f]

3.4.5

| 439


4.1.5 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.5-4

b S1
c 3.4.8
hf S

MPa
MPa
[c] MPa
h f m

2.
midas Civil

3.4.6 RC -

(1). 3.4.8 h f


S1

(2). [c] 5.2.1
(3). RC -

440 |
 4 RC

4.1.6 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.5-5

b Asf
c 3.4.9
h f As

MPa
hf m
Asf m2
As m2

2.
midas Civil

3.4.7 RC -

(1). 3.4.9 h f h f

1 bf b
Asf Asf As
2 Asf

(2). [c] 5.2.1

(3). RC -

| 441


4.1.7 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.3-15.2.6-1

N
c c 3.4.10
Ac mAs

N M
c b 3.4.11
A0 W0

1

KN
1 3.4.12
2 Ec I c

l02

0.1
0.16
e0 3.4.13
0.2
h

c MPa
N MN
Ac m2
As m2
m
A0W0
2 3
m m
M MNm

K 2.0+ 1.6
Ec m4
Ic MPa

442 |
 4 RC

e0 m
h m
l0

2.
midas Civil

3.4.8 RC -

(1). Fx-min N 3.4.10

m 5.2.3-1
(2). MY-MIN My MY-MAX My
Fx-min(My) Nd
(3). 3.4.113.4.13

(4). [b] 5.2.1 +
[b] 30%

| 443


4.1.8 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.6-6

c c2
tp 2 3.4.14
2 4

tp MPa
MPa
c MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.4.9 RC -

(1). tp 5.2.6-6 c
RC - RC
-

444 |
 4 RC

4.1.9 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.6

N M
cs n s 3.4.15
A0 W0

N MN
A0W0
2 3
m m
M MN.m

n

2.
midas Civil

3.4.10 RC -

(1).

cs=nc
(2). [s] 5.2.2
(3). RC -

| 445


4.1.10 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.6

N M
cs n s 3.4.16
A0 W0

N MN
A0W0
2 3
m m
M MNm

n

2.
midas Civil

3.4.11 RC -

(1).

cs=nc
(2). [s] 5.2.2
(3). RC -

446 |
 4 RC

4.1.11 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.85.2.9
RC

s 4 0.2d
f K1K 2 K3r 100 3.4.17
Es z

2R x
r 1.2 3.4.18
R rs x

z
1n1 2 n2 3n3 As1
3.4.19
Az

Az 4 rs R rs 3.4.20

K1
K2
K3 K3 1.0 K3 1.1
r
r>1.2 1.2
s MPa
d mm
z z 0.005 0.005
n1~n3
Az m2

| 447


2.
midas Civil

3.4.12 RC -

(1). RC -RC -

448 |
 4 RC

4.1.12 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 5.2.3-2

N
c c

Ac mAs 3.4.21

[c] MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.4.13 RC -

(1). c 3.4.21 5.2.3-2

(2). RC -

| 449


4.2 RC

TB 10002.3
2005 RC RC

1
2
3 RC

3.4.14

4 RC

450 |
 4 RC

3.4.15 RC

5 RC

3.4.16 RC

| 451


6 RC

3.4.17 RC

7 RC RC RC

3.4.18 RC

8 RC >RC > RC

3.4.19 RC

452 |
 4 RC

4.3 RC

1 RC TB05RC

3.4.20

2 RC
/RC

3.4.21 RC

| 453


3.4.22

4


5/
>>

3.4.23

454 |
 4 RC

6RC >>
[] RC

3.4.24

7RC RC
>RC >RC RC

3.4.25

| 455


3.4.26

8 RC >>
+
RC

3.4.27

456 |
 4 RC

10
+

3.4.28

| 457


5 PSC

5.1 PSC

5.1.1 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.1.3

c
3.5.1
c

MPa
c
MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.5.1 PSC -

(1).
c
c6.1.3
c

(2).

0

458 |
 5 PSC

(3). _TL_TR_BR_BL_T_B
1~4 6
_max 6
(4). 0.7 0
[]=-0.7 0.7 OK >0.7
NG
(5). _max
(6).
6
62=12

(7).

| 459


5.1.2 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.2.26.2.3
1 T

x
Ap (h0 ap ) fs As (h0 as )
KM f c bx(h0 ) pa 3.5.2
2

fp Ap fs As pa
Ap fsAs fcbx 3.5.3

pa fp np c1 p1
3.5.4

M MNm
fc 3.1.3 MPa
pa Ap MPa

np
fp 3.2.3 MPa
c1 Ap MPa
c1 Ap MPa
p1

h0 m
f s MPa
2
As m
b m
x m
x x0.4hp x 2a x 2a

KM ( f p Ap fs As )(h0 a) 3.5.5

2 T

3.5.6 bf

460 |
 5 PSC

Ap f sAs fcbfhf
fp Ap fs As pa 3.5.6

3.5.7
x h
KM f c [bx(h0 ) (bf b)hf (h0 f )] pa Ap (h0 ap ) f sAs(h0 as ) 3.5.7
2 2

Ap f sAs fc [bx (bf b)hf ]

fp Ap fs As pa 3.5.8

x0.4hp x 2a
x 2 a 3.5.5

2.
midas Civil

3.5.2 PSC -

(1). M M>0 Mn
M<0 Mn
(2). 6.2.2-1 pa
fp 3.2.3 pa fp np c1 p1

(3). K TB05 6.1.5

10%

3.5.3

(4). /

| 461


5.1.3 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) C.0.2

KV Vcv Vb 3.5.9

Vcv bh0 1.32(2 p) fct3/4 v fs 3.5.10

Vb 0.9 f p Apb sin a 3.5.11

Ap Apb As
p 100 100 3.5 3.5.12
bh0

Av
v 3.5.13
sv b

K 6.1.5
V MN
Vcs MN
Vb MN
b m
h0
m
p C.0.2-4
p > 3.5 p = 3.5
Av m2
sv m
fct MPa 3.1.4

C 0.6mb0 3.5.14

462 |
 5 PSC

Mv
m 3.5.15
Vh0

C m
m m>3 m=3
h0 m m
Mv MNm

2.
midas Civil

3.5.4 PSC -

(1). C KVVcv+VbC.0.2-1
Vcv
Vb
(2).
Av sv 0 Vcv=0
Vb
(3). K 6.1.5
10%
(4).
b=0
(5). C.0.2-2 p p>3.5
p=3.5

| 463


5.1.4 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.9-16.3.11

Kf c fct 3.5.16

Kf c fct 3.5.17

2S0
3.5.18
W0

6.3.6-
1MPa
Kf 6.1.5
c 6.3.5
MPa
fct 3.1.4 MPa

W0 m3
S0 m3

2.
midas Civil

3.5.5 PSC -

464 |
 5 PSC

(1). 6.3.9-2
ct06.3.11-1
(2).
ct0.7fct6.3.11-2
(3). ct6.3.6-1
c 6.3.5-1
(4). Kf 6.1.5 PSC Kf=1.2
(5). =2S0/W06.3.9-3
(6). Kf+cfct ct0
OKNG
ct0.7fct OKNG

| 465


5.1.5 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.9-26.3.12

cx cy cx cy
tp ( )2 c2 3.5.19
2 2

cx cy cx cy
cp ( ) 2 c2 3.5.20
2 2

k f1 My0 3.5.21
cx c1
I0

npv pv apv
cy 3.5.22
bspv

Vpb S
c K f1 3.5.23
bI

tpcp MPa
cxcy MPa
c1 MPa
c MPa
kf1
6.1.5 kf 1.0
M y MNm
npv
pv MPa
apv m2
spv m

466 |
 5 PSC

b m
Vpb MN
I0In
SI m3 m4

2.
midas Civil

3.5.6 PSC -

(1). tpfct6.3.9-
4 cp0.6fc6.3.9-5+
6.3.9-5 0.66fc
(2). tpfct
6.3.12
(3).

| 467


5.1.6 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.10

N M y
c 3.5.24
A I

NM MN MNm
AI m2 m4
y m

2.
midas Civil

3.5.7 PSC -

(1). c0.5fc6.3.10-1
+ c0.55fc6.3.10-2
(2). c 6.3.5 6.3.6-1
c 6.3.5 E E.0.2
(3). TLTRBRBLTB 1~4
6

468 |
 5 PSC

5.1.7 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.13

1
N M y
c 3.5.25
A I

p np co 3.5.26

NM MN MNm
AI m2 m4
y m
c MPa
p MPa
co MPa

ps p1 p1 p2 3.5.27

10 p Ap ep2 10sl6 As ep es
p1 (1 2
) (1 2 ) 3.5.28
A i A i

ps MPa
p1 MPa
p
L4MPa
co MPa
p1 MPa
epes m
i i I / A

| 469


m
p2 TB05
E E.0.3-1MPa
sL6
sL6=-L6MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.5.8 PSC -

(1). PSC -p0.6fpk

(2). TB05 6.3.6-16.3.6-2
p p p
con
(3). TB05 p p1 p1 p2 6.3.6-4
s

p p
(4).

470 |
 5 PSC

5.1.8 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005)
6.3.14

1

p 1 pq 3.5.29

p MPa
pq MPa
1 1.0
1.5

p p1 p2 pg 3.5.30

p1 MPa TB05 6.3.6-5

p2
MPa TB05 E E.0.3-1E.0.3-2
pg MPa TB05 6.3.6 1
6.3.6-26.3.6-3 np ns 10

| 471


2.
midas Civil

3.5.9 PSC -

(1). p=1pq6.3.14-1

1=1.5
(2). pg 6.3.6-16.3.6-2


(3). 6.3.14-36.3.14-4

(4). [p] 6.3.14

472 |
 5 PSC

5.1.9 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.15

c p 0.17 f c 3.5.31

c MPa
MPa
p MPa
fc MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.5.10 PSC -

(1). 6.3.15 6.3.15 c=-p0.17fc+0.55cy

cy
cy=0
(2). PSC
Sig-xz c
Sig-zz cy
(3). PSC
(4). Sig-xz5Sig-xz10

| 473


5.1.10 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.18
T

d s2
wfk 23 (2.4Cs ) 3.5.32
e Es

4( As Ap )
d 3.5.33
U

As Ap
e (3.5.34)
Ace

wfk mm
Cs mm
d mm
e
0.02 0.04

0.04 0.06

2 1.8
3 1.5
ApAs mm2
U mm
Ace

474 |
 5 PSC

2.
midas Civil

3.5.11 PSC -

(1). wfk TB05 6.3.18-1

Cs as1
e Ap As
(2). TB05 6.3.18
[wfk]
(3).

(4). PSC

| 475


5.1.11 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.4.3

1
p con ( L 2 L 3 L 4 0.5 L 5 ) 0.65 f pk 3.5.35
2
p con ( L1 L 2 L 4 ) 0.65 f pk 3.5.36

p MPa
L1 MPa
L2 MPa
L3 MPa
L4 MPa
L5 MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.5.12 PSC -

(1). TB05 6.4.3-1

6.4.3-2 con
L1~L5
(2).

5.1.12 -

1.

476 |
 5 PSC

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.4.4

1

c fc 3.5.37

c MPa
C50~C60 0.75C40~C45 0.70

ct 0.7 fct 3.5.38

ct MPa
f fct' MPa
c
'

2.
midas Civil

3.5.13 PSC -

(1). CS TB05
6.3.6-1c=N/AMy/I ij 6

(2). sig_MAX=max(BL,BR,TL,TR,B,T)
sig_MAX=min(BL,BR,TL,TR,B,T)
(3). CS

| 477


(4). fc 0.8 fc f ct 0.8 f ct

Excel

(5).

478 |
 5 PSC

5.1.13 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.1.3

c
3.5.39
c

MPa
c
MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.5.14 PSC -

(1). PSC -

| 479


5.1.14 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.2.5

1 2a x 0.4h0

KN fcbx pa Ap fsAs fp Ap fs As 3.5.40

2 x 2 a
( f p Ap f s As )(h0 a)
KN 3.5.41
e
3 x 0.4h0

N0
KN
N e 3.5.42
1 ( 0 1) 0
Nj ej0

N 0 f cbh pa
Ap f sAs pa Ap f s As 3.5.43
N j 0.4 f cbh0 pa
Ap fsAs f p Ap f s As 3.5.44

0.32 f cbh02 pa
Ap (h0 ap ) f sAs (h0 as )
ej 3.5.45
Nj

Ap (h0 ap ) fsAs(h0 as )
0.5 f cbh02 pa
c 3.5.46
N0

e0 e c 3.5.47

3.5.48
ej0 ej c

N MN
K TB05 6.1.5
fc TB05 3.1.3
pa Ap MPa

480 |
 5 PSC

fs MPa
As m2

b m
X m
fp MPa
Ap m2
h0 m
e N Ap As m
N0 MN
Nj MN
cej N0 Nj Ap As m
pa Ap TB05
6.2.2-3MPa
e0 N N0 m
ej0 Nj m

1
c (h0 a ) 3.5.49
2

2.
midas Civil

3.5.15 PSC -

(1). 6
FX-MAXFX-MINMY-MAXMY-MINMZ-MAX
MZ-MIN
(2). Ap
Ep
fc
pa
Ec

| 481


482 |
 5 PSC

5.1.15 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.2.16.2.7
1

KN fp Ap fs As 3.5.50

N MN
K TB05 6.1.5
APAS m2
fPfS TB05
3.2.3MPa

2 N Ap As Ap As

f p Ap (h0 ap ) fs As (h0 as )
KN 3.5.51
e e
f p Ap (h0 ap ) fs As (h0 as )
KN 3.5.52
e e
3 N Ap As Ap As
x 2a 3.5.53

KN fp Ap fs As pa Ap fsAs fcbx 3.5.53

x 2a 5.1.17-45.1.17-5
( f p Ap fs As )(h0 a )
KN 3.5.54
e

| 483


2.
midas Civil

3.5.16 PSC -

(1). 6
FX-MAXFX-MIN
MY-MAXMY-MINMZ-MAXMZ-MIN
(2). 3.5.513.5.52

(3). 3.5.53
x 2a 3.5.54

484 |
 5 PSC

5.1.16 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.9-16.3.11

Kf c fct 3.5.55

Kf c fct 3.5.56

2S0
3.5.57
W0

TB05
6.3.6-1MPa
Kf TB05 6.1.5
c TB05 6.3.5
MPa
fct TB05 3.1.4 MPa

W0 m3
S0 m3

2.
midas Civil

3.5.17 PSC -

| 485


(1). N Ap As
Ap As
x 0.4h0

=1
(2). PSC -

486 |
 5 PSC

5.1.17 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.10

N M y
c 3.5.58
A I

NM MN MNm
AI m2 m4
y m

2.
midas Civil

3.5.18 PSC -

PSC -

| 487


5.1.18 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.13
-

2.
midas Civil

3.5.19 PSC -

(1). PSC -p0.6fpk

(2). PSC -
(3). PSC -

488 |
 5 PSC

5.1.19 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.3.15
-

2.
midas Civil

3.5.20 PSC -

PSC -

| 489


5.1.20 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.4.3
--

2.
midas Civil

3.5.21 PSC -

PSC -

490 |
 5 PSC

5.1.21 -

1.

(TB 10002.3-2005) 6.4.4
--

2.
midas Civil

3.5.22 PSC -

PSC -

| 491


5.2 PSC

TB10002.3
2005 PSC PSC

1
2
3 PSC

3.5.23

4 PSC

3.5.24 PSC 3.5.25

492 |
 5 PSC

5 PSC

3.5.26 PSC 3.5.27. PSC

6 PSC

3.5.28 PSC

| 493


7 PSC PSC PSC

3.5.29 PSC 3.5.30 PSC

8 PSC

3.5.31 PSC

494 |
 5 PSC

5.3 PSC

1 PSC TB05RC

3.5.32

3.5.33 - 3.5.34 -/

| 495


3PSC
4 PSC
/PSC
5

3.5.35

3.5.36

496 |
 5 PSC

7/
>>

8PSC >>
[] PSC

9PSC PSC
>RC >RC
PSC

3.5.37 -

| 497


3.5.38 -

10 PSC

3.5.39

11 PSC

12
PSC
PSC

498 |
 5 PSC

3.5.40

13 PSC >>
+
PSC

| 499


3.5.41 3.5.42

14


15
+

3.5.43

16 PSC -
C C.0.2-3
C.0.2-1

17 PSC -

500 |
 6

6.1

6.1.1

1.
(GB50111-2006)
7.1.2

N
c c 3.6.1
Ac mAs

c MPa
N MN
Ac m2
A m2
m
[c] MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.6.1

(1). Fx-min N TB10002.3-2005

N
c c 5.2.3-1
Ac mAs

| 501


m TB10002.3-2005
5.2.3-1
(2). [c] GB50111-2006 6.1.7-2
(3).
6
62=12

(4).

502 |
 6

6.1.2

1.
(GB50111-2006)
7.1.2
2.
midas Civil

3.6.2

(1).
cs=nc

(2). [s] GB50111-2006 6.1.7-2
(3).

| 503


6.1.3

1.
(GB50111-2006)
7.1.2

2.
midas Civil

3.6.3

(1).
cs=nc


(2). [s] GB50111-2006 6.1.7-2

504 |
 6

6.1.4

1.
(GB50111-2006)
7.1.5-2

2.
midas Civil

3.6.4

(1). e=M/N MN
(2). [e] GB50111-2006 7.1.5-2

| 505


6.1.5

1.
(GB50111-
2006) 7.1.2

N
c c 3.6.2
( Ac mAs)

c MPa
N MN
Ac m2
A m2
m
[c] MPa

2.
midas Civil

3.6.5

N
(1). c TB10002.3-2005 c A mA c 5.2.3-2
c s

TB10002.3-2005 5.2.3-2
(2). [c] 6.1.7-2

506 |
 6

6.1.6

1.

(GB50111-2006) 7.3.3

max
u u 3.6.3
y

u
[u]
max
y

2.
midas Civil

3.6.6

(1).

(2). D/D2

u [ u ] 7.3.3
max max

y y

(3). [u] 4.8

| 507


6.2

1
2

3.6.7

3
4

3.6.8

508 |
 6

3.6.9

| 509


3.6.10

7 RC

3.6.11 RC

510 |
 6

3.6.12

9>RC > RC

3.6.13

| 511


6.3

1 TB05RC

3.6.14

2/
RC

3.6.15

3/
>>

512 |
 6

3.6.16

4>RC >RC
RC

3.6.17

5>>
[] RC

| 513


3.6.18

6>>
+
RC

3.6.19

514 |
6

| 515